Data Portal @ linkeddatafragments.org

Matches in Ghent University Academic Bibliography for { ?s <http://schema.org/abstract> ?o. }

• 01GTEQ2828QX98W6T29HVXZ08Z abstract "Many ideas about a better post-corona city crystallize around the notion of the 15-minute city. But does this principle not assume the housing and working conditions of the Western urban middle class as norm? In this contribution, we argue that the 15-minute city suffers from 'social myopia' and does not pay sufficient attention to the specific needs of low-income groups in the city. We observe that the attention of the 15-minute city for the residential environment tends to obscure the importance of access to affordable and qualitative housing. Moreover, the focus on telework ignores the labour of low-income groups, which often supports the very possibility of the 15-minute city. We conclude that a 'just' vision on the 15-minute city needs to put housing and income policy more central and pay more attention to forms of labour that cannot be executed through telework.".
• 01GTEQCW3CWBC39RKVSTEP06D2 abstract "This is the sixth annual summary of the International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation International Consensus on Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation and Emergency Cardiovascular Care Science With Treatment Recommendations. This summary addresses the most recently published resuscitation evidence reviewed by International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation Task Force science experts. Topics covered by systematic reviews include cardiopulmonary resuscitation during transport; approach to resuscitation after drowning; passive ventilation; minimizing pauses during cardiopulmonary resuscitation; temperature management after cardiac arrest; use of diagnostic point-of-care ultrasound during cardiac arrest; use of vasopressin and corticosteroids during cardiac arrest; coronary angiography after cardiac arrest; public-access defibrillation devices for children; pediatric early warning systems; maintaining normal temperature immediately after birth; suctioning of amniotic fluid at birth; tactile stimulation for resuscitation immediately after birth; use of continuous positive airway pressure for respiratory distress at term birth; respiratory and heart rate monitoring in the delivery room; supraglottic airway use in neonates; prearrest prediction of in-hospital cardiac arrest mortality; basic life support training for likely rescuers of high-risk populations; effect of resuscitation team training; blended learning for life support training; training and recertification for resuscitation instructors; and recovery position for maintenance of breathing and prevention of cardiac arrest. Members from 6 task forces have assessed, discussed, and debated the quality of the evidence using Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation criteria and generated consensus treatment recommendations. Insights into the deliberations of the task forces are provided in the Justification and Evidence-to-Decision Framework Highlights sections, and priority knowledge gaps for future research are listed.".
• 01GTEQFZVDBG90DV3P6SVJBY02 abstract "Military academies request initiatives for better pedagogy to keep their cadets motivated and successful. Following the self-determination theory, one could promote autonomous motivation by fulfilling the three basic psychological needs of students: the need for autonomy, relatedness and competence. In this qualitative research, we investigated which motivational critical events go together with a perception of high or low autonomy, relatedness and competence. To this end, we organized four focus groups with participants from the two faculties of the Royal Military Academy of Belgium (RMA): Social and Military Sciences (SMS) and Engineering (ENG). Using the critical incident method, we searched for the facilitating and inhibiting events with regard to motivation within the learning environment. Thereafter, we used the constant comparison method as an analysis technique to link the critical events to one of the three basic needs. We found that a perception of high relatedness was the most effective in motivating SMS cadets, while the perception of high competence was the most effective in motivating ENG cadets. For both the SMS and ENG cadets, a lack of autonomy was demotivating. This study provides a model that suggests in which way context characteristics within a (military) learning environment meets students' basic psychological needs and how it is facilitating or inhibiting motivation in turn.".
• 01GTER1D8X235WXGTFMMQTCMKR abstract "A finite generalized 2d-gon of order (s, t) with d ??? {2, 3, 4} and s =??? 1 is called extremal if t attains its maximal possible value sed, where e2 = e4 = 2 and e3 = 3. The problem of finding combinatorial conditions that are both necessary and sufficient for a finite generalized 2d-gon of order (s, t) to be extremal has so far only been solved for the generalized quadrangles. In this paper, we obtain a solution for the generalized hexagons. We also obtain a related combinatorial characterization for extremal regular near hexagons.".
