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Matches in Ghent University Academic Bibliography for { ?s <http://schema.org/abstract> ?o. }

• 01GQ8MZZQ8B30ZJQ95N9SHE0HJ abstract "The European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR) confirmed the application of the right to freedom of expression under Article 10 of the European Convention on Human Rights (ECHR) in relation to a conviction for offending religious feelings of others through publicly insulting the Bible. As the statements expressed in an interview for a news website did not amount to hate speech and were neither an abusive attack, nor threatening public order, the ECtHR found a violation of Article 10 ECHR.".
• 01GQ8NDVJ9RB1J3J44ATAVER8A abstract "The European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR) dismissed the complaint of a Spanish rapper who has been convicted to a prison sentence because some of his songs justified or publicly praised terrorism. The ECtHR agreed with the findings by the Spanish courts that the songs and videos available on YouTube and on Facebook justified and glorified terrorism and incited hatred and enmity on various grounds. Therefore the ECtHR dismissed the rappers complaint regarding the alleged violation of this right to freedom of expression as guaranteed under Article 10 of the European Convention on Human Rights (ECHR).".
• 01GQ8NRZTSHSPAM2S2HW6XMG9X abstract "The European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR) delivered a judgment concerning defamation proceedings against a journalist following the publication of an article in a weekly newspaper on alleged judicial corruption. The journalist also complained about an injunction ordering to take down the article from the newspaper’s website pending the examination of the defamation case. The ECtHR found that the domestic courts in holding the journalist liable for defamation did not perform the required balancing exercise between the conflicting interests of the right to reputation and the right to freedom of expression under Article 8 and 10 of the European Convention on Human Rights (ECHR). The ECtHR found however that the interim injunction to remove the article from the newspaper’s website did not constitute a disproportionate interference with the journalist’s right to freedom of expression.".
• 01GQ8P5XKAAN1F0C9EWZP4KYGP abstract "In a decision of 18 October 2022 the European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR) saw no reason to consider a violation of the right to privacy and reputation based on Article 8 of the European Convention on Human Rights (ECHR). It declared an application by Artur Mas Gavarró, the former President of the Government of the Autonomous Community of Catalonia manifestly ill-founded, after the Spanish courts had dismissed Gavarró’s complaint against the newspaper El Mundo for alleged criminal defamation. The ECtHR confirms that criminal-law provisions on defamation can only be applied in very strict circumstances to be in accordance with the right to freedom of expression as guaranteed under Article 10 ECHR. The decision of the ECtHR further clarifies that a civil libel action or a request for a correction or rectification could have been a less intrusive interference with the right to freedom of expression in order to safeguard Mas Gavarró’s right to protection of his personal reputation.".
• 01GQ8Q59CB4NJMXFTXZKE9GW80 abstract "On 27 July 2022, in RT France v Council, the General Court of the European Union (‘General Court’) found that the ban on RT France in the EU did not violate the right to freedom of expression and media freedom, under Article 11 of the EU Charter of Fundamental Rights. Notably, the General Court sought to apply principles from case law of the European Court of Human Rights and international human rights law. This article argues that there are serious questions to be raised over the General Court’s reasoning in RT France, and the judgment arguably represents a deeply-problematic application of European and international free expression principles.".
• 01GQ8R01706Z8YZ0RJ5HAX3YGD abstract "Dit artikel geeft een overzicht van de ontwikkeling van de beleidsplannen inzake anti-SLAPP door de EU met verwijzing ook naar documenten van de Raad van Europa en de VN) en presenteert een aantal voorbeelden van SLAPPs in België. Het artikel wijst op een aantal pistes ter preventie of sanctionering van misbruik van rechtsprocedures tegen personen die zich engageren in het publieke debat.".
• 01GQ8RY1DADZDP4FNPTT8M0YTG abstract "Deze bijdrage argumenteert dat de strafbaarstelling van het aanzetten tot racisme en vreemdelingenhaat, de wet die de ontkenning van de Holocaust en van genocides strafbaar stelt, de seksismewet en het bestraffen van het in het openbaar aanzetten tot discriminatie, haat of geweld zoals het in de Belgische wetgeving is ingeschreven geen strijd oplevert met de vrijheid van meningsuiting, zoals beschermd door de Grondwet en het EVRM. Tegelijk moet deze wetgeving ook effectief, in rechte afdwingbaar zijn. De bevoegdheid van het hof van assisen inzake drukpersmisdrijven heeft evenwel geleid tot een feitelijke strafrechtelijke immuniteit voor een ruime categorie van uitingsmisdrijven (via teksten, gedrukt of online), en daarom moet dringend gezocht worden naar een oplossing om de effectieve vervolging van allerlei vormen van strafbare haatspraak (via teksten) mogelijk te maken. Een basisvoorwaarde is wel dat de rechtspraak, conform de jurisprudentie van het Grondwettelijk Hof en het Europees Hof voor de Rechten van de Mens (EHRM) op goed gemotiveerde en consistente wijze een hoog beschermingsniveau blijft waarborgen voor de (politieke) expressievrijheid en het voeren van het publieke debat. Bovendien moet meer toepassing worden gemaakt van diverse vormen van alternatieve bestraffing die kunnen bijdragen aan het maatschappelijk bestrijden van aanzetten tot discriminatie, haat of geweld tegen personen en groepen. Het strafbaar stellen en effectief vervolgen van haatmisdrijven moet overigens gepaard gaan met tal van andere maatregelen en initiatieven om haatspraak in te dijken en expressie- en persvrijheid nog beter te waarborgen.".
• 01GQ8T76A1KMC1P57A2NMBR2QK abstract "Critical analysis of Article 4 of the EU proposal of a Media Freedom Act (Regulation): the blog argues that the formulation of Article 4 which aims at strenghtening and harmonising in the EU the protection of journalistic sources risks rather to be a step backwards in the protection of journalistic sources. The actual provision does not guarantee the level of protection that all EU member states should already respect with regard the protection of journalists’ sources in application of Article 10 ECHR as developed in the well-established case law of the European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR) on this topic. The blog also suggests some amenments/improvements in order to make Article 4 reach its aims.".
• 01GQ9HH0JQ59YYBQKBY0BPD3QR abstract "Within the framework of constrained statistical inference, we can test informative hypotheses, in which, for example, regression coefficients are constrained to have a certain direction or be in a specific order. A large amount of frequentist informative test statistics exist that each come with different versions, strengths and weaknesses. This paper gives an overview about these statistics, including the Wald, the LRT, the Score, the (F) over bar- and the D-statistic. Simulation studies are presented that clarify their performance in terms of type I and type II error rates under different conditions. Based on the results, it is recommended to use the Wald and (F) over bar -test rather than the LRT and Score test as the former need less computing time. Furthermore, it is favorable to use the degrees of freedom corrected rather than the naive mean squared error when calculating the test statistics as well as using the (F) over bar- rather than the (chi) over bar (2)-distribution when calculating the p-values.".
• 01GQ9NY5EWBT4JAK99K1V9GB97 abstract "Data analysis on tokamak plasmas is mainly based on various diagnostic systems, which are usually modularized and independent of each other. This leads to a large amount of data not being fully and effectively exploited so that it is not conducive to revealing the deep physical mechanism. In this work, Bayesian probability inference with machine learning methods have been applied to the electron cyclotron emission and Thomson scattering diagnostic systems on HL-2A/2M, and the effects of integrated data analysis (IDA) on the electron temperature of HL-2A with Bayesian probability inference are demonstrated. A program is developed to infer the whole electron temperature profile with a confidence interval, and the program can be applied in online analysis. The IDA results show that the full profile of the electron temperature can be obtained and the diagnostic information is more comprehensive and abundant with IDA. The inference models for electron temperature analysis are established and the developed programs will serve as an experimental data analysis tool for HL-2A/2M in the near future.".
• 01GQA6SZK3JVMVZ62EKS8ZDSEZ abstract "Thermosets are rigid, infusible, and unmolded materials containing three-dimensional (3D) cross-linked structures. They are considered a fundamental pillar in the international economy, which are produced by 65 million tons annually. The responsive cross-linking moieties provide the thermosets characterized with outstanding phys-icochemical properties such as stiffness, degradability, and chemical and thermal resistance. We prepared degradable thermoset materials using thioketal (TK) cross-linkers, which underwent main-chain or side change degradation in the presence of hydrogen peroxide in water. TK cross-linkers at different concentrations (5, 10, and 20% wt %) were polymerized with 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate (HEA) or with 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) and 1-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone (PD) to produce cross-linked poly-(HEA) and poly(HEMA-PD) by free radical polymerization, respectively. The resultant polymer materials completely degraded in hydrogen peroxide/water (3-30%, vol). Using isophorone diisocyanate, we also produced degradable polyurethane based on TK-bearing diol. We prepared a 3D degradable thermoset using the Direct-Ink-Writing (DIW) 3D printing technology, which was charged by diethylene glycol diacrylate (15%, wt %) and a prepolymer (isophorone diisocyanate terminated by acrylate moieties) containing diol-thioketal linkage (15%, wt %). Finally, we found that TK-poly(HEA) underwent microbial degradation by Lactobacillus jensenii at 37 degrees C, which indicates a benign eco-friendly effect.".
• 01GQB1D55CVW5PKXJHG3W80X9G abstract "Myocarditis is an inflammatory disease of the heart with viral infections being the most common aetiology. Its complex biology remains poorly understood and its clinical management is one of the most challenging in the field of cardiology. Toll-like receptors (TLRs), a family of evolutionarily conserved pattern recognition receptors, are increasingly known to be implicated in the pathophysiology of viral myocarditis. Their central role in innate and adaptive immune responses, and in the inflammatory reaction that ensues, indeed makes them prime candidates to profoundly affect every stage of the disease process. This review describes the pathogenesis and pathophysiology of viral myocarditis, and scrutinises the role of TLRs in every phase. We conclude with directions for future research in this field.".
• 01GQB1SSPHHNRAFYMP4YD284Q1 abstract "Cardiac arrhythmias are associated with cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Cardiac electrophysiology studies (EPS) use intra-cardiac catheter recording and stimulation for profound evaluation of the heart's electrical properties. The main clinical applica-tion is investigation and treatment of rhythm disorders. These techniques have been translated to the murine setting to open opportunities for detailed evaluation of the impact of different characteristics (including genetics) and interventions on cardiac electrophysiology and-pathology. Currently, a detailed description of the technique of murine transjugular EPS (which is the standard route of catheter introduction) is lacking. This article provides detailed information on EPS in mice via the transjugular route. This includes catheter placement, stimulation protocols, intracardiac tracing interpretation, artifact reduction, and surface ECG recording. In addition, reference values as obtained in C57BL/6N mice are presented for common electrophysiological pa-rameters. This detailed methodological description aims to increase accessibility and standardization of EPS in mice. Ultimately, also human research and patient care may benefit from translation of the knowledge obtained in preclinical models using this technique. NEW & NOTEWORTHY Electrophysiology studies (EPS) allow in-depth evaluation of cardiac electrophysiology and-pathology. These techniques have been adapted to the murine setting for (translational) studies, mainly focusing on arrhythmogenesis. Despite the frequent application of EPS via the transjugular route, a thorough description of the technique is currently lacking. This article aims to function as a comprehensive guide, also elaborating (for the first time) on nonsurgical aspects such as cathe-ter positioning, tracing artifacts, stimulation protocols, and reference values.".
• 01GQB2APP4C994FS3WBNXANBKJ abstract "Background and AimsThe goal of the present study was to systematically evaluate the effect of a booster vaccination with the BNT162b2 messenger RNA (mRNA; Pfizer-BioNTech (R)) vaccine on maximum oxygen uptake (VO2max), potential signs of (peri)myocarditis, and sports participation. MethodsRecreational athletes who were scheduled to undergo booster vaccination were evaluated with transthoracic echocardiography, serum measurements of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein(hsCRP) and high-sensitivity troponin I, and a bicycle cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET) with serum lactate evaluation before the booster vaccine administration. Seven days postvaccination the test battery was repeated. Additionally, the subjects were asked to fill in a questionnaire on side effects and a subjective evaluation of their relative training volume and intensity as compared to the weeks before vaccination. ResultsA group of 42 analysed athletes showed a statistically significant 2.7% decrease in VO2max after vaccination (mean standard error of mean pre: 48.6 (1.4) ml/kg/min; post: 47.3 (1.4) ml/kg/min; p = 0.004). A potentially clinically relevant decrease of 8.6% or more occurred in 8 (19%) athletes. Other CPET parameters and lactate curves were comparable. We found no serological or echocardiographic evidence of (peri)myocarditis. A slight but significant increase in hsCRP was noted 1 week after vaccination. Side effects were mild and sports participation was generally unchanged or mildly decreased after vaccination. ConclusionIn our population of recreational endurance athletes, booster vaccination with the BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine resulted in a statistically significant decrease in VO2max 7 days after vaccination. The clinical impact hereof needs to be further determined. No major adverse events were observed.".
• 01GQB2C23H4JWYB54M1VBTKZDK abstract "Clinical and animal studies have demonstrated that chemotherapeutic doxorubicin (DOX) increases arterial stiffness, a predictor of cardiovascular risk. Despite consensus about DOX-impaired endothelium-dependent vasodilation as a contributing mechanism, some studies have reported conflicting results on vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) function after DOX treatment. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of DOX on VSMC function. To this end, mice received a single injection of 4 mg DOX/kg, or mouse aortic segments were treated ex vivo with 1 mu M DOX, followed by vascular reactivity evaluation 16 h later. Phenylephrine (PE)-induced VSMC contraction was decreased after DOX treatment. DOX did not affect the transient PE contraction dependent on Ca2+ release from the sarcoplasmic reticulum (0 mM Ca2+), but it reduced the subsequent tonic phase characterised by Ca2+ influx. These findings were supported by similar angiotensin II and attenuated endothelin-1 contractions. The involvement of voltage-gated Ca2+ channels in DOX-decreased contraction was excluded by using levcromakalim and diltiazem in PE-induced contraction and corroborated by similar K+ and serotonin contractions. Despite the evaluation of multiple blockers of transient receptor potential channels, the exact mechanism for DOX-decreased VSMC contraction remains elusive. Surprisingly, DOX reduced ex vivo but not in vivo arterial stiffness, highlighting the importance of appropriate timing for evaluating arterial stiffness in DOX-treated patients.".
