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• 01GT1YTWY60PG8ZMHK1SE9Y0HS abstract "We study the cyclic inventory routing problem in which a geographically dispersed set of retailers with stochastic demand rates is replenished from a single depot. An infinite horizon is considered, and a fixed-partition policy is adopted that partitions the retailers into subsets that are always replenished together in the same route. Thus, routes must be designed, and their cycle times chosen such that routing costs and inventory costs are balanced. Furthermore, the retailer demand variability must be buffered to obtain a certain service level. A complication occurs when the cumulative demand per cycle of the retailers in a route exceeds the limited vehicle capacity. This results in shortfall because retailers are not fully replenished, which affects the service level and cost balance. We deal with the demand variability and the resulting shortfall by providing a combination of buffers during the route design: slack vehicle capacity, backup vehicle capacity, and safety stock at the retailers. An approximate method is presented for determining the safety stock levels and is integrated into a state-of-the art metaheuristic solution approach for cyclic inventory routing. Computational experiments show that demand variability can be buffered cost efficiently in a cyclic planning approach and that demand variability and shortfall should be taken into account during the route design rather than in a postprocessing step.".
• 01GT1ZB63XHPN5JAENHF0A1JJP abstract "BackgroundCardiovascular risk is increased in transgender persons using gender-affirming hormone therapy. To gain insight into the mechanism by which sex hormones affect cardiovascular risk in transgender persons, we investigated the effect of hormone therapy on markers of inflammation and hemostasis. MethodsIn this exploratory study, 48 trans women using estradiol patches plus cyproterone acetate (CPA) and 47 trans men using testosterone gel were included. They were between 18 and 50 years old and did not have a history of cardiovascular events. Measurements were performed before and after 3 and 12 months of hormone therapy. ResultsAfter 12 months, in trans women, systemic and endothelial inflammatory markers decreased (hs-CRP -66%, (95% CI -76; -53), VCAM-1-12%, (95% CI -16; -8)), while platelet activation markers increased (PF-4 +17%, (95% CI 4; 32), beta-thromboglobulin +13%, (95% CI 2; 24)). The coagulation marker fibrinogen increased transiently, after 3 months (+15%, (95% CI 1; 32)). In trans men, hs-CRP increased (+71%, (95% CI 19; 145)); platelet activation and coagulation markers were not altered. In both trans women and trans men, leptin and adiponectin changed towards reference values of the experienced gender. ConclusionsPlatelet activation and coagulation marker concentrations increased in trans women using transdermal estradiol plus CPA, but not in trans men using testosterone. Also, concentrations of inflammatory markers decreased in trans women, while hs-CRP increased in trans men. Our results indicate that hormone therapy may affect hemostasis in transgender persons, which could be an underlying mechanism explaining the increased cardiovascular risk in this population.".
• 01GT1ZNGH20Y575P1XBBHFY6PX abstract "Ambitious renewables targets of the EU call for creating a flexible electricity system accommodating and facilitating the integration of large-scale intermittent renewable electricity. To further exploit the considerable potential of demand flexibility, final customers need to be fully mobilised to offer their flexibility to electricity markets. The independent flexibility service provider (IFSP) operates independently from the electricity supplier and has a separate balance responsible party (BRP), which plays a key role to that end. However, in activating demand flexibility, suppliers and BRPs are affected and thus likely to impose barriers or restrictions on market entry of IFSPs. This analysis utilizes legal-empirical research to closely examine how to promote broader market participation of IFSPs by regulating their relationships with affected suppliers and BRPs. In doing so, the Belgian regulatory framework is used as a case study. This article further analyses the remaining regulatory gaps and challenges of the Belgian framework.".
• 01GT1ZZT1M67BVA1BVP4HC8CQH abstract "The cyclic inventory routing problem (IRP) considers a set of retailers with stable demand rates being replenished from a central warehouse over an infinite horizon. The retailers are partitioned into subsets, each covered by a vehicle route that is periodically repeated. The route cycle times are chosen such that the costs of making the route are balanced with inventory-related costs at the retailers in the route. When the retailer demand rates are stochastic, safety stock is required and the cost trade-off is extended to include expected stockout costs. The amount of safety stock and the stockout risk depend on the route cycle time. Stochastic demand rates also result in variable replenishment quantities from one cycle to the next. There is thus a certain risk that the cumulative replenishment quantity of the retailers in a route exceeds the vehicle capacity. This risk also depends on the route cycle time. To cover this risk, additional measures are necessary. We consider two possibilities. Either an expedited shipment is initiated whenever the vehicle capacity is exceeded, or additional safety stock is kept at the retailers to make up for the replenishments that are slightly less than needed every now and then. We present local-search heuristics to design routes and optimize the cycle times for this cyclic IRP with stochastic demand rates and limited vehicle capacities. Computational results provide insights into the intricate trade-off between the various cost elements.".
• 01GT20PSFRAQGJBXEJX9YXZYEC abstract "We consider the cyclic inventory routing problem (IRP), where multiple retailers with constant demand rates and limited storage capacities are replenished from a single depot over a given multi-day planning horizon, while minimizing the total cost rate. This total cost rate consists of the fixed cost of the required vehicles, the vehicle routing costs and the retailers’ inventory holding costs. The same multi-period solution will be cyclically repeated, hence the retailers’ ending inventory levels must match their initial inventory levels. For solving small-size instances of this cyclic IRP, we propose two mathematical formulations and evaluate various implementations of branch-and-cut (B&C) algorithms to solve these formulations. With regards to the formulation, the complication is in the fact that a vehicle can make multiple trips per day, within a limited amount of time. One formulation has routing variables defined per trip, requiring extra variables to assign trips to vehicles. The alternative formulation has routing variables defined per vehicle, requiring extra variables to track which retailer is in which trip. Concerning the B&C algorithms, the major challenges are coming up with valid inequalities to tighten the formulations and identifying which constraints to add in the root and which as lazy constraints. Based on solving a set of benchmark instances, insights are provided on the formulations as well as the performance of various B&C implementations.".
• 01GT20TDZN1QE3A507QGDFF7R8 abstract "The role of high-dose chemotherapy followed by autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) in the treatment of myeloma (MM) patients with severe and/or dialysis-dependent renal impairment remains uncertain. We report on the outcomes of 110 patients (median age 57 years) who had become dialysis-dependent pre-ASCT and who underwent a first ASCT between 1997 and 2017. Sixty-three (57%) patients had light chain MM. All patients required dialysis (94% hemodialysis and 6% peritoneal). Forty-four of 71 (62%) patients received bortezomib-based induction regimens and 42 (39%) patients had achieved at least a very good partial response (VGPR) pre-ASCT. Melphalan dosing was as follows: <= 140 mg/m(2) (82%), and >140 mg/m(2) (18%). The median PFS after ASCT was 35 months (95% CI: 21.5-42.2) and the median OS 102 months (95% CI: 70.4-129.1). At 1, 2, and 5 years after ASCT, 8% (95% CI 3-14%), 13% (6-20%), and 20% (12-29%) of patients, respectively, had achieved dialysis independence. In multivariate analyses of OS and PFS including age at ASCT, response at ASCT, and year of ASCT, younger age at ASCT and better response at ASCT (CR/VGPR/PR vs. MR/SD/progression) were significantly associated with better OS and PFS.".
• 01GT21CCARYCJG633FGE0C4A9T abstract "Purpose We compared the prevalence of COVID-19 and related mortality in nursing homes (NHs) in 14 countries until October 2021. We explored the relationship between COVID-19 mortality in NHs with the average size of NHs and with the COVID-19 deaths at a population level. Methods The total number of COVID-19 cases and COVID-19-related deaths in all NHs as well as the total number of NHs and NH beds were provided by representatives of 14 countries. The population level respective figures in each country were provided up to October 2021. Results There was a wide variation in prevalence of COVID-19 cases and deaths between countries. We observed a significant correlation between COVID-19 deaths in NHs and that of the total population and between the mean size of NHs and COVID-19 deaths. Conclusion Side-by-side comparisons between countries allow international sharing of good practice to better enable future pandemic preparedness.".
• 01GT21S2PDQGC275S10VC75TZW abstract "Most of the currently known heterozygous pathogenic NFKB1 (Nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1) variants comprise deleterious defects such as severe truncations, internal deletions, and frameshift variants. Collectively, these represent the most frequent monogenic cause of common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) identified so far. NFKB1 encodes the transcription factor precursor p105 which undergoes limited proteasomal processing of its C-terminal half to generate the mature NF-kappa B subunit p50. Whereas p105/p50 haploinsufficiency due to devastating genetic damages and protein loss is a well-known disease mechanism, the pathogenic significance of numerous NFKB1 missense variants still remains uncertain and/or unexplored, due to the unavailability of accurate test procedures to confirm causality. In this study we functionally characterized 47 distinct missense variants residing within the N-terminal domains, thus affecting both proteins, the p105 precursor and the processed p50. Following transient overexpression of EGFP-fused mutant p105 and p50 in HEK293T cells, we used fluorescence microscopy, Western blotting, electrophoretic mobility shift assays (EMSA), and reporter assays to analyze their effects on subcellular localization, protein stability and precursor processing, DNA binding, and on the RelA-dependent target promoter activation, respectively. We found nine missense variants to cause harmful damage with intensified protein decay, while two variants left protein stability unaffected but caused a loss of the DNA-binding activity. Seven of the analyzed single amino acid changes caused ambiguous protein defects and four variants were associated with only minor adverse effects. For 25 variants, test results were indistinguishable from those of the wildtype controls, hence, their pathogenic impact remained elusive. In summary, we show that pathogenic missense variants affecting the Rel-homology domain may cause protein-decaying defects, thus resembling the disease-mechanisms of p105/p50 haploinsufficiency or may cause DNA-binding deficiency. However, rare variants (with a population frequency of less than 0.01%) with minor abnormalities or with neutral tests should still be considered as potentially pathogenic, until suitable tests have approved them being benign.".
• 01GT21VFKH5SFHN01DZTWNVEZW abstract "Objectives To explore the quality of in-hospital end-of-life care in adult patients with special attention to those 75 years and older and to make a comparison with the situation 10 years ago. Methods Data were retrospectively collected on adult patients who deceased at Ghent University Hospital between September 2018 and December 2019. The main outcome measures were 'ICU use' and 'presence of DNR forms on non-ICU units' in the final hospitalization. In order to identify possible risk factors for ICU use, logistic regression was performed. Results In total, 762 people died, of whom 35% were 75 or older. Just as 10 years ago, one-third (31%) died in the ICU versus 49% of those younger than 75 years (p < 0.001). Of people >= 75 years, 38%, compared to 42% 10 years ago, received an ICU treatment during their final hospitalization. The median length of an ICU stay was 4 versus 3 days 10 years ago. After adjusting for gender, comorbidities and the Charlson Comorbidity Index, factors associated with less ICU use were higher age, active malignancy and dementia (OR 0.838, 0.116 and 0.098 respectively). Seventy-nine percent of older patients on non-ICU wards died with a DNR form (versus 87% 10 years ago). Conclusion Although there was an increase in the presence of DNR forms in the final hospitalization, no significant differences were seen in actual ICU use compared to 10 years ago. Factors associated with less ICU use were higher age, active malignancy and dementia.".
• 01GT220CJMSR9RH1D1YEPWH4PB abstract "We performed a registry study on therapy-related myeloid neoplasm (t-MN), both therapy-related myelodysplastic syndrome (t-MDS) and acute myeloid leukemia (t-AML) following treatment for breast cancer who underwent a first allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplant (allo-HCT). Of 252 identified female patients (median age 57 years), 77% were transplanted for t-AML and 23% for t-MDS, with a median time from breast cancer diagnosis to the diagnosis of tMN and subsequent allo-HCT of 3.7 and 4.6 years, respectively. At transplant, 191 patients were in remission for breast cancer, while 4 were not (57 missing). T-MN was in a complete remission at the time of transplant in 67% of patients. 2-year overall survival, relapse free-survival, relapse incidence and non-relapse mortality were 50%, 45%, 33%, and 22%, respectively. Multivariable analysis revealed that if the t-MN was not in CR pre-transplant, this was associated with lower OS, RFS, and a higher relapse incidence. Seventeen cases of breast cancer recurrence were recorded after a median of 2.4 years post-transplant, and relapse of primary breast cancer accounted for 7% of deaths. This study indicates that allo-HCT for t-MN following treatment for breast cancer shows encouraging transplant outcomes. The incidence of breast cancer relapse post-transplant remains a cause for concern.".
• 01GT2297QRHQVE79XY07YY2WXN abstract "Background A palliative care approach (PCA), including advanced care planning (ACP), should be considered for patients with limited life expectancy. The Belgian Palliative Care Indicators Tool (Be-PICT) has been released to help identify patients who may benefit from such approach. This study aimed at measuring 1-year mortality and describe the quality of life in older inpatients, according to baseline Be-PICT results. Methods Prospective multicentre cohort study in older patients (>= 75 years) admitted at geriatrics and cardiology wards of four Belgian hospitals. The palliative profile was defined as a positive Be-PICT.1, defined by the presence of its three criteria, i.e. a negative physician's answer to the surprise question 'would you be surprised if this patient dies in the 6-12 next months?', >= 1 poor health indicator and >= 1 life-limiting condition. Results Of the 379 patients (50% aged >= 85 years; 51% female), 52 (14%) presented a palliative profile and 83 (23%) died within 1 year. Be-PICT.1 showed the following characteristics to predict 1-year mortality: sensitivity 0.54, specificity 0.83, positive and negative predictive values 0.48 and 0.86, positive and negative likelihood ratios 3.22 and 0.55. The patients with a palliative profile were at higher mortality risk (hazard ratio 4.79 p < 0.001) and 1-year mortality rate (45%). Not using the SQ allowed to improve sensitivity to include a larger number of patients who may benefit from ACP and PCA. Conclusions Be-PICT.1 is a simple case-finding tool to identify older inpatients being at high mortality risk and candidates for ACP and PCA.".
• 01GT23P8Z1YWZP35MTY4RTDAM7 abstract "Traditional Ecological Knowledge (TEK) adjusts to changes in its socioecological system (SES). We focus on understanding if and how TEK's spiritual, social, and ecological aspects relate to each other and examine the main socioecological factors that impact the transmission of TEK within and across generations. Based on quantitative and qualitative data on traditional weather forecasting in rural Bolivia, we found four factors affecting TEK's dissemination: formal education, migration, a new religion, and the politicization of rural unions. Despite the slow disappearance of TEK, we also found that hybrid knowledge reinforces interest in TEK.".
• 01GT23WVDTKEE1JZDZ1S36D6ZD abstract "BACKGROUND The prognosis for patients with relapsed or refractory diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is poor. Glofitamab is a bispecific antibody that recruits T cells to tumor cells. METHODS In the phase 2 part of a phase 1-2 study, we enrolled patients with relapsed or refractory DLBCL who had received at least two lines of therapy previously. Patients received pretreatment with obinutuzumab to mitigate cytokine release syndrome, followed by fixed-duration glofitamab monotherapy (12 cycles total). The primary end point was complete response according to assessment by an independent review committee. Key secondary end points included duration of response, survival, and safety. RESULTS Of the 155 patients who were enrolled, 154 received at least one dose of any study treatment (obinutuzumab or glofitamab). At a median follow-up of 12.6 months, 39% (95% confidence interval [CI], 32 to 48) of the patients had a complete response according to independent review. Results were consistent among the 52 patients who had previously received chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy (35% of whom had a complete response). The median time to a complete response was 42 days (95% CI, 42 to 44). The majority (78%) of complete responses were ongoing at 12 months. The 12-month progression-free survival was 37% (95% CI, 28 to 46). Discontinuation of glofitamab due to adverse events occurred in 9% of the patients. The most common adverse event was cytokine release syndrome (in 63% of the patients). Adverse events of grade 3 or higher occurred in 62% of the patients, with grade 3 or higher cytokine release syndrome in 4% and grade 3 or higher neurologic events in 3%. CONCLUSIONS Glofitamab therapy was effective for DLBCL. More than half the patients had an adverse event of grade 3 or 4. (Funded by F. Hoffmann-La Roche; ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT03075696.)".
