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- James_Buchanan abstract "James Buchanan, Jr. (/bjuːˈkænən/; April 23, 1791 – June 1, 1868) was the 15th President of the United States (1857–1861), serving immediately prior to the American Civil War. He is, to date, the only president from Pennsylvania and the only president to remain a lifelong bachelor.He represented Pennsylvania in the United States House of Representatives and later the Senate and served as Minister to Russia under President Andrew Jackson. He was also Secretary of State under President James K. Polk. After he turned down an offer for an appointment to the Supreme Court, President Franklin Pierce appointed him minister to the Court of St. James's, in which capacity he helped draft the Ostend Manifesto.Buchanan was nominated by the Democratic Party in the 1856 Presidential election. Throughout most of Pierce's term, he was stationed in London as a minister to the Court of St. James's and therefore was not caught up in the crossfire of sectional politics that dominated the country. His subsequent election victory took place in a three-man race with John C. Frémont and Millard Fillmore. As President, he was often called a "doughface", a Northerner with Southern sympathies, who battled with Stephen A. Douglas for the control of the Democratic Party. Buchanan's efforts to maintain peace between the North and the South alienated both sides, and the Southern states declared their secession in the prologue to the American Civil War. Buchanan's view of record was that secession was illegal, but that going to war to stop it was also illegal. Buchanan, an attorney, was noted for his mantra, "I acknowledge no master but the law."By the time he left office, popular opinion was against him, and the Democratic Party had split. Buchanan had once aspired to a presidency that would rank in history with that of George Washington. However, his inability to impose peace on sharply divided partisans on the brink of the Civil War has led to his consistent ranking by historians as one of the worst presidents in American history. Historians in both 2006 and 2009 voted his failure to deal with secession the worst presidential mistake ever made.".
- James_Buchanan activeYearsEndDate "1823-03-04".
- James_Buchanan activeYearsEndDate "1831-03-04".
- James_Buchanan activeYearsEndDate "1833-08-05".
- James_Buchanan activeYearsEndDate "1845-03-05".
- James_Buchanan activeYearsEndDate "1849-03-07".
- James_Buchanan activeYearsEndDate "1856-03-15".
- James_Buchanan activeYearsEndDate "1861-03-04".
- James_Buchanan activeYearsStartDate "1821-03-04".
- James_Buchanan activeYearsStartDate "1823-03-04".
- James_Buchanan activeYearsStartDate "1829-03-05".
- James_Buchanan activeYearsStartDate "1832-01-04".
- James_Buchanan activeYearsStartDate "1834-12-06".
- James_Buchanan activeYearsStartDate "1845-03-10".
- James_Buchanan activeYearsStartDate "1853-08-23".
- James_Buchanan activeYearsStartDate "1857-03-04".
- James_Buchanan almaMater Dickinson_College.
- James_Buchanan battle War_of_1812.
- James_Buchanan birthDate "1791-04-23".
- James_Buchanan birthPlace Cove_Gap,_Pennsylvania.
- James_Buchanan birthPlace Mercersburg,_Pennsylvania.
- James_Buchanan birthPlace Pennsylvania.
- James_Buchanan birthPlace United_States.
- James_Buchanan birthYear "1791".
- James_Buchanan deathDate "1868-06-01".
- James_Buchanan deathPlace Lancaster,_Pennsylvania.
- James_Buchanan deathPlace Pennsylvania.
- James_Buchanan deathPlace United_States.
- James_Buchanan deathYear "1868".
- James_Buchanan individualisedGnd "11866784X".
- James_Buchanan lccnId "n/78/95586".
- James_Buchanan office "15th President of the United States".
- James_Buchanan office "17th United States Secretary of State".
- James_Buchanan orderInOffice "Chairman of the House Committee on the Judiciary".
- James_Buchanan party Democratic_Party_(United_States).
- James_Buchanan president Andrew_Jackson.
- James_Buchanan president Franklin_Pierce.
- James_Buchanan president James_K._Polk.
- James_Buchanan profession Diplomat.
- James_Buchanan profession Lawyer.
- James_Buchanan region Pennsylvania.
- James_Buchanan region Pennsylvania's_3rd_congressional_district.
- James_Buchanan region Pennsylvania's_4th_congressional_district.
- James_Buchanan religion Presbyterianism.
- James_Buchanan restingPlace Lancaster,_Pennsylvania.
- James_Buchanan restingPlace Woodward_Hill_Cemetery.
- James_Buchanan seniority "United States Senator".
- James_Buchanan successor Abraham_Lincoln.
- James_Buchanan successor Daniel_H._Miller.
- James_Buchanan successor George_M._Dallas.
- James_Buchanan successor John_M._Clayton.
- James_Buchanan successor Mahlon_Dickerson.
- James_Buchanan successor Simon_Cameron.
- James_Buchanan successor William_Muhlenberg_Hiester.
- James_Buchanan termPeriod James_Buchanan__1.
- James_Buchanan termPeriod James_Buchanan__2.
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- James_Buchanan termPeriod James_Buchanan__4.
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- James_Buchanan termPeriod James_Buchanan__8.
- James_Buchanan thumbnail Hon._James_Buchanan_-_NARA_-_528318-crop.jpg?width=300.
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- James_Buchanan vicePresident John_C._Breckinridge.
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- James_Buchanan almaMater Dickinson_College.
- James_Buchanan battles War_of_1812.
- James_Buchanan birthDate "1791-04-23".
- James_Buchanan birthPlace "Cove Gap, Pennsylvania, U.S.".
- James_Buchanan branch "Volunteer".
- James_Buchanan clear "yes".
- James_Buchanan country "Russia".
- James_Buchanan country "the United Kingdom".
- James_Buchanan dateOfBirth "1791-04-23".
- James_Buchanan dateOfDeath "1868-06-01".
- James_Buchanan deathDate "1868-06-01".
- James_Buchanan deathPlace "Lancaster, Pennsylvania, U.S.".
- James_Buchanan district "3.0".