Matches in LOV for { ?s <http://purl.org/imbi/ru-meta.owl#definition> ?o. }
- MonoMolecularEntity definition "A mono-molecular entity is a self connected compound of two atoms or more which exhibit at least one covalent bound. Molecular entities can be isolated molecules or parts of molecules (groups, residue). They may be electrically neutral or not.\n\nIn biological systems molecular entities generally occur in very high quantities. In text, references to chemicals are often ambiguous. When we state \"water has a molecular weight of 18\" we refer to single water molecules. However, saying that \"water has a density of 1kg/dm³\" under certain conditions then we make a statement about pluralities of water molecules each of which has water molecules as \"grains\"\nOld name: molecular entity\n\nThe upper bound of monomolecular entities is shallow. Strictly even a diamond crystal would be a monomolecular entity. One argument against this idea is that a diamond crystal is still a diamond crystal if you take away some portions. \nThis is not the case with a classical molecule.".
- Monomer definition "Monomers can be described as constituted by molecularl groups. They are not repetitive and can constitute the building blocks of Polymers.".
- MulticellularOrganism definition "Organisms that are composed by more than one cell.".
- NeuroreactiveRole definition "A role a molecule plays if it acts as a neurotransmitter".
- NonSteroidLipid definition "Lipids that have aliphatic chains and no steroid rings".
- NoncanonicalProcessualEntity definition "a process that is considered abnormal".
- NoncanonicalStaticProcessualEntity definition "a biological state that is considered \"abnormal\"".
- NucleicAcidStructure definition "A nucleic acid is a complex, high-molecular-weight biochemical macromolecule composed of nucleotide chains that convey genetic information.".
- NucleosideMolecule definition "".
- NucleotideMolecule definition "Comment: (QCR) hasComponent exactly 1 HeterocyclicBase and hasComponent exactly 1 Phosphate and hasComponent only (Phosphate or Ribose or HeterocyclicBase) and hasComponent exactly 1 Pentose".
- ObjectQuality definition "A quality that inheres in some material or immaterial physical object.".
- OccupationalRole definition "The role that determines the occupation that characterizes the daily life of a human being or animal.".
- OligoOrPolymer definition "An oligo or polymer macromolecular structure is a molecule of moderate to high relative molecular mass, the structure of which essentially comprises the multiple repetition (n >= 2) of units derived from molecules of low relative molecular mass.".
- OneDimensionalPhysicalEntity definition "line or curve".
- Organ definition "Macroscopic, well delimited, functionally and structurally characterized part of an organism. Exact criteria of what an organ is do not exist.".
- OrganicMolecularEntity definition "Substances containing carbon and its derivatives as their prinicipal elements, usually combined with itself and with atoms of one or more other element such as hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur, phosphorus, chlorine or fluorine. They exist in either carbon chain or carbon ring form. Excludes carbides, carbonates and carbon oxides.".
- OrganismAction definition "Action that has some organism as agent".
- OrganismByDevelopmentalStagePartition definition "Ontologically irrelevant partitioning node. Used for improving ontology housekeeping. Its purpose is to express that all subclasses are mutually disjoint.".
- OrganismInteraction definition "action in which single biological organisms interact".
- OrganismPart definition "A well defined and circumscribed subdivision of an organism, not any arbitrary part. Macroscopic organism parts may be delimited mainly by natural boundaries but always exhibit at least small regions of fiat boundaries. An organism part may derive from an organism, i.e. it may continue to exist even when the organism does not exist any longer.".
- OrganismProcess definition "any biological process that involves a whole organism".
- Organization definition "collection of human or legal entities".
- ParentRole definition "the role an organism plays in relation to its children".
- Particular definition "From an universalist point of view most BioTop classes can be considered the extension of universals. \n\nHowever, BioTop does not claim that all of its classes are the extension of universals and is agnostic with regard to the existence of universals and the delineation between universals and non-universals.".