• 01GT2438MCQDWM7BB2AGMG0V21 abstract "Patients with relapsed and refractory diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) have a poor prognosis and a median overall survival of less than 6 months. Outcomes and responses were evaluated in 134 patients with DLBCL administered selinexor. Our findings demonstrate that selinexor treatment in DLBCL patients can safely induce durable responses and improve outcomes regardless of prior treatments and refractory status. Background: Despite a number of treatment options, patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) whose disease has become refractory to treatment have a poor prognosis. Selinexor is a novel, oral drug that is approved to treat patients with relapsed/refractory DLBCL. In this post hoc analysis of the SADAL study, a multinational, open-label study, we evaluated subpopulations to determine if response to single agent selinexor is impacted by number of lines of prior treatment, autologous stem cell transplant (ASCT), response to first and most recent therapies, and time to progressive disease. Patients: Patients (n = 134) with DLBCL after 2-5 prior therapies were enrolled in SADAL and received 60mg selinexor twice weekly. Results: The median overall survival was 9.0 months and median progression free survival was 2.6 months. Patients who had the best overall response rate (ORR) and disease control rate were those who had prior ASCT (42.5% and 50.0%) or responded to last line of therapy (35.9% and 43.5%). Patients with primary refractory DLBCL also showed responses (ORR 21.8%). Adverse events between subgroups were similar to the overall study population, the most common being thrombocytopenia (29.1%), fatigue (7.5%), and nausea (6.0%). Conclusion: Regardless of prior therapy and disease refractory status, selinexor treatment demonstrated results consistent with its novel mechanism of action and lack of cross-resistance. Thus, single agent oral selinexor can induce deep, durable, and tolerable responses in patients with DLBCL who have recurrent disease after several chemoimmunotherapy combination regimens. (C) 2021 Published by Elsevier Inc.".
• 01GT2492MK65E50NV3F1KN95VT abstract "We report long-term follow-up from the RESONATE-2 phase 3 study of the once-daily Bruton's tyrosine kinase inhibitor ibrutinib, which is the only targeted therapy with significant progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) benefit in multiple randomized chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) studies. Patients (>_65 years) with previously untreated CLL, without del(17p), were randomly assigned 1:1 to once-daily ibrutinib 420 mg until disease progression/unacceptable toxicity (n = 136) or chlorambucil 0.5-0.8 mg/kg #12 cycles (n = 133). With up to 8 years of follow-up (range, 0.1-96.6 months; median, 82.7 months), significant PFS benefit was sustained for ibrutinib vs chlorambucil (hazard ratio [HR], 0.154; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.108-0.220). At 7 years, PFS was 59% for ibrutinib vs 9% for chlorambucil. PFS benefit was also observed for ibrutinib-vs chlorambucil-randomized patients with high-risk genomic features: del(11q) (HR, 0.033; 95% CI, 0.010-0.107) or unmutated immunoglobulin heavy chain variable region (HR, 0.112; 95% CI, 0.065-0.192). OS at 7 years was 78% with ibrutinib. Prevalence of adverse events (AEs) was consistent with previous 5-year follow-up. Ibrutinib dosing was held (>_7 days) for 79 patients and reduced for 31 patients because of AEs; these AEs resolved or improved in 85% (67 of 79) and 90% (28 of 31) of patients, respectively. With up to 8 years of follow-up, 42% of patients remain on ibrutinib. Long-term RESONATE-2 data demonstrate sustained benefit with first-line ibrutinib treatment for CLL, including for patients with high-risk genomic features. These trials were registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov as #NCT01722487 and #NCT01724346.".
• 01GT24STZTG5C1BFF49FVZS1JV abstract "Multiple myeloma (MM) is an incurable clonal plasma cell malignancy. Subsets of patients have high-risk features linked with dismal outcome. Therefore, the need for effective therapeutic options remains high. Here, we used bio-informatic tools to identify novel targets involved in DNA repair and epigenetics and which are associated with high-risk myeloma. The prognostic significance of the target genes was analyzed using publicly available gene expression data of MM patients (TT2/3 and HM cohorts). Hence, protein arginine methyltransferase 5 (PRMT5) was identified as a promising target. Druggability was assessed in OPM2, JJN3, AMO1 and XG7 human myeloma cell lines using the PRMT5-inhibitor EPZ015938. EPZ015938 strongly reduced the total symmetric-dimethyl arginine levels in all cell lines and lead to decreased cellular growth, supported by cell line dependent changes in cell cycle distribution. At later time points, apoptosis occurred, as evidenced by increased AnnexinV-positivity and cleavage of PARP and caspases. Transcriptome analysis revealed a role for PRMT5 in regulating alternative splicing, nonsense-mediated decay, DNA repair and PI3K/mTOR-signaling, irrespective of the cell line type. PRMT5 inhibition reduced the expression of upstream DNA repair kinases ATM and ATR, which may in part explain our observation that EPZ015938 and the DNA-alkylating agent, melphalan, have combinatory effects. Of interest, using a low-dose of mTOR-inhibitor, we observed that cell viability was partially rescued from the effects of EPZ015938, indicating a role for mTOR-related pathways in the anti-myeloma activity of EPZ015938. Moreover, PRMT5 was shown to be involved in splicing regulation of MMSET and SLAMF7, known genes of importance in MM disease. As such, we broaden the understanding of the exact role of PRMT5 in MM disease and further underline its use as a possible therapeutic target.".
• 01GT25AMTE8VGNKF9T712WBQDC abstract "PURPOSE Proteasome inhibitors are effective in Waldenstrom's macroglobulinemia (WM) but require parenteral administration and are associated with polyneuropathy. We investigated efficacy and toxicity of the less neurotoxic oral proteasome inhibitor ixazomib combined with rituximab, in patients with relapsed WM. METHODS We conducted a multicenter phase I/II trial with ixazomib, rituximab, and dexamethasone (IRD). Induction consisted of eight cycles IRD wherein rituximab was started in cycle 3, followed by rituximab maintenance. Phase I showed feasibility of 4 mg ixazomib. Primary end point for phase II was overall response rate (ORR [>= minimal response]) after induction. RESULTS A total of 59 patients were enrolled (median age, 69 years; range, 46-91 years). Median number of prior treatments was 2 (range, 1-7); 70% had an intermediate or high WM-IPSS (International Prognostic Scoring System for WM) score. After eight cycles, ORR was 71% (42 out of 59) (14% very good partial response [PR], 37% PR, and 20% minor response). Depth of response improved until month 12 (best ORR 85% [50 out of 59]: 15% very good PR, 46% PR, and 24% minor response). Median duration of response was 36 months. The average hematocrit level increased significantly (0.33-0.38 L/L) after induction (P < .001). After two cycles of ixazomib and dexamethasone, immunoglobulin M levels decreased significantly (median 3,700-2,700 mg/dL, P < .0001). Median time to first response was 4 months. Median progression-free survival and overall survival were not reached. After median follow-up of 24 months (range, 7.4-54.3 months), progression-free survival and overall survival were 56% and 88%, respectively. Toxicity included mostly grade 2 or 3 cytopenias, grade 1 or 2 neurotoxicity, and grade 2 or 3 infections. No infusion-related reactions or immunoglobulin M flare occurred with use of subcutaneous rituximab. Quality of life improved significantly after induction. In total, 48 patients (81%) completed at least six cycles of IRD. CONCLUSION Combination of IRD shows promising efficacy with manageable toxicity in patients with relapsed or refractory WM. (C) 2021 by American Society of Clinical Oncology".
• 01GT2DJEQPMTP44D8XNQHAF6GG abstract "Migraine affects around 18% of the population and is considered one of the most disabling conditions with a great socio-economic impact. Many therapeutic decisions in the management of migraine patients are almost entirely dependent on the patient’s accurate recollection of headache events and associated circumstances that have occurred between visits. Therefore, today’s solutions to improve the traditional interview at each physician visit exist of self-reporting systems, either paper-based or using one of the available smartphone apps. This way, patients manually record clinical and related events on the day they occur, such that possible headache triggers in the lifestyle of the patient can be discussed. However, self-reporting all lifestyle events is cumbersome and subjective. To overcome these issues, we have developed mBrain, a migraine app that automatically records activities, sleeping behavior and stress. mBrain also allows patients to record their personal feelings, migraine attacks and medication intake on a day-to-day basis. This way, mBrain enables a shift from sporadic self-reporting towards continuous and objective monitoring. To further optimize the migraine management, we also designed a dashboard for clinicians that uses semantic reasoning. The dashboard visualizes the optimal information to treat the patient without requiring any configuration. This allows physicians to have a more detailed and objective view on the patient, relevant clinical events, and the patient’s response to the treatment, thus aiding physicians with posing pertinent questions. The time physicians used to spend on uncovering the relevant history from the memory of the patients can now be used to diagnose the patients more quickly and optimize their treatments, paving the path towards improved migraine management and personalized migraine therapies.".
• 01GT3RNWGSCZ0W1K9TAC3RBTWT abstract "This contribution highlights some recent developments in the case law of the Court of Justice of the European Union concerning unfair contract terms. More in particular the authors focus on recent developments regarding transparency of contract terms in the precontractual, contractual and procedural stage. This paper argues that the Court of Justice of the European Union increasingly emphasizes formal and substantive transparency in the (pre)contractual stage and procedural transparency during proceedings. Both functions of transparency must be clearly distinguished. Formal and substantive transparency are intertwined and introduce new quality standards imposed on sellers and suppliers for the benefit of consumers. Procedural transparency on the other hand must be seen as a new benchmark for national enforcement law.".
• 01GT42BHJXHW9ZN3HM8FFQT970 abstract "Understanding how we can age healthily is a challenge at the heart of biogerontological interest. Whereas myriad genes are known to affect the lifespan of model organisms, effects of such interventions on healthspan-the period of life where an animal is considered healthy, rather than merely alive-are less clear. To understand relationships between life- and healthspan, in recent years several platforms were developed with the purpose of assessing both readouts simultaneously. We here relied on one such platform, the WorMotel, to study effects of adulthood-restricted knock-down of 130 Caenorhabditis elegans genes on the locomotive health of the animals along their lifespans. We found that knock-down of six genes affected healthspan while lifespan remained unchanged. For two of these, F26A3.4 and chn-1, knock-down resulted in an improvement of healthspan. In follow-up experiments we showed that knockdown of F26A3.4 indeed improves locomotive health and muscle structure at old age.".
• 01GT453EJJ71ADSGS7FNEHR9HM abstract "This essay examines Marie-Caroline Batz de Trenquelleon's novel Georges ou la Revolution de 1830 et l'homme de 1793 (1832), an early response to the Revolution of 1830. Although its author was a legitimist who blamed the French Revolution on Enlightenment thought, the novel is largely based on Voltaire's play Le fanatisme, ou Mahomet le Prophete (1741). This study explores how Batz de Trenquelleon's critique of the Terror echoes Voltaire's denunciation of fanaticism and how she manipulates her historical sources to reinforce a vision of French history in which 1789 and 1830 are part of a single, ongoing conspiracy.".
• 01GT459RC2YJJS4M55MR8RD6FJ abstract "El periodo entre 1833y 1840 fue un momento de convulsion politica en Espana. No solo se llevo a cabo la transicion de una monarquia absoluta a un sistema parlamentario liberal, sino que el partido liberal tambien comenzo a dividirse en varias facciones, lo que provoco levantamientos y varios cambios de gobierno. Ademas, los sucesivos gobiernos tuvieron que lidiar con los avances militares de los carlistas anti-liberales en el Norte. Este articulo compara y contrasta dos novelas que se situan en el periodo y que representan diversos aspectos de estas turbulencias: Los cortesanos y la revolucion (1838-39) de Eugenio de Tapia y El poeta y el banquero (1842) de Pedro Mata. Examinara como estas obras representan y comentan las turbulencias del periodo a traves de su trama, su estructura y su caracterizacion. Cuales elementos de esta transicion politica se incluyen o se omiten en las dos novelas? Como explican estos cambios historicos? Finalmente, que relacion establecen entre el romanticismo (la estetica dominante del momento) y la agitacion politica?".
• 01GT459RC2YJJS4M55MR8RD6FJ abstract "The period between 1833 and 1840 was a moment of political upheaval in Spain. Not only did these years witness the transition from an absolute monarchy to a liberal parliamentary system, but Spanish liberals also began to divide into several factions, leading to uprisings and several changes in government. At the same time, the nation had to fend off the military advances of the anti-liberal Carlists in the North. This article compares and contrasts two novels from the period that chronicle this turbulence: Los cortesanos y la revolucion (1838-39) by Eugenio de Tapia and El poeta y el banquero (1842) by Pedro Mata. It examines how these works represent and comment on the upheaval of the period through their plot, structure, and character systems. What elements of this political transition are included or omitted in the two novels? How do they analyse these historical changes? Finally, what relationship do they establish between revolution and romanticism, the dominant aesthetic of the period?".
• 01GT4R8GS8QRR85BRDHAN8X548 abstract "Chronometric studies of charcoal production remains are largely based on 14C dating of associated charcoal. Owing to intrinsic limitations, however, this method provides no meaningful time-resolution for post-1650 CE features. We investigate the potential of optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) dating of heated sandy sediments as an alternative and complementary tool for dating charcoal kiln remains. Seven samples from five relic charcoal kilns, and 11 complementary samples from the underlying sandy substrate are used. Through a range of procedural tests we demonstrate that the single-aliquot regenerative-dose procedure in combination with OSL signals from quartz allows determining equivalent doses both accurately and precisely. For four of the five investigated kilns, OSL ages are consistent with independent age information from 14C-dating and written sources. Especially for post-1650 CE features, the precision can be significantly better than that of 14C dating and we highlight the potential of OSL dating for distinguishing, relatively, between charcoal production phases with an unprecedented time-resolution. We conclude that the approach is a promising alternative to 14C.".
• 01GT6D2APHVSBRMSTZHCV5EZP9 abstract "In comparison to soil bacteria, archaea and fungi, the soil micro- and mesofauna (protists, nematodes) are very much understudied. Soil nematodes are composed of multiple feeding groups that can strongly determine plant growth and plant-plant interactions (Wang et al., 2019). Different trophic groups of nematodes control distinct energy channels, though their exact trophic links remain little understood and most individual studies focused on bacterivorous nematodes, largely neglecting herbivorous and fungivorous nematodes (Zhao and Neher, 2014). To the best of our knowledge no research has been done on how the multi-trophic interactions among these three feeding-groups of nematodes and microbial community impact nutrient mineralization and plant growth. A mesocosm experiment was conducted to investigate how herbivorous and microbivorous microfauna, separately and in combination, enhance N mineralization and plant growth. Loamy sand soil was selectively sterilized by gamma irradiation (6 kGy) and pre-incubated for one month to recover the activity of the indigenous micro-flora community caused due to the irradiation effect. Pratylenchus zeae, Aphelenchus avena, and Rhabditis oxycera, representing herbivorous, fungivorous, and bacterivorous nematodes, respectively, were inoculated in these soils alone and in all combinations, and rye-grass was used as a model plant and incubated in custom made microcosms. After two months, plants were harvested and analyzed, and the soil was analyzed to evaluate the impact of trophic interaction on plant growth. There was no significant change in N% of shoot and root within all the treatments and mineral N (NH4+ + NO3- concentration) was low for all treatments. Nonetheless, plant biomass (shoot and root) was significantly higher by 11.4 and 45.2% in the treatment with all three trophic groups of nematodes combined compared to the presence of microbes only (control treatment). The change in root architecture due to the presence multi-trophic nematodes further indicated that the root growth was benefited from different feeding group of nematodes.".
• 01GT6E8ZS4SJWPNBS04JYTMVW0 abstract "Soil microbial communities (bacteria, fungi, archaea, protozoa) directly and indirectly influence all other trophic interactions in soil. Complete soil sterilization combined with reinoculation of specific organisms is widely used in soil ecology to study the function of these organisms in e.g. the biogeochemical cycles of carbon and nitrogen. Partial sterilization by means of gamma irradiation is emerging as a promising defaunating technique to selectively remove specific groups of organisms from soil whilst trying to minimize microbial disturbance. Ideally, the microbial community should return back to its original state shortly after partial sterilization, but to date there are no studies on the dynamics of microbial recovery following partial sterilization. Such knowledge would allow researchers to start experiments with reinoculated soil fauna at the moment that soil microbial community has fully re-established. We have conducted a mesocosm experiment in order to evaluate the recovery rate of microbial community following partial sterilisation and to assess the impact of potential factors (e.g. soil texture, presence or absence of protist and nematode community) accelerating the restoration process. Our hypotheses were: H1: microbial community would be modified by soil texture and microbial community would be dominated based on resource competition; H2: the re-establishment of the microbial community in the partially-sterilized soil is stimulated by reinoculation of a nematode community directly (by selective grazing on microbes) and/or indirectly (transporting microbes from high to low concentrated areas), and by the reinoculation of protists + microflora using soil powder (Postma-Blaauw et al., 2005).".
• 01GT6F2SVB0TT0G7K6QNM1WW90 abstract "Cloud microphysics parametrizations control the transfer of water between phases and hydrometeor species in numerical weather prediction and climate models. As a fundamental component of weather modelling systems cloud microphysics can determine the intensity and timing of precipitation, the extent and longevity of cloud cover and its impact on radiative balance, and directly influence near surface weather metrics such as temperature and wind. In this paper we introduce and demonstrate the performance of a double moment cloud microphysical scheme (CASIM: Cloud AeroSol Interacting Microphysics) in both midlatitude and tropical settings using the same model configuration. Comparisons are made against a control configuration using the current operational single moment cloud microphysics, and CASIM configurations that use fixed in-cloud droplet number or compute cloud droplet number concentration from the aerosol environment. We demonstrate that configuring CASIM as a single moment scheme results in precipitation rate histograms that match the operational single moment microphysics. In the midlatitude setting, results indicate that CASIM performs as well as the single moment microphysics configuration, but improves certain aspects of the surface precipitation field such as greater extent of light (<$$ < $$1 mm center dot$$ \cdotp $$ hr-1$$ {}<^>{-1} $$) rain around frontal precipitation features. In the tropical setting, CASIM outperforms the single moment cloud microphysics as evident from improved comparison with radar derived precipitation rates.".
• 01GT6GEARW0D2AK0N7H74EAYTR abstract "A pot experiment was carried out to assess the effects of arsenic and aquatic fern (Marsilea minuta L.), when applied as a phytoremediator, on the nutrient content (nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium) of rice. Two sets of pot experiments were conducted in the net house on rice (Oryza sativa L.) together with aquatic fern (M. minuta) and on aquatic fern (M. minuta) alone where soils were treated with 1 mg/L As-solution at 80% arsenite and 20% arsenate. No significant difference was found in the nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium concentrations of rice, in the absence of arsenic, whether grown in the presence of M. minuta or not. The uptake of total nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium was found to be 36%, 23%, and 22% more, respectively in rice plants treated with M. minuta and arsenic over the control treatment, although the results were statistically insignificant. However, a significant negative relationship was found between arsenic and root nitrogen (P-value of 0.0017) when grown together with arsenic and M. minuta. A significant positive relationship was found between arsenic and shoot phosphorus (P-value of 0.0025) as well as arsenic and shoot and root potassium (P-values were 0.0045 and 0.0115, respectively). The results indicate that Marsilea minuta might be used as a phytoremediator of As together with rice plants.".
• 01GT6QC3GB93FZYNDZGZ408NA8 abstract "The prediction of the time-dependent rheological behavior of concrete is a challenging task of crucial importance to many applications in the construction industry. In particular, the advent of 3D concrete printing (3DCP) highlighted the importance of a more comprehensive understanding of the rheological behavior of cement systems undergoing hydration reactions. In this research, a recently proposed constitutive model is used to describe the evolution of the time-dependent rheological behavior of a cement system employed in 3DCP applications. The model is based on a single structure parameter that describes the instantaneous structuring level of the material's structure, considering both reversible and irreversible effects simultaneously. To validate the model, constant shear rate experiments are carried out and the flow curve of the fresh cement system is constructed from thixotropic equilibrium data observed before the hydration effects become significant. Then, stress ramps are performed to verify that the model can predict the time-dependent rheological behavior of a given cement system subjected to different dynamics. The main contribution of this work is the implementation of model parameters obtained directly from experiments. Calorimetric and mechanical tests were carried out with real samples, rather than just relying on fitted rheological data or estimates from literature. In comparison to other models found in the literature, this work improves the connection with real experimental quantities, providing supporting evidence for the model. The model is improved to better describe the hydration effects on the time-dependent rheological behavior of concrete by generalizing the irreversible progress function to account for different early-age and long-term hydration effects. It is shown that good agreement between experiments and model predictions can be achieved, which can impact the way 3D concrete printing applications are designed nowadays.".
• 01GT6R99XJD5B1Y6T4A89EV5Y9 abstract "In this paper, we describe an experimental protocol designed to ensure well-defined thermal and shear histories of a waxy crude oil sample to be submitted to rheological measurements. We discuss the criteria for choosing an appropriate pretreatment, the geometry, and the temperature range, among other parameters. This protocol includes the so-called thermal cycle test, which is shown to play a key role in determining the appropriate test conditions. Possible sources of measurement error are discussed in detail.".
• 01GT72GZNKE8G7KYHSCNXFMH90 abstract "We explore a methodology to statistically downscale snowfall - the primary driver of surface mass balance in Antarctica - from an ensemble of historical (1850-present day) simulations performed with an earth system model over the coastal region of Dronning Maud Land (East Antarctica). This approach consists of associating daily snowfall simulations from a polar-oriented regional atmospheric climate model at 5.5 km spatial resolution with specific weather patterns observed over 1979-2010 CE with the atmospheric reanalyses ERAInterim and ERA5. This association is then used to generate the spatial distribution of snowfall for the period from 1850 to present day for an ensemble of 10 members from the Community Earth System Model (CESM2). The new dataset of daily and yearly snowfall accumulation based on this methodology is presented in this paper (MASS2ANT dataset; https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4287517; Ghilain et al., 2021). Based on a comparison with available ice cores and spatial reconstructions, our results show that the spatio-temporal distribution of snowfall is improved in the downscaled dataset compared with the CESM2 simulations. This dataset thus provides information that may be useful in identifying the large-scale patterns associated with the local precipitation conditions and their changes over the past century.".
• 01GT7ASME7NVF0Y1VYCC5802KN abstract "Through a critical media content analysis, this contribution explores the police practice of identity checks in Belgium. Identity checks are one of the most occurring police practices in Belgium and have lately been under close media and academic attention. Several reports by organisations as Amnesty International, Unia and Human Right Watch already signalled the current problems within the Belgian police force concerning identity checks. However, a news media analysis of the last 20 years relating to identity checks has not yet been performed. Through the search engine ‘GoPress Academic’, three relevant cases are critically analysed in their discourse, investigating its significance within the political timeframe and what eventually resulted from the media debate. This research shows that media can have a catalytic and inspiring effect for organisations and academics to further investigate cases and societal tendencies, but that political changes require much more time and even multiple public outcries to cause policy and regulatory changes relating to the police domain.".
• 01GT7J99H84RG2C0DVKFXSZJJQ abstract "The identification of gastrointestinal helminth infections of humans and livestock almost exclusively relies on the detection of eggs or larvae in faeces, followed by manual counting and morphological char-acterisation to differentiate species using microscopy-based techniques. However, molecular approaches based on the detection and quantification of parasite DNA are becoming more prevalent, increasing the sensitivity, specificity and throughput of diagnostic assays. High-throughput sequencing, from single PCR targets through to the analysis of whole genomes, offers significant promise towards providing information-rich data that may add value beyond traditional and conventional molecular approaches; however, thus far, its utility has not been fully explored to detect helminths in faecal samples. In this study, low-depth whole genome sequencing, i.e. genome skimming, has been applied to detect and char-acterise helminth diversity in a set of helminth-infected human and livestock faecal material. The strengths and limitations of this approach are evaluated using three methods to characterise and differ-entiate metagenomic sequencing data based on (i) mapping to whole mitochondrial genomes, (ii) whole genome assemblies, and (iii) a comprehensive internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2) database, together with validation using quantitative PCR (qPCR). Our analyses suggest that genome skimming can success-fully identify most single and multi-species infections reported by qPCR and can provide sufficient cov-erage within some samples to resolve consensus mitochondrial genomes, thus facilitating phylogenetic analyses of selected genera, e.g. Ascaris spp. Key to this approach is both the availability and integrity of helminth reference genomes, some of which are currently contaminated with bacterial and host sequences. The success of genome skimming of faecal DNA is dependent on the availability of vouchered sequences of helminths spanning both taxonomic and geographic diversity, together with methods to detect or amplify minute quantities of parasite nucleic acids in mixed samples.(c) 2023 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of Australian Society for Parasitology. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).".
• 01GT7K91X7MRV6V4PWKJHQVTTC abstract "Background Hormonal changes during the menstrual cycle play a key role in shaping immunity in the cervicovaginal tract. Cervicovaginal fluid contains cytokines, chemokines, immunoglobulins, and other immune mediators. Many studies have shown that the concentrations of these immune mediators change throughout the menstrual cycle, but the studies have often shown inconsistent results. Our understanding of immunological correlates of the menstrual cycle remains limited and could be improved by meta-analysis of the available evidence. Methods We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of cervicovaginal immune mediator concentrations throughout the menstrual cycle using individual participant data. Study eligibility included strict definitions of the cycle phase (by progesterone or days since the last menstrual period) and no use of hormonal contraception or intrauterine devices. We performed random-effects meta-analyses using inverse-variance pooling to estimate concentration differences between the follicular and luteal phases. In addition, we performed a new laboratory study, measuring select immune mediators in cervicovaginal lavage samples. Results We screened 1570 abstracts and identified 71 eligible studies. We analyzed data from 31 studies, encompassing 39,589 concentration measurements of 77 immune mediators made on 2112 samples from 871 participants. Meta-analyses were performed on 53 immune mediators. Antibodies, CC-type chemokines, MMPs, IL-6, IL-16, IL-1RA, G-CSF, GNLY, and ICAM1 were lower in the luteal phase than the follicular phase. Only IL-1 alpha, HBD-2, and HBD-3 were elevated in the luteal phase. There was minimal change between the phases for CXCL8, 9, and 10, interferons, TNF, SLPI, elafin, lysozyme, lactoferrin, and interleukins 1 beta, 2, 10, 12, 13, and 17A. The GRADE strength of evidence was moderate to high for all immune mediators listed here. Conclusions Despite the variability of cervicovaginal immune mediator measurements, our meta-analyses show clear and consistent changes during the menstrual cycle. Many immune mediators were lower in the luteal phase, including chemokines, antibodies, matrix metalloproteinases, and several interleukins. Only interleukin-1 alpha and beta-defensins were higher in the luteal phase. These cyclical differences may have consequences for immunity, susceptibility to infection, and fertility. Our study emphasizes the need to control for the effect of the menstrual cycle on immune mediators in future studies.".
• 01GT7N6HSD83NSGR9W5AWC42NN abstract "Background Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is the most common gynecological condition in women of reproductive age and associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes. In the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), neonatal mortality rate is as high as 2.8 percent with preterm birth (PTB) and low birth weight (LBW) as leading causes. Because no studies have addressed BV in DRC, we aimed to investigate the prevalence of BV, the risk factors and the association between BV and adverse pregnancy outcomes in a population of pregnant women from Bukavu, DRC. Methods A total of 533 pregnant women in the second trimester of pregnancy were recruited in the Provincial Reference Hospital of Bukavu, DRC, between January and October 2017, and followed until delivery. Clinical and sociodemographic data of mother and newborn, and data on (vaginal) hygiene practices, sexual behavior and reproductive history were collected. BV was diagnosed by Nugent scoring of Gram-stained vaginal smears. Two multi-variate regression models were built to identify risk factors for BV and to investigate BV as a risk factor for adverse pregnancy outcomes. Results The prevalence of BV was 26.3% and approximately half of the women with BV were asymptomatic. Independent risk factors for BV were the use of alternatives to water for intravaginal washing, concurrent partners, unemployed status, the presence of vaginal Candida and clay consumption. BV was independently associated with both LBW and PTB of an infant with LBW. Conclusion The prevalence of BV in Bukavu is high but in line with the global average. BV was associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes in our study population. Hence, research on modifiable risk factor-based interventions to reduce the prevalence of BV, and on screening/ treatment of BV during antenatal care should be explored to reduce neonatal mortality and morbidity.".
• 01GT8YNVF946FC78CY277WBT2W abstract "When refugees' access to economic, political, and social rights cannot be guaranteed in one locale, individuals make pragmatic choices about what relationships to sustain with authorities elsewhere, even with those that caused their flight in the first place. This process of return is rarely akin to conventional repatriation, understood as the full re-establishment of the rights and responsibilities associated with citizenship (Bradley, 2013). In this paper, the authors instead propose the concept of retreat to capture the process initiated by those who are seeking to escape protracted displacement through a partial return to their country of origin, and through which individuals hope that they can assemble multiple sources of rights across several locations. Drawing from recent ethnographic research in Eritrea, the authors analyze the stories of individuals, mostly refugees, who have decided to retreat despite the lack of political change. Neither exclusively citizens nor refugees in countries of origin or asylum, research participants' "dually absent" socio-legal position is analyzed in this article. The authors show that this rests on stratified forms of citizenship and the relational nature of different rights and statuses and argue that this position should be recognized as an additional dynamic in the literature on flight, return, and transnational citizenship.".
• 01GT8ZWX1HB3TV0MSKFMRK9VGG abstract "The geospatial characteristics of transportation networks structurally constrain their features, and as a result, analysis methods designed for social networks typically fail to capture useful characteristics or make informative comparisons. In the case of road networks, natural constraints on the edge distribution weaken the ability of standard community detection algorithms to find clusters of nodes that align with natural neighborhood extents. We show that by adding edge weights based on the similarity of localized subgraph features, we can apply modularity-based community detection algorithms to uncover improved neighborhood shapes and extents. The use of local network characteristics allows the feature analysis to be completed in linear time, thus making the approach expandable to very large networks. We demonstrate this technique with an application to central Tokyo.".
• 01GT90CA45J7KCCNY7R94G5KS7 abstract "We consider two-dimensional cellular automata with the von Neumann neighborhood that satisfy two proper-ties of interest from a modeling viewpoint: rotation symmetry (i.e., the local rule is invariant under rotation of the neighborhood by 90 degrees) and number conservation (i.e., the sum of all the cell states is conserved upon every update). It is known that if the number of states k is smaller than or equal to six, then each rotation-symmetric number-conserving cellular automaton is isomorphic to some k-ary one, i.e., one with state set {0, 1, ... , k - 1}. In this paper, we exhibit an example of a seven-state rotation-symmetric number-conserving cellular automaton that is not isomorphic to any septenary one. This example strongly supports our plea that research into multistate cellular automata should not only focus on those that have {0, 1, ... , k - 1} as a state set.".
• 01GT90CK1DYJKMX4072S92PT9E abstract "Despite the multitude of regional-based collaborations in higher education, regionalism theories have received relatively little attention in the literature on higher education. In view of this gap, this chapter seeks to make a case for the study of regionalism and explores how this field could enrich higher education research. This chapter discusses the context of the rise of the regional landscape vis-à-vis the acceleration of globalisation and internationalisation of higher education. It further probes into theoretical and empirical insights, elucidating in particular core regionalism concepts, theories and approaches within the more recent ‘turns’ in regionalism. Empirical cases from regions across the world are presented to help expound on the conceptual points raised.".
• 01GT90T5KRGB4E2PHMAQGC0JFB abstract "Objectives: Neurological complications including pain are common after treatment for breast cancer. This prospective study investigated the symptoms, intensity and interference of chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy. (CIPN) in the feet and hands compared to surgery- and radiation-induced neuropathy in the breast and upper arm. Methods: Consecutive patients referred to surgery for breast cancer were included in a prospective study and completed a questionnaire at baseline and a follow-up questionnaire and interview after one year. CIPN was assessed with the CIPN20 questionnaire and the Michigan Neuropathy Screening Instrument questionnaire (MNSIq). Pain intensity was rated on a numeric rating scale (NRS, 0-10). Results: In total 144 patients were included, of which 73 received chemotherapy. At one-year follow-up, symptoms of polyneuropathy were more common in patients treated with chemotherapy. Tingling or numbness in the feet in those treated/not treated with chemotherapy was reported by 44 (62%) and 15 (21%), respectively. Pain was present in 22 (30%) and 10 (14%), respectively. Pain in the area of surgery was reported by 66 (46%). Although less common, pain in the feet in those treated with chemotherapy was rated as more intense and with more daily life interference than pain in the surgical area (NRS 5.5 (SD 1.9) vs. 3.1 (SD 1.9). Conclusions: Neurological complications including pain following surgery and chemotherapy represent a burden to breast cancer survivors. In those who had received chemotherapy, pain in the feet was less common than pain in the surgical area, but pain in the feet was more intense and had a higher interference with daily life. Our study emphasizes the need for either baseline data or a control population for improved estimation of the presence and severity of CIPN and pain from questionnaires.".
• 01GT91FPK5GK87H0P4H1X4AMG3 abstract "A series of NHC-based selenourea Ag(I) and Au(I) complexes were evaluated for their anticancer potential in vitro, on 2D and 3D human cancer cell systems. All NHC-based selenourea complexes possess an outstanding cytotoxic potency, which was comparable or even better than that of the reference metallodrug auranofin, and were also able to overcome both platinum-based and multi-drug resistances. Intriguingly, their cytotoxic potency did not correlate with solution stability, partition coefficient or cellular uptake. On the other hand, mechanistic studies in cancer cells revealed their ability to strongly and selectively inhibit the redox-regulating enzyme Thioredoxin Reductase (TrxR), being even more effective than auranofin, a well-known TrxR inhibitor, without affecting other redox enzymes such as Glutathione Reductase (GR). The inhibition of TrxR in H157 human cancer cells caused, in turn, the disruption of cellular thiol-redox homeostasis and of mitochondria pathophysiology, ultimately leading to cancer cell death through apoptosis.".
• 01GT91VR44TF4TJCXEA42BJC7P abstract "In our search for simple synthetic routes to N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC)-metal complexes and their derivatives, we herein report an operationally simple, expedient and scalable method to obtain the widely used NHC-metal-diketonates. The reported complexes are synthesized for the first time under mild, aerobic conditions and in excellent yields in a sustainable manner. The protocol is general with regards to the anionic co-ligand and the ancillary carbene ligands. The spectroscopic and crystallographic characterization of the complexes reveal a bidentate binding mode of the diketonate ligand to copper while the gold-congener is C-bound. Finally, the reported Au complex was shown to be an efficient pre-catalyst for the hydrocarboxylation of alkynes.".
• 01GT91Z45RJ8C81F8G94P35C0F abstract "In order to design a geoeducation program in the context of the possibilities given to the Experimental Schools of Greece of Lower Secondary Education, teachers identified the need for diagnostically assess students' understanding of basic concepts of the geoenvironment and particularly the concepts of geodiversity, geoheritage, geoethics and geotourism. In addition, there was a need to apply the educational technique of creating cognitive conflicts in order to promote the scientific perceptions of these concepts. Thus, research questions were identified which led the research to assess the current latent state of students' perceptions regarding the thematic areas of the concepts and to identify concepts whose perceptions can be used in the educational process in order to achieve effective cognitive conflicts in order to promote scientific perceptions of them. The students briefly answered a four-question questionnaire, wherein each question examined their perceptions regarding the four concepts of geoenvironment: geodiversity, geoheritage, geoethics and geotourism. All 45 students of the geoeducation program that took part in the survey were aged between 12 and 15 years old. The qualitative research strategy approach was selected and specifically the hybrid technique of semiotics content analysis in combination with thematic analysis. This technique was selected due to the need to identify, code, categorize and count both obvious and latent meanings in the students' written answers; these meanings were related to the four concepts under examination. The results of the research show that the current latent state of students' perceptions regarding the thematic fields of the four concepts of the geoenvironment can be considered as particularly confused since the majority of students did not understand the concepts as they are employed in the international literature. The research also highlighted concepts that can be used by teachers in their efforts to develop students' clear or even scientifically acceptable perceptions for the concepts of geodiversity, geoheritage, geoethics and geotourism in the thematic field of the geoenvironment.".
• 01GT91ZZ6PPBP8TG5BGHG2XE3S abstract "The present cross-community analysis of the diminutive sheds new light on when, how, and why bi/multilingual speakers alternate their languages – in our case Spanish and English – in two bi/multilingual contexts, namely Miami and Belize. Miami accommodates one of the largest Hispanic populations outside Latin America (Carter & Lynch, 2015). Although English remains the dominant language in this community, Spanish-English bilingualism is incontestably the social norm among U.S.-born Spanish heritage speakers. In the Central American country Belize, language alternation is also a common practice as a result of widespread societal multilingualism (Balam, 2014). The contemporary linguistic landscape of Belize is marked with Spanish as the majority language, English as the official language and Belizean Kriol as the country’s lingua franca (Balam, 2017; see Balam, 2013 for a detailed overview). The cross-community analysis that we propose focuses on the diminutive construction in bi/multilingual speech, and especially in a codeswitching context. The semantic-pragmatic linguistic category of diminutiveness can be used to convey a dimensional, scalar or temporal reduction (e.g. a tiny window, a small group, a little while), but can also serve to express a wide array of positive or negative affective connotations and personal attitudes towards the diminutivized entity (e.g. my hubby, that nasty little dog) (i.a. Bagasheva, 2020; Schneider, 2003; Vanhaverbeke & Enghels, in press). With regard to its morphological configuration, various apparatus can be employed to form diminutives, including affixation (e.g. miniskirt, kitty), reduplication (e.g. a goody-goody), compounding (e.g. Cuwabo mwáná-múyaná childDIM.CN-woman ‘little woman’; Gibson, Guerois & Marten, 2017:14), truncation (e.g. hon < honey), and periphrastic constructions (e.g. a little mouse, the tiny castle, a little strange) (Schneider, 2013). How speakers express diminutiveness may thus strongly diverge across languages, as is the case in Spanish and English. While Spanish primarily makes use of synthetic diminutive suffixes (-ito/a, -illo/a, -ico/a, -uelo/a, etc.; RAE, 2011), English mostly turns to analytic periphrastic constructions (article + little (bit of), small, tiny, etc. + N; a little (bit) + Adj/Adv) (Hägg, 2016; Schneider, 2003). As a result, the diminutive construction potentially acts as a conflict site in Spanish-English codeswitching (Enghels & Vanhaverbeke, 2020). The primary aim of this presentation is therefore to examine and contrast the diminutive construction in the two multilingual communities of Miami and Belize. The present study discusses the formation and the use of diminutive constructions in the conversational Bangor Miami corpus and in a corpus of sociolinguistic interviews carried out in Belize (Balam, 2016). The results show that from a morphological perspective, the multilingual speakers of Miami and Belize have different tendencies regarding how they form diminutives. Both with regard to token frequency and type frequency, Miami bilinguals use significantly more analytic markers than Belize multilinguals. Moreover, with respect to synthetic diminutive markers, both communities turn to different suffix types (e.g. -ico in Miami corpus and -ino in Belize corpus), although -ito remains the most popular suffix in both communities. Remarkably, multilinguals in Belize significantly apply more codeswitching within the diminutive construction (e.g. unos lee kids, un lee pursito, un baguito, un poquito más de freedom) than Miami bilinguals. Furthermore, the data of both communities largely support Poplack’s Universal Constraints (1980), as well as our hypothesis based on Myers-Scotton’s Matrix Language Frame model (1993) that the diminutive marker is considered an early system morpheme and consequently can be provided by both the Matrix and the Embedded Language. From a functional perspective, the speakers of Miami and Belize again seem to use the diminutive expression in different manners. Only in the Miami community do bilinguals make a distinction in function and diminutive language, using English markers mainly to express objective meanings (e.g. un little estante) and Spanish ones for affective connotations (e.g. un partimecito). These results are in line with Gumperz’ Metaphorical Codeswitching Framework (1982), which states that the choice of language in bilingual conversations has social meaning, i.e. Spanish being the more affectionate language and English the objective/impersonal language. In this regard, the diminutive language can be interpreted as a marker facilitating the correct interpretation of the diminutive meaning conveyed by the speaker. In Belize, speakers do not seem to make that distinction, using both Spanish and English markers to communicate either diminutive meaning. Bagasheva, M. (2020). Ways of expressing the category of diminutiveness in English. Paisievie Cheteniya, Plovdiv University. Balam, O. (2013). Overt Language Attitudes and Linguistic Identities among Multilingual Speakers in Northern Belize. Studies in Hispanic and Lusophone Linguistics, 6(2). Balam, O. (2014). Notes on the history and morphosyntactic characteristics of Spanish in northern Belize. Kansas Working Papers in Linguistics, 35, 79 — 94. Balam, O. (2016). Language use, language change and innovation in Northern Belize contact Spanish (Doctoral dissertation). University of Florida, USA. Balam, O., Prada Pérez, A. (2017). Attitudes Toward Spanish and Code-Switching in Belize: Stigmatization and Innovation in the Spanish Classroom. Journal of Language, Identity & Education, 16(1), 17 — 31. Carter, P.M., Lynch, A. (2015). Multilingual Miami: current trends in socialinguistic research. scDummmyLanguage and Linguistic Compass, 9(9), 369 – 385. Enghels, R., Vanhaverbeke, M. (2020). La expresión de valores diminutivos en contextos escritos de cambio de código: un análisis comparativo de novelas latinas. Glosas, 9(8), 39 – 55. Gibson, H., Guerois, R., & Marten, L. (2017). Patterns and developments in the marking of diminutives in Bantu. Nordic Journal of African Studies, 26(4), 344–383. Gumperz, J. J. (1982). Discourse strategies. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Hägg, A. T. (2016). A Contrastive Study of English and Spanish Synthetic Diminutives. Thesis. Oslo: Oslo University. Myers-Scotton, C. (1993). What happens to grammars in bilingual contacts. Multiple Voices: An Introduction to Bilingualism (pp. 233–287). Oxford: Blackwell Publishing. Poplack, S. (1980). Sometimes I’ll start a sentence in Spanish y termino en español: Toward a typology of code-switching. In Linguistics (pp. 581–618). Mouton Publishers. Real Academia Española. (2010). La derivación apreciativa. Nueva Gramática de la Lengua Española Manual, 163–172. Madrid: Espasa Calpe. Schneider, K. P. (2003). Diminutives in English. Tübingen: Max Niemeyer Verlag GmbH. Schneider, K. P. (2013). The truth about diminutives, and how we can find it: Some theoretical and methodological considerations. SKASE Journal of Theoretical Linguistics, 10(1), 137 – 151. Vanhaverbeke, M., Enghels, R. (in press). Diminutive Constructions in Bilingual Speech: a case study of Spanish-English Codeswitching. Belgian Journal of Linguistics, 35. John Benjamins Publishing company.".
• 01GT923MWDRADHWD9B8AWSPADC abstract "A straightforward synthetic protocol leading to carbene-metal-amido (CMA) complexes (metal=Au, Cu) using a mild base and an environmentally desirable solvent (EtOH) has been explored, with a focus on complexes bearing backbone-substituted N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) ligands, including BIAN-NHCs (BIAN=bis(imino)acenaphthene). The novel CMAs were structurally characterized, and gold-based CMAs bearing diverse NHCs were screened as simple, Bronsted-basic precatalysts. The readily accessible complexes display high catalytic activity in the intermolecular and intramolecular hydrocarboxylation of internal alkynes and alkynoic acids respectively, while the screening reveals the ancillary ligand effect of NHCs in these catalytic systems.".
• 01GT9260A930VHHSZA1H85MW63 abstract "Tussen 2020 en 2023 werd Vlaanderen opgeschrikt door dramatische gebeurtenissen in de kinderopvang: ongelukken en crisissen volgden elkaar op. Eindelijk kwam er het besef dat kwaliteit belangrijk is en dat de norm van acht à negen kinderen per begeleider echt te veel is. Zo ontstond er de campagne #negenisteveel.Het is dan ook niet verwonderlijk dat ouders beginnen twijfelen aan zichzelf. Is kinderopvang goed of slecht? Hoe herken je een betrouwbare opvang? Wat mag ik wel/niet verwachten van een crèche of kleuterschool? Dit boek gaat voor één keer niet over wat jij als ouder moet doen, maar gaat over wat je zélf mag verwachten dat anderen voor je doen. Over wat jouw rechten als ouder zijn, en de verantwoordelijkheid die de overheid draagt om te verzekeren dat elke Vlaamse kinderopvang goed en veilig is. In #negenisteveel geeft pedagoog Michel Vandenbroeck een antwoord op de vele vragen die ouders vandaag hebben over kinderopvang en kleuterschool. Je ontdekt welke soorten opvang er bestaan, hoe kwalitatieve opvang eruitziet, wat je kunt doen bij klachten of twijfels, welke vragen je het best kunt stellen tijdens een oudercontact in de kleuterschool of een eerste kennismaking met de crèche… en nog veel meer.".
• 01GT92AQXD238F371CTE4QWM1A abstract "Clostridium (C.) perfringens is the causative agent of necrotic enteritis (NE), an important enteric disease in poultry. Although a variety of virulence factors have been identified and as such the pathogenesis is well studied, data on colonization and sporulation during passage in the intestinal tract are scarce. This study, therefore, evaluated the behaviour of C. perfringens in the different intestinal compartments of broiler chickens during a NE trial. Necrotic enteritis-associated lesions were mostly found in the jejunum, where they were significantly more severe compared to the duodenum and ileum. Furthermore, a positive correlation between the total number of vegetative C. perfringens cells in the duodenum, jejunum, ileum, or distal colon and disease severity was observed. Additionally, in the caecum and distal colon, C. perfringens was mainly present as a spore. This observation has important consequences for NE treatment and prevention, as both the vegetative cells and C. perfringens spores should be targeted to avoid uptake of spores from the litter and reinfection of the birds after antibiotic treatment.".
• 01GT92CHWTM46H8GAZZWJ60F84 abstract "The Decommodification of Early Childhood Education and Care: Resisting Neoliberalism explores how processes of marketisation and privatisation of ECEC have impacted understandings of children, childcare, parents, and the workforce, providing concrete examples of resistance to commodification from diverse contexts. Through processes of marketisation and privatisation, neoliberal discourses have turned ECEC into a commodity whereby economic principles of competition and choice have replaced the purpose of education. The Decommodification of Early Childhood Education and Care: Resisting Neoliberalism offers new and alternative understandings of policy and practice. Written with co-authors from diverse countries, case studies vividly portray resistance to children as human capital, to the "consumentality" of parents, and to the alienation of the early childhood workforce. Ending with messages of hope, the authors discuss the demise of neoliberalism and offer new ways forward. As an international book with global messages contributing to theory, policy, and practice regarding alternatives to a neoliberal and commodified vision of ECEC, this book offers inspiration for policy makers and practitioners to develop local resistance solutions. It will also be of interest to post-graduate students, researchers, educators, and pre-service educators with an interest in critical pedagogy, ECEC policy, and ECEC practice.".
• 01GT92EHNCPDFJZTNAPMP7MQ16 abstract "Corpus linguistics methodologies offer innovative ways of reading legal historical sources. Studying the language of source texts using computational techniques that retrieve linguistic data makes detailed searches of words, phrases, and lexical/grammatical patterns and structures possible and provides multiple contextual data that is both quantitative and qualitative, empirical rather than intuitive. It helps us understand not just what is being said, but also how it is being said, how language is used to encode meanings, and what that can tell us about underlying contents and the socio-political, cultural, geopolitical, economic, and other contexts and discourses in which these texts were produced. This paper argues that the use of corpus linguistics is relevant across comparative legal history and can be applied in comparative legal historical research independent of the area of the law or the historical period. Detailed studies incorporating corpus linguistics will be discussed to show the potential of this methodological shift.".
• 01GT92GFRMZVKK99CBQM3DY4GK abstract "Dietary additives are widely used to reduce intestinal inflammation and enteritis, a growing problem in the broiler industry. Berberine, with anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antimicrobial activity, would be an interesting feed additive in this regard. Phytogenic products are embraced as alternatives to antimicrobials, and some are known to mitigate intestinal inflammation and ensure optimal gut health and performance in broiler chickens. Dietary inclusion of berberine, a benzylisoquinoline alkaloid found in plants, is believed to exert gut health-promoting effects through modulation of the gut microbiota; however, there are only a few studies investigating its effects in chickens. The aim of this study was to investigate the interplay between dietary supplementation of a high concentration of berberine, the gastrointestinal microbiota, and histomorphological parameters in the gut. Berberine was shown to increase villus length and decrease crypt depth and CD3(+) T-lymphocyte infiltration in the gut tissue of chickens at different ages. Berberine affected the diversity of the gut microbiota from the jejunum to the colon, both at a compositional and functional level, with larger effects observed in the large intestine. A high concentration of berberine enriched members of the Enterobacteriaceae family and depleted members of the Ruminococcaceae, Lachnospiraceae, and Peptostreptococcaceae families, as well as tended to reduce butyrate production in the cecum. In vivo results were confirmed by in vitro growth experiments, where increasing concentrations of berberine inhibited the growth of several butyrate-producing strains while not affecting that of Enterobacteriaceae strains. Positive correlations were found between berberine levels in plasma and villus length or villus-to-crypt ratio in the jejunum. Our study showed that berberine supplementation at a high concentration improves chicken gut morphology toward decreased inflammation, which is likely not mediated by the induced gut microbiota shifts.IMPORTANCE Dietary additives are widely used to reduce intestinal inflammation and enteritis, a growing problem in the broiler industry. Berberine, with anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antimicrobial activity, would be an interesting feed additive in this regard. This study investigates for the first time the impact of berberine supplementation on the chicken gastrointestinal microbiota, as a potential mechanism to improve gut health, together with histological effects in the small intestine. This study identified a dose-effect of berberine on the gut microbiota, indicating the importance of finding an optimal dose to be used as a dietary additive.".
• 01GT92K4KR4NBASVD417BDFQKP abstract "Bacterial chondronecrosis with osteomyelitis (BCO) is a common cause of broiler lameness. Bacteria that are found in BCO lesions are intestinal bacteria that are proposed to have translocated through the intestinal epithelium and have spread systemically. One of the specific bacterial species frequently isolated in BCO cases is Enterococcus cecorum. In the current study, caecal isolates were obtained from birds derived from healthy flocks (12 isolates from 6 flocks), while isolates derived from caeca, colon, pericardium, caudal thoracic vertebrae, coxo-femoral joint, knee joint and intertarsal joint (hock) were obtained from broilers derived from BCO outbreaks (111 isolates from 10 flocks). Pulsed field gel electrophoresis was performed to determine similarity. Clonal E. cecorum populations were isolated from different bones/joints and pericardium from animals within the same flock, with intestinal strains carrying the same pulsotype, pointing to the intestinal origin of the systemically present bacteria. Isolates from the intestinal tract of birds from healthy flocks clustered away from the BCO strains. Isolates from the gut, bones/joints and pericardium of affected animals contained a set of genes that were absent in isolates from the gut of healthy animals, such as genes encoding for enterococcal polysaccharide antigens (epa genes), cell wall structural components and nutrient transporters. Isolates derived from the affected birds induced a significant higher mortality in the embryo mortality model as compared to the isolates from the gut of healthy birds, pointing to an increased virulence.".
• 01GT92RRAKCJRTFTTX95QX2NZW abstract "Gold catalysis has witnessed immense evolution in recent years, yet it still requires the use of activators to render the common [AuCl(L)] complexes catalytically active. Herein, the H-bonding donor properties of hexafluoroisopropanol (HFIP) are utilized for Au-Cl bond activation and the ancillary ligand and counteranion effects on cycloisomerization reactions are showcased in HFIP as solvent.".
• 01GT92YGJTYR60T0H75JE47VX9 abstract "Context: In trans women, hormone treatment induces feminization; however, the degree of feminization varies from person to person. A possible contributing factor could be estrone, a weak estrogen that interferes with the estrogen receptor. Objective: We assessed whether estrone is involved in feminization induced by hormone treatment. Methods: This prospective cohort study, with follow-up of 1 year, included 212 adult trans women at a gender identity clinic, who were starting gender-affirming hormone treatment between July 2017 and December 2019, median age 25 years. Change in fat percentage and breast development were assessed. Results: After 12 months of hormone treatment, estrone concentration was 187 pmol/L (95% CI, 153-220) in transdermal and 1516 pmol/L (95% CI, 1284-1748) in oral estradiol users. Fat percentage increased by 1.2% (interquartile range [IQR], 0.3-4.8) in transdermal and 4.6% (IQR, 2.5-5.9) in oral estradiol users. This was not associated with estrone concentrations in transdermal (+4.4% (95% CI, -4.0 to 13) per 100 pmol/L increase in estrone concentration) nor in oral estradiol users (-0.7% [95% CI, -1.7 to 0.3]). Breast volume increased by 69 mL (IQR, 58-134) in transdermal and 62 mL (IQR, 32-95) in oral estradiol users. This was not associated with estrone concentrations in transdermal (+14% [95% CI, -49 to 156] per 100 pmol/L increase in estrone concentration) nor oral estradiol users (+11% [95% CI -14 to 43]). Conclusions: Change in fat percentage and breast development in trans women were not associated with estrone concentrations nor with administration route. Therefore, measurement of estrone concentrations does not have a place in the monitoring of feminization in trans women.".
• 01GT9333GW4F6PEV1GBQKVRC0S abstract "Ascorbic acid (AA), which plays a crucial role in human biological systems, was fluorometrically detected by a 3D Cd(ii)-containing metal-organic framework (MOF) sensor, named IITG-6 (IITG = Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati). Single crystals of IITG-6 were solvothermally synthesized using a 2-((pyridin-4-ylmethyl)amino)terephthalic acid (H2BDC-NH-CH2-Py) linker. The MOF is thermally stable up to 320 degrees C and stable in aqueous medium. The guest free form of IITG-6 MOF (named IITG-6a) can detect AA via turn-off fluorescence response in water. The sensor exhibited a short response time (<1 min) and nanomolar detection limit (31 nM). The AA sensing capability of IITG-6a was demonstrated in different fruit and vegetable samples like tomato, orange, Indian gooseberry and lemon. The MOF also showed its selective sensing ability towards AA in a human urine sample. Moreover, test paper strips containing the MOF powder were fabricated which are suitable for onsite AA detection. By combining DFT calculations with experimental techniques, the AA sensing mechanism has been investigated.".
• 01GT938AES0SHXXEBT4FWSTHAE abstract "In line with increasing numbers of transgender (trans) and gender nonbinary people requesting hormone treatment, the body of available research is expanding. More clinical research groups are presenting data, and the numbers of participants in these studies are rising. Many previous review papers have focused on all available data, as these were scarce, but a more recent literature review is timely. Hormonal regimens have changed over time, and older data may be less relevant for today's practice. In recent literature, we have found that even though mental health problems are more prevalent in trans people compared to cisgender people, less psychological difficulties occur, and life satisfaction increases with gender-affirming hormone treatment (GAHT) for those who feel this is a necessity. With GAHT, body composition and contours change towards the affirmed sex. Studies in bone health are reassuring, but special attention is needed for adolescent and adult trans women, aiming at adequate dosage of hormonal supplementation and stimulating therapy compliance. Existing epidemiological data suggest that the use of (certain) estrogens in trans women induces an increased risk of myocardial infarction and stroke, the reason that lifestyle management can be an integral part of trans health care. The observed cancer risk in trans people does not exceed the known cancer-risk differences between men and women. Now it is time to integrate the mostly reassuring data, to leave the overly cautious approach behind, to not copy the same research questions repeatedly, and to focus on longer follow-up data with larger cohorts.".
• 01GT93B304XPHZAD9APPYNAEST abstract "Comparative judgments permit the assessment of open-ended student works by constructing a latent quality scale through repeated pairwise comparisons (i.e., which works "win" or "lose"). Adaptive comparative judgments speed up the judgment process by maximizing the Fisher information of the next comparison. However, at the start of a judgment process, such an adaptive algorithm will not perform well. In order to reliably approximate the Fisher Information of possible pairs well, multiple comparisons are needed. In addition, adaptive comparative judgments have been shown to inflate the scale separation coefficient, which is a reliability estimator for the quality estimates. Current methods to solve the inflation issue increase the number of required comparisons. The goal of this study is to alleviate the cold-start problem of adaptive comparative judgments for essays or other textual assignments, but also to minimize the bias of the scale separation coefficient. By using text-mining techniques, which can be performed before the first judgment, essays can be adaptively compared from the start. More specifically, we propose a selection rule that is based both on a high (1) cosine similarity of the vector representations and (2) Fisher Information of essay pairs. At the start of the judgment process, the cosine similarity has the highest weight in the selection rule. With more judgments, this weight decreases progressively, whereas the weight of the Fisher Information increases. Using simulated data, the proposed strategy is compared with existing approaches. The results indicate that the proposed selection rule can mitigate both the cold-start. That is, fewer judgments are needed to obtain accurate and reliable quality estimates. In addition, the selection rule was found to reduce the inflation of the scale separation reliability.".
• 01GT93BBV52PTJRPJFZ5XB2X9B abstract "We present the use of gold sensitizers [Au(SIPr)(Cbz)] (PhotAu 1) and [Au(IPr)(Cbz)] (PhotAu 2) as attractive alternatives to state-of-the-art iridium-based systems. These novel photocatalysts are deployed in [2 + 2] cycloadditions of diallyl ethers and N-tosylamides. The reactions proceed in short reaction times and in environmentally friendly solvents. [Au(SIPr)Cbz] and [Au(IPr)(Cbz)] have higher triplet energy (E-T) values (66.6 and 66.3 kcal mol(-1), respectively) compared to commonly used iridium photosensitizers. These E-T values permit the use of these gold complexes as sensitizers enabling energy transfer catalysis involving unprotected indole derivatives, a substrate class previously inaccessible with state-of-the-art Ir photocatalysts. The photosynthesis of unprotected tetracyclic spiroindolines via intramolecular [2 + 2] cycloaddition using our simple mononuclear gold sensitizer is readily achieved. Mechanistic studies support the involvement of triplet-triplet energy transfer (TTEnT) for both [2 + 2] photocycloadditions.".
• 01GT93GRDH1FYMTQDXXVDRDBQP abstract "A simple and efficient method for the oxidativecoupling of terminal alkynes is reported for thefirst time, makinguse of imidazol(in)ium aurates as pre-catalysts. This approachdisplays high functional group tolerance and leads to a broad rangeof 1,3-diyne compounds in moderate to excellent yields using lowcatalyst loading and is performed in air under mild and sustainable conditions.".
• 01GT93M450DQ26NDQ80J3Y7XE9 abstract "In this communication, we investigate the reaction between seleno- and thiourea, derived from N-heterocyclic carbenes, with the interhalogen iodine monochloride. The formation of all three products was confirmed by NMR spectroscopy, while single-crystal X-ray analyses were able to establish a charge-transfer coordination type, which showed a linear Se/S-I-Cl arrangement, for all adducts formed. Based on a detailed crystallographic analysis, we can deduce the zwitterionic character of these compounds.".
• 01GT93NVSHEW5CWQFE84C5ZWTT abstract "A mmWave-over-fiber distributed antenna system (DAS), in combination with highly efficient air-filled substrate-integrated-waveguide (AFSIW) remote antenna units (RAUs), proves to be a prime candidate to counter the harsh propagation conditions that arise at mmWave frequencies. This paper proposes a system-level model to accurately analyze the link quality of a downlink mmWave-over-fiber wireless link in a time-efficient way. The model includes a realistic antenna description, fiber losses, and non-linear effects of the opto-electrical/electro-optical transducers and the electrical amplifiers. This provides in-depth insight into the signal quality at each stage of the link and enables offline link optimization. In addition, the modular nature allows incorporating more advanced wireless channel models/measurements, which can be used to optimize RAU placement in the future. Finally, the model is validated by means of a measurement campaign, demonstrating good agreement.".
• 01GT93SHZPBQTZ9KDGM36BKKQX abstract "Parallel career tracks have become more prevalent today, especially in Brazil, where more than a quarter of all postgrads have one. Despite its growing popularity, little research has tapped into this new career phenomenon. This study examines whether having a parallel career track leads to negative work outcomes related to sustainable careers, such as higher absenteeism and lower engagement, in comparison to a single career track. Cross-sectional and longitudinal data were gathered from 380 and 102 Brazilian professionals respectively, who filled out an online survey. A normal and a repeated-measures multivariate analysis of variance were used to examine whether work outcomes differed between those with parallel career tracks versus single career tracks. The findings indicate that parallel career tracks do not have different effects on individual sustainable employability outcomes when compared to single career tracks, including employability, engagement, absenteeism, presenteeism, and burnout. Therefore, organizations can face this new career trend without reluctance as it does not harm individual work outcomes related to sustainable careers. This study contributes significantly to improving the understanding of this new career format by examining the impact of parallel career tracks on individual work outcomes through a longitudinal design.".
• 01GT947YABFPDD6KWEDD3YQJ70 abstract "A sense of belonging is one of the most important human needs. Immigrants might experience this differently because they tend to feel a lack of belonging to their host or home country. Nowadays, however, social media allows immigrants and diasporic groups to establish a digital sense of belonging. Members of the Turkish diaspora in Germany are inclined to use social media, especially Facebook, as a platform to connect with their roots, be informed about Turkish news, prove their Turkishness, and provide solidarity for each other. For this paper, we interviewed fifteen Turkish- Germans to get some insight into their perceptions about developing a digital belonging to Turkey through Facebook. We used discourse analysis to analyse their statements. The results suggest that Facebook allows Turkish-Germans to develop a digital belonging to Turkey through its specific features; however, it decreases their sense of belonging to Germany, as stated in the interviews.".
• 01GT94Q26J7W4FC4XMYJJWHEAQ abstract "In order to obtain a better understanding why some entrepreneurs retain more control over their venture than others, this article analyzes the relationship between the social identity of the entrepreneur and her/his desire for control. In fact, entrepreneurs face an important tradeoff between attracting resources required to build company value and retaining decision-making control. Yet, we currently lack insight into whether and how entrepreneurs' social motivations shape this trade-off. This study draws on social identity theory and a unique sample of 148 buyout entrepreneurs, as this setting confronts aspiring entrepreneurs directly with the value-control tradeoff. In our logistic regression, we find that entrepreneurs with a strong missionary identity, where venture creation revolves around advancing a cause, hold a higher desire for control. We do not observe a significant relationship between entrepreneurs having a Darwinian (driven by economic self-interest) or communitarian (driven by the concern for the community) identity and the desire to control their venture. When adding the moderating role of the portion of personal wealth the entrepreneur is willing to invest in her/his venture, the relationships between having a Darwinian or missionary social identity and the desire for control become significantly positive when the entrepreneur is looking to invest a larger portion of her/his wealth.".
• 01GT94XKH0R79Y3T7ZDDW5H3YJ abstract "Literature on the efficacy and safety of gender-affirming hormonal treatment (GAHT) in transgender people is limited. For this reason, in 2010 the European Network for the Investigation of Gender Incongruence (ENIGI) study was born. The aim of this review is to summarize evidence emerging from this prospective multicentric study and to identify future perspectives. GAHT was effective in inducing desired body changes in both trans AMAB and AFAB people (assigned male and female at birth, respectively). Evidence from the ENIGI study confirmed the overall safety of GAHT in the short/mid-term. In trans AMAB people, an increase in prolactin levels was demonstrated, whereas the most common side effects in trans AFAB people were acne development, erythrocytosis, and unfavorable changes in lipid profile. The main future perspectives should include the evaluation of the efficacy and safety of non-standardized hormonal treatment in non-binary trans people. Furthermore, long-term safety data on mortality rates, oncological risk, and cardiovascular, cerebrovascular and thromboembolic events are lacking. With this aim, we decided to extend the observation of the ENIGI study to 10 years in order to study all these aspects in depth and to answer these questions.".
• 01GT959Z1A8A46SNZ4W9DY8S55 abstract "Despite decades of research, sepsis remains one of the most urgent unmet medical needs. Mechanistic investigations into sepsis have mainly focused on targeting inflammatory pathways; however, recent data indicate that sepsis should also be seen as a metabolic disease. Targeting metabolic dysregulations that take place in sepsis might uncover novel therapeutic opportunities. The role of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPAR alpha) in liver dysfunction during sepsis has recently been described, and restoring PPAR alpha signaling has proven to be successful in mouse polymicrobial sepsis. To confirm that such therapy might be translated to septic patients, we analyzed metabolic perturbations in the liver of a porcine fecal peritonitis model. Resuscitation with fluids, vasopressor, antimicrobial therapy and abdominal lavage were applied to the pigs in order to mimic human clinical care. By using RNA-seq, we detected downregulated PPAR alpha signaling in the livers of septic pigs and that reduced PPAR alpha levels correlated well with disease severity. As PPAR alpha regulates the expression of many genes involved in fatty acid oxidation, the reduced expression of these target genes, concomitant with increased free fatty acids in plasma and ectopic lipid deposition in the liver, was observed. The results obtained with pigs are in agreement with earlier observations seen in mice and support the potential of targeting defective PPAR alpha signaling in clinical research.".
• 01GT95N5PTVX4XFCHSWH4N6MC3 abstract "Background: WHO recommends periodical assessment of the prevalence of any soil-transmitted helminth (STH) infections to adapt the frequency of mass drug administration targeting STHs. Today, detection of eggs in stool smears (Kato-Katz thick smear) remains the diagnostic standard. However, stool examination (coprology) has important operational drawbacks and impedes integrated surveys of multiple neglected tropical diseases. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to assess the potential of applying serology instead of coprology in STH control program decision-making. Methodology: An antibody-ELISA based on extract of Ascaris lung stage larvae (AsLungL3-ELISA) was applied in ongoing monitoring activities of the Ethiopian national control program against schistosomiasis and soil-transmitted helminthiasis. Blood and stool samples were collected from over 6,700 students (median age: 11) from 63 schools in 33 woredas (districts) across the country. Stool samples of two consecutive days were analyzed applying duplicate Kato-Katz thick smear. Principal findings: On woreda level, qualitative (seroprevalence) and quantitative (mean optical density ratio) serology results were highly correlated, and hence seroprevalence was chosen as parameter. For 85% of the woredas, prevalence based on serology was higher than those based on coprology. The results suggested cross-reactivity of the AsLungL3-ELISA with Trichuris. When extrapolating the WHO coproprevalence thresholds, there was a moderate agreement (weighted kappa = 0.43) in program decision-making. Using the same threshold values would predominantly lead to a higher frequency of drug administration. Significance: This is the first time that serology for soil-transmitted helminthiasis is applied on such large scale, thereby embedded in a control program context. The results underscore that serology holds promise as a tool to monitor STH control programs. Further research should focus on the optimization of the diagnostic assay and the refinement of serology-specific program decision-making thresholds.".
• 01GT95NBX18REP377MRWFN8QWX abstract "Background Gender affirming hormonal treatment (GAHT) is a cornerstone in transgender care. National data are sparse regarding use of hormonal treatment by transgender persons. Aim To assess use of GAHT in transgender persons. Design National register-based cohort study in Danish transgender persons followed from 2000 until 2018. The main outcome measure was prescription and purchase of GAHT. Persons with ICD-10 diagnosis code of "gender identity disorder" (CGI-cohort) and persons with legal sex change but without diagnosis (CPR-cohort) were included. In the CGI-cohort, transgender women were defined by prescription of estrogen and/or cyproterone acetate and/or testosterone-5-alpha reductase inhibitors, and transgender men were defined by prescription of testosterone after study inclusion. Discontinuation of GAHT was defined as no purchase of GAHT >= 13 months or shift from feminizing to masculinizing hormone treatment, or vice versa. Results The cohort included 2789 transgender persons (n = 1717, CGI-cohort and n = 1072, CPR-cohort). The median age (interquartile range) at study inclusion was 26.1 (17.7) years for persons assigned male at birth (n = 1447) and 22.5 (10.5) years for persons assigned female at birth (n = 1342). In the CGI-cohort, the event rate for GAHT in transgender women increased from 4.0 (95% confidence interval [CI]: [3.1; 5.2]) events per 100 person in year 2000-2005 to 20.6 (17.8; 23.7) between 2014 and 2018. In transgender men, the event rate of GAHT increased from 4.2 (2.8; 6.2) to 18.8 (16.4; 21.6). The rate of discontinuation of GAHT was 0.06 (95% CI 0.049; 0.071) per person year. Conclusions The event rate of GAHT increased during 2000-2018. Our data suggested high adherence to GAHT.".