• 01GQB2D4GMAVFPXJZPV3A2XJ8K abstract "Background Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are a family of transmembrane pattern recognition receptors that are mainly expressed on immune cells. Recognition of various exogenous and endogenous molecular patterns activates the TLR signalling cascade, which orchestrates an inflammatory immune response. Dysfunctional immune responses, including aberrant TLR signalling, are increasingly implicated in the associations between sedentarism, chronic low-grade systemic inflammation and various non-communicable diseases. Conversely, exercise exerts anti-inflammatory effects, which could be conferred through its immunomodulatory properties, potentially affecting TLRs. This study aims to systematically review the effects of exercise on human TLR expression. Method A systematic literature search of Pubmed, Embase, The Cochrane Library and SPORTDiscus for articles addressing the impact of exercise (as isolated intervention) on TLRs in humans was conducted, ending in February 2020. Results A total of 66 articles were included. The publications were categorised according to exercise modality and duration: acute resistance exercise (4 studies), acute aerobic exercise (26 studies), resistance training program (9 studies), aerobic training program (16 studies), combined (i.e. resistance and aerobic) training program (8 studies) and chronic exercise not otherwise classifiable (9 studies). Five articles investigated more than one of the aforementioned exercise categories. Several trends could be discerned with regard to the TLR response in the different exercise categories. Acute resistance exercise seemed to elicit TLR upregulation, whereas acute aerobic exercise had less activating potential with the majority of responses being neutral or, especially in healthy participants, downregulatory. Chronic resistance and combined exercise programs predominantly resulted in unaltered or decreased TLR levels. In the chronic aerobic exercise category, mixed effects were observed, but the majority of measurements demonstrated unchanged TLR expression. Conclusion Currently published research supports an interplay between exercise and TLR signalling, which seems to depend on the characteristics of the exercise. However, there was large heterogeneity in the study designs and methodologies. Therefore, additional research is required to further corroborate these findings, to define its pathophysiological implications and to elucidate the mechanism(s) linking exercise to TLR signalling.".
• 01GQB50KSKXSTA9F48867Q0A12 abstract "Volatile anaesthetics are potent greenhouse gasses but contemporary workstations enable considerable savings while improving patient safety. Institutions may provide this technology to reduce the ecological footprint but proper training and motivation is required to maximize their ecologic and financial benefit. This study aims to compare the sevoflurane consumption of 22 anaesthesiologists in a medium-sized hospital 4 years after flow-i workstations (Getinge, Sweden) entered into service, in three airway approaches: intubated patients, laryngeal mask ventilation, and mask anaesthesia. Typical sevoflurane consumption for each anaesthesiologist was defined as the mean cumulative consumption in the chronologically first 50 cases meeting the inclusion criteria for each airway group in 2019. The potential savings, if everyone were to adopt the approach of the more economical anaesthesiologists (15th percentile), was calculated. The CO2 equivalent emissions were calculated using a GWP20 of 702 and a GWP100 of 195. The median [range] consumption after 45 min was 10.9 [7.5–18.4] ml in intubated patients and 9.0 [7.4–15.3] ml in patients with laryngeal mask, and 9.9 [3.4–20.9] ml after 8 min with mask ventilation. This corresponds to a double to sixfold consumption between the least and most wasteful approaches. The typical CO2 equivalent emissions (GWP20) per anaesthesiologist varied between 8.0 and 19.6 kg/45 min in intubated airways, between 7.9 and 16.3 kg/45 min in LMA, and between 3.6 and 22.3 kg/8 min in mask ventilation. Despite using the same workstations in the same hospital, the typical sevoflurane consumption differed dramatically between 22 anaesthesiologists. In addition to providing advanced workstations, proper education is required to achieve the behavior change needed to reduce the pollution and financial waste associated with volatile anaesthetics.".
• 01GQCHBBPA6CZV4F9ZY07XPCEB abstract "Ethiopian shade coffee plantations are well documented to be bird-friendly and act as refuges for disappearing tree species. The extent to which these plantations support mammal conservation, as well as mammal sensitivity to coffee intensification, remain little studied. We studied the distribution and diversity of mammals under three coffee management systems of differing intensities (i.e., semi-forest, semi-plantation, and plantation) and in nearby natural forests in Belete-Gera Forest Priority Area, southwestern Ethiopia. We detected mammals using 30 infrared camera traps at 90 stations for a total of 4142 camera days. We used the Shannon-Wiener diversity index for diversity analysis, generalized linear mixed model for comparison of independent detection, and non-metric multidimensional scaling to show the mammalian community composition. We recorded 8815 digital videos and a total of 23 mammal species. The overall species richness, diversity, and detection of mammals did not differ between the two traditional shade coffee management systems and the natural forest but was lower in the plantation coffee system. The mammal community composition also shows variation in resilience to coffee management intensity, with primates appearing to be generally more tolerant to management intensification. We ultimately show that traditionally managed Ethiopian shade coffee farms shelter diverse mammal communities, comparable to those in nearby natural forests. Therefore, supporting traditional coffee management practices and certifying them as mammal-friendly should be implemented as strategies for the conservation of mammals, as natural forests continue to decline in Ethiopia.".
• 01GQCHXCFWCYSPX2SB822QBEG7 abstract "Because reading comprehension is an important skill that many students struggle with, there is an urgent need to foster it. Few studies have investigated effective comprehension practices within a response-to-intervention design. Therefore, this study investigated the impact of a Tier 1 intervention implemented for 10 weeks on 491 fifth and sixth graders' reading comprehension, strategy use, and motivation by means of multilevel analyses. The Tier 1 intervention included four effective comprehension practices: strategy instruction, peer-mediated instruction, reading motivation promotion, and differentiated instruction. Results revealed no significant effects on reading comprehension, but experimental condition students increased significantly more on recreational autonomous and controlled motivation and on monitoring strategies than students in the control condition. Furthermore, struggling experimental condition students reported using significantly more monitoring and evaluating strategies than their counterparts in the control condition.".
• 01GQCKJMPN06YZ8SKDB0Z7Y3MM abstract "Designing and operating bioreactors with in-situ product removal (ISPR) can be challenging, particularly in discontinuous systems, where the ISPR and substrate feeding need to be effectively scheduled. Mathematical models can help assess different scheduling regimes in the fermentation medium and provide a means to optimise the process. Focusing on a propionate production case study, a model of a co-culture batch fermentation with electrodialysis (the ISPR system), was developed. Using this model, the product yield and/or the productivity were maximised by 1) single objective optimisation maximising the product yield (0.49 gpropionate /gglucose) or productivity (0.75 gpropionate/L/h), 2) multi objective optimisation to pursue trade-off solutions between the yield and productivity and 3) a stochastic optimisation maximising the productivity robustly (0.64 gpropionate/L/h) to account for uncertainties associated to the model parameters. With this contribution it is demonstrated that, through mathematical models, ISPR can be implemented and adapted to the user's objectives.".
• 01GQCKPJV9GH74EY7RBSWPC260 abstract "Medium chain carboxylic acids (MCCA) such as caproic acid have a plethora of applications, ranging from food addi-tives to bioplastics. MCCA can be produced via microbial chain elongation using waste and side-streams as substrates, a process that can be more sustainable than conventional production routes. Most chain elongation studies have focused on mesophilic conditions, with only two recent studies hinting at the possibility of thermophilic chain elongation, but a systematic study of its mechanisms is lacking. Here, we investigated thermophilic chain elongation from grass juice, to understand the effect of key operational parameters (pH, temperature, substrate) on the process performance and to establish the key microbial genera and their role in the system. The genus Caproiciproducens was identified as respon-sible for thermophilic chain elongation, and caproic acid production was most favorable at pH 6.0 and 50 degrees C among the conditions tested, reaching an average concentration of 3.4 g/L. Batch experiments showed that the substrate for caproic acid production were glucose and xylose, while lactic acid led to the production of only butyric acid. Fed -batch experiments showed that substrate availability and the presence of caproic acid in the system play a major role in shaping the profile of thermophilic chain elongation. The increase of the total sugar concentration by glucose addition (without changing the organic load) during continuous operation led to a microbial community dominated (75 %) by Caproiciproducens and increased by 76 % the final average caproic acid concentration to 6.0 g/L (13 gCOD/L) which represented 32 % (g/g) of the total carboxylic acids. The highest concentration achieved was 7.2 g/L (day 197) which is the highest concentration reported under thermophilic conditions thus far. The results of this work pave the way to the potential development of thermophilic systems for upgrading various underexplored abun-dant and cheap sugar-rich side-streams to caproic acid.".
• 01GQCKR8DZTZ3JVHZFV971RCN5 abstract "The production of volatile fatty acids (VFA) is gainingmomentumdue to their central role in the emerging carboxylate platform. Particularly, the production of the longest VFA (from butyrate to caproate) is desired due to their increased economic value and easier downstream processing. While the use of undefined microbial cultures is usually preferred with organic waste streams, the use of defined microbial co-culture processes could tackle some of their drawbacks such as poor control over the process outcome, which often leads to low selectivity for the desired products. However, the extensive experimentation needed to design a co-culture system hinders the use of this technology. In this work, a workflow based on the combined use of mathematical models and wet experimentation is proposed to accelerate the design of novel bioprocesses. In particular, a co-culture consisting of Pediococcus pentosaceus and Megaphaera cerevisiae is used to target the production of high-value odd- and even-carbon VFA. An unstructured kinetic model was developed, calibrated and used to design experiments with the goal of increasing the selectivity for the desired VFA, whichwere experimentally validated. In the case of even-carbon VFA, the experimental validation showed an increase of 38% in caproate yield and, in the case of enhanced odd-carbon VFA experiments, the yield of butyrate and caproate diminished by 62% and 94%, respectively, while propionate became one of the main end products and valerate yield value increased from 0.007 to 0.085 g(valearte) per g(consumed) (sugar). The workflow followed in this work proved to be a sound tool for bioprocess design due to its capacity to explore and design new experiments in silico in a fast way and ability to quickly adapt to new scenarios.".
• 01GQCV0BNZ1NER80R4TCR4JVJH abstract "Background: Long-term care facilities (LTCFs) were high-risk settings for COVID-19 outbreaks. Objective: To assess the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on LTCFs, including rates of infection, hospitalisation, case fatality, and mortality, and to determine the association between control measures and SARS-CoV-2 infection rates in residents and staff. Method: We conducted a systematic search of six databases for articles published between December 2019 and 5 November 2021, and performed meta-analyses and subgroup analyses to identify the impact of COVID-19 on LTCFs and the association between control measures and infection rate. Results: We included 108 studies from 19 countries. These studies included 1,902,044 residents and 255,498 staff from 81,572 LTCFs, among whom 296,024 residents and 36,807 staff were confirmed SARS-CoV-2 positive. The pooled infection rate was 32.63% (95%CI: 30.29 ∼ 34.96%) for residents, whereas it was 10.33% (95%CI: 9.46 ∼ 11.21%) for staff. In LTCFs that cancelled visits, new patient admissions, communal dining and group activities, and vaccinations, infection rates in residents and staff were lower than the global rate. We reported the residents’ hospitalisation rate to be 29.09% (95%CI: 25.73 ∼ 32.46%), with a case-fatality rate of 22.71% (95%CI: 21.31 ∼ 24.11%) and mortality rate of 15.81% (95%CI: 14.32 ∼ 17.30%). Significant publication biases were observed in the residents’ case-fatality rate and the staff infection rate, but not in the infection, hospitalisation, or mortality rate of residents. Conclusion: SARS-CoV-2 infection rates would be very high among LTCF residents and staff without appropriate control measures. Cancelling visits, communal dining and group activities, restricting new admissions, and increasing vaccination would significantly reduce the infection rates.".
• 01GQCV37V467AB0PZEWBZ8N7PM abstract "We address two key issues concerning bank bailout effects on depositor and bank behavior. The first is whether bailouts weaken or strengthen market discipline by depositors through deposit supplies. The second is if bailed-out banks decrease or increase their deposit demands. These questions can only be adequately addressed by analyzing the effects of bailouts on both deposit quantities and prices. We do so for the Troubled Asset Relief Program (TARP) bailouts. Overall, we find that demand changes empirically dominate supply changes, and suggest significantly reduced deposit demand from bailouts. In some cases, however, supply changes dominate and indicate weakened market discipline.".
• 01GQCV3DC3H3RTWDRBQ8XYT4G1 abstract "Feed intake data in weaned piglets is valuable to evaluate if animals meet their nutritional requirements while not overconsuming feed. The latter is particularly important during the early post-weaning period, as the digestive capacity is limited. Assessing this under commercial conditions through computer vision is often hampered, as the entire pen cannot be visualized and individual piglets cannot be identified. Therefore, a simple image classifier, not relying on pig tracking, is tested in this experiment. Two hundred eighty-eight pigs were housed in 24 pens and were monitored through camera surveillance the first 4 days post-weaning. A dataset containing 8000 images was created with a train/validation/test ratio of 70/15/15. Images were cropped around the vicinity of the feeder and carefully annotated by a human expert. Images were classified into 4 categories, being either 0, 1, 2 or 3 pigs eating from the feeder. Attention was given to exclude non-nutritional feeder visits or events where the animal lifts its head. The images were subjected to deep learning with a selection of neural network architectures such as ResNet50, ResNet50V2, VGG16, MobileNetV2 and InceptionResnetV2. ResNet50 was retained as the best-performing network. This architecture was used without its classification head as a base model. The 30 deepest network layers were set untrainable to preserve the pre-trained weights from ImageNet. In between this base model and a custom prediction layer, 2 dense layers containing each 1024 neurons were added. The model reached a precision and recall on the test dataset of 93% and 93%, respectively. During the experiment, feed intake was also measured by daily weighing excess feed. This was compared to a daily feed index, assessed by subjecting all video data to the image classification algorithm. Correlation reached an R2 of 0.90, indicating that the algorithm provides a good estimate of the actual daily feed intake in group-housed piglets during the early post-weaning period.".
• 01GQCVCS43QXYPCG6NYXWYM1V6 abstract "Teaching Point: Nasal and nasopharyngeal Rosai-Dorfman disease is a rare cause of nasal obstruction.".
• 01GQCVH1CHAR4G1510A57DJ95N abstract "Teaching Point: Balo concentric sclerosis is a rare subtype of multiple sclerosis, characterized by a concentric layered mass on magnetic resonance imaging".
• 01GQCVMNHFMB1PPTED48A18327 abstract "Teaching Point: Although Behcet disease is a multisystemic and chronic vasculitis, it can be superimposed with a variety of acute vasculitis.".
• 01GQCW3NJ5V25RT3D56HF3Y0P2 abstract "Trans-resveratrol is a natural polyphenolic compound, belonging to the class of stilbenes. It is known for its various pharmacological properties but limited bioavailability. Our objective was to evaluate for the first time the effect of an extract of Sargassum vulgare on resveratrol, piceatannol and piceid production in peanut (Arachis hypogaea) sprouts. Treatments with rising concentrations of seaweed extract were assessed in ‘Trabelsia’, ‘Chanfakhi’ and ‘American’ peanut varieties after 7 days of incubation. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry was performed to quantify targeted compounds. Total phenols and flavonoids content, PAL and TAL activity and DPPH radical scavenging activity were also determined. A significant genotype effect was demonstrated, as quite exceptionally, in ‘Trabelsia’ the resveratrol content was increased by a factor 110 by elicitation with 8% extract. Piceatannol, piceid, TPC, TFC, PAL, TAL, and DPPH radical scavenging activity confirmed the same trend. This study provides a new insight into an effective approach to enable the accumulation of resveratrol and its derivatives in peanut sprouts for use as a functional food.".
• 01GQCWMGV38VFVSQ2RKTRPME12 abstract "The prevalence of obesity and metabolic consequences such as nonalcoholic fatty liver diseases (NAFLD) has become a crucial health problem. Lifestyle modifications, especially weight loss, effectively reduces liver injury in NAFLD patients. However, adherence to lifestyle changes is very low in the clinical setting. Bariatric surgery can improve metabolic components and cause long-term weight loss. Therefore, bariatric surgery could serve as an attractive treatment option for NAFLD patients. This review integrates data about the benefits of bariatric surgery on NAFLD but also describes the potential pitfalls.".
• 01GQCZJXQ2HYWGQD32T1CYAYQC abstract "In this study, an iron-aluminum composite (IAC) coagulant was synthesized from bauxite residue, and its applicability was investigated by harvesting biomass of Chlorella vulgaris (C. vulgaris). Bauxite residue is not environmentally friendly due to its high alkalinity that could pose a risk for living organisms. In this study, the conversion of the bauxite residue into IAC coagulant was done, which delivered safe utilization of bauxite residue to reduce its deteriorating impact on the environment. The prepared IAC coagulant was characterized by scanning electron microscope, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and ICP-MS (inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer). Concurrently, the applicability of the IAC was examined by harvesting the biomass of a freshwater microalgae: C. vulgaris from culture media. Several parameters (dosage, settling time, pH, biomass concentration, and age of culture) were also optimized to achieve the maximum efficiency of IAC coagulant. It was found that the 0.92 g biomass of C. vulgaris can be effectively removed from a liter of culture media by using 0.2 g of IAC in 120 min of contact time, leaving no residual metals (aluminum and iron) in aqueous media. This study showed that IAC coagulant is an efficient coagulant due to simple steps of synthesis, its high efficacy, low dose requirements, relatively short settling time, its integrity with cells, and generating no secondary pollutions.".
• 01GQD6WTY39HDEEVD7Y5MER9S7 abstract "To evaluate the clinical outcomes of resin composite CAD/CAM restorations in a prospective cohort study, and to assess patient and operator satisfaction after restoration placement, 59 indirect resin composite were placed by supervised undergraduate students, of which 43 restorations were followed over a mean period of 28 months (14-44 months) and evaluated using USPHS criteria. Patient and operator satisfaction levels were assessed using a visual analogue scale (VAS) after restoration placement. A total of 37 patients and 47 restorations were included for further study. Four teeth were extracted-three due to extensive drug-induced secondary caries in the same patient, and one tooth due to large periapical periodontitis after 44 months of service. The overall survival rate was 91.4%, and success rate was 87.2%. Differences between baseline and endpoint scores were significant for marginal discoloration (p < 0.05) and adaptation (p < 0.001). Color match (p < 0.05) and surface texture (p < 0.001) differed significantly, affecting all restoration types. VAS scores for patient and operator satisfaction showed a significant rank correlation (p < 0.01), and pairwise comparison showed significant differences for mean overall patient and operator VAS scores (p < 0.001). Lava Ultimate CAD/CAM may be considered a suitable material for overlays and endocrown restorations when combined with IDS, air abrasion, and MDP-containing adhesive systems. Marginal disintegration may present in inlays and onlays over time.".
• 01GQDKD51HYD68M7ZF1TKRNXWV abstract "BACKGROUND: Adenomyosis is a benign gynecologic condition arising from the uterine junctional zone. Recent studies suggest a relationship between adenomyosis and adverse obstetrical outcomes, but evidence remains conflicting. There is no large-scale study investigating obstetrical outcomes in women with adenomyosis using the gold standard of histopathologic diagnosis.OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of adverse obstetrical and neonatal outcomes in women with histopathologic adenomyosis and that of the general (Dutch) population.STUDY DESIGN: This retrospective population-based study used 2 Dutch national databases (Perined, the perinatal registry, and the nationwide pathology databank [Pathologisch Anatomisch Landelijk Geautomiseerd Archief], from 1995 to 2018) to compare obstetrical outcomes in women before histopathologic adenomyosis diagnosis to the general Dutch popu-lation without registered histopathologic adenomyosis. The adjusted odds ratios (95% confidence interval) were calculated for adverse obstetrical outcomes. The outcomes were adjusted for maternal age, parity, ethnicity, year of registered birth, induction of labor, hypertensive disorders in previous pregnancies, multiple gestation, and low socioeconomic status.RESULTS: The pregnancy outcomes of 7925 women with histopathologic adenomyosis were compared with that of 4,615,803 women without registered adenomyosis. When adjusted for confounders, women with adenomyosis had adjusted odds ratios of 1.37 (95% confidence interval, 1.25-1.50) for hypertensive disorders, 1.37 (95% confidence interval, 1.25-1.51) for preeclampsia, 1.15 (95% confidence interval, 1.07-1.25) for small-for-gestational-age infants, 1.54 (95% confidence interval, 1.41-1.68) for emergency cesarean delivery, 1.24 (95% confidence interval, 1.12-1.37) for failure to progress, 1.29 (95% confidence interval, 1.10-1.48) for placental retention, and 1.23 (95% confidence interval, 1.10-1.38) for postpartum hemorrhage. No increased risk of HELLP (hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes, and low platelet count) syndrome, placental abruption, or operative vaginal delivery or need for oxytocin stimulation was found.CONCLUSION: Women with a histopathologic diagnosis of adeno-myosis showed an increased prevalence of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy and small-for-gestational-age infants, failure to progress in la -bor, and placental retention compared with the general population in pre-vious pregnancies. This suggests that uterine (contractile) function in labor and during pregnancy is impaired in women with adenomyosis.".
• 01GQDKWGS4YKZYEZMTF137JRYJ abstract "Research question: To explore normal uterine contractile function across the menstrual cycle using a novel quantitative ultrasound method. Design: This multicentre prospective observational study took place in three European centres from 2014 to 2022. Uterine contraction frequency (contractions/minute), amplitude, direction (cervix-to-fundus, C2F; fundus-to-cervix; F2C), velocity and coordination were investigated. Features were extracted from transvaginal ultrasound recordings (TVUS) using speckle tracking. Premenopausal women >= 18 years of age, with normal, natural menstrual cycles were included. A normal cycle was defined as: regular (duration 28 +/- 2 days), no dysmenorrhoea, no menometrorrhagia. Four-minute TVUS were performed during the menstrual phase, mid-follicular, late follicular phase, early luteal phase and/or late luteal phase. Of the 96 recordings available from 64 women, 70 were suitable for inclusion in the analysis. Results: Contraction frequency (for the posterior wall) and velocity (for the anterior uterine wall in the F2C direction) were highest in the late follicular phase and lowest in the menstrual and late luteal phases (1.61 versus 1.31 and 1.35 contractions/min, P < 0.001 and 0.81 versus 0.67 and 0.62 mm/s, P < 0.001, respectively). No significant difference was found for contraction amplitude. Contraction coordination (simultaneous contraction of the anterior and posterior walls in the same direction) was least coordinated in the mid-follicular phase (P = 0.002). Conclusions: This is the first study to objectively measure uterine contraction features in healthy women during the natural menstrual cycle on TVUS. Likewise, it introduces contraction coordination as a specific feature of uterine peristalsis. Differences in uterine contractility across the menstrual cycle are confirmed, with highest activity seen in the late follicular phase, and lowest in the late luteal phase.".
• 01GQDMGR20QGBXF0DC2YDCMNQF abstract "Objective: To assess the incidence of ovarian cancer in women with histologically proven endometriosis after bilateral salpingooophorectomy (BSO). Design: Retrospective nationwide cohort study. Setting: Dutch pathology database. Patient(s): Women with histologically proven endometriosis who had undergone BSO between 1990 and 2015 (n = 7,984). This study consists of 2 control cohorts: women with histologically proven endometriosis without BSO (n = 42,633) and women with a benign dermal nevus (n = 132,535). Intervention(s): Observational study. Main Outcome Measure(s): Number of histologic diagnoses of (extra)ovarian cancers. Incidence rate ratios (IRR) were estimated for (extra-)ovarian cancer. The number needed to treat was calculated. Result(s): We identified 9 (0.1%) (extra-)ovarian cancers in the BSO cohort and 170 (0.4%) and 444 (0.3%) ovarian cancers in the endometriosis and nevus control cohorts, respectively. We found an age-adjusted IRR of 0.34 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.15-0.76) when the BSO cohort was compared with the endometriosis cohort. Comparing the BSO cohort with the nevus control cohort resulted in an age-adjusted IRR of 0.38 (95% CI, 0.17-0.85). The number needed to treat when the BSO cohort was compared with the endometriosis control cohort was 351 (95% CI, 272-591). Conclusion(s): In this nationwide study, we found that the (extra-)ovarian cancer incidence in women with histologically proven endometriosis decreased to less than the background population risk after BSO. Additionally, we found a significant reduction of the incidence of ovarian cancer when compared with women with histologically proven endometriosis without BSO. Endometriosis surgery could in the future be a preventive strategy in women with endometriosis and a high-risk profile for ovarian cancer. (C) 2022 by American Society for Reproductive Medicine.".
• 01GQDMSAK5PYWXGC9X7J0C9RV4 abstract "Study objectives: To assess the effect of adenomyosis, endometriosis and combined adenomyosis and endometriosis, diagnosed on MRI, on IVF/ICSI outcomes versus male subfertility controls. Study Design: This single-centre matched retrospective cohort study was carried out at Catharina Hospital in Eindhoven, The Netherlands. The study group consisted of infertile women undergoing their first, fresh embryo transfer during IVF/ICSI, with adenomyosis only (N = 36), endometriosis only (N = 61), and combined adenomyosis and endometriosis (N = 93) based on MRI. The control group consisted of IVF/ICSI patients undergoing treatment due to male subfertility (N = 889). 1:2 case-control matching based on age during IVF/ICSI, parity and number of embryos transferred was performed. Odds ratios were calculated for biochemical pregnancy, ongoing pregnancy and live birth rate versus matched male subfertility controls, and were corrected for embryo quality. Results: Only the combined adenomyosis and endometriosis group showed a significantly reduced OR for biochemical pregnancy (p = 0.004, OR 0.453 (95% CI :(0.284-0.791)), ongoing pregnancy (p = 0.001, OR 0.302 (95% CI: (0.167-0.608)) and live birth (p = 0.001, OR 0.309 (95% CI: (0.168-0.644)) compared to matched male subfertility controls. Conclusions: The lower (ongoing) pregnancy and live birth rates in the combined adenomyosis and endometriosis women can be attributed to more severe disease in these women, ultimately resulting in increased chances for failed implantation and miscarriage. This highlights the importance of screening for adenomyosis in endometriosis patients, and identifies these women target for additional (hormonal) treatment prior to IVF/ICSI.".
• 01GQDMZ18DZQXFQT01TT6CRSF6 abstract "We aim to compare endometrial cancer survival in women with or without histological proven endometriosis or adenomyosis. We identified all women with endometrial cancer between 1990 and 2015 from the Netherlands Cancer Registry (NCR). Data were linked to the Dutch pathology database (PALGA) to select all women with histological proven endometriosis/adenomyosis. Overall survival was compared between women with endometrial cancer with or without endometriosis/adenomyosis. We used multivariable Cox proportional hazard analysis to estimate hazard ratios (HRs). We included 1701 women with endometrial cancer and endometriosis/adenomyosis, of whom 1236 (72.7%) women had adenomyosis, 320 (18.8%) had endometriosis and 145 (8.5%) had both. We compared these women to 39 139 women with endometrial cancer without endometriosis/adenomyosis. Women in the combined endometriosis/adenomyosis cohort were younger at endometrial cancer diagnosis, had earlier disease stage, more often had endometrioid endometrial cancer and low grade tumors. The 5-year survival rate in the combined endometriosis/adenomyosis cohort was 84.8% (95% CI 84.6-88.1) and 71.6% (95% CI 71.1-72.0) in the nonendometriosis/adenomyosis cohort. Univariable analysis resulted in a crude HR of 0.63 (95% CI 0.59-0.69). Significant confounding factors were age, stage, cancer subtype, histological grading, surgery and chemotherapy rate. Correction for these confounders resulted in a HR of 0.98 (95% CI 0.90-1.06). Including endometriosis/adenomyosis status as a categorical factor resulted in similar HRs. In conclusion, women with endometrial cancer and histologically proven endometriosis/adenomyosis have a better overall survival when compared to women with endometrial cancer without endometriosis/adenomyosis. This better survival was correlated to stage, grade, age and histological subtype, but not to the presence of endometriosis/adenomyosis.".
• 01GQEPTV3JJMJY9TVZ65626FQ8 abstract "Abstract ECG Title: The effect of a structured oral healthcare programme on oral hygiene in nursing homes in Flanders (Belgium). Authors: Janssens L 1, Janssens B1 Affiliation: ELOHA (Equal Lifelong Oral Health for All) research group, Gerodontology, Oral Health Sciences, Ghent University, Belgium Aim: To evaluate the oral hygiene of residents of nursing homes being part of a structured oral healthcare programme (Gerodent) in Flanders (Belgium) and compare the results with previously collected data on oral hygiene in nursing homes in Flanders. Further research will compare the results also to a control group in a clustered cross-sectional study. Background: Gerodent is a complex, long-term (6 to 11 years) intervention comprising preventive and curative components, including a mobile dental team visiting each participating nursing home every 6 months. Previous research showed a positive effect of Gerodent on the clinical treatment needs of the nursing home residents, and on the knowledge and attitude of the nursing staff. No research was conducted so far on the oral hygiene effects of the programme. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study with dental plaque (Turesky index, Sillness & Loë index) and denture plaque (Augsburger & Elahi index) as the two primary outcome variables. For the sample size calculation, the proportion of edentulous residents was estimated at 44%, and at 75% for residents with full or partial dentures(1). The sample size calculation also considered the future study. A clinically relevant difference in both plaque indices was discussed and set at 0.8 (SD=1,3, Intra Class Correlation 0,05) for dental plaque(2), and at 0.7 (SD=0,91, ICC 0,25) for denture plaque(3). Sample size calculation yielded 12 clusters (nursing homes) of 15 participants in both the intervention and control group. A two-step randomisation was applied, first at nursing home level, then at resident level. The residents in each cluster were proportionally stratified according to the size of the different wards. Nursing home personnel and participants were blinded to the moment of data collection. Examiners were trained and calibrated to assess dental plaque levels (Sillness & Loë index, Turesky index), denture plaque levels (Augsburger & Elahi) and tongue plaque (Winkel). Moreover, data on the presence of daily oral care materials was collected. Data collection was conducted in 2020-2022. The results were compared to the outcomes of a previously conducted study in nursing homes in Flanders evaluating the effectiveness of a similar preventive oral health care intervention, nevertheless excluding mobile curative care(3). Results: Assessment took place of 172 residents in 12 nursing homes with a mean age of 86 (SD 10), 73,8% being female and high care-dependency (82% of residents Katz scale B, C or Cd). The mean Sillness & Loë dental plaque level, denture plaque score and tongue plaque were 2,0 (SD 0,56; n=81; max=3), 1,7 (SD 0,8; n=114; max=4) and 4,3 (SD 3,5; n=171; max 12) respectively. Comparing the present results with those of the study published in 2012 previous dental plaques scores were better at baseline (1,47; SD 0,77) and at T1 (1,58; SD 0,79). For denture plaque, the present results scored significantly better compared to baseline (2,14; SD 0,91) and similar to T1 (1,99; SD 1). Furthermore, among the dentate residents 5% had no toothbrush or toothpaste. Half of denture wearing residents lacked a denture brush and only 2% of dentate residents had interdental brushes. Discussion: Levels of dental plaque remain high, despite the implementation of the complex oral health intervention ‘Gerodent’. Although differences in dental and denture plaque could be found compared to the previous study, these differences remain below the clinically relevant difference that was discussed in the methods section. This could be attributed to an insufficient effect of the intervention itself, or to changes in the profile of the residents over time. The participants in the present study had higher levels of care-dependency, a higher mean age and a higher average number of medications compared to the previous study. Data from the control group in the future study will be important to distinguish the cohort effects from the effects of the intervention. For dentate residents, a minority lacked the right material for daily oral care (toothbrush and toothpaste), while interdental brushes were rarely found. Half of denture-wearing residents had no denture brush, despite purchasing policies of the included nursing homes and regular individual advice by the dental team. These results may show a remaining lack of priority for daily oral care, or a problematic communication flow between nursing staff or towards the respective families, who are often responsible for the oral care materials. Finally, data collection was carried out during the Covid-19 pandemic, which had a negative impact on the workload and stress levels of the nursing staff, possibly leading to lower prioritisation of daily oral care. Conclusion: Oral hygiene in nursing home residents remains insufficient and the results were comparable to a previous intervention study. 1. De Visschere LM, Grooten L, Theuniers G, Vanobbergen JN, L.M. DV, L. G, et al. Oral hygiene of elderly people in long-term care institutions–a cross-sectional study. Gerodontology. 2006;23(4):195–204. 2. Barbe AG, Kottmann HE, Derman SHM, Noack MJ. Efficacy of regular professional brushing by a dental nurse for 3 months in nursing home residents—A randomized, controlled clinical trial. Int J Dent Hyg. 2019 Nov;17(4):327–35. 3. De Visschere L, Schols J, van der Putten G-JJ, De Baat C, Vanobbergen J, L. DV, et al. Effect evaluation of a supervised versus non-supervised implementation of an oral health care guideline in nursing homes: a cluster randomised controlled clinical trial. Gerodontology. 2012 Jun;29(2):e96-106.".
• 01GQEQJR51TBQD6YC23HXXV94V abstract "Title: Experiences and preferences of nursing home residents on professional on-site oral healthcare in Flanders (Belgium). Authors: Janssens L 1, Janssens B1 Affiliation: ELOHA (Equal Lifelong Oral Health for All) research group, Gerodontology, Oral Health Sciences, Ghent University, Belgium Purpose: To evaluate the complex oral health intervention ‘Gerodent’ and to assess the preferences and needs of nursing home residents for their professional oral health care. Theory: Gerodent is a complex, long-term (6 to 11 years) intervention comprising preventive and curative components, including a mobile dental team visiting each participating nursing home every 6 months. Gerodent aims to offer accessible and affordable professional oral health care for care-dependent frail elderly. Quantitative research has shown a positive effect on the clinical treatment needs of the nursing home residents, and on the knowledge and attitude of the nursing staff. Methods: Semi-structured face-to-face interviews were conducted with nursing home residents. Interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim and analysed thematically. Findings: So far, 9 residents were interviewed (ages 82-98, 65% female). Residents were generally pleased with the oral care provided by Gerodent. If oral health problems should arise, they would like to receive care in the nursing home itself. Transport to a local dentist is difficult to impossible. The speed with which they can be helped and trust in the oral health professional are other determining factors. Residents rely mostly on nursing home staff and second on family to organise professional oral care. Discussion: Intramural professional oral healthcare is preferred by nursing home residents. This information is valuable at policy level and for the design of oral health services, as intramural professional oral healthcare is still not very common.".
• 01GQER09Z0PG9W12NF1ZE9PJP1 abstract "For economic reasons, machine builders are increasingly challenged to make single-axis driven machines perform rest-to-rest movements as fast as possible over time. In terms of control, a time-optimal motion is performed by injecting a bang-bang torque profile, characterized by a discrete switching point. However, the state-of-the-art to obtain the ideal application-dependent switching point is often computationally demanding and lacks robustness, hampering smooth system implementation. Moreover, machine builders invariably design their machines using CAD software, which automatically provides good knowledge about, e.g., the machine's load torque profile. Therefore, in this work, based on Newton's work-energy principle, a framework for variable inertia systems is derived and used as a starting point to estimate the optimal bang-bang switching point efficiently, employing CAD extracted data. In addition, a self-learning control structure is proposed to correct for the initial switching point so that the application continues to move time-optimally, regardless of system influences such as temperature variation. A case study is used to validate the proposed methodology and associated control structure through simulation.".
• 01GQER2N87XJ55MKHVPKNW7P2X abstract "Nowadays, Brushless dc (BLDC) motors are increasingly used to drive speed-controlled applications (e.g., drones, air compressors, etc.) thanks to their high power density, good torque inertia ratio, and their simple square wave commutation principle. However, with growing attention toward energy usage, a more efficient sinusoidal current wave is favored over the classical square wave profile. Nevertheless, changing the waveform to absent the silence phase implicates that simple control principles (e.g., hall-sensors or back electromotive force tracing) are no longer functional, and a more advanced sensorless solution is required. Earlier, an innovative sensorless load angle based controller was suggested with the potential to overcome all restrictions concerning state-of-the-art sensorless control. One of the proposed estimator's fundamental building blocks is a sliding discrete Fourier filter, requiring both a signal with a fixed base frequency and a full signal period of samples before updating completely. Both requirements severely limit the application field. This article presents an enhanced load angle estimator that can estimate the load angle 66% faster on average and without quality deterioration, regardless of the rotor speed. Both speed and accuracy of the estimated load angle are validated based on BLDC measurements, confirming the potential and revealing possible further estimation lag decreases if a limited estimation quality regression is allowed.".
• 01GQER9G858BMDSWYYS1HSXJMR abstract "Over the last decade, many computational pipelines have been developed to identify circular RNA (circRNA) back-splice junctions (BSJ) in massively parallel RNA sequencing data. These circRNA detection pipelines widely differ with respect to their general approach (segmented-read versus candidate-based approach), alignment tool, and filtering steps. This leads to diverse circRNA predictions when using the same RNA sequencing data as input. To date, a gold standard for circRNA detection and quantification of RNA sequencing data is missing. To tackle this issue, we set up a collaborative benchmarking study involving the developers of 15 circRNA detection tools to identify the most accurate circRNA detection strategy. In a first phase, deep RNA sequencing data from RNase R treated and untreated human cancer cell line samples were shared with all collaborating tool developers. Comparing their circRNA prediction results in silico, substantial differences in the number of detected circRNAs were observed, ranging from less than 100 to more than 25,000 predicted circRNAs per sample. Some tools yield similar overall predictions, while others predict vastly different sets of circRNAs. In a second phase, the accuracy of the predictions of individual tools was assessed. For this, RT-qPCR of predicted BSJ on matched RNase R treated and untreated RNA was used as a gold standard. The exact sequence surrounding the BSJ position was confirmed by amplicon sequencing. In total, 1500 circRNAs were randomly selected from the extensive circRNA dataset (corresponding to ~100 circRNAs per tool) and used to determine the performance of each prediction tool. At the RNA society 2022 meeting, we will present data comparing each circRNA detection tool based on the estimated false-discovery rate and accuracy. In addition, we will provide guidelines for accurate circRNA detection in RNA sequencing data.".
• 01GQERVXQR6DGX6S91K0KW1GNA abstract "Over the last ten years, many computational pipelines have been developed to identify circular RNA (circRNA) back-splice junctions (BSJs) in RNA sequencing datasets. These circRNA detection pipelines differ in their general approach (segmented-read versus candidate-based approach), alignment tool, and filtering steps. This leads to varying circRNA predictions, despite using the same RNA sequencing dataset as input. To date, a gold standard for circRNA detection in RNA sequencing data is missing. To tackle this issue, we set up a collaborative benchmarking study involving the developers of 15 circRNA detection tools with as primary goal the identification of the most accurate circRNA detection strategy. In the first phase, deep RNA sequencing datasets from RNase R treated, and untreated samples were shared with all collaborating tool developers. Comparing their circRNA prediction results in silico, substantial differences in the number of detected circRNAs were observed, ranging from less than 100 to more than 25,000 predicted circRNAs per sample. Furthermore, some tools have similar overall predictions, while others predict vastly different sets of circRNAs. In the second phase, the accuracy of the predictions of individual tools will be assessed. For this, RT-qPCR on RNase R treated versus untreated RNA is used as a gold standard. In addition, the exact sequence surrounding the BSJ position will be confirmed by sequencing the amplicons. To optimize the workflow and estimate the detectability of circRNAs with a low BSJ count, a first set of 96 circRNAs was selected and validated. Next, 1,500 circRNAs were selected from the extensive circRNA dataset (corresponding to 100 circRNAs per tool) to assess the performance of each tool. Lastly, a multiplex RT-qPCR and amplicon sequencing strategy will be performed to assess the false-negative rate of circRNA detection tools. At The Non-Coding Genome 2021 meeting, we will present data comparing each circRNA detection tool based on the estimated false-discovery rate and accuracy. In addition, we will provide valuable guidelines for accurate circRNA detection in RNA sequencing datasets.".
• 01GQET83PE8QQY77QCN9D53TRB abstract "Architecture in Cuba has a rich and colourful history, where the colours are literally seen in the Old Havana streets. Several sites are declared World Heritage by UNESCO, such as the historical centre of Camagüey due to its peculiar urban form. Recent studies have shown that 30% of the world heritage sites in Cuba were constructed using earthly materials. Unfortunately, this number is rapidly decreasing where nowadays, only 10% is still standing and half of them show risks for biological deterioration, fungal growth, or salt crystallization. These degradation phenomena are at the root of the high collapsing rates and should be prevented at all costs. HAM-simulations have an added value in the research for renovation and restoration strategies. However, these simulations require a high accuracy for input variables. It is important to make correct assumptions for applied construction materials. For bricks, aspects as granularity, clay or sand content, compaction and firing techniques vary greatly in Cuba and have a major impact on the brick pore structures and consequently on its hygrothermal properties. In an early stage of a renovation project, exact building information is usually not provided, and in most cases a full material characterization is absent. This study investigates the potential to fill in the missing values of incomplete material data with a clustering approach for the Cuban climate. This methodology determines equivalently behaving bricks based on the impact of their properties on the hygrothermal behaviour regarding the mould growth, wood rot and salt crystallization.".
• 01GQETJCNQ9EA60GANR51SRDC6 abstract "Young people are underrepresented in parliaments around the world, while the biggest number of MPs is middle-aged. Research indicates that the young are three times more present in the population than in elected assemblies (Sundström & Stockemer, 2021), demonstrating the existing marginalization of young people in politics, much more than women’s underrepresentation which has so far received most attention in representation studies. Political parties as gatekeepers to the elected offices are usually pointed as those who can make a difference in terms of group representation in politics. As it arguably seems that the younger generation is not granted equal opportunities to represent citizens, we investigate in this paper the reasons why parties do (not) select young people for parliamentary elections. In-depth interviews have been conducted with 32 key informants from six Belgian parties (Groen, CD&V, Vlaams Belang, MR, Ecolo, PS) responsible for candidate selection in the Belgian PR electoral system. Their insights allow us to assess young candidates’ assets and flaws as regards to electoral popularity, political skills and ticket-balancing value. Our study also sheds light on parties’ strategic candidate selection decisions regarding long-term people’s management and openness to youth wings’ lobbying efforts.".
• 01GQETS8V67D1DJKMSBYDGAA26 abstract "Historic masonry has a rich and colorful history making it a treasured part in our society. To preserve and protect this heritage, adequate moisture control, retrofit and restauration strategies are required. However, due to the large range of material properties, inherent to historic brickwork, measuring every single parameter for every case and each material is unfeasible. In prior research, a clustering scheme was developed for 15 bricks, representing the wide variety in practice. The basic concept was that bricks with similar hygrothermal response behavior are clustered together based on their physical appearances. This could help improve existing retrofit practice by reducing characterization processes and minimizing expensive and time-consuming measuring tests. In the clustering process, a high dependency on the rain exposure was noticed. Climate and geographical location define the severity, duration and the number of rainfall events which have a direct impact on the liquid water penetration depth, the moisture content and distribution in the wall. Therefore, the aim of this study is to test the robustness of the developed methodology for brick clustering in different climate conditions. A comparison is made between the Test Reference Year of Essen, the Moisture Reference Year of Brussels and the climate conditions of Milan and London. The response behavior was evaluated based on hygrothermal simulations to see whether bricks in the same cluster show similar degradation risks under different climate conditions. Sensitivity analysis was used to study the response behavior based on three degradations risks: mould growth, wood rot and frost damage.".
• 01GQEV0CNWRN7NJ2FEE5PJW4Y9 abstract "Archived formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue samples are being increasingly used in molecular cancer research. Compared with fresh-frozen tissue, the nucleic acid analysis of FFPE tissue is technically more challenging. This study aimed to compare the impact of 3 different RNA extraction methods on yield, quality, and sequencing-based gene expression results in FFPE samples. RNA extraction was performed in 16 FFPE tumor specimens from patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma and in reference FFPE material from microsatellite-stable and microsatellite-instable cell lines (3 replicates each) using 2 silica-based procedures (A, miRNeasy FFPE; C, iCatcher FFPE Tissue RNA) and 1 isotachophoresis-based procedure (B, Ionic FFPE to Pure RNA). The RNA yield; RNA integrity, as reflected by the distribution value 200; and RNA purity, as reflected by the 260/280 and the 260/230 nm absorbance ratios, were determined. The RNA was sequenced on the NovaSeq 6000 instrument using the TruSeq RNA Exome and SMARTer Stranded Total RNA-Seq Pico v3 library preparations kits. Our results highlight the impact of RNA extraction methodology on both preanalytical and sequencing-based gene expression results. Overall, methods B and C outperformed method A because these showed significantly higher fractions of uniquely mapped reads, an increased number of detectable genes, a lower fraction of duplicated reads, and better representation of the B-cell receptor repertoire. Differences among the extraction methods were generally more explicit for the total RNA sequencing method than for the exome-capture sequencing method. Importantly, the predicative value of quality metrics varies among extraction kits, and caution should be applied when comparing and interpreting results obtained using different methods.(c) 2022 THE AUTHORS. Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of the United States & Canadian Academy of Pathology. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http:// creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).".
• 01GQEV4R8WQ0245QK3RMJMDF75 abstract "Cross Laminated Timber (CLT) is increasingly used as structural component in low and mid-rise buildings. It comes with excellent carbon storage and prefabrication potential, and provides an interesting alternative for traditional construction methods. However, as it consists of wooden components, these panels are prone to degradation and delamination if exposed to long-term moisture sources, typically originating from on-site exposure to rain spells during the construction period. This study investigates different drying strategies by analyzing the wetting and drying processes by means of HAM-simulations for a CLT floor in a case-study with moisture-related degradation problems. Bore samples were taken from the CLT balcony where the most severe deterioration was observed, caused by insufficient rain protection during construction. After a rainy winter period the CLT was prematurely sealed off with an unventilated ETICS system (EPS + silicone plaster). In the analyses, it is seen that an unventilated finishing system results in a critical deterioration of the timber. The simulations show this could have been prevented by either choosing a ventilated finishing system or by sufficient rain protection during construction. In order to compare simulations with measurements, it is important to adopt a clear methodological approach for the hygrothermal simulations. Hence, a framework was developed that elaborates on each step of the development process of HAM-simulations, by means of a strategic three level selection system for model parameters. This approach allows to increase the usability and reliability of HAM-simulation in practice. At the end of the stepwise framework, the hygrothermal response from simulations was compared with the visual and experimental assessment of the wood samples. The study highlights the potential of HAM-simulations in both design as litigation context, and it was concluded that practice would benefit from a stepwise framework to conduct HAM-simulations, that provides guidelines to select climate, materials and performance criteria.".
• 01GQEV7MQJXMTTGWN667JH1W1D abstract "This is a study of how, between 1882 and roughly 1940, missionaries of the Baptist Missionary Society (BMS) working on the left bank of the western sections of the Congo River “engaged” and “engaged with” the Bantu language Bobangi. It traces the ways in which and the reasons why, for their missionary and school work, they decided to turn to, and later away from, Bobangi. It addresses the changes the motives and linguistic ideologies behind these choices went through, as well as the doubts, disagreements, and conflicts visible in the BMS’s own ranks. In this context, I particularly zoom in on the metalinguistic representations the BMS made of the language, in publications such as John Whitehead’s Grammar and Dictionary of the Bobangi Language of 1899. I suggest the notion of “linguistic gentrification”, i.e. the missionary creation of an “embellished” and “improved” version of the language, which was imposed back onto the native speakers in missionary schools as the new, only correct way of speaking, resulting in the exclusion of these native speakers from their own language – indeed in much the same way as gentrification operates in urbanization. ".
• 01GQEVWDH3DQCMWDGZ8WJ87DQH abstract "Non-communicable diseases are on the rise and are often related to food choices; nutrition affects infectious diseases too. Therefore, there is growing interest in research on public and personal health, as related to food, nutrition behaviour and well-being of consumers throughout the life cycle. These concepts and their relations are complex and only partially understood – more data is needed to improve our understanding. The required data include deep geno- and phenotyping data from human nutritional studies, covering metabolic and health, but also including behavioural and socio-economic data. The aim of this white paper is to provide a guiding framework for the future contributions of ELIXIR’s recently established Food & Nutrition (F&N) Community. This white paper is the direct result of a strategy meeting that took place in September 2019 in The Hague (NL) and involved representatives of 14 countries representing the ELIXIR Nodes. The meeting led to the definition of F&N related bioinformatics challenges, including the use of standards for data reuse and sharing, and for interoperability of data, tools and services, advocacy and training. Resolving these bioinformatics challenges makes it possible to address a wide range of F&N-related challenges, such as definition of an individual health status, individual dietary needs, and finding complex intake biomarkers (to replace questionnaires). Here, we provide suggestions on how to align these tasks within the ELIXIR Platforms, other ELIXIR Communities/Focus Groups and the European Strategy Forum on Research Infrastructures. ".
• 01GQEW3CA4FBPJ63GNGQ9JTWT0 abstract "Translating Climate Change in the Museum Museum and Translation Studies are inherently multidisciplinary disciplines. Museums, like translations, rely on pre-existing ideas that they transform and share with new audiences in a new language. The idea of a “language of display” and of “museums as translations” has been developed by scholars such as Neather (2008), Sturge (2007), Valdeón (2015), and Liao (2016), who combine this metaphorical perspective with the analysis of interlingual translations. These are often present in museums to meet the needs of local multilingual audiences and/or tourists. This paper sets out to further explore this intersection of Museum and Translation Studies with the analysis of a case study. More specifically, this paper will find place in the broader context of sustainable humanities and question how the Museum of Natural Sciences in Brussels shares ideas related to climate change with its visitors. By focusing on a science museum, we hope to provide a new type of case study that might continue the discussion around museums and translations. This will be done through two approaches. First, texts in multiple languages will be compared to determine whether the translations reflect expected differences in reception across the different language publics. Secondly, the displays of the museum will be questioned for how they metaphorically translate the climate crisis. The results of these analyses will be crossed with information on the procedures of translation at the museum gathered through an interview, as well as with pre-existing visitors research. This will allow for a critical understanding of the goals and impact of translations in the museum.".
• 01GQEWM0N0BVERQ97J7WRP6ZWD abstract "Latent thermal energy storage (LTES) heat exchangers are being applied in a wide range of energy systems. However, there is no analytical method to determine the outlet temperature of LTES heat exchangers from its operational conditions. This hinders experimental data reduction and sizing of these components for specific energy systems. The present paper develops an analytical model for the overall phase fraction and outlet heat transfer fluid temperature for planar LTES heat exchangers. The method is developed with solutions of the Stefan problem. The analytical results are validated based on a numerical model using the same assumptions as the analytical model. The analytical solution can be reduced to a limited set of parameters which are a dimensionless time and heat exchanger surface area. This limited set of parameters can form the basis for experimental data reduction of LTES heat exchangers.".
• 01GQEWSXKY69ZV49VGND3BAW7Q abstract "Terabit capacity optical engines for data center and access networks are gaining momentum supported by a pool of technological innovations that are promising low cost and simple design for a wide range of application use cases.".
• 01GQEWTZXCDNVWWF5DT49P287R abstract "A bacterium strain isolated from freshwater sediment of San Pablo river of Santiago de Cuba, Cuba was identified as a Bacillus sp. by Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Time Of Flight Mass Spectrometry. A 16S rRNA gene analysis showed that the isolate A3 belongs to the operational group Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, while the phylogenetic analysis of the gyrA gene sequence grouped it within B. amyloliquefaciens subsp. plantarum cluster, referred now as Bacillus velezensis. In vitro antibacterial studies demonstrated the capacity of the isolate A3 to produce bioactive metabolites against Bacillus subtilis ATCC 11,778, Bacillus cereus ATCC 6633, and Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25,923 by cross-streak, overlay, and microdilution methods. The strain also showed a high potential against the multidrug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 700,699, ATCC 29,213, and ATCC 6538. At pH 8 and 96 h in the medium 2 of A3 culture conditions, the produced metabolites with antibacterial potential were enhanced. Some alterations in the morphology of the phytopathogens Aspergillus niger ATCC 9642, Alternaria alternata CECT 2662, and Fusarium solani CCEBI 3094 were induced by the cell-free supernatant of B. velezensis A3. A preliminary study of the nature of the bioactive compounds produced by the strain A3 showed the presence of both lipids and peptides in the culture. Those results highlight B. velezensis A3 as a promissory bacterium capable to produce bioactive metabolites with antibacterial and antifungal properties against pathogens.".
• 01GQEWYZ2JYADTSHPBH63DYDXX abstract "Not only is human T cell development characterized by unique changes in surface marker expression, but it also requires specific growth factors and conditions to mimic and study T cell development in vitro. In this chapter, we provide an overview of the specific aspects that need attention when performing T cell differentiation cultures with human hematopoietic and T cell progenitors.".
• 01GQEX5FMN5ZNCGDQ6XDXDNNKY abstract "During their development, human T cells undergo similar genomic changes and pass through the same developmental checkpoints as developing thymocytes in the mouse. The difference between both species, however, is that some of these developmental stages are characterized by different phenotypic markers, and as a result, evidence emerges that the molecular regulation of human T cell development subtly differs from the mouse (Taghon et al., Curr Top Microbiol Immunol 360:75–97, 2021; Haddad et al., Immunity 24:217–230, 2006; Hao et al., Blood 111:1318–1326, 2008; Taghon and Rothenberg, Semin Immunopathol 30:383–398, 2008). In this chapter, we describe in detail how the different stages of human T cell development can be characterized and isolated using specific surface markers.".
• 01GQEX8CY3WQ27M4VTNYR7RYYD abstract "Natural killer (NK) cells are cytotoxic and cytokine-producing lymphocytes that play an important role in the first line of defense against malignant or virus-infected cells. A better understanding of the transcriptional regulation of human NK cell differentiation is crucial to improve the efficacy of NK cell-mediated immunotherapy for cancer treatment. Here, we studied the role of the transcription factor interferon regulatory factor (IRF) 2 in human NK cell differentiation by stable knockdown or overexpression in cord blood hematopoietic stem cells and investigated its effect on development and function of the NK cell progeny. IRF2 overexpression had limited effects in these processes, indicating that endogenous IRF2 expression levels are sufficient. However, IRF2 knockdown greatly reduced the cell numbers of all early differentiation stages, resulting in decimated NK cell numbers. This was not caused by increased apoptosis, but by decreased proliferation. Expression of IRF2 is also required for functional maturation of NK cells, as the remaining NK cells after silencing of IRF2 had a less mature phenotype and showed decreased cytotoxic potential, as well as a greatly reduced cytokine secretion. Thus, IRF2 plays an important role during development and functional maturation of human NK cells.".
• 01GQEXKWVZDYCBZB50Z20DRGXF abstract "Translating the Climate Crisis in the Museum As we make our way through the first half of the twenty-first century, the climate crisis is becoming one of the most discussed science topics. Parallelly and consequently, it has become a topic that science museums are presenting to different degrees and with local specificities. However, more than 20 years after Krishtalka and Humphrey’s call for museums to “immediately harness” their collections to educate their public on the “environmental management of the planet” (2000), and four years after Cronin’s influential publication on Eco-translation (2017), research at the crossroads of these practices is missing. Indeed, while museums are becoming a focus for translation studies scholars (see for example Neather 2018, Valdeón 2015, Liao 2016), these have so far mainly targeted history or memory museums. The hope for this paper is thus to start extending the “museum translation” research by providing a new type of case study that might enrich the discussion and find place in the broader context of sustainable humanities. More specifically, this paper will question how the Museum of Natural Sciences in Brussels shares ideas related to the climate crisis with its visitors. This will be done through two approaches defined by Neather as “translations in the museum” and “museums as translation” (2018, p. 361). First, texts in multiple languages will be compared to determine whether they were adapted with the expectations of different cultural communities in mind. Secondly, the displays of the museum will be questioned for how they metaphorically “translate” the climate crisis for visitors to experience. As this paper is in the early research stages, it will discuss the first results of the texts and displays analyses crossed with discussions with the museum's team, which will provide insights on their choices and processes.".
• 01GQEXNKC0JRGJX7ZBS5370VZM abstract "Although many molecular dynamics simulations treat the atomic nuclei as classical particles, an adequate description of nuclear quantum effects (NQEs) is indispensable when studying proton transfer reactions. Herein, quantum free energy profiles are constructed for three typical proton transfers, which properly take NQEs into account using the path integral formalism. The computational cost of the simulations is kept tractable by deriving machine learning potentials. It is shown that the classical and quasi-classical centroid free energy profiles of the proton transfers deviate substantially from the exact quantum free energy profile.".
• 01GQEXWF67PEW73F0JHEPYG5VT abstract "e-Government applications have hard-coded and non-personalized user journeys with high maintenance costs to keep up with, e.g., changing legislation. Automatic administrative workflows are needed. We present the OSLO-steps vocabulary and the workflow composer: combined, they are a means to create cross-organizational interoperable user journeys, adapted to the user's needs. We identify the requirements for automating administrative workflows and present an architecture and its implemented components. By using Linked Data principles to decentrally describe independent steps using states as pre- and postconditions, and composing workflows on-the-fly whilst matching a user's state to those preconditions, we automatically generate next steps to reach the user's goal. The validated solution shows its feasibility, and the upcoming interest around interoperable personal data pods (e.g., via Solid) can further increase its potential.".
• 01GQEY1P01BHJJ267N5FH96BZ6 abstract "Translating spaces of migration: the case of the Red Star Line Museum Our paper sets out to chart the role of translation in the Red Star Line Museum in Antwerp, Belgium. Set up in 2013 in the historic sheds of the shipping company, the memorial-museum documents the journey of the two million European passengers that crossed the Atlantic between 1873 and 1934 in search of a better life. It transposes its main theme – migration – into a particular scenography and architecture that draws attention to concepts of space and transfer, encouraging present-day visitors to follow in the migrants’ footsteps and to establish links between past and present. We will underscore how the translational experience of migration is rendered in the museum’s multilingual archive and discuss the various representational techniques that help visitors experience or imagine places and spaces of migration. Furthermore, if visitors are drawn into the stories of the 20th century migrants through a reflection on, and experience of, shared spaces, it is crucial to understand how translation “proper” can cause cracks in the museum’s carefully constructed spatio-temporal framework. In line with recent conceptualizations of translation, and following research by Neather (2008), Sturge (2007) and Valdeón (2015), the analysis of smaller text units (translation-in-the-museum) will be connected to larger patterns of thinking and meaning-making (the-museum-as-translation).".
• 01GQEYZ169TF3ACFCSXVAD0ZWE abstract "Graphical representation of Lewis acid catalyzed ammonolysis of polyamide 66.".
• 01GQEYZ169TF3ACFCSXVAD0ZWE abstract "In order to make recycling a viable strategy for post-consumer plastics, economically feasible revalorization processes must be developed. The ammonolysis of polyamides can be such a cutting-edge recycling technology; however, due to the rigid structure of these polyamide plastics, operating conditions of current ammonolysis processes are harsh, including high temperatures (>300 degrees C) and high NH3 pressures. Here, we report a very green and elegant ammonolysis process of the widely abundant polyamide 66 by using a hard Lewis acid catalyst and 1 bar of NH3 in a simple glycol solvent at 200 degrees C. Computational studies revealed that especially the vicinal diol moiety of these glycol solvents plays a key role in activation of the ammonia nucleophile, with glycerol being the most effective solvent, reaching the depolymerization equilibrium after 20 h even without a catalyst. To our delight, a biosourced glycerol (obtained from the saponification of triglycerides) could also directly serve as a suitable solvent, even outperforming the ammonolysis process in highly purified glycerol.".