- PathologicalDisposition definition "any kind of disposition considered non-canonical. The criteria of canonicity are not further specified. \nThe classification of certain dispositions as dysfunctional or pathological is dependent on a historic and cultural context. Dysfunction or disease therefore hasn't the status of a universal.".
- PathologicalProcess definition "a biological process which is non-canonic".
- PathologicalStructure definition "biological structure that is non-canonic".
- PathologicalValueRegion definition "state of an organism or an organism part requiring therapeutic or palliative intervention".
- PhysicalBoundary definition "A independent physical entity that bounds or demarcates some other physical entity. Commonly viewed as a lower-dimensional part, the the notion of physical boundary here also encompasses ill-delimited spaces that fulfill the same function, e.g. biological joints.".
- PhysicalForce definition "force as defined by physics (mass + acceleration)".
- PhysicalLength definition "physical length (e.g. in meters)".
- PhysicalMass definition "Mass (gravity independent) - not weight. Measured in g, kg, ...".
- PhysicalProcessualEntity definition "process that only involves non-biological participants".
- PhysicalState definition "Quality of being solid, liquid, gaseous, ... [steschu20080127]".
- PhysicalVolume definition "Volume of three-dimensional objects - third potency of length".
- PhysicianRole definition "The role a physician plays".
- Plan definition "A plan is an information entity that describes a series of steps to be carried out in order to achiev a goal. Plans can only be realized by processes.".
- Plant definition "Organism of the kingdom Plantae.".
- PluralityOfOrganisms definition "Collection of two or more organisms of the same sort.".
- PointInTime definition "typically the boundary of a time interval".
- PoisonRole definition "The role of a substance of mixture of substance of a defined amount thereof to be toxic to (parts of) biological organisms".
- PolyMolecularCompositeEntity definition "An object which contains several molecules, has direct parts (components) of different types and which changes its ontological nature if subdivided. It must have clear unity and identity criteria.".
- Population definition "Collection of Organisms of a defined taxon living in a given geographic area. In contrast to the \"official\" definition (\"same species\") this definition is broader and corresponds better to the use of the term in some contexts (e.g. \"mixed population of 2 species\")".
- PortionOfHeterogenousLiquid definition "Liquid constituted by different kinds of collectives, e.g. aqueous NaCl solution".
- PortionOfHeterogenousSolid definition "Solid constituted by different kinds of collectives, e.g. a NaCl crystal, granite".
- PreventiveRole definition "The role an action plays if it is intended to protect an organism against negative external influences.".
- Process definition "Process is in BioTop the generic subsumer of anything that \"occurs\". \nProcesses can span across time and have temporal parts (i.e. there is no time in which all parts of a process are simultaneously present). \n\nA special kind of process is the event, which has no temporal extension. It can be regarded as Process Boundary (BFO).\n\n\nProcesses have physical or informational entities as participants.".
- ProcessQuality definition "A quality that inheres in some process".
- Prokaryote definition "Cell lacking membrane enclosed organells".
- Protist definition "Organisms of the kingdom Protista".
- Proton definition "Positively Charged Particle".
- RNAChain definition "any kind of NucleicAcid that is composed of Ribonucleotides which are not Deoxyribonucleotides".
- ReagentRole definition "A role a chemical plays as participant in a chemical reation".
- ReceptorRole definition "The role a (membrane) protein or protein complex plays in acting as a receptor.".
- RegulationOrLaw definition "set of rules governing a particular kind of activity (WordNet)".
- ResearcherRole definition "the role a human plays if he / she is involved in research activities".
- Role definition "A role is a realizable entity the manifestation of which brings about some result or end that is not essential to its bearer in virtue of the kind of thing that it is, but that can be served or participated in by that kind of continuant entity in some kinds of natural, social or institutional\ncontexts.".
- SiblingRole definition "the role an organism plays in relation to another organism that has the same parents".
- SignOrSymptomRole definition "A role that can inhere in states, processes, or even in certain independent continuants (e.g. in a deformity). This a role is ascribed to an entity in a diagnostic process where the symptom is suspected to indicate a second state or process)".