• 01GTER7CSYEDW82C3Q61X24MR4 abstract "The present case report describes the management of two alpacas undergoing repair of a metatarsal and a distal tibial fracture, respectively. Both animals received ketamine and medetomidine intramuscularly, resulting in deep sedation. Endotracheal intubation was performed, and general anaesthesia was maintained with sevoflurane. An in-plane ultrasound-guided sciatic nerve block was performed at the level of the mid-thigh with bupivacaine 0.5% before surgery as part of the analgesic treatment. Meloxicam was administered. Heart rate, arterial blood pressure and respiratory rate were stable during the surgery, despite the use of a low end-tidal sevoflurane concentration. No opioids were required intraoperatively. Duration of the anaesthesia was 205 and 255 minutes, respectively. Extubation was performed 12 and 6 minutes after discontinuing sevoflurane administration, respectively. In both cases, regional anaesthesia of the sciatic nerve improved the intraoperative management of alpacas that required surgical treatment for fractures.".
• 01GTERGBGP88N410E5NCXHMEFR abstract "Importance: Automated external defibrillator (AED) use is increasing, but use in children is uncommon. A growing literature of use in children by lay rescuers warrants review. Objective: A systematic review of AED effectiveness in children experiencing out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA). Data Sources: PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Register of Controlled Trials. Study Selection: Children, ages 0-18, experiencing OHCA with an AED applied by a lay rescuer. Control population: children with no AED application. Data Extraction and Synthesis: Results are reported according to PRISMA guidelines. Two authors independently reviewed all titles and abstracts of references identified by the search strategy, then generated a subset which all authors reviewed. Main Outcomes and Measures: Critical outcomes were survival with Cerebral Performance Category (CPC) 1-2 at hospital discharge or 30 days and survival to hospital discharge. Results: Population: age categories: <1 year, 1-12 years, 13-18 years. Lay rescuer AED application resulted in improved survival with CPC 1-2 at hospital discharge or 30 days to hospital discharge in age groups 1-12 and 13-18 years (RR 3.84 [95 % CI 2.69-5.5], RR 3.75 [95 %CI 2.97-4.72]), respectively and hospital discharge in both groups(RR 3.04 [95 % CI 2.18-4.25], RR 3.38 [95 % CI 2.17-4.16]), respectively. AED use with CPR improved CPC 1-2 at hospital discharge and hospital discharge (RR 1.49 [95 % CI 1.11-1.97], RR 1.55[1.12-2.12]). Conclusions: AED application by lay rescuers is associated with improved survival with a CPC of 1-2 at 30 days, and improved survival to hospital discharge for children 1-18 years. There are limited data for children < 1 year.".
• 01GTERV6F5HNED6TZRDBK03E1V abstract "Aim: We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to answer the question: Does the implementation of Paediatric Early Warning Systems (PEWS) in the hospital setting reduce mortality, cardiopulmonary arrests, unplanned codes and critical deterioration events among children, as compared to usual care without PEWS? Methods: We conducted a comprehensive search using Medline, EMBASE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature and Web of Science. We included studies published between January 2006 and April 2022 on children <18 years old performed in inpatient units and emergency departments, and compared patient populations with PEWS to those without PEWS. We excluded studies without a comparator, case control studies, systematic reviews, and studies published in non-English languages. We employed a random effects meta-analysis and synthesised the risk and rate ratios from individual studies. We used the Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network (SIGN) to appraise the risk of bias. Results: Among 911 articles screened, 15 were included for descriptive analysis. Fourteen of the 15 studies were pre-versus post-implementation studies and one was a multi-centre cluster randomised controlled trial (RCT). Among 10 studies (580,604 hospital admissions) analysed for mortality, we found an increased risk (pooled RR 1.18, 95% CI 1.01-1.38, p = 0.036) in the group without PEWS compared to the group with PEWS. The sensitivity analysis performed without the RCT (436,065 hospital admissions) showed a non-significant relationship (pooled RR 1.17, 95% CI 0.98-1.40, p = 0.087). Among four studies (168,544 hospital admissions) analysed for unplanned code events, there was an increased risk in the group without PEWS (pooled RR 1.73, 95%CI 1.01-2.96, p = 0.046) There were no differences in the rate of cardiopulmonