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- California_Proposition_8_(2008) abstract "Proposition 8, known informally as Prop 8, was a California ballot proposition and a state constitutional amendment passed in the November 2008 California state elections. The proposition was created by opponents of same-sex marriage in advance of the California Supreme Court's May 2008 appeal ruling, In re Marriage Cases, which followed the short-lived 2004 same-sex weddings controversy and found the previous ban on same-sex marriage (Proposition 22, 2000) unconstitutional. Proposition 8 was also ultimately ruled unconstitutional by a federal court (on different grounds) in 2010, although the court decision did not go into effect until June 26, 2013, following the conclusion of proponents' appeals.Proposition 8 circumvented the 2008 ruling by adding the same provision as in Proposition 22 to the California Constitution, providing that "only marriage between a man and a woman is valid or recognized in California," thereby superseding the 2008 ruling. As an amendment, it was ruled constitutional by the California Supreme Court in Strauss v. Horton, in 2009, on the grounds that it "carved out a limited [or 'narrow'] exception to the state equal protection clause"; Justice Moreno dissented that exceptions to the equal protection clause could not be made by any majority since its whole purpose was to protect minorities against the will of a majority.Following affirmation by the state courts, two same-sex couples filed a lawsuit against the initiative in the United States District Court for the Northern District of California in the case Perry v. Schwarzenegger (later Hollingsworth v. Perry). In August 2010, Chief Judge Vaughn Walker ruled that the amendment was unconstitutional under both the Due Process and Equal Protection Clauses of the Fourteenth Amendment, since it purported to re-remove rights from a disfavored class only, with no rational basis. The official proponents' justifications for the measure were analyzed in over fifty pages covering eighty findings of fact. The state government supported the ruling and refused to defend the law. The ruling was stayed pending appeal by the proponents of the initiative.On June 26, 2013, the Supreme Court of the United States issued its decision on the appeal in the case Hollingsworth v. Perry, ruling that proponents of initiatives such as Proposition 8 did not possess legal standing in their own right to defend the resulting law in federal court, either to the Supreme Court or (previously) to the Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals. Therefore the Supreme Court both dismissed the appeal and directed the Ninth Circuit to vacate (withdraw) its decision, which had upheld the district court ruling. The decision left the district court's 2010 ruling intact. On June 28, 2013, the Ninth Circuit lifted its stay of the district court's ruling, enabling Governor Jerry Brown to order same-sex marriage officiations to resume.".
- California_Proposition_8_(2008) thumbnail CA2008Prop8.svg?width=300.
- California_Proposition_8_(2008) wikiPageExternalLink prop8ruling.pdf.
- California_Proposition_8_(2008) wikiPageExternalLink state.php?fips=6&year=2008&f=0&off=67&elect=0.
- California_Proposition_8_(2008) wikiPageExternalLink prop8-title-sum.htm.
- California_Proposition_8_(2008) wikiPageExternalLink i737_07-0068_Initiative.pdf.
- California_Proposition_8_(2008) wikiPageExternalLink ReportView.phtml?r=406.
- California_Proposition_8_(2008) wikiPageExternalLink www.noonprop8.com.
- California_Proposition_8_(2008) wikiPageExternalLink www.protectmarriage.com.
- California_Proposition_8_(2008) wikiPageExternalLink hollingsworth-v-perry.
- California_Proposition_8_(2008) wikiPageExternalLink 10-16696-398-Decision.
- California_Proposition_8_(2008) wikiPageExternalLink index.aspx?page=501.
- California_Proposition_8_(2008) wikiPageExternalLink watch?v=V5dIUOCWslU.
- California_Proposition_8_(2008) wikiPageExternalLink watch?v=W7n8HlxMfx4.
- California_Proposition_8_(2008) wikiPageID "17450998".
- California_Proposition_8_(2008) wikiPageRevisionID "605652460".
- California_Proposition_8_(2008) electorate "17304428".
- California_Proposition_8_(2008) invalid "340611".
- California_Proposition_8_(2008) invalidpct "2.48".
- California_Proposition_8_(2008) map "CA2008Prop8.svg".
- California_Proposition_8_(2008) name "Proposition 8".
- California_Proposition_8_(2008) no "6401482".
- California_Proposition_8_(2008) nopct "47.76".
- California_Proposition_8_(2008) notes "Source: California Secretary of State".
- California_Proposition_8_(2008) title "Eliminates Rights of Same-Sex Couples to Marry. Initiative Constitutional Amendment".
- California_Proposition_8_(2008) title "Proposition 8".
- California_Proposition_8_(2008) total "13743177".
- California_Proposition_8_(2008) turnoutpct "79.42".
- California_Proposition_8_(2008) valid "13402566".
- California_Proposition_8_(2008) validpct "97.52".
- California_Proposition_8_(2008) yes "7001084".
- California_Proposition_8_(2008) yespct "52.24".
- California_Proposition_8_(2008) subject Category:2008_in_LGBT_history.
- California_Proposition_8_(2008) subject Category:California_Proposition_8.
- California_Proposition_8_(2008) subject Category:Initiatives_in_the_United_States.
- California_Proposition_8_(2008) subject Category:LGBT_rights_in_California.
- California_Proposition_8_(2008) comment "Proposition 8, known informally as Prop 8, was a California ballot proposition and a state constitutional amendment passed in the November 2008 California state elections. The proposition was created by opponents of same-sex marriage in advance of the California Supreme Court's May 2008 appeal ruling, In re Marriage Cases, which followed the short-lived 2004 same-sex weddings controversy and found the previous ban on same-sex marriage (Proposition 22, 2000) unconstitutional.".
- California_Proposition_8_(2008) label "California Proposition 8 (2008)".
- California_Proposition_8_(2008) label "California Proposition 8".
- California_Proposition_8_(2008) label "Proposición 8 (California)".
- California_Proposition_8_(2008) label "Proposition 8".
- California_Proposition_8_(2008) label "Proposition 8".
- California_Proposition_8_(2008) label "Proposition 8".
- California_Proposition_8_(2008) label "Propozycja 8 w Kalifornii w 2008 roku".
- California_Proposition_8_(2008) label "Предложение 8".
- California_Proposition_8_(2008) label "加利福尼亚州8号提案 (2008年)".
- California_Proposition_8_(2008) sameAs Proposition_8.
- California_Proposition_8_(2008) sameAs Proposición_8_(California).
- California_Proposition_8_(2008) sameAs Proposition_8.
- California_Proposition_8_(2008) sameAs California_Proposition_8.
- California_Proposition_8_(2008) sameAs Proposition_8.
- California_Proposition_8_(2008) sameAs Propozycja_8_w_Kalifornii_w_2008_roku.
- California_Proposition_8_(2008) sameAs m.0464yb8.
- California_Proposition_8_(2008) sameAs Q589889.
- California_Proposition_8_(2008) sameAs Q589889.
- California_Proposition_8_(2008) wasDerivedFrom California_Proposition_8_(2008)?oldid=605652460.
- California_Proposition_8_(2008) depiction CA2008Prop8.svg.
- California_Proposition_8_(2008) homepage prop8-title-sum.htm.
- California_Proposition_8_(2008) isPrimaryTopicOf California_Proposition_8_(2008).