• 01GT95PVTKPJF4C226Y1VTJ04Q abstract "Objective: Broaching-i.e., a counsellor's effort to install meaningful conversations in psychotherapy concerning one's cultural identity-is a strong predictor of positive treatment outcomes and client satisfaction, especially for minority-identified clients. Despite this understanding, the broaching literature has struggled to translate broaching principles into practical recommendations for specific behaviours and skills. The current study therefore explores the effects of broaching approaches by the therapist (i.e., direct, indirect and avoidant approach) about cultural topics including ethnicity, religion, gender expression and socioeconomic status on clients' perception of (1) the multicultural orientation of the therapist and (2) the frequency of microaggressions during therapy. Method: These research questions were investigated in a sample of ethnic minority clients (N = 231) who followed at least one session of mental healthcare counselling during the last 12 months. Results: Findings show that indirect broaching is the overall most favourable approach, whilst avoidant broaching is consistently negatively associated with all therapy-related outcome measures. Conclusion: The results lay the basis for practical guidelines for broaching in psychotherapy, and provide counsellors with a foundation for having cultural conversations in an effective and respectful manner.".
• 01GT95TM9261F7MMX4HH4FK1GX abstract "Background: It is currently unknown whether there are differences in desire for gender affirming medical treatment (GAMT) between binary and non-binary transgender individuals, although the latter seek treatment less prevalently. Aim: To investigate differences between binary and non-binary individuals on received GAMT, desire for GAMT, and motives for (not) wanting GAMT, and to explore the association between having an unfulfilled treatment desire and general and sexual well-being. Methods: We conducted an online questionnaire in a community sample of 125 transgender men, 72 transgender women, and 62 non-binary transgender individuals (age: M = 30.4, SD = 11.31, range 18-69). Outcome measures: Undergone GAMT, GAMT desire, motives for (not) wanting (further) GAMT, Utrecht Gender Dysphoria Scale, Satisfaction With Life Scale, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, Global Measure of Sexual Satisfaction, transgender-specific body image worries, and sexual self-concept discrepancies. Results: Binary transgender participants reported having undergone more GAMT procedures than non-binary transgender participants (P <.001 for both gender affirming hormone treatment (GAHT) and gender affirming surgery (GAS)). While binary participants reported a stronger desire for GAHT compared to non-binary participants (X2(1, N = 93) = 32.63, P <.001), the groups did not differ in their desire for GAS (X-2(1, N = 247) = 0.68, P =.411). Binary and non-binary participants reported similar reasons for wanting treatment, mostly related to body and/or gender incongruence and gender affirmation. In terms of not wanting treatment, the non-binary group reported their gender identity as the most important reason, while the binary group mostly mentioned possible medical complications. The majority of both groups had an unfulfilled treatment desire (69% of binary participants and 64.5% of non-binary participants), which was related to lower levels of general life satisfaction (P <.001) and sexual satisfaction (P =.005), more anxiety (P =.006) and transgender-specific body image worries (P <.001), and larger sexual self-concept discrepancies (P <.001 for actual and/or ideal, P <.001 for actual and/or ought). Clinical implications: Systemic barriers to GAMT (especially GAS) should be removed not only for binary but also for non-binary identifying transgender individuals to decrease the discrepancy between treatment desire and actually seeking treatment. Strengths & limitations: This study was the first to systematically investigate differences in treatment desire motives between binary and non-binary transgender individuals, while also showing the possible negative consequences of an unfulfilled treatment desire. Given the online character of the study, results may not generalize to the broader transgender community. Conclusion: Similarly to binary transgender individuals, many non-binary transgender individuals have a desire for GAMT, and not being able to receive GAMT has a negative effect on their mental and sexual health. Further efforts should be made to make GAMT accessible for all transgender individuals, regardless of gender identity.".
• 01GT960WZZNAFGYYMKG2WHBWR2 abstract "Background: Cardiovascular risk could be increased in transgender persons, but the mechanism is undetermined. Aim: The aim of this study was to assess the risk of cardiovascular outcomes in Danish transgender persons compared to controls. Methods: The study design was a historical register-based cohort study in Danish transgenders and age-matched controls. The main outcome measure was cardiovascular diagnosis (any CVD) including medicine prescriptions for CVD during 2000-2018. The transgender cohort (n = 2671) included persons with International Classification of Diseases-10 diagnosis code of 'gender identity disorder' (n = 1583) and persons with legal sex change (n = 1088), 1270 were assigned female at birth (AFAB) and 1401 were assigned male at birth (AMAB). Controls (n = 26 710) were matched by age (n = 5 controls of same and n = 5 controls of other birth sex) of the respective transgender. Results: The median (interquartile range) age at study inclusion was 22 (18; 29) years for AFAB and 26 (21; 39) years for AMAB. The mean (S.D.) follow-up time was 4.5 (4.2) years for AFAB and 5.7 (4.8) years for AMAB. The hazard ratio (HR) for any CVD was significantly higher in transgenders vs controls of same and other birth sex, with highest adjusted HR in transgenders AFAB vs control men: 2.20 (95% CI: 1.64;2.95), P < 0.001. Gender-affirming hormone treatment (GAHT) explained part of elevated risk of CVD in transgenders AFAB, whereas GAHT did not contribute to the elevated risk of CVD in transgenders AMAB. Conclusions: The risk of cardiovascular diagnosis was increased in transgenders. The mechanism should be further investigated.".
• 01GT969AQXQEBY2NMKG40VQ1G9 abstract "The intensive use of anthelmintic drugs to control Fasciola hepatica infections in dairy cattle has resulted in the emergence of anthelmintic resistance. Cases of resistance to triclabendazole (TCBZ) have been reported world-wide. The main goal of this research was to evaluate the main five fasciolicides to control fasciolosis in dairy cattle in the Mantaro Valley, Peru. Two fecal egg count reduction tests were performed. In a first study, 24 naturally F. hepatica infected cattle were randomly grouped into three experimental groups (n = 8). Groups were treated with either TCBZ, nitroxynil (NTX) or closantel (CLOS). In a second experiment, 55 naturally infected cows were grouped into three experimental groups and treated with either TCBZ (n = 18), rafoxanide (RFX) + albendazole (ABZ) (n = 19) or clorsulon (CLN) + ivermectin (IVM) (n = 18). Therapeutic efficacy was deter-mined following the WAAVP guidelines by measuring reduction in fluke egg output at days 15 and 30 post-treatment. Bootstrapping method was used to obtain the 95% confidence intervals. The efficacy of TCBZ was inadequate in both studies (<= 80.8%). Closantel showed high efficacy (>= 90%) at both days, while NTX showed 92.9% (83-100) and 82.1% (53.6-100), efficacy, at days 15 and 30, respectively. Efficacy for RFX were 92.1% (79.6-98.9) and 97.4% (94.1-99.4); and for CLN, 98.8% (97.6-100) and 80.1% (44.7-99.4), at days 15 and 30, respectively. The outcome of this study indicates reduced therapeutic efficacy of TCBZ against F. hepatica in an important dairy area of the Peruvian central highlands but also demonstrates the validity of four alternatives.".
• 01GT969WVBMRV6WK0Q1S8RS2TQ abstract "Background Initiating feminizing gender-affirming hormone therapy (GAHT) in transgender women causes a steep decline in serum testosterone. It is unknown if testosterone concentrations change further and whether adrenal androgen levels change during feminizing GAHT and after gonadectomy. This limits clinical decision making in transgender women with symptoms attributed to GAHT or gonadectomy. Methods Transgender women (n = 275) initiating estradiol and cyproterone acetate (CPA) were included at baseline, and had follow-up visits after 3 months, 12 months, and 2 to 4 years. During follow-up, 49.5% of transgender women underwent a gonadectomy. Total testosterone (TT), dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS), and androstenedione (A4) were measured using liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. Results After 3 months of GAHT, mean TT, calculated free testosterone (cFT), and A4 decreased by 18.4 nmol/L (95% CI, -19.4 to -17.4, P < 0.001 [ie, -97.1%]), 383 pmol/L (95% CI, -405 to -362, P < 0.001 [ie, -98.3%]), and 1.2 nmol/L (95% CI, -1.4 to -1.0, P < 0.001 [ie, -36.5%]), respectively, and remained stable thereafter. DHEA and DHEAS decreased by 7.4 nmol/L (95% CI, -9.7 to -5.1 [ie, -28.0%]) and 1.8 mu mol/L (95% CI, -2.2 to -1.4 [ie, -20.1%]), respectively, after 1 year and did not change thereafter. After gonadectomy, CPA therapy is stopped, which induced no further change in TT, cFT, DHEA, DHEAS, and A4 compared with those who did not undergo gonadectomy. Conclusions Our findings confirm that after an initial drop, testosterone levels in transgender women remain stable. Adrenal androgens decrease in the first year of CPA and estrogen supplementation and remain unchanged after gonadectomy. Androgens did not change after gonadectomy and cessation of CPA. Correlates with clinical symptoms remain to be elucidated.".
• 01GT96CJW02FQ903QMEJ61AYFH abstract "In recent years, cognitive control training (CCT) has gained momentum as an intervention to remediate cognitive impairments and decrease depressive symptoms. One promising operationalization to train cognitive control is the adaptive Paced Auditory Serial Addition Task (aPASAT). In this systematic review and meta-analysis of aPASAT training, the efficacy of the intervention and potential moderators were examined. The PsycINFO, MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science and Cochrane Library electronic databases were searched for studies examining aPASAT training for depressive symptomatology or rumination. Nineteen studies (n=1255) were included, comprising of depressed patients, remitted depressed patients, at-risk, and healthy participants. We found small significant effects directly after training for both depressive symptomatology and rumination, with similar effect sizes at followup. Subgroup analyses suggest a significantly higher mean effect of aPASAT training in nonhealthy populations for rumination immediately following training, but not for depressive symptomatology. The amount of training sessions did not moderate effects of CCT. aPASAT has a small but significant effect on depressive symptoms, with direct effects immediately after training, as well as sustained long-term effects. It is currently unclear how many sessions are required for sustained effects due to heterogeneity in training dosage and absence of sufficient trials. Our results suggest that aPASAT training may be most effective for at-risk, remitted- and clinically depressed populations. The effect sizes resulting from this metaanalysis could be used to adequately power future research, which could investigate a doseresponse relationship and examine potential treatment gains when combining CCT with other antidepressant interventions.".
• 01GT96EXR0SNP1KBK9P8N7CW04 abstract "Ascaris suum is one of the most important parasites of pigs. Apart from liver condemnation due to lesions caused by migrating larvae ("milk spots"), A. suum infections can compromise weight gain, feed conversion efficacy, as well as meat quality. The true prevalence of infection depends on the diagnostic test used and is often under-estimated. We compared liver inspection at slaughter with serology, based on the recognition of a purified A. suum haemoglobin or complete homogenate of the 3rd stage larvae isolated from lungs, in nine pig farms in northern Italy. Liver lesions were found on all farms with prevalence ranging from 3.8% to 98.3%. All farms were also positive for circulating antibodies against As-Hb and As-Lung-L3, with prevalence among pigs on each farm ranging from 36.4-100% and 54.5-100%, respectively. Seroprevalence was consistently higher when compared to the prevalence of milk spots at slaughter. The higher sensitivity of the ELISA tests combined with their ease of use makes them an interesting tool to evaluate A. suum infection levels.".
• 01GT96GRCJSNNC21ZSVPNPCWA8 abstract "Purpose The aim of our study was to assess dermatological changes in transgender people after the start of gender-affirming hormonal treatment (GAHT) and to investigate whether various hormonal preparations differently affect dermatological changes in trans AFAB (assigned female at birth) people. Methods In a multicenter prospective study, 484 participants (193 assigned male at birth/AMAB and 291 AFAB) were evaluated at baseline (T0), 6 (T1) and 12 months (T2) after the start of GAHT. Hair growth was assessed by the Ferriman-Gallwey (FG) score, acne by the Global Acne Grading Scale (GAGS), and alopecia by the Norwood Hamilton (NH) score. Results In AFAB people, a significant increase in FG score and NH grade was observed across time, as well as in GAGS score in a subsample of 71 individuals (p < 0.001). Testosterone (T) undecanoate and esters showed a higher increase in hair distribution at T2 vs. T1 as compared to T gel (p < 0.01). T esters showed a significantly higher impact in GAGS score modifications at T1 and at T2 vs. T0 compared to T gel (p = 0.021 and p = 0.003, respectively). In trans AMAB people, a significant decrease of FG score was observed across time (p < 0.001), although 51.3% of individuals still reported an FG score higher than eight after 12 months. Conclusion T treatment increased hair growth, acne and alopecia prevalence in AFAB people, with T undecanoate and esters influencing hair growth more than T gel. Opposite dermatological changes were observed in AMAB people.".
• 01GT96MNR9XAW4H9KPKPS7150X abstract "Consumers demand more fresh, safe, and high-quality food. As this is partiallycorrelated to the microbial profile, several microbiological examination tools are available. Incontrast to meat, no microbiological normalized methods to assess the microbiological quality of fresh marine fish have been agreed on. As a result, studies on the detection and diversity of spoilage associated organisms (SAOs) in fish often apply various detection, isolation, and identification techniques. This complicates the comparison and interpretation of data reported, and often results in different or inconclusive results. Therefore, the present review aimed to present a critical overview of the isolation/cultivation and detection techniques currently applied in fish microbiology.After a comprehensive search in the PubMed, Web of Science and Scopus databases, a total of 111 studies fulfilled the review selection criteria. Results revealed that when relying on culture media for the isolation of SAOs in fish, it is essential to include a salt-containing medium next to plate count agar that is currently used as the reference medium for the enumeration of bacteria on fish. In terms of identification, MALDI-TOF MS and 16S rRNA gene sequencing are currently the most promising tools, though other housekeeping genes should be targeted as well, and, the biggest challenge at this point is still the lack of comprehensive proteomic and sequence databases for SAOs. A full replacement of cultivation by next generation sequencing is difficult to recommend due to the absence of a standardized experimental methodology, especially for fish, and the relatively high sequencing costs. Additionally, a discrepancy between culture-dependent and independent methods in revealing the bacterial diversity, and abundancy, from marine fish was demonstrated by several authors. It is therefore recommended to consider both approaches as complements of one another, rather than substitutes, and to include them simultaneously to yield more complete results regarding the SAOs in fresh marine fish. As such, a thorough understanding of the biology of spoilage organisms and process will be obtained to prolong the shelf -life and deliver a high-quality product.".
• 01GT96MNRGHZCD0J279HAX254C abstract "Campylobacteriosis is a significant public health concern with Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli as main causative agents. Moreover, there is an increasing recognition of other pathogenic Campylobacter species and Campylobacter-like organisms as Arcobacter. However, current knowledge on presence of Arcobacter species in wild boars (Sus scrofa) is lacking, and knowledge on Campylobacter species is based on methods favoring growth of thermotolerant species. In this study, fecal samples originating from 76 wild boars hunted in Campania region (Italy) were examined for the presence of Campylobacter(-like) organisms by a culture dependent approach. Three isolation protocols were performed in parallel: Arcobacter-selective agar plates, mCCDA plates and isolation by passive filtration onto non-selective blood agar plates were used as quantitative isolation methods. Enrichment broths, i.e. Arcobacter selective enrichment broth, Preston broth and CAT broth were used for qualitative detection of low levels or stressed Campylobacter(-like) organisms. The Arcobacter and Campylobacter isolates were identified at species level using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) and 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) sequence analysis. Overall, 41 (53.9%) of the animals excreted Arcobacter or Campylobacter while 38 (50.0%) shed Campylobacter and 8 (10.5%) Arcobacter. Campylobacter lanienae predominated and was isolated from 31 (40.8%) animals. No statistical difference between the age groups or gender with regard to the fecal excretion of Campylobacter(-like) organisms was observed. Thirty animals (39.5%) shed Campylobacter spp. exceeding levels of 10 (3) CFU g(-1) feces. As samples were obtained from hunted wild boars intended for consumption, a potential contamination of meat with these bacterial pathogens must be considered.".