- SignallingRole definition "The role of a biological entity that participates in a biological signalling process.".
- SocialBehavior definition "Behaviour of a group of organisms".
- SpatialReferenceRole definition "The role attributed to a - mainly fiat - part of an object that is the site of some process or the location of some object of interest.".
- StateOfMatter definition "States of matter are the distinct forms that different phases of matter take on.".
- StateOfMatterValueRegion definition "Values that a states of matter can have, e.g. liquid, solid.".
- Steroid definition "One of a group of polycyclic, 17-carbon-atom, fused-ring compounds occurring both in natural and synthetic forms. Included here are naturally occurring and synthetic steroids, bufanolides, cardanolides, homosteroids, norsteroids, and secosteroids. (UMLS SN)".
- StructuredBiologicalCompoundByCanonicityPartition definition "StructuredBiologicalCompoundByCanonicityPartition\n\nontologically irrelevant partition node".
- StructuredBiologicalEntity definition "Corresponds to FMA anatomical structure but extends to any kind of orgnaism: Material anatomical entity which is generated by coordinated expression of the organism's own genes that guide its morphogenesis; has inherent 3D shape; its parts are connected and spatially related to one another in patterns determined by coordinated gene expression. Examples: heart, right ventricle, mitral valve, myocardium, endothelium, lymphocyte, fibroblast, thorax, cardiovascular system, hemoglobin, T cell receptor.\nOld name: anatomical structure".
- StructuredNonbiologicalCompound definition "All those things that are not identified by belonging to any biological species\nBorderline cases are artifacts that use biological substance (a table, a cloth, a house, a meal ...) A criterion to draw the boundary is whether or not the species affiliation has some structural or functional implication.".
- SubatomicEntityByChargePartition definition "SubatomicEntityByChargePartition\n\nontologically irrelevant node: disjoint partition: subatomic entity by charge".
- SubatomicParticle definition "Parts of Atoms.".
- SubjectOfCareRole definition "the role an animal or human plays as receiver of health care".
- SubstanceInteraction definition "action in which molecular entities interact".
- Syncytium definition "Fusion of cells".
- TaxonQuality definition "The quality of one or more biological organisms, as well as of parts of organism of partaining to a biological taxon. [steschu20080127]".
- TaxonValueRegion definition "abstract region in which the values of biological taxa are located (cf. Schulz et.al ISMB 2008). Biological taxa can be ascribed not only to organisms but also to ogranism parts, derivates, as well as populations.".
- TherapeuticRole definition "1. The role of a continuant participating in a process with an expected positive impact on a dysfunctional biological system.\n2. The role of a process with an expected positive impact on a dysfunctional biological system.".
- Time definition "Point or interval on the time axis".
- TimeInterval definition "the interval between two time points".
- Tissue definition "Aggregate of an arbitrary number of congeneric cells (cells with identical specialized characteristics), embedded into an amount of matter (matrix) that work together to perform a specific function.".
- TissueProcess definition "process occurring in a tissue".
- TreatingCondition definition "action with the intention to relieve or disrupt a malfunctioning of a biological entity".
- TreatingOrganism definition "action with the intention to produce a positive effect on a biological organism".
- TwoDimensionalBoundary definition "plane bounding a three-dimensional biological entity".
- TwoDimensionalPhysicalEntity definition "plane".
- ValueRegion definition "A value region is an abstract region in which (non quantitative) values of qualities are located.".
- Virus definition "Sub-microscopic agent that requires a host cell to grow and reproduce. Viruses resemble other organisms in that they possess genes, and can evolve in infected cells by natural selection. We therefore classify viruses as organisms, although there is an open debate.".
- VitaminRole definition "The role a certain substance can play in an organism. Vitamins are organic compounds that are essential to an organism for metabolic reactions. They are not food. Vitamin does not include essential fatty acids or essential amino acids".
- WaterMolecule definition "A water molecule is composed by one oxygen molecule and two hydrogen molecules".
- Wave definition "(wikipedia) disturbance that propagates through space and time, usually with transference of energy".
- abstractlyRelatedTo definition "Relation in which immaterial entities (information entities, roles, qualities) are involved. \n\nabstractlyRelatedTo is meant as an organizing parent. It should not be asserted.".
- agentIn definition "agentIn (inverse: hasAgent) relates a participant with a process, with the condition that this participant is causally active in the relevant process.\nThis is the reason why agentIn is subsumed by the relation causedBy. \n\nExample: A physician is the agent in a opeeration process; a solvent is the agent in a solving process.".
- attachedTo definition "Contiguous with a clear bona fide boundary between the connected parts.\nSchulz S, Hahn U. Towards the ontological foundations of symbolic biological theories.\nArtif Intell Med. 2007 Mar;39(3):237-50. PMID: 17321118".
- bearerOf definition "inheresIn (inverse: bearerOf) relates a quality, role, function, disposition, or information object with the physical entity it depends on.\n\n(Note that for processes there is a separate relation pair \"hasProcessQuality\" and \"processQualityOf\")\n\nExample: a color inheres in a paint, the ability to fly inheres in a bird, or a pdf file inheres in a USB stick.".
- causallyRelatedTo definition "Expresses a causal chain between material or processual entities.\n\ncausallyRelatedTo is meant as an organizing parent. It should not be asserted.".
- causedBy definition "Causation of a process is here understood as the disjunction between agency (a continuant causes a process) and as the realization of a disposition, i.e. a disposition is considered the cause of a process.".
- causes definition "Causation of a process is here understood as the disjunction between agency (a continuant causes a process) and as the realization of a disposition, i.e. a disposition is considered the cause of a process.".
- componentPartOf definition "The non-transitive relation hasComponentPart (inverse: componentPartOf) relates components with a compound. Components strictly partition the compound, and the compound is the mereological sum of its components. A loss of some component affects the integrity of the compound, and possibly the type it instantiates, e.g. a complete vs. a defective organism. \n\nThe choice of what is a component of a compound is somewhat arbitrary, because there are several ways to divide a whole into parts. Strictly spoken, this relation should refer to some partition.\n\nComponents should be - at least - partly bona fide parts. The use of this relation also requires the commitment to an underlying granularity level. So could we consider the codons (base triples) as the components of a DNA molecule but also the single nucleotides. Note that components of a compound may also be portions of matter.\n\nExamples: my liver is a component of my organism, a carboxy group is a component of some organic acid molecule.".
- contiguousWith definition "ContiguousWith describes the connection between two material objects that abut and can transmit forces.".
- derivesFrom definition "DerivesFrom (inverse: derivedInto) holds between distinct material objects when one succeeds the other across a temporal divide in such a way that at least a biologically significant portion of the matter of the earlier object is included into the later. \n\nThere is some instant of time t such that the first object exists only prior to and the second one only subsequent to t. \n\nThese relations are borrowed from the OBO Relation Ontology\n\nExample:\n\"Three simple kinds of instance-level derivation can then be distinguished (Figure 3): first, the succession of one single continuant by another single continuant across a temporal threshold (for example, this blastocyst derives from this zygote); second, the fusion of two or more continuants into one continuant (for example, this zygote derives from this sperm and from this ovum); and third, the fission of an earlier single continuant to create a plurality of later continuants (for example, these promyelocytes derive from this myeoloblast). \" from http://genomebiology.com/2005/6/5/R46".
- encodes definition "EncodedBy (inverse: encodes) relates entities with symbols, which are information entities. In contrast to denotation, encoding entails that the makeup of the encoded entity is determined by the code. There is a dependence of the former on the latter. Note that the association of human-made codes with entities (e.g. for coding and classification systems like ICD-10) is nothing more than denotation and is therefore not in the scope of the encodedBy (encodes) relation.\n\nExample: A material gene sequence is related to a sequence of nucleotide symbols (like ACCGATTGA)".