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- Battle_of_Devil's_Backbone abstract "The Battle of Devil's Backbone (also known as Backbone Mountain) was a battle of the American Civil War on September 1, 1863 in Sebastian County, Arkansas. Devil's Backbone is a ridge in the Ouachita Mountains. The Union victory at Devil's Backbone secured the North's capture of Fort Smith (Sebastian County) on September 1, 1863. Although fighting continued in the region, Fort Smith remained a Union base until the war's end.After driving other Confederate forces farther south into Indian Territory in late August 1863, Union Major General James G. Blunt rapidly turned toward Fort Smith. Blunt's troops skirmished with Confederate Brigadier General William L. Cabell's brigade southwest of Fort Smith on August 31. Cabell decided to retreat southeast and sent his baggage and ordnance wagons off that evening. Discovering this Confederate retreat the next morning, Blunt took an infantry regiment and captured Fort Smith without incident, while Colonel William F. Cloud led about 700 Union cavalry and artillery men in pursuit of Cabell.After retreating down the road toward Waldron, Arkansas in Scott County, Cabell turned around to buy time for his slow-moving wagons to escape. His total force numbered 1,250, but probably not all participated in the ensuing action. Morale was a problem; some of Cabell's troops were described as deserters, conscripts, and jayhawkers, with little interest in the Confederate cause. Cabell concealed a reliable cavalry regiment at the base of Devil's Backbone, a ridge crossed by the road. Three unreliable cavalry units were stationed on the hillside beside the road, with an artillery battery and an infantry regiment posted a few hundred yards up the slope behind the cavalry.At noon, Cabell drew first blood when Cloud's advance guard blundered into the concealed cavalry regiment's ambush. The advance guard's survivors fell back in confusion as the Confederate battery began firing on the rest of Cloud's arriving command. The Union troops deployed their artillery across the road; it went into action as Cloud's cavalrymen dismounted, formed to either side of the road, advanced to the base of the ridge, and began to ascend the slope. The concealed Confederate cavalry regiment retired before this advance even though Cloud's troops had not yet opened fire.At this point, Cabell's other units demonstrated their unreliability. An officer with Cabell's infantry regiment recalled, "As the Yankees came in musket range of Cabell's leading regiment, it stampeded without firing a shot and running into and through the two regiments in its rear, stampeded them and the whole combined mass ran through the left wing of Cabell's infantry regiment and swept them off the field." In an instant, Cabell's force was reduced to one cavalry regiment, the battery, and part of the infantry regiment.Cloud pushed his dismounted cavalrymen to within a quarter of a mile of the Confederate line on the ridge's summit. The action degenerated into a small-arms and artillery skirmish of three hours. Cabell directed the fire of the Confederate battery as Cloud's men made occasional demonstrations of attacking, but no attack materialized; the parties were content to trade fire without close combat.The action claimed the lives of two Union troops; twelve were wounded, and two went missing. Confederate casualties included five killed, twelve wounded, and thirty captured.When the action ended, both sides claimed victory. Cloud reported that the Confederates suddenly retreated during a suspension of Union gunfire. Cabell may have misinterpreted this suspension, because he reported that Cloud was repulsed and that the Confederates then withdrew. In any event, the Union held the field at the action's conclusion. All contact ceased with Cabell's withdrawal. He reached Waldron the next day, and Cloud returned to Fort Smith.By capturing Fort Smith and defeating Cabell at Devil's Backbone, the Federal forces gained a foothold in the Arkansas River Valley. From this base, Federal units would battle Confederate partisans, march to participate in the April 1864 Camden Expedition, and support Federal efforts in Indian Territory. While the later Battle at Massard Prairie in July 1864 demonstrated Fort Smith's vulnerability, it nonetheless remained a Federal outpost for the rest of the war.".
- Battle_of_Devil's_Backbone causalties "12 wounded".
- Battle_of_Devil's_Backbone causalties "2 killed".
- Battle_of_Devil's_Backbone causalties "2 missing".
- Battle_of_Devil's_Backbone combatant "CSA (Confederacy)".
- Battle_of_Devil's_Backbone combatant "United States Union".
- Battle_of_Devil's_Backbone commander William_F._Cloud.
- Battle_of_Devil's_Backbone commander William_Lewis_Cabell.
- Battle_of_Devil's_Backbone date "1863-09-01".
- Battle_of_Devil's_Backbone isPartOfMilitaryConflict American_Civil_War.
- Battle_of_Devil's_Backbone place Sebastian_County,_Arkansas.
- Battle_of_Devil's_Backbone result "Union victory".
- Battle_of_Devil's_Backbone thumbnail Ouachita_Mountains_from_Hot_Springs_Mountain_Tower.jpg?width=300.
- Battle_of_Devil's_Backbone wikiPageExternalLink Arkansas%20Post%20to%20Devils%20Backbone.pdf.
- Battle_of_Devil's_Backbone wikiPageExternalLink ar009.htm.
- Battle_of_Devil's_Backbone wikiPageID "1605963".
- Battle_of_Devil's_Backbone wikiPageRevisionID "597392538".
- Battle_of_Devil's_Backbone casualties "12".
- Battle_of_Devil's_Backbone casualties "2".
- Battle_of_Devil's_Backbone casualties "30".
- Battle_of_Devil's_Backbone casualties "5".
- Battle_of_Devil's_Backbone combatant "CSA (Confederacy)".
- Battle_of_Devil's_Backbone combatant "United States Union".
- Battle_of_Devil's_Backbone commander William_F._Cloud.
- Battle_of_Devil's_Backbone commander William_Lewis_Cabell.
- Battle_of_Devil's_Backbone conflict "Battle of Devil's Backbone".
- Battle_of_Devil's_Backbone date "1863-09-01".
- Battle_of_Devil's_Backbone hasPhotoCollection Battle_of_Devil's_Backbone.
- Battle_of_Devil's_Backbone partof "the American Civil War".
- Battle_of_Devil's_Backbone place Sebastian_County,_Arkansas.
- Battle_of_Devil's_Backbone result "Union victory".
- Battle_of_Devil's_Backbone units "1".
- Battle_of_Devil's_Backbone units "2".
- Battle_of_Devil's_Backbone units "6".
- Battle_of_Devil's_Backbone wordnet_type synset-war-noun-1.
- Battle_of_Devil's_Backbone subject Category:1863_in_Arkansas.
- Battle_of_Devil's_Backbone subject Category:Arkansas_in_the_American_Civil_War.
- Battle_of_Devil's_Backbone subject Category:Battles_of_the_Trans-Mississippi_Theater_of_the_American_Civil_War.
- Battle_of_Devil's_Backbone subject Category:Conflicts_in_1863.
- Battle_of_Devil's_Backbone subject Category:Operations_to_Control_Indian_Territory_(American_Civil_War).
- Battle_of_Devil's_Backbone subject Category:Ouachita_Mountains.
- Battle_of_Devil's_Backbone subject Category:Union_victories_of_the_American_Civil_War.
- Battle_of_Devil's_Backbone point "35.1785 -94.3106".
- Battle_of_Devil's_Backbone type Abstraction100002137.
- Battle_of_Devil's_Backbone type Act100030358.
- Battle_of_Devil's_Backbone type Battle100953559.
- Battle_of_Devil's_Backbone type BattlesOfTheOperationsToControlIndianTerritoryOfTheAmericanCivilWar.
- Battle_of_Devil's_Backbone type BattlesOfTheTrans-MississippiTheaterOfTheAmericanCivilWar.
- Battle_of_Devil's_Backbone type Conflict100958896.
- Battle_of_Devil's_Backbone type ConflictsIn1863.
- Battle_of_Devil's_Backbone type Ending107291312.
- Battle_of_Devil's_Backbone type Event100029378.
- Battle_of_Devil's_Backbone type GroupAction101080366.
- Battle_of_Devil's_Backbone type Happening107283608.
- Battle_of_Devil's_Backbone type MilitaryAction100952963.
- Battle_of_Devil's_Backbone type PsychologicalFeature100023100.
- Battle_of_Devil's_Backbone type Success107319103.
- Battle_of_Devil's_Backbone type UnionVictoriesOfTheAmericanCivilWar.
- Battle_of_Devil's_Backbone type Victory107473441.
- Battle_of_Devil's_Backbone type YagoPermanentlyLocatedEntity.
- Battle_of_Devil's_Backbone type Event.
- Battle_of_Devil's_Backbone type MilitaryConflict.
- Battle_of_Devil's_Backbone type SocietalEvent.
- Battle_of_Devil's_Backbone type Event.
- Battle_of_Devil's_Backbone type ConflictEvent.
- Battle_of_Devil's_Backbone type Event.
- Battle_of_Devil's_Backbone type Event.
- Battle_of_Devil's_Backbone type Thing.
- Battle_of_Devil's_Backbone type SpatialThing.
- Battle_of_Devil's_Backbone comment "The Battle of Devil's Backbone (also known as Backbone Mountain) was a battle of the American Civil War on September 1, 1863 in Sebastian County, Arkansas. Devil's Backbone is a ridge in the Ouachita Mountains. The Union victory at Devil's Backbone secured the North's capture of Fort Smith (Sebastian County) on September 1, 1863.".
- Battle_of_Devil's_Backbone label "Bataille de Devil's Backbone".
- Battle_of_Devil's_Backbone label "Battle of Devil's Backbone".
- Battle_of_Devil's_Backbone label "Slag bij Devil's Backbone".
- Battle_of_Devil's_Backbone sameAs Bataille_de_Devil's_Backbone.
- Battle_of_Devil's_Backbone sameAs Slag_bij_Devil's_Backbone.
- Battle_of_Devil's_Backbone sameAs m.05g37v.
- Battle_of_Devil's_Backbone sameAs Q2457962.
- Battle_of_Devil's_Backbone sameAs Q2457962.
- Battle_of_Devil's_Backbone sameAs Battle_of_Devil's_Backbone.
- Battle_of_Devil's_Backbone lat "35.1785".
- Battle_of_Devil's_Backbone long "-94.3106".
- Battle_of_Devil's_Backbone wasDerivedFrom Battle_of_Devil's_Backbone?oldid=597392538.
- Battle_of_Devil's_Backbone depiction Ouachita_Mountains_from_Hot_Springs_Mountain_Tower.jpg.
- Battle_of_Devil's_Backbone isPrimaryTopicOf Battle_of_Devil's_Backbone.
- Battle_of_Devil's_Backbone name "Battle of Devil's Backbone".