• 01GT96MNRMQZ6B043GW04TETGN abstract "Escherichia albertii, a close relative of E. coli, is an emerging zoonotic foodborne pathogen associated with watery diarrhea mainly in children and immunocompromised individuals. E. albertii was initially classified as eae-positive Hafnia alvei, however, as more genetic and biochemical information became available it was reassigned to its current novel taxonomy. Its infections are common under conditions of poor hygiene with confirmed transmission via contaminated water and food, mainly poultry-based products. This pathogen has been isolated from various domestic and wild animals, with most isolates being derived from birds, implying that birds among other wild animals might act as its reservoir. Due to the absence of standardized isolation and identification protocols, E. albertii can be misidentified as other Enterobacteriaceae. Exploiting phenotypes such as its inability to ferment rhamnose and xylose and PCR assays targeting E. albertii-specific genes such as the cytolethal distending toxin and the DNA-binding transcriptional activator of cysteine biosynthesis encoding genes can be used to accurately identify this pathogen. Several gaps exist in our knowledge of E. albertii and need to be bridged. A deeper understanding of E. albertii epidemiology and physiology is required to allow the development of effective measures to control its transmission and infections. Overall, current data suggest that E. albertii might play a more significant role in global infectious diarrhea cases than previously assumed and is often overlooked or misidentified. Therefore, simple, and efficient diagnostic tools that cover E. albertii biodiversity are required for effective isolation and identification of this elusive agent of diarrhea.".
• 01GT96MNRRSKAWZB7CPRVHSV6H abstract "Current and emerging veterinary public health (VPH) challenges raised by globalization, climate change, and industrialization of food production require the veterinarian's role to evolve in parallel and veterinary education to adapt to reflect these changes. The European Food Hygiene catalog was developed to provide a list of topics relevant to Day One Competencies in VPH. A study was undertaken to ensure that the catalog and teaching practices were pertinent to the work of public health veterinarians. Relevant stakeholders were consulted using questionnaires and semi-structured interviews. A long questionnaire was distributed to 49 academics teaching VPH in European veterinary schools to review topics listed in the catalog. Eighteen responses were received (36.7%), representing 12 European countries. There was general agreement that most topics were appropriate for the undergraduate VPH curriculum. A short questionnaire was distributed to 348 European veterinarians working in the industry. Twenty-four questionnaires (6.7%) were received, representing eight European countries. Despite the low participation rate, topics needing greater emphasis in the undergraduate curriculum included Hazard Analysis Critical Control Points (HACCP), food microbiology, and audits. Seven semi-structured interviews with public health veterinarians working in the UK identified the need for curricular changes including greater practical experience and a shift from a focus on meat inspection to risk management. This may be partly achieved by replacing traditional lectures with authentic case-based scenarios. The study findings can be used to inform the future direction to VPH education for veterinary students across Europe.".
• 01GT96MQWWSQAH8M0C9Y564HZA abstract "City-to-city learning processes have gained importance around the world. However, few cities have given systemic thought to which knowledge travels and in which way. This paper analyzes the traveling of ideas in a city-to-city learning arena. Using a qualitative case study approach, and addressing a gap in empirical cases, it explores the travel of ideas between stakeholders in urban food systems from Quito and Lima. Data have been collected through online interviews and document analysis. The results show that stakeholders perceived city-to-city learning as an important mechanism to build better urban food systems. They demonstrate that the success or failure of these exchanges depends on the urban stakeholders involved and the political, social, environmental context of each city. Despite the promising first steps, the process experienced a rupture, influenced by the start of the pandemic crises and four interrelated challenges (context specificity, the high staff turnover, leadership, and the availability of information). These challenges also provide a better understanding of the complexity of city-to-city learning processes among cities in South America. The city-to-city learning process between Quito and Lima still needs to mature to reach tangible outcomes. These cities have not been able to transform information into knowledge that can be applied in their process toward more resilient and sustainable food systems. However, they have learned the process should not only rely on local governments but also on representatives from the civil society to decentralize urban food systems and learning processes. The eventual success of the ongoing process between Quito and Lima will depend on the institutional maturity, social and political environment, resources, and the willingness of local authorities to work on this topic.".
• 01GT96PV0CET1Q1YB6HP6W92BK abstract "Introduction: Thyroid hormone replacement in central hypothyroidism (CHT) is more difficult than in primary hypothyroidism (PHT), putting patients at risk for inappropriate substitution. In this study, we compared the dosage of thyroid hormone replacement in patients with CHT with that of patients with PHT. In addition, we explored and compared quality of life (QoL) between both groups, based on two questionnaires, the SF-36 health score and the thyroid-specific ThyPRO score.Methods: This is a monocentric, cross-sectional study, performed at the Ghent University Hospital (Belgium). We included 82 patients in total, 41 patients with CHT and 41 patients with PHT. At the time of inclusion, all patients had to have a stable dose of levothyroxine over the past 6 months and patients with PHT needed to be euthyroid (defined as having a thyroid-stimulating hormone level within the reference range, 0.2-4.5 mU/L). All data were retrieved from medical files, and questionnaires on QoL were self-administered.Results: The CHT and PHT groups were comparable regarding age and BMI. There was no significant difference between both groups regarding total daily dose of levothyroxine (100 (93.75-125.00) vs 107.14 (75.00-133.93) mu g in CHT and PHT, respectively; P = 0.87) or daily dose of levothyroxine per kg body weight (1.34 (1.16-1.55) vs 1.55 (1.16-1.82) mu g/kg, respectively; P = 0.13). Serum levels of fT4 (P = 0.20) and fT3 (P = 0.10) also did not differ between the two groups and both were in the normal (mid)range for the two groups. Regarding QoL, patients with CHT scored worse in terms of depressive and emotional symptoms, impaired daily and social life.Conclusion: We could demonstrate a difference in QoL between patients with CHT and PHT. Although patients with CHT had a somewhat lower levothyroxine substitution dose than patients with PHT, this difference was also not significant and probably does not explain the difference in QoL.".
• 01GT97GR4TB273DWFYTTA9RDD4 abstract "The use of Clostridium butyricum in crustacean aquaculture for anti-abiotic stress is yet unknown. Feeds were formulated containing 0, 125, 250, 500, and 1000 mg/kg Clostridium butyricum (2 x 107 CFU/g), respectively. The giant freshwater prawns (Macrobrachium rosenbergii) were fed for 8 weeks in triplicate. The results showed that C. butyricum-supplemented groups improved growth performance significantly with the optimum level at 610 mg/kg. Ammonia stress reduced hemolymph glucose, total protein, total cholesterol, and triglyceride con-centrations while dietary C. butyricum significantly increased hemolymph glucose and total protein levels after the ammonia challenge. Ammonia stress increased inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and nitric oxide (NO) levels, and the treatments supplemented with C. butyricum had considerably enhanced levels of iNOS and NO after stress. Treatment with C. butyricum increased the level of superoxide dismutase (SOD), and decreased the level of malondialdehyde (MDA) and superoxide anion, with the 125 mg/kg treated groups having the extreme value. Furthermore, C. butyricum-treated groups reduced the expression of HSPs after ammonia stress while the ammonia stress induced the expression of HSP60, HSP70, and HSP90. Dietary C. butyricum elevated the expression of peroxiredoxin-5 and toll in response to ammonia stress. The results indicate that dietary supple-mentation with 125-500 mg/kg of C. butyricum (2 x 107 CFU/g) improved biochemical and antioxidant features as well as intestinal immunity of M. rosenbergii under ammonia challenge by activating the toll signal pathway.".
• 01GT97GR4ZPSGG5KRSC895Z5RF abstract "Microplastic pollution is a widespread environmental concern. Like other anthro-pogenic pollutants, microplastics can reach aquatic ecosystems through rivers and interact with the aquatic biota. For instance, Lake Titicaca (between Bolivia and Peru), one of the great ancient lakes in South America (3,809 m a.s.l.), shows a pollution problem, particularly in the southern shallow basin (Lago Menor) in Bolivia. Nevertheless, our knowledge of the presence of microplastics and their interaction with the biota of Lake Titicaca is limited. Therefore, this study evaluated the presence of microplastics in the stomach content of the four fish species targeted by local fisheries in Lago Menor of Lake Titicaca (Orestias luteus, Orestias agassizii, Trichomycterus dispar, and Odonthestes bonariensis; N = 1,283), and looked for relationships with trophic guilds or fishing areas. Additionally, surface water was analyzed to evaluate the presence of microplastics in the water. The evaluation of microplastics was carried out by visual observations. We observed that the frequency of microplastic ingestion was low in all species (<5%). Conversely, microplastic was present in the water, with the highest quantity at the southern part of Lago Menor (103 +/- 20 particles per L), without differences in the microplastic number between sites. Most microplastics counted in stomach contents were fibers, whereas water samples mainly contained fragments. Our results point to microplastic pollution in Lago Menor of Lake Titicaca. However, we could not determine the pollution rate due to considerable methodological limitations. Further research will be needed to robustly detect microplastics in Lake Titicaca and their impact on the fish species in the lake.".
• 01GT97GR53JQM5Q7JM5E67B4SD abstract "Simple Summary Pangolins are one of the world's most trafficked mammals. Their numbers have decreased sharply due to their economic and assumed medicinal value in some parts of the world. Effective ex situ conservation requires appropriate nutrition to maintain a healthy population. However, due to the special feeding traits of pangolins and their high dependence on a natural ecosystem, many technical obstacles still limit the success of captive pangolin breeding. Therefore, based on the existing literature and practical experience, this review aims to compare the natural diet and successful diet of pangolins under human care, to outline the key factors of successful ex situ maintenance, and the strategies to improve their conservation success in animal care centers and in the wild. Pangolins are one of the world's most trafficked mammals. Since pangolins are highly adapted to ants and termites, they are important for controlling forest termite infestations. In addition to their ecological value, pangolins have economic and medicinal value. Currently, poaching and habitat destruction have radically reduced the number of pangolins, and Manis pentadactyla, Manis javanica, and Manis culionensis are now considered the most threatened pangolin species. In addition to the control of hunting and illegal trade, ex situ breeding is also a useful conservation method. However, many technical obstacles still limit the success of ex situ pangolin breeding. The special feeding traits of pangolins require a diet that meets nutritional and ethological needs. Based on the existing literature and practical experience, this review aims to compare the natural diet and successful diet in the human care of pangolins, to outline the key factors of successful ex situ maintenance from a dietary perspective, and the strategies to improve their conservation success in animal care centers and in the wild. The type of food used in successful pangolin protection agencies is quite variable in nutritional composition. In the diet of pangolins in the wild, the nutrient profile of different species of termites and ants and even the same species of termites and ants but different types (queens, soldiers, etc.) also displays differences. The crude protein content of some ants is higher than that of other foods, such as eggs, milk, and common cat food. The mineral and vitamin concentrations of ants also exceed many common food items, such as oil, meat, and eggs. However, not much is known about the bioavailability of minerals from ants and termites. Based on comparisons between foods, it is clear that the main difference between diets in the wild and in human care of pangolins is that the latter contains fewer insects and vitamins, such as vitamin E, vitamin A, and vitamin B2, and more carbohydrates and non-protein substances than the former. Although many successful dietary formulae have been developed, the pangolin's nutritional needs are still less well studied. A diet with the nutrient concentrations observed in the wild may add to successful ex situ conservation.".
• 01GT97GR576NYHJB1TYQKEG8X6 abstract "Litter is the main source of ammonia (NH3) in broiler houses. The quality thereof affects the amount of NH3 volatilized and emitted from the broiler house as well as the welfare of the birds. A trial was conducted to determine how the addition of water to broiler litter (by spraying the surface) and raking of the litter or leaving the litter undisturbed will influence NH3 concentrations at litter level, litter composition, bird welfare, and performance under experimental conditions. A total of 2160 Ross 308 male broilers were divided into the following 6 treatments, each with 6 replicates of 60 animals: NR(0) = no raking of the litter, no water added; R (0) = raking of the litter, no water added; NR(1.5) = no raking of the litter, 1.5 L of water added; R(1.5) = raking of the litter, 1.5 L of water added; NR(3.0) = no raking of the litter, 3.0 L of water added; R(3.0) = raking of the litter, 3.0 L of water added. The addition of water and raking of the litter was introduced at 10 d of age, with a frequency of 2 to 3 times per week. At 38 d of age, NH3 concentrations were higher for the raked litter treatments than the treatments which were not raked (P < 0.001). The higher NH3 concentrations of the raked litter treatments coincided with a higher litter pH (P < 0.001) and temperature (P R x W < 0.001) as well as a lower uric acid and total nitrogen (N) concentration in the litter at 37 d of age. The addition of water to the litter resulted in lower litter quality scores at 29 and 37 d of age (P < 0.001) and a higher incidence of foot lesions at 29 (P W = 0.006) and 37 (P R x W = 0.025). Regardless of raking or not raking the litter, addition of moisture to the litter lead to litter of lower quality and subsequent higher incidence of foot lesions in broilers. This study demonstrates that the development of a crust on top of the litter layer reduces the formation and concentration of NH3 volatilized from the litter. Compacted litter resulted in lower NH3 concentrations while friable litter led to more NH3 being volatilized from the litter.".
• 01GT97GR5A117JMR7GC4KGXZ0M abstract "We compared a 3-and 5-phase feeding program in terms of ammonia concentrations measured at litter level, litter composition and quality, nitrogen (N) utilization, performance, welfare, and meat deposition in broilers. A total of 744 Ross 308 male broilers was divided into 2 treatments, each with 6 replicates. The 3-phase diets were formulated to CP and digestible lysine contents of 205 and 11.5 g/kg (0 to 9 d), 195 and 10.8 g/kg (9 to 24 d), and 183.3 and 10.15 g/kg (24 to 39 d), respectively. The 5-phase diets had additional phases from 17 to 24 d and 32 to 39 d with CP and digestible lysine contents of 188 and 10.4 g/ kg and 177 and 9.8 g/kg, respectively. Feeding 5 phases reduced the NH3 concentrations at litter level by 37.95% and 20.81% at 23 (P < 0.05) and 37 d of age (P < 0.05), respectively. There was a tendency for a lower litter total ammoniacal nitrogen concentration for the 5-phase treatment than the 3-phase treatment at 24 and 39 d of age (P < 0.1 for both). Total N concentration of the litter also tended to be lower for the 5-phase treatment at 39 d of age (P < 0.1). The lower NH3 coincided with a lower average litter pH at 24 and 32 d of age (P < 0.05 for both). Birds fed the 5-phase treatments had a lower incidence of foot lesions at 24 d of age (P < 0.001). Performance as well as carcass yield could be maintained, except for FCR, which was higher for the 5-phase treatment between 17 and 24 d of age and the overall period (P < 0.05 and < 0.001, respectively). The impact of the 5-phase treatment regarding the utilization of N (digestibility, excretion, and retention) was less clear, however the NH3 volatilized from the litter was significantly reduced. Feeding 5 phases may therefore potentially reduce the NH3 emitted from broiler houses which has several environmental and health benefits. Although the 5-phase treatment resulted in a significant decrease in feed efficiency, growth performance and meat deposition were maintained.(c) 2022 The Authors. Publishing services by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of KeAi Communications Co. Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).".
• 01GT97GR5EG24FC6RAW5KR4THZ abstract "It is known that high doses of various tannins could impair broiler growth, and this seems to be linked to a lowered protein availability. However, effects on protein digestion under the influence of hydrolysable tannins were minimal in previous research and literature. Other possible proposed reasons to explain reduced growth are scarce. In this experiment we studied the effect of hydrolysable tannins on body allometry by using different feeding schemes throughout the rearing period. In total 112 individually reared mate Ross 308 broilers received a 3-phase basal diet with chestnut wood extract (+: 2,000 mg/kg) or not (-: 0 mg/kg) (Tanno-SAN (R), Sanluc International NV, Belgium). This resulted in 2 groups during the starter period (S+, S-), 4 groups in the grower period (G++, G+-, G-+, G-) and 8 groups in the finisher period (F+ + +, F+ + -, F+ - +, F+ - -, F- + +, F- + -, F- - +, F- -). Similar to previous studies, growth reduction was also observed in this study. Effects were the largest in broilers that were given the tannins during the grower phase. At the end of each phase 8 broilers per group were euthanized and sampled. Liver, pancreas, pectoralis muscle, intestinal weights and intestinal length were recorded. The Largest effects were seen on the intestine. Broilers that received tannins during the grower phase, had longer intestines at the end of the finisher period. Furthermore, histological differences between treatment groups were observed at the end of the grower period. Addition of tannins in the grower phase (G-+, G++) resulted in longer villi, whereas addition of tannins in the starter (G+-, G++) caused deeper crypts at the end of the grower phase, with the group (G-+) having the highest villi-to-crypt ratio. These results tentatively prove that tannins influence intestinal growth, both macroscopically as well as histologically. We hypothesize that the observed growth reduction with tannins could be the result of a changed energy and nutrient partitioning, i.e., more nutrients are directed to intestinal growth than for muscle growth.".
• 01GT97GR5J5QN8D08J316HHMXM abstract "The present study evaluated the metabolic and functional effects of adding garra meal to a broiler chicken diet. Three hundred twenty Sasso-breed day-old chicks were randomly assigned to four dietary treatments with either 0, 10, 20 or 30% garra meal added on top of formulated starter and grower basal diets. The experiment lasted for 42 days. Feed intake and body weight gain increased at the starter and grower phases of broilers with garra meal addition (P < 0.05). Broiler chickens fed 30% garra meal were more efficient in converting feed to body weight and yielded the highest carcass weight (P < 0.05). Crude protein ileal digestibility coefficient was higher with 20% (76.2%), and crude fat with 20 (92.1) and 30% (92.6%) garra meal receiving groups (P < 0.05). The increase in individual and total esterified carnitine concentrations in dried blood spots demonstrated the elevated metabolic rate with garra meal addition (P < 0.05). A better supply of glucogenic substrate to the citric acid cycle was seen with garra meal addition due to the increase of propionylcarnitine to acetylcarnitine ratio (P < 0.05) without any apparent effect on ketogenesis in terms of serum 3-hydroxybutyrylcarnitine to acetylcarnitine ratio. Yet, it likely showed that part of the amino acids from garra meal were used as glucogenic substrate (P < 0.05). Histomorphometry data showed 20% garra meal addition elevated villus height, crypt depth and their ratio in the proximal parts of the small intestine (duodenum and jejunum) with the opposite results observed in the more distal part (ileum) with the highest for the control group (P < 0.05). It can be concluded that garra meal improved broiler performance when added to a plant-based diet and only few parameters warranted for caution when using more up to 30% garra meal addition. Beyond growth performance, garra meal generated a shift to a more efficient digestion, absorption and nutrient metabolism.".
• 01GT97GR5PM5WWFA8PFN2F3BFY abstract "Evaluation of the diet of the pig (Sus scrofa) in natural settings may provide new views on diet optimization for growth and development of commercially raised piglets under farm conditions. A field study was conducted to gain insight in the diet and stomach characteristics of feral piglets. Forty animals (body weight: 4.6 +/- 1.37 kg) were collected from the Bahia Samborombon (Buenos Aires, Argentina). Stomachs were weighed after storage in formalin and the particle size distribution of their contents was determined by wet sieving. Diet items present in their stomachs were classified and their proportional weight and relative abundance was calculated. Based on their dentition, 5, 16 and 19 piglets were approximately 1, 3-6 and 6-16 weeks of age respectively. Vegetable matter (mainly 'leaves and stems') was predominantly present in 39 animals. It represented on average 83 +/- 36.4% of total stomach contents by weight. The stomachs of 12 piglets contained curd and represented on average 16 +/- 35.1% by weight. Other diet items were less abundant or absent. The proportion of stomach particles retained were 24%, 13%, 22%, 13% and 28% for sieves with mesh sizes of 2000, 1000, 420, 210 and <210 mu m respectively. For comparison, we used data of farmed piglets of similar age and fed a nutrient-dense, finely ground diet. Feral piglets' relative empty stomach weights increased with age (p < 0.050), whereas this was not the case for farmed piglets. Relative stomach contents weight increased significantly with age only for farmed piglets (p < 0.050). We infer from our data that feral suckling piglets consumed a variety of non-milk items, mainly consisting of vegetable material with a coarse particle size from their first week in life onwards. Their diet is associated with an enhanced stomach development compared to those of farmed piglets.".
• 01GT97GR5TJS3V76MAMBDA55XR abstract "Simple Summary Lactation is metabolically very demanding, and sows struggle to eat enough to cover their requirements. Use of lysolecithin can improve energy digestibility and retention and may be able to help sows maintain condition and performance during lactation. In the present study supplementation with lysolecithin reduced backfat loss and increased litter growth. There were also impacts of lysolecithin supplementation on glucose and urea metabolism, indicating improved nutrient digestion and absorption, potentially via leptin-regulated mechanisms. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effects of dietary supplementation of lysolecithin in sows' diets during the last three weeks of the gestation period and throughout the lactation period on performance and metabolic parameters. In total 60 sows were allocated to two treatments: (a) CG (control group): the sows were fed commercially control diets; (b) LLG (lysolecithin group): the sows were fed the control diets supplemented with 750 g/t of feed supplemented with lysolecithin (Lysoforte Booster Dry(TM), Kemin Europa N.V., Herentals, Belgium). Backfat was lower in LLG than CG at end of gestation and at weaning (p = 0.030 and 0.044, respectively), while the CG sows mobilized more backfat between day 14 to weaning (p = 0.006). Litter weight at weaning was higher in the LLG (p = 0.027). Fasted glucose levels at day 14 of lactation tended to be lower in LLG compared to CG (p = 0.074). Urea concentrations were higher in LLG than CG at day 14 (p = 0.002). Lysolecithin supplemented sows compared to the control mobilized less tissue during lactation to support lactation demands. In conclusion, lysolecithin supplementation in sows resulted in improved litter weight at weaning without an excessive catabolism of backfat tissue, most probably due to an efficient nutrient utilization, which warrants further investigation.".
• 01GT97GR6EVFC4RG3TERZNKD88 abstract "Bamboo is an enigmatic forage, representing a niche food for pandas and bamboo lemurs. Bamboo might not represent a suitable forage for herbivores relying on fermentative digestion, potentially due to its low fermentability. To test this hypothesis, guinea pigs (n = 36) were used as model species and fed ad libitum with one of three forages (bamboo, lucerne, or timothy grass) in a fresh or dried state, with six individuals per group, for 3 weeks. The nutrient composition and in vitro fermentation profile of bamboo displayed low fermentation potential, i.e. high lignin and silica levels together with a gas production (Hohenheim gas test) at 12 h of only 36% of that of lucerne and grass. Although silica levels were more abundant in the leftovers of (almost) all groups, guinea pigs did not select against lignin on bamboo. Dry matter (DM) intake was highest and DM digestibility lowest on the bamboo forage. Total short-chain fatty acid levels in caecal content were highest for lucerne and lowest for grass and bamboo. Bamboo-fed guinea pigs had a lower body weight gain than the grass and lucerne group. The forage hydration state did not substantially affect digestion, but dry forage led to a numerically higher total wet gut fill. Although guinea pigs increased DM intake on the bamboo diet, the negative effects on fermentation of lignin and silica in bamboo seemed overriding. For herbivores that did not evolutionary adapt, bamboo as an exclusive food resource can be considered as inadequate.".
• 01GT982Q225Y270N437AW5DW3C abstract "Background Telemonitoring cardiac implanted electronic devices (CIEDs) can improve clinical outcomes and reduce healthcare utilization. As telemonitoring is not reimbursed in Belgium, and there is a general fee-for-service (FFS) financing system, the use of telemonitoring seems to be discouraged by the current financing system. Purpose This research aims to investigate the perspectives of Belgian cardiologists and allied professionals on financing telemonitoring patients with CIEDs. Methods We conducted in-depth, semi-structured interviews with 14 cardiologists and 7 allied professionals. Participants had experience with telemonitoring. The interviews were transcribed and analyzed using NVivo 1.6.1. Results Almost all participants advocated an episodic payment per patient for telemonitoring instead of FFS (89%), even those explicitly favoring FFS as general healthcare financing system. The complexity of defining the telemonitoring service, and potential volume restrictions were identified as disadvantages of FFS. Contrarily, episodic payments could give cardiologists the freedom to perform the (number of) services they deem necessary, independently of the remuneration. However, participants emphasized that episodic payments as such do not incentivize the quality of telemonitoring. Therefore, quality indicators appeared to be pivotal, such as minimum number of data reviews, systematic reporting in medical file, minimum team members (e.g. electrophysiologic team), and minimum number of telemonitored patients. There was no consensus to which extent it is desirable to include in-person consultations in the episodic payment. Out-of-pocket payment for patients was not advocated in the short term, but could be envisaged once the structure and processes of telemonitoring would be better clarified in all hospitals. Conclusion The results indicate a large preference for episodic payments, but remain unclear about the incorporation of in-person consultations in the episodic payment. This is important, as telemonitoring paid via episodic payment would compete with in-person consultations paid via FFS. Appropriate integration of reimbursement for telemonitoring in relation to in-person consultations will be essential for financial sustainability.".
• 01GT9AQ8172VBRGE2P5ZAANP1D abstract "Dit werk schrijft over geavanceerde technieken voor het verbeteren van een magnetische sensoruitlezing. Eén techniek, genaamd in-de-kring bemonstering, zorgt ervoor dat er zo weinig mogelijk nauwkeurigheid wordt verloren wanneer de sensordata wordt overgebracht naar het digitaal domein. Een andere techniek, genaamd gerandomiseerd Hall plaat spinnen, maakt het mogelijk om enige asymmetrie van de sensor te compenseren zonder dat de uitleesdata aangetast wordt. Het resultaat van dit onderzoek is een volledig afgewerkt prototypesysteem met een zogenaamde Hall plaat als magnetische sensor, een geïntegreerd uitleescircuit met een digitale uitgang, en digitale nabewerking van de ontvangen data. Het prototype is heel compact, verbruikt weinig stroom en heeft de laagst gepubliceerde ruis waardoor het een zeer nauwkeurige meting kan afleveren.".
• 01GT9BJZ4S6VYXKSEWV9W2MW7G abstract "Despite the presence of several cross-variety studies on spoken varieties of regional Italian, research on the intonational transition across geographically close varieties is still scarce. This article tackles this issue by providing a first cross-variety comparison of question intonation in three neighboring varieties of Italian spoken in Campania, namely Neapolitan, Salerno and Cilento Italian. The three varieties are chosen based on their position with respect to the isoglosses identifying the Eboli-Lucera line. Such comparison is made possible using the methodological protocol outlined by Gili Fivela et al. (2015) and specifically concerns yes-no, wh- and disjunctive questions. This explorative study aims at identifying intonational features differenced by frequency of occurrence across space, thereby providing a basis for further quantitative studies on spatial distribution. Based on a corpus elicited with a combination of Discourse Completion Task and reading task, we analyze the phonological features of question tunes in Cilento Italian, while also comparing them to their counterparts in Neapolitan and Salerno Italian. Results show that the three varieties present systemic, realizational and phonotactic differences as well as differences in the frequency of occurrence of tonal events. The intraregional variation across Campania Italian varieties hints at an intonational transition featuring a smooth geographic cline.".
• 01GT9EHECE77VYYTRE1P4P4CEM abstract "Antimicrobial stewardship (AMS) is an essential step in limiting the selection of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). A questionnaire was filled-out by 122 last-year students of Veterinary Medicine of Ghent University (UGhent) and Liege University (ULiege) to assess their perception of preparedness, the education quality, and their satisfaction regarding the education of AMS and AMR. UGhent students felt better prepared to clinically use antimicrobial agents (3.23 versus 2.98, p = 0.03). There were no statistically significant differences in the other two fields of perception of preparedness, i. e. pharmacology and AMR knowledge. The overall result of the knowledge score was 4.68 (sd 1.26) out of 8, and there was no statistically significant difference between the results of the two faculties. Less than 50% of the students were satisfied with their education in AMS and AMR. Most participants acknowledged the need for extra education in rational antibiotic use. UGhent students were more familiar with guidelines for antimicrobial use than ULiege students. The results of this study can help improve the quality of veterinary education in AMS and AMR in Belgium.".
• 01GT9F07QV6YDMWEDHDR0602R5 abstract "Water resources are under pressure, which poses serious challenges for our society. Persuading individuals to conserve water is difficult, especially when they have the impression that they already conserve water. This is identified as the cognitive bias of self-assessment, where a lack of information can lead to misperceiving one’s performance. This means that people misperceive their actual performance and have the self-perception of behaving “good enough”, or “better” than others while this is not the case. This paper explores the magnitude of these misperceptions, their impact on water conservation intentions and linkages to personal and situational factors. An online survey (n = 1013) explored whether individuals under-/over-/correctly estimated their own water conservation performance in comparison with others and examines if personality traits (i.e. intentions to conserve water, moral obligation to conserve water, personal values) and situational factors (i.e. social influence, exposure to media content) can explain the tendency of the individuals’ misperceptions of their self-assessment. The results revealed that people do have misperceptions about water conservation (with at least half of the sample misperceiving to perform better or even worse than the norm). Results also demonstrated that a combination of personal and situational factors is related to the incorrect self-assessment of water conservation performance. The work reveals tendencies and potential explanations for misperceptions, but also potential barriers to promote water conservation.".
• 01GT9FJHRREMACHZ0TFKEWH6Y5 abstract "The diagnostics of ruminant parasites remains one of the cornerstones for parasite control best practices. Field veterinarians have several techniques at their disposal (fecal egg count, coproculture, FAMACHA((R)), plasma pepsinogen, ELISA-Ostertagia, ELISA-Fasciola, Baermann and ELISA-Lungworm) for the identification and/or quantification of gastrointestinal nematodes, lungworms and liver fluke infecting small ruminants and cattle. Each of these diagnostic tools has its own strengths and weaknesses and is more appropriate for a specific production operation and/or age of the animal (young and adults). This review focuses on the usability and interpretation of the results of these diagnostic tools. The most advanced technical information on sampling, storage, advantages and limitations of each tool for different types of production operations and animal categories is provided.".
• 01GT9FQK5H4FP4NQEVG331E806 abstract "To mitigate emerging anthelmintic resistance (AR) in cattle, sustainable gastrointestinal nematode control strategies should be adopted. A multi-centre study was set up to understand the factors affecting European dairy cattle farmers' adoption of diagnostics and to gauge for differences between regions. The data were collected through a multi-lingual survey by participating countries of the European Co-operation in Science and Technology (COST) action COMbatting Anthelmintic Resistance in ruminants (COMBAR). Four countries provided sufficient data to be included in the data analysis: Norway, Italy, Germany and Austria. Three models were estimated and validated through structural equation modelling. Norway, along with Germany and Austria (pooled dataset) showed similar trends that align with previous studies. AR risk perception had no influence on the adoption intention of diagnostics, a positive influence was found for attitude towards diagnostics and subjective norms (i.e., perceived opinion of others), and a negative influence of attitudes towards anthelminthics. Additionally, routine (i.e., perception of the current treatment) had an indirect effect on adoption intention through attitudes. Italy's data deviated from these findings, presenting a positive effect of the perceived severity of AR, and perceived behavioural control (i.e., perceived ability to perform a specific behaviour) on adoption intention of diagnostics. Finally, Norway's data set allowed for inclusion of a measurement of current behaviour in the model, identifying a direct positive effect of the perceived actual behaviour of other farmers on their own behaviour.".
• 01GT9H06W2GVWRCBY7ZGM40790 abstract "Helminth infections of cattle place significant burdens on livestock production and farm economic efficiency. Heavy infections are relatively easy to detect and treat with anthelmintics. However, subclinical infections have major but often hidden impacts on animals, necessitating more refined diagnostics to detect them and ideally inform farmers about the likely impact of anthelmintic treatment on animal and herd performance. Here, we review recent advances in diagnosing three major cattle helminth infections - gastrointestinal nematodes (GINs), liver flukes, and lungworms - and the search for subclinical infection thresholds to guide treatment decisions. Combining refined diagnostic thresholds with farm-specific information on grazing systems and animal history enables farmers to tailor helminth treatments to specific epidemiological circumstances, thereby limiting anthelmintic resistance (AR) and boosting agricultural efficiency and food security.".
• 01GT9HFF8C7K1JTBJ4RVGY54NA abstract "Background: Large-scale deworming programs have been successful in reducing the burden of disease due to soil-transmitted helminth (STH; Ascaris lumbricloides, Trichuris trichiura and hookworm) infections, but re-infection in absence of other measures is unavoidable. We assessed the role of nail contamination as a source of infection with the goal to evaluate the potential of nail clipping as a simple measure to further reduce STH-attributable morbidity. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in Jimma Town (Ethiopia). Both stool samples and clipped nails were collected from 600 schoolchildren and microscopically screened for the presence of STHs. We also interviewed the children to gain insights into their hygiene practices. Subsequently, we explored any associations between infection, nail contamination and personal hygiene. Results: Any STH infections were observed in 24.3% of the children (A. lumbricoides: 18.5%; T. trichiura: 9.8%; hookworm: 0.5%). The intensity of the infections was mainly low, only in a few cases a moderate-to-heavy intensity infection was observed (A. lumbricoides: 4.3%; T. trichiura: 0.2%). Other helminth species observed were Schistosoma mansoni (5.0%), Hymenolepis nana (2.7%), Taenia spp. and Enterobius vermicularis (<1.0%). The analysis of the nail material revealed the presence of A. lumbricoides (1.7%), Taenia spp. (1.0%), T. trichiura (0.5%), E. vermicularis (0.5%) and H. nana (0.2%). The odds of infection with any STH increased as the frequency of trimming decreased. The odds of nail contamination with any STH and A. lumbricoides were higher for younger children. Conclusions: The presence of helminth eggs under the nails of children highlights a poor personal hygiene. The association between any STH infection and frequency of nail trimming needs to be explored in an intervention study. The recent prevalence of any STH infections indicated that scaling down of the frequency of deworming is justified but that STH is still a public health problem.".

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