• 01GQEZ3HWE10X5QQ95W67FQ3Q5 abstract "The dissociation of environmentally hazardous NO through dissociative adsorption on metallic clusters supported by oxides, is receiving growing attention. Building on previous research on monometallic M-13 clusters [The Journal of Physical Chemistry C 2019, 123 (33), 20314-20318], this work considers bimetallic Pt12M (M=Rh, Ru or Ir) clusters. The adsorption energy and activation energy of NO dissociation on the clusters have been calculated in vacuum using Kohn-Sham DFT, while their trends were rationalized using reactivity indices such as molecular electrostatic potential and global Fermi softness. The results show that doping of the Pt clusters lowered the adsorption energy as well as the activation energy for NO dissociation. Furthermore, reactivity indices were calculated as a first estimate of the performance of the clusters in realistic amorphous silica pores (MCM-41) through ab initio molecular dynamics simulations.".
• 01GQF0N2N0GYPKVZK3EEHXV5E3 abstract "We study the 3D axis of rotation (3D spin) of 77 H I galaxies from the MIGHTEE-H I Early Science observations, and its relation to the filaments of the cosmic web. For this H I-selected sample, the alignment between the spin axis and the closest filament (|cos ψ|) is higher for galaxies closer to the filaments, with ⟨|cos ψ|⟩ = 0.66 ± 0.04 for galaxies <5 Mpc from their closest filament compared to ⟨|cos ψ|⟩ = 0.37 ± 0.08 for galaxies at 5 < d < 10 Mpc. We find that galaxies with a low H I-to-stellar mass ratio (log10(MH I/M⋆) < 0.11) are more aligned with their closest filaments, with ⟨|cos ψ|⟩ = 0.58 ± 0.04; whilst galaxies with (log10(MH I/M⋆) > 0.11) tend to be mis-aligned, with ⟨|cos ψ|⟩ = 0.44 ± 0.04. We find tentative evidence that the spin axis of H I-selected galaxies tend to be aligned with associated filaments (d < 10 Mpc), but this depends on the gas fractions. Galaxies that have accumulated more stellar mass compared to their gas mass tend towards stronger alignment. Our results suggest that those galaxies that have accrued high gas fraction with respect to their stellar mass may have had their spin axis alignment with the filament disrupted by a recent gas-rich merger, whereas the spin vector for those galaxies in which the neutral gas has not been strongly replenished through a recent merger tend to orientate towards alignment with the filament. We also investigate the spin transition between galaxies with a high H I content and a low H I content at a threshold of MHI≈109.5M⊙ found in simulations; however, we find no evidence for such a transition with the current data.".
• 01GQF0STY6396VH1YSVE3FD961 abstract "Here preparation of high surface area activated reduced graphene oxide (arGO) oxidized into a 3D analogue of defect-rich GO (dGO) is reported. Surface oxidation of arGO results in carbon to oxygen ratio C/O = 3.3, similar to the oxidation state of graphene oxide while preserving high BET surface area of about 880 m(2) g(-1). Analysis of surface oxidized arGO shows high abundance of oxygen functional groups which converts hydrophobic precursor into hydrophilic material. High surface area carbons provide the whole surface for oxidation without the need of intercalation and lattice expansion. Therefore, surface oxidation methods are sufficient to convert the materials into 3D architectures with chemical properties similar to graphene oxide. The "3D graphene oxide" shows high sorption capacity for U(VI) removal in an extraordinary broad interval of pH. Notably, the surface oxidized carbon material has a rigid 3D structure with micropores accessible for penetration of radionuclide ions. Therefore, the bulk "3D GO" can be used as a sorbent directly without dispersing, the step required for GO to make its surface area accessible for pollutants.".
• 01GQF0STZJGCDP31VTH7008B6G abstract "Herein, a multi-technique study was performed to reveal the elemental speciation and microphase composition in altered granitic rock collected from the Krunkelbach Valley uranium (U) deposit area near an abandoned U mine, Black Forest, Southern Germany. The former Krunkelbach U mine with 1-2 km surrounding area represents a unique natural analogue site with the rich accumulation of secondary U minerals suitable for radionuclide migration studies from a spent nuclear fuel (SNF) repository. Based on a micro-technique analysis using several synchrotron-based techniques such as X-ray fluorescence analysis, X-ray absorption spectroscopy, powder X-ray diffraction and laboratory-based scanning electron microscopy and Raman spectroscopy, the complex mineral assemblage was identified. While on the surface of granite, heavily altered metazeunerite-metatorbernite (Cu(UO2)(2)(AsO4)(2-x)(PO4)(x)center dot 8H(2)O) microcrystals were found together with diluted coatings similar to cuprosklodowskite (Cu(UO2)(2)(SiO3OH)(2)center dot 6H(2)O), in the cavities of the rock predominantly well-preserved microcrystals close to metatorbernite (Cu(UO2)(2)(PO4)(2)center dot 8H(2)O) were identified. The Cu(UO2)(2)(AsO4)(2-x)(PO4)(x)center dot 8H(2)O species exhibit uneven morphology and varies in its elemental composition, depending on the microcrystal part ranging from well-preserved to heavily altered on a scale of similar to 200 mu m. The microcrystal phase alteration could be presumably attributed to the microcrystal morphology, variations in chemical composition, and geochemical conditions at the site. The occurrence of uranyl-arsenate-phosphate and uranyl-silicate mineralisation on the surface of the same rock indicates the signatures of different geochemical conditions that took place after the oxidative weathering of the primary U- and arsenic (As)-bearing ores. The relevance of uranyl minerals to SNF storage and the potential role of uranyl-arsenate mineral species in the mobilization of U and As into the environment is discussed.".
• 01GQF0TQPRZS598V01BBJW1602 abstract "Fanpy is a free and open-source Python library for developing and testing multideterminant wavefunctions and related ab initio methods in electronic structure theory. The main use of Fanpy is to quickly prototype new methods by making it easier to convert the mathematical formulation of a new wavefunction ansatze to a working implementation. Fanpy is designed based on our recently introduced Flexible Ansatz for N-electron Configuration Interaction (FANCI) framework, where multideterminant wavefunctions are represented by their overlaps with Slater determinants of orthonormal spin-orbitals. In the simplest case, a new wavefunction ansatz can be implemented by simply writing a function for evaluating its overlap with an arbitrary Slater determinant. Fanpy is modular in both implementation and theory: the wavefunction model, the system's Hamiltonian, and the choice of objective function are all independent modules. This modular structure makes it easy for users to mix and match different methods and for developers to quickly explore new ideas. Fanpy is written purely in Python with standard dependencies, making it accessible for various operating systems. In addition, it adheres to principles of modern software development, including comprehensive documentation, extensive testing, quality assurance, and continuous integration and delivery protocols. This article is considered to be the official release notes for the Fanpy library.".
• 01GQF0Z8HTRBTEN2JMAXT9W8Z8 abstract "This paper presents a holistic and authoritative review of the role of microwave technologies in enabling a new generation of wearable devices. A human-centric Internet of Things (IoT) covering remote healthcare, distributed sensing, and consumer electronics, calls for high-performance wearable devices integrated into clothing, which require interdisciplinary research efforts to emerge. Microwaves, the “interconnect” of wireless networks, can enable, rather than solely connect, the next generation of autonomous, sustainable, and wearable-friendly electronics. First, enabling technologies including wireless power transmission and RF energy harvesting, backscattering and passive communication, RFID, and electromagnetic sensing are reviewed. We then discuss the key integration platforms, covering smart fabrics and electronic textiles, additive manufacturing, printed electronics, natively-flexible and organic RF semiconductors, and fully-integrated CMOS systems, where opportunities for hybrid integration are highlighted. The emerging research trends, from mmWave 6G, RF sensing and imaging, to healthcare applications including neural implants, drug delivery, and safety upon exposure to microwaves are re-visited and discussed, presenting a future roadmap for interdisciplinary research towards sustainable and reliable next-generation wearables.".
• 01GQF14GFDSPNB303EV10EBSA7 abstract "Context. The far-infrared (FIR) and sub-millimeter (submm) emissivity, ϵν, of the Milky Way (MW) cirrus is an important benchmark for dust grain models. Dust masses in other galaxies are generally derived from the FIR/submm using the emission properties of these MW-calibrated models. Aims: We seek to derive the FIR/submm ϵν in nine nearby spiral galaxies to check its compatibility with MW cirrus measurements. Methods: We obtained values of ϵν at 70-500 μm, using maps of dust emission from the Herschel satellite and of gas surface density from the THINGS and HERACLES surveys on a scale generally corresponding to 440 pc. We studied the variation of ϵν with the surface brightness ratio Iν(250 μm)/Iν(500 μm), a proxy for the intensity of the interstellar radiation field heating the dust. Results: We find that the average value of ϵν agrees with MW estimates for pixels sharing the same color as the cirrus, namely, for Iν(250 μm)/Iν(500 μm)=4.5. For Iν(250 μm)/Iν(500 μm)> 5, the measured emissivity is instead up to a factor ∼2 lower than predicted from MW dust models heated by stronger radiation fields. Regions with higher Iν(250 μm)/Iν(500 μm) are preferentially closer to the galactic center and have a higher overall (stellar+gas) surface density and molecular fraction. The results do not depend strongly on the adopted CO-to-molecular conversion factor and do not appear to be affected by the mixing of heating conditions. Conclusions: Our results confirm the validity of MW dust models at low density, but are at odds with predictions for grain evolution in higher density environments. If the lower-than-expected ϵν at high Iν(250 μm)/Iν(500 μm) is the result of intrinsic variations in the dust properties, it would imply an underestimation of the dust mass surface density of up to a factor ∼2 when using current dust models.".
• 01GQF1A556WA7A4N4ET21XY88A abstract "We present the first measurements of H I galaxy scaling relations from a blind survey at z > 0.15. We perform spectral stacking of 9023 spectra of star-forming galaxies undetected in H I at 0.23 < z < 0.49, extracted from MIGHTEE-H I Early Science data cubes, acquired with the MeerKAT radio telescope. We stack galaxies in bins of galaxy properties (stellar mass M *, star formation rateSFR, and specific star formation rate sSFR, with sSFR ≡ M */SFR), obtaining ≳5σ detections in most cases, the strongest H I-stacking detections to date in this redshift range. With these detections, we are able to measure scaling relations in the probed redshift interval, finding evidence for a moderate evolution from the median redshift of our sample z med ~ 0.37 to z ~ 0. In particular, low-M * galaxies ( {\mathrm{log}}_{10}({M}_{* }/{M}_{\odot })\sim 9 )experienceastrongHIdepletion( 0.5dexinlog10(MHI/M⊙) ), while massive galaxies ( {\mathrm{log}}_{10}({M}_{* }/{M}_{\odot })\sim 11$ ) keep their H I mass nearly unchanged. When looking at the star formation activity, highly star-forming galaxies evolve significantly in M H I (f H I, where f H I ≡ M H I/M *) at fixed SFR (sSFR), while at the lowest probed SFR (sSFR) the scaling relations show no evolution. These findings suggest a scenario in which low-M * galaxies have experienced a strong H I depletion during the last ~5 Gyr, while massive galaxies have undergone a significant H I replenishment through some accretion mechanism, possibly minor mergers. Interestingly, our results are in good agreement with the predictions of the SIMBA simulation. We conclude that this work sets novel important observational constraints on galaxy scaling relations.".
• 01GQF1AVWKNKGMTPRZY7BHNT8T abstract "Polymer additive manufacturing has transformed itself from a technology that is mainly focused on rapid prototyping to a widely received manufacturing technique for highly customised products. In fused filament fabrication (FFF), due to the fast heating and cooling of the polymer, the printed part's crystallinity and mechanical properties are inevitably affected. This research proposes a numerical approach to predict the final crystallinity for FFF printed polyamide 6/short carbon fibre composite. To do so, samples were built with the FFF technique with their temperature history recorded by infrared camera measurements. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) was conducted on the FFF filament to calibrate the numerical model. Temperature history was used as input for the model and the printed part’s final crystallinity is predicted. Tensile tests were carried out to examine the influence of crystallinity on the printed part’s mechanical performance.".
• 01GQF1N0KP8VB9ZPRH3YFKDVJY abstract "Context. The Monte Carlo method is probably the most widely used approach to solve the radiative transfer problem, especially in a general 3D geometry. The physical processes of emission, absorption, and scattering are easily incorporated in the Monte Carlo framework. Net stimulated emission, or absorption with a negative cross section, does not fit this method, however. Aims: We explore alterations to the standard photon packet life cycle in Monte Carlo radiative transfer that allow the treatment of net stimulated emission without loss of generality or efficiency. Methods: We present the explicit absorption technique that allows net stimulated emission to be handled efficiently. It uses the scattering rather than the extinction optical depth along a photon packet's path to randomly select the next interaction location, and offers a separate, deterministic treatment of absorption. We implemented the technique in a special-purpose Monte Carlo code for a two-stream 1D radiative transfer problem and in the fully featured 3D code SKIRT, and we studied its overall performance using quantitative statistical tests. Results: Our special-purpose code is capable of recovering the analytical solutions to the two-stream problem in all regimes, including the one of strong net stimulated emission. The implementation in SKIRT is straightforward, as the explicit absorption technique easily combines with the variance reduction and acceleration techniques already incorporated. In general, explicit absorption tends to improve the efficiency of the Monte Carlo routine in the regime of net absorption. Conclusions: Explicit absorption allows the treatment of net stimulated emission in Monte Carlo radiative transfer, it interfaces smoothly with other variance reduction and acceleration techniques, and it tends to improve the efficiency of the simulations in the net absorption regime. We recommend to always include this new technique in Monte Carlo radiative transfer.".
• 01GQF1TW6WJ4GJNYRSB3H41MYS abstract "In this first paper in a series we present a study of the global dust emission distribution in nearby edge-on spiral galaxies. Our sample consists of 16 angularly large and 13 less spatially resolved galaxies selected from the DustPedia sample. To explore the dust emission distribution, we exploit the Herschel photometry in the range 100-500 μ m. We employ Sérsic and 3D disc models to fit the observed 2D profiles of the galaxies. Both approaches give similar results. Our analysis unequivocally states the case for the presence of extraplanar dust in between 6 and 10 large galaxies. The results reveal that both the disc scale length and height increase as a function of wavelength between 100 and 500 μ m. The dust disc scale height positively correlates with the dust disc scale length, similar to what is observed for the stellar discs. We also find correlations between the scale lengths and scale heights in the near- and far-infrared which suggest that the stellar discs and their dust counterparts are tightly connected. Furthermore, the intrinsic flattening of the dust disc is inversely proportional to the maximum rotation velocity and the dust mass of the galaxy: more massive spiral galaxies host, on average, relatively thinner dust discs. Also, there is a tendency for the dust-to-stellar scale height ratio to decrease with the dust mass and rotation velocity. We conclude that low-mass spiral galaxies host a diffuse, puffed-up dust disc with a thickness similar to that of the stellar disc.".
• 01GQF20SENRN4X20SJNP5WG802 abstract "Context. The Einasto model has become one of the most popular models for describing the density profile of dark matter haloes. There have been relatively few comprehensive studies on the dynamical structure of the Einasto model, mainly because only a limited number of properties can be calculated analytically. Aims: We want to systematically investigate the photometric and dynamical structure of the family of Einasto models over the entire model parameter space. Methods: We used the SpheCow code to explore the properties of the Einasto model. We systematically investigated how the most important properties change as a function of the Einasto index n. We considered both isotropic models and radially anisotropic models with an Osipkov-Merritt orbital structure. Results: We find that all Einasto models with n < 1/2 have a formal isotropic or Osipkov-Merritt distribution function that is negative in parts of phase space, and hence cannot be supported by such orbital structures. On the other hand, all models with larger values of n can be supported by an isotropic orbital structure, or by an Osipkov-Merritt anisotropy, as long as the anisotropy radius is larger than a critical value. This critical anisotropy radius is a decreasing function of n, indicating that less centrally concentrated models allow for a larger degree of radial anisotropy. Conclusions: Studies of the structure and dynamics of models for galaxies and dark matter haloes should not be restricted to completely analytical models. Numerical codes such as SpheCow can help open up the range of models that are systematically investigated. This applies to the Einasto model discussed here, but also to other proposed models for dark matter haloes, including different extensions to the Einasto model.".
• 01GQF26DTB4BEJ2QCBPB5NDHGV abstract "We apply the radiative transfer (RT) code SKIRT on a sample of ∼14000 low-redshift (z ≤ 0.1) galaxies extracted from the TNG50 simulation to enable an apples-to-apples comparison with observations. The RT procedure is calibrated via comparison of a subsample of TNG50 galaxies with the DustPedia observational sample: we compare several luminosity and colour scaling relations and spectral energy distributions in different specific SFR bins. We consistently derive galaxy luminosity functions for the TNG50 simulation in 14 broad-band filters from UV to submillimetre wavelengths and investigate the effects of the aperture, orientation, radiative transfer recipe, and numerical resolution. We find that, while our TNG50+RT fiducial model agrees well with the observed luminosity functions at the knee (±0.04 dex typical agreement), the TNG50 + RT luminosity functions evaluated within 5R1/2 are generally higher than observed at both the faint and bright ends, by 0.004 (total IR)-0.27 (UKIDSS H) dex and 0.12 (SPIRE250)-0.8 (GALEX FUV) dex, respectively. A change in the aperture does affect the bright end of the luminosity function, easily by up to 1 dex depending on the choice. However, we also find that the galaxy luminosity functions of a worse-resolution run of TNG50 (TNG50-2, with eight times worse mass resolution than TNG50, similar to TNG100) are in better quantitative agreement with observational constraints. Finally, we publicly release the photometry for the TNG50 sample in 53 broad-bands from FUV to submillimetre, in three orientations and four apertures, as well as galaxy spectral energy distributions.".
• 01GQF2CQ1EGNA24F743WDZ8HM8 abstract "Aims: We perform a homogeneous analysis of an unprecedented set of spatially resolved scaling relations (SRs) between interstellar medium (ISM) components, that is to say dust, gas, and gas-phase metallicity, and other galaxy properties, such as stellar mass (Mstar), total baryonic content, and star-formation rate (SFR), in a range of physical scales between 0.3 and 3.4 kpc. We also study some ratios between galaxy components: dust-to-stellar, dust-to-gas, and dust-to-metal ratios. Methods: We use a sample of 18 large, spiral, face-on DustPedia galaxies. The sample consists of galaxies with spatially resolved dust maps corresponding to 15 Herschel-SPIRE 500 μm resolution elements across the optical radius, with the morphological stage spanning from T = 2 to 8, Mstar from 2 × 109 to 1 × 1011 M⊙, SFR from 0.2 to 13 M⊙ yr−1, and oxygen abundance from 12 + log(O/H) = 8.3 to 8.8. Results: All the SRs are moderate or strong correlations except the dust-H I SR that does not exist or is weak for most galaxies. The SRs do not have a universal form but each galaxy is characterized by distinct correlations, affected by local processes and galaxy peculiarities. The SRs hold, on average, starting from the scale of 0.3 kpc, and if a breaking down scale exists it is below 0.3 kpc. By evaluating all galaxies together at the common scale of 3.4 kpc, differences due to peculiarities of individual galaxies are cancelled out and the corresponding SRs are consistent with those of whole galaxies. By comparing subgalactic and global scales, the most striking result emerges from the SRs involving ISM components: the dust-total gas SR is a good correlation at all scales, while the dust-H2 and dust-H I SRs are good correlations at subkiloparsec/kiloparsec and total scales, respectively. For the other explored SRs, there is a good agreement between small and global scales and this may support the picture where the main physical processes regulating the properties and evolution of galaxies occur locally. In this scenario, our results are consistent with the hypothesis of self-regulation of the star-formation process. The analysis of subgalactic ratios between galaxy components shows that they are consistent with those derived for whole galaxies, from low to high redshift, supporting the idea that also these ratios could be set by local processes. Conclusions: Our results highlight the heterogeneity of galaxy properties and the importance of resolved studies on local galaxies in the context of galaxy evolution. They also provide fundamental observational constraints to theoretical models and updated references for high-redshift studies.".
• 01GQF2M67RDQBW64ABYSWVT60P abstract "Dust emission from high-redshift galaxies gives us a clue to the origin and evolution of dust in the early Universe. Previous studies have shown that different sources of dust (stellar dust production and dust growth in dense clouds) predict different ultraviolet (UV) extinction curves for galaxies at z ~ 7 but that the observed attenuation curves depend strongly on the geometry of dust and star distributions. Thus, we perform radiative transfer calculations under the dust-star geometries computed by a cosmological hydrodynamic simulation (IllustrisTNG). This serves to investigate the dust attenuation curves predicted from 'realistic' geometries. We choose objects with stellar mass and star formation rate appropriate for Lyman break galaxies at z ~ 7. We find that the attenuation curves are very different from the original extinction curves in most of the galaxies. This makes it difficult to constrain the dominant dust sources from the observed attenuation curves. We further include infrared dust emission in the analysis and plot the infrared excess (IRX)-UV spectral slope (β) diagram. We find that different sources of dust cause different IRX-β relations for the simulated galaxies. In particular, if dust growth is the main source of dust, a variation of dust-to-metal ratio causes a more extended sequence with smaller IRX in the IRX-β diagram. Thus, the comprehensive analysis of the abundance of dust and metals, the UV slope, and the dust emission could provide a clue to the dominant dust sources in the Universe.".
• 01GQF4EKANB76PPB2BAMW6FZCT abstract "Surfactants are amphiphilic molecules that are an essential ingredient for a broad range ofindustrial and domestic applications. The current market, however, is dominated by surfactants produced by polluting processes and petroleum-based surfactants still account for half of the market. Biosurfactants offer a more sustainable alternative, with an increasing interest for biosurfactants produced by microorganisms in particular. However, their more widespread usage is hampered by multiple factors, such as the limited structural diversity compared to the myriad of chemical structures provided by conventional surfactants, thus restricting the number of applications in which the current biosurfactants can be used. The yeast Starmerella bombicola is one of the most promising biosurfactant producing microorganisms and its sophorolipids (SLs) have already found their way into a couple of consumer products. In the presented research, genetic engineering of S. bombicola was performed to further broaden its product portfolio beyond the ‘natural’ SLs. This way, the biosynthesis of two new-to-nature glycoside biosurfactants was attained, i.e. acetylated and non-acetylated glucosides (GSs). Production of the acetylated GSs was upscaled from shakeflasks to a 7.5 L bioreactor, which yielded 40 g/L of product. As this is the first time such compounds have been produced, no established purification method was available yet. Therefore, two different purification routes were evaluated at lab scale. Thus, this is the first report on the production and purification of (non-)acetylated GSs, produced by a genetically engineered S. bombicola strain, which might open up new product applications for biosurfactants in the nearby future.".
• 01GQF4QWEBSH4R316C0Q225DZC abstract "The cytosolic carboxypeptidase 6 (CCP6) catalyzes the deglutamylation of polyglutamate side chains, a post-translational modification that affects proteins such as tubulins or nucleosome assembly proteins. CCP6 is involved in several cell processes, such as spermatogenesis, antiviral activity, embryonic development, and pathologies like renal adenocarcinoma. In the present work, the cellular role of CCP6 has been assessed by BioID, a proximity labeling approach for mapping physiologically relevant protein-protein interactions (PPIs) and bait proximal proteins by mass spectrometry. We used HEK 293 cells stably expressing CCP6-BirA* to identify 37 putative interactors of this enzyme. This list of CCP6 proximal proteins displayed enrichment of proteins associated with the centrosome and centriolar satellites, indicating that CCP6 could be present in the pericentriolar material. In addition, we identified cilium assembly-related proteins as putative interactors of CCP6. In addition, the CCP6 proximal partner list included five proteins associated with the Joubert syndrome, a ciliopathy linked to defects in polyglutamylation. Using the proximity ligation assay (PLA), we show that PCM1, PIBF1, and NudC are true CCP6 physical interactors. Therefore, the BioID methodology confirms the location and possible functional role of CCP6 in centrosomes and centrioles, as well as in the formation and maintenance of primary cilia.".
• 01GQF5QT90Y6D622P6J1V0N2YT abstract "The chaperone SecB has been implicated in de novo protein folding and translocation across the membrane, but it remains unclear which nascent polypeptides SecB binds, when during translation SecB acts, how SecB function is coordinated with other chaperones and targeting factors, and how polypeptide engagement contributes to protein biogenesis. Using selective ribosome profiling, we show that SecB binds many nascent cytoplasmic and translocated proteins generally late during translation and controlled by the chaperone trigger factor. Revealing an uncharted role in co-translational translocation, inner membrane proteins (IMPs) are the most prominent nascent SecB interactors. Unlike other substrates, IMPs are bound early during translation, following the membrane targeting by the signal recognition particle. SecB remains bound until translation is terminated, and contributes to membrane insertion. Our study establishes a role of SecB in the co-translational maturation of proteins from all cellular compartments and functionally implicates cytosolic chaperones in membrane protein biogenesis.".
• 01GQF680ZFSY2W8YW227J0Y3PX abstract "Achtergrond: Elektroconvulsietherapie (ECT) is een doeltreffende behandeling voor stemmingsstoornissen. Er bestaat echter weinig wetenschappelijke consensus over de veiligheid bij patiënten met metallische schedelimplantaten, die een hoger risico lopen op stemmingsstoornissen. Doel: Bundelen van de bestaande literatuur over de veiligheid en doeltreffendheid van ECT bij metallische schedelimplantaten. Methode: We doorzochten PubMed naar relevante casusbeschrijvingen en eerdere overzichtsartikelen gepubliceerd sinds 1950. Resultaten: We vonden 37 relevante casussen. In geen enkele casus trad een complicatie op die toe te schrijven was aan de interactie tussen ECT en een metallisch schedelimplantaat. In 95% van de casussen was het psychiatrisch resultaat positief. Conclusie: Aan de hand van de beschikbare literatuur zijn er geen argumenten dat het gebruik van ECT bij patiënten met metallische implantaten gevaarlijk is. Met de nodige voorzichtigheid en correcte indicatiestelling kan men deze behandeling op individuele basis overwegen.".
• 01GQF6S6CFSZYHBW8K671H8M6E abstract "Objective: To determine the association between lifestyle risk factors with 1/ the Multiple Sclerosis Severity Score (MSSS) and 2/ ongoing subclinical brain damage in non-active MS patients on high-efficacy treatment. Methods: Cross-sectional study in persons with Multiple Sclerosis (PwMS) investigating lifestyle factors including cognitive reserve (CR), physical activity (PA), smoking status, alcohol use, dietary habits, body mass index (BMI), blood pressure (BP) and cholesterol ratio. Data were collected through validated questionnaires, clinical and laboratory examination. Serum Neurofilament light chain (sNfL) levels were used as a proxy for ongoing brain damage in a subgroup of persons with non-active MS on high-efficacy treatment. Multiple regression analysis (MRA) models explored the relationship between lifestyle factors with the MSSS score and sNfL. Results: 351 PwMS were included (43.04 +/- 11.77 years, 69.8% female). Higher CR and PA were associated with a lower MSSS; overweight or obesity and higher systolic BP with a higher MSSS. The MRA model explained 22.2% of the variance for MSSS (R-2.255, adjusted R-2.222). Higher BMI and BP were related to lower sNfL. Twenty-3% (R-2.279, adjusted R-2.230) of the variance was explained in the MRA model for sNfL. Conclusion: Our study suggests an association between a 'brain healthy lifestyle' with disability progression in MS. A cognitive and physical active lifestyle alongside a normal body weight and blood pressure may help to prevent future disability in MS. Longitudinal and interventional research is necessary to gain insight in the causal pathway of these risk factors in preventing disability progression in MS.".
• 01GQF8QMN3X3RT5PTM318ND09D abstract "We study the phase diagram of the (1 + 1)-dimensional Gross-Neveu model with both g(x)(2)(psi psi)(2) and g(y)(2)(psi i gamma(5)psi)(2) interaction terms on a spatial lattice. The continuous chiral symmetry, which is present in the continuum model when g(x)(2) = g(y)(2), has a mixed 't Hooft anomaly with the charge conservation symmetry, which guarantees the existence of a massless mode. However, the same 't Hooft anomaly also implies that the continuous chiral symmetry is broken explicitly in our lattice model. Nevertheless, from numerical matrix product state simulations we find that for certain parameters of the lattice model, the continuous chiral symmetry reemerges in the infrared fixed point theory, even at strong coupling. We argue that, in order to understand this phenomenon, it is crucial to go beyond mean-field theory (or, equivalently, beyond the leading order term in a 1/N expansion). Interestingly, on the lattice, the chiral Gross-Neveu model appears at a Landau-forbidden second order phase transition separating two distinct and unrelated symmetry-breaking orders. We point out the crucial role of two different 't Hooft anomalies or Lieb-Schultz-Mattis obstructions for this Landau-forbidden phase transition to occur.".
• 01GQF8VVVY715SEBQFAP6VBC3F abstract "Carnosine (β-alanyl-L-histidine) and its methylated analogues anserine and balenine are highly concentrated endogenous dipeptides in mammalian skeletal muscle that are implicated in exercise performance. Balenine has a much better bioavailability and stability in human circulation upon acute ingestion, compared to carnosine and anserine. Therefore, ergogenic effects observed with acute carnosine and anserine supplementation may be even more pronounced with balenine. This study investigated whether acute balenine supplementation improves physical performance in four maximal and submaximal exercise modalities. A total of 20 healthy, active volunteers (14 males; six females) performed cycling sprints, maximal isometric contractions, a 4-km TT and 20-km TT following either preexercise placebo or 10 mg/kg of balenine ingestion. Physical, as well as mental performance, along with acid-base balance and glucose concentration were assessed. Balenine was unable to augment peak power (p = .3553), peak torque (p = .3169), time to complete the 4 km (p = .8566), nor 20 km time trial (p = .2660). None of the performances were correlated with plasma balenine or CN1 enzyme activity. In addition, no effect on pH, bicarbonate, and lactate was observed. Also, the supplement did not affect mental performance. In contrast, glucose remained higher during and after the 20 km time trial following balenine ingestion. In conclusion, these results overall indicate that the functionality of balenine does not fully resemble that of carnosine and anserine, since it was unable to elicit performance improvements with similar and even higher plasma concentrations.".
• 01GQF8X6RZVMXJDCMA82F9E631 abstract "We study magic angle graphene in the presence of both strain and particle-hole symmetry breaking due to nonlocal interlayer tunneling. We perform a self-consistent Hartree-Fock study that incorporates these effects alongside realistic interaction and substrate potentials and explore a comprehensive set of competing orders including those that break translational symmetry at arbitrary wave vectors. We find that at all nonzero integer fillings very small strains, comparable to those measured in scanning tunneling experiments, stabilize a fundamentally new type of time-reversal-symmetric and spatially nonuniform order. This order, which we dub the "incommensurate Kelcule spiral" (IKS) order, spontaneously breaks both the emergent valley-charge conservation and moire translation symmetries but preserves a modified translation symmetry (T) over cap'-which simultaneously shifts the spatial coordinates and rotates the U(1) angle which characterizes the spontaneous intervalley coherence. We discuss the phenomenological and microscopic properties of this order. We argue that our findings are consistent with all experimental observations reported so far, suggesting a unified explanation of the global phase diagram in terms of the IKS order.".
• 01GQF8YSCN4MTTRR58QEMMTDZ2 abstract "We investigate the full doping and strain-dependent phase diagram of the normal state of magic-angle twisted bilayer graphene (TBG). Using comprehensive Hartree-Fock calculations, we show that at temperatures where superconductivity is absent the global phase structure can be understood based on the competition and coexistence between three types of intertwined orders: a fully symmetric phase, spatially uniform flavor-symmetry-breaking states, and an incommensurate Kekule spiral (IKS) order. For small strain, the IKS phase, recently proposed as a candidate order at all nonzero integer fillings of the moire unit cell, is found to be ubiquitous for noninteger doping as well. We demonstrate that the corresponding electronic compressibility and Fermi surface structure are consistent with the "cascade" physics and Landau fans observed experimentally. This suggests a unified picture of the phase diagram of TBG in terms of IKS order.".
• 01GQF906ND5AZ169ZCNDBNKJPG abstract "We study the excitations that emerge upon doping the translationally invariant correlated insulating states in magic-angle twisted bilayer graphene at various integer filling factors v. We identify parameter regimes where these are excitations associated with skyrmion textures in the spin or pseudospin degrees of freedom, and explore both short-distance pairing effects and the formation of long-range ordered skyrmion crystals. We perform a comprehensive analysis of the pseudospin skyrmions that emerge upon doping insulators at even v, delineating the regime in parameter space where these are the lowest-energy charged excitations by means of self-consistent Hartree-Fock calculations on the interacting Bistritzer-MacDonald model. We explicitly demonstrate the purely electron-mediated pairing of skyrmions, a key ingredient behind a recent proposal of skyrmion superconductivity. Building upon this, we construct hopping models to extract the effective masses of paired skyrmions, and discuss our findings and their implications for skyrmion superconductivity in relation to experiments, focusing on the dome-shaped dependence of the transition temperature on the twist angle. We also investigate the properties of spin skyrmions about the quantized anomalous Hall insulator at v = +3. In both cases, we demonstrate the formation of robust spin or pseudospin skyrmion crystals upon doping to a finite density away from integer filling.".
• 01GQF91F1WRRP5WQDFR3XBHF2J abstract "We investigate the effect of uniaxial heterostrain on the interacting phase diagram of magic-angle twisted bilayer graphene. Using both self-consistent Hartree-Fock and density-matrix renormalization group calculations, we find that small strain values (epsilon similar to 0.1%-0.2%) drive a zero-temperature phase transition between the symmetry-broken "Kramers intervalley-coherent" insulator and a nematic semimetal. The critical strain lies within the range of experimentally observed strain values, and we therefore predict that strain is at least partly responsible for the sample-dependent experimental observations.".
• 01GQF92TG8MAADYJFFENXKAN15 abstract "We present an infinite density-matrix renormalization group (DMRG) study of an interacting continuum model of twisted bilayer graphene (tBLG) near the magic angle. Because of the long-range Coulomb interaction and the large number of orbital degrees of freedom, tBLG is difficult to study with standard DMRG techniques-even constructing and storing the Hamiltonian already poses a major challenge. To overcome these difficulties, we use a recently developed compression procedure to obtain a matrix product operator representation of the interacting tBLG Hamiltonian which we show is both efficient and accurate even when including the spin, valley, and orbital degrees of freedom. To benchmark our approach, we focus mainly on the spinless, single-valley version of the problem where, at half filling, we find that the ground state is a nematic semimetal. Remarkably, we find that the ground state is essentially a k-space Slater determinant, so that Hartree-Fock and DMRG give virtually identical results for this problem. Our results show that the effects of long-range interactions in magic angle graphene can be efficiently simulated with DMRG and open up a new route for numerically studying strong correlation physics in spinful, two-valley tBLG, and other moire materials in future work.".
• 01GQF94CBYHYRTAQB5Z32P1JK8 abstract "We consider twisted bilayer graphene on a transition metal dichalcogenide substrate, where proximity-induced spin-orbit coupling significantly alters the eight flat bands which occur near the magic angle. The resulting band structure features a pair of extremely flat bands across most of the mini-Brillouin zone. Further details depend sensitively on the symmetries of the heterostructure; we find semiconducting band structures when all twofold rotations around the in-plane axis are broken, and semimetallic band structures otherwise. We calculate the Chern numbers of the different isolated bands, and identify the parameter regimes and filling factors where valley Chern insulators and topological insulators are realized. Interestingly, we find that for realistic values of the proximity-induced terms, it is possible to realize a topological insulator protected by time-reversal symmetry by doping two holes or two electrons per superlattice unit cell into the system.".
• 01GQF962QS693K1EMW91HB1649 abstract "We consider magic-angle graphene in the doping regime around charge neutrality, and we study the connection between a recently proposed intervalley coherent insulator at zero doping and the neighboring superconducting domes. The magic-angle graphene continuum model has an emergent U(1) valley-charge conservation symmetry and an emergent SU(2) symmetry corresponding to opposite spin rotations in the two valleys. The intervalley coherent insulator spontaneously breaks both these emergent symmetries, and as a result has four Goldstone modes that couple to doped charge carriers. We derive the effective interaction mediated by the Goldstone modes, and we study its role in electron pair formation. The SU(2) Goldstone modes generate a ferromagnetic interaction, which is attractive in spin-triplet pairing channels and repulsive in spin-singlet channels. From a weak-coupling BCS calculation, we find the leading superconducting instability in the p-wave channel.".
• 01GQF977QZG42F2MYJNQ8YZK65 abstract "Topological solitons, a class of stable nonlinear excitations, appear in diverse domains as in the Skyrme model of nuclear forces. Here, we argue that similar excitations play an important role in a remarkable material obtained on stacking and twisting two sheets of graphene. Close to a magic twist angle, insulating behavior is observed, which gives way to superconductivity on doping. Here, we propose a unifying description of both observations. A symmetry breaking condensate leads to the ordered insulator, while topological solitons in the condensate-skyrmions-are shown to be charge 2e bosons. Condensation of skyrmions leads to a superconductor, whose physical properties we calculate. More generally, we show how topological textures can mitigate Coulomb repulsion and provide a previously unexplored route to superconductivity. Our mechanism not only clarifies why several other moire materials do not show superconductivity but also points to unexplored platforms where robust superconductivity is anticipated.".
• 01GQF9JRM51TFT4B5NDD72W1J4 abstract "Metastable topological states are known to arise when chiral liquid crystal (CLC) is infiltrated in a geometry with strong confinement. This study demonstrates an alternative approach to obtain multistable states, by combining patterned surface anchoring with CLC in a less confined geometry. Long pitch CLC is introduced between two 1D periodically rotating anchoring patterns at the top and bottom substrate with perpendicular rotation direction. Voltage-induced switching is observed by polarizing optical microscopy and diffraction measurements. For some voltages two different stable topological states appear and electrical switching between these two states occurs via a hysteresis loop. The chirality in the LC material induces the formation of a new topological state at low voltages, which is not observed in nonchiral LC cells with the same anchoring configuration. Hysteresis switching between different optical states may find applications in low-power devices with internal memory.".
• 01GQF9M2K5RC03VAG1XZ77296T abstract "The concern about the interconnectedness between the under- and upperworld, and more specifically the relationship between organised crime and legitimate businesses, is a recurring element in the analysis of organised crime. At this financial-economic level, organised criminals (ab)use regular enterprises to carry out their criminal activities and this by using different methods and strategies. Various studies have shown that certain business sectors are more vulnerable to criminal interference than others. This presentation will look deeper into the crime-business nexus in Belgium. Several security experts from various actors in Belgium and The Netherlands were interviewed about this particular phenomenon and a first analysis of their findings will be presented. More specific, the criminal indicators or red flags.".
• 01GQFACVN7M79HSEAVZSS7D5CG abstract "A full classification (up to equivalence) of all minimal blocking sets in Desarguesian projective planes of order <= 8 $\le 8$ was obtained by computer. The resulting numbers of minimal blocking sets are tabulated according to size of the set and order of the automorphism group. For the minimal blocking sets with the larger automorphism groups explicit descriptions are given. Some of these results can also be generalised to Desarguesian projective planes of higher order.".
• 01GQFAWWGQAQ9R78D9RBZNWXDT abstract "Background Land-use is a major driver of changes in biodiversity worldwide, but studies have overwhelmingly focused on above-ground taxa: the effects on soil biodiversity are less well known, despite the importance of soil organisms in ecosystem functioning. We modelled data from a global biodiversity database to compare how the abundance of soil-dwelling and above-ground organisms responded to land use and soil properties. Results We found that land use affects overall abundance differently in soil and above-ground assemblages. The abundance of soil organisms was markedly lower in cropland and plantation habitats than in primary vegetation and pasture. Soil properties influenced the abundance of soil biota in ways that differed among land uses, suggesting they shape both abundance and its response to land use. Conclusions Our results caution against assuming models or indicators derived from above-ground data can apply to soil assemblages and highlight the potential value of incorporating soil properties into biodiversity models.".
• 01GQFAWZWYYWWX3PXKH0G8ZRTP abstract "Central line-associated bloodstream infections (CLABSI) cause increased morbidity, mortality, and hospital costs that are partially preventable. The phenomenon of seasonality among CLABSI rates has not been fully elucidated, but has implications for accurate surveillance and infection prevention trials. Longitudinal dynamic cohort of hospitals participating in hospital-wide and intensive care unit bloodstream infection surveillance for at least one full year over 2000 to 2014. Mixed-effects negative binomial regression analysis calculated the peak-to-low ratio between months as an adjusted CLABSI incidence rate ratio (IRR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). Multivariate regression models examined the associations between CLABSI pathogens and ambient temperature and relative humidity. The study population included 104 hospital sites comprising 11,239 CLABSI. Regression analysis identified a hospital-wide increase in total CLABSI during July-August, with a higher gram-negative peak-to-low incidence rate ratio (IRR 2.52 [95% CI 1.92-3.30], p < 0.001) compared to gram-positive bacteria (IRR 1.29 [95% CI 1.11-1.48], p < 0.001). Subgroup analysis replicated this trend for CLABSI diagnosed in the intensive care unit. Only gram-negative CLABSI rates were associated with increased temperature (IRR + 30.3% per 5 degrees C increase [95% CI 17.3-43.6], p < 0.001) and humidity (IRR + 22.9% per 10% increase [95% CI 7.7-38.3), p < 0.001). The incidence and proportion of gram-negative CLABSI approximately doubled during the summer periods. Ambient temperature and humidity were associated with increases of hospital-acquired gram-negative infections. CLABSI surveillance, preventive intervention trials and epidemiological studies should consider seasonal variation and climatological factors when preparing study designs or interpreting their results.".
• 01GQFB1P9EMFK8PBH4ND5RP791 abstract "Technological advances are key to maximizing the information potential in electronic tagging studies. Acoustic tags inform on the location of tagged animals when they are in the range of an acoustic receiver, whereas archival tags render continuous time series of logged sensor measurements, from which trajectories can be inferred. We applied a newly developed acoustic data storage tag (ADST) on 154 animals of three fish species to investigate the potential of this combination tag. Fish trajectories were reconstructed from logged depth and temperature histories using an existing geolocation modelling approach, adapted to include a likelihood for acoustic detections. Out of 126 detected fish (accounting for over 700,000 detections) and 25 tag recoveries, eight ADSTs rendered both acoustic and archival data. These combined data could validate that the original geolocation model performed adequately in locating the fish trajectories in space. The acoustic data improved the timing of the daily position estimates. Acoustic and archival tagging technologies provided highly complementary information on fish movement patterns and could partly overcome the limitations of either technique. Furthermore, the ongoing developments to acoustically transmit summary statistics of logged data would further increase the information potential of combination tags when tracking aquatic species.".
• 01GQFB2NAF33FHMABWZP9KD3WV abstract "In comprehensive two-dimensional liquid chromatography (LC x LC), solvents of high eluotropic strength are frequently used in the first dimension (1D), which lead to peak broadening in the second dimension (2D). In the majority of the current LC x LC column combinations, analytes are less than optimally refocused upon transfer to the second column, which negatively affects sensitivity. Furthermore, the typical combination of 1 or 2.1 mm columns in the 1D paired with a 3 mm (or broader) column in the 2D leads to at least a 9-or 4-fold dilution and a corresponding loss of sensitivity when using concentration-sensitive detectors. This occurs due to the enhanced radial dilution of the analytes in a broader column, while the sensitivity problem is further exacerbated in LC x LC due to the high flow operated 2D. In this paper, we introduce a solution to neutralize and inverse this dilution problem through a reconcentrating solution using temperature-responsive liquid chromatography (TRLC) in the 1D, which is a purely aqueous separation mode. Full solute refocusing at the 2D column head is thereby obtained when TRLC is combined with reversed-phase liquid chromatography (RPLC). This is shown for the combination of a 2.1 mm I.D. TRLC column with decreasing RPLC column diameters (3-2.1-1 mm) operated at the same linear velocities, hence a resulting decrease in dilution, respectively. Ultraviolet (UV) and electrospray ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (ESI-TOF-MS) detection were used to determine the experimental detection limits. Sensitivity improvements with UV detection were somewhat lower than expected, but represent similar to 1.5-and 3-fold sensitivity enhancement when using a 1 mm I.D. column compared to 2.1 or 3 mm I.D. columns in the 2D, respectively. This is attributed to extra-column dispersion and the poorer performance of 1 mm I.D. columns. A major benefit of the use of 1 mm I.D. columns in the 2D is that it allows split-free coupling of 2D effluent with ESI-MS (at 450 mu L/min), making the coupling robust and simple. When using ESI-MS even better, albeit more variable, sensitivity enhancements were obtained on the narrower columns. The benefits of the methodology are demonstrated for paraben test solutes and for phenolic compounds in a blueberry extract by TRLC x RPLC-UV-ESI-TOF-MS.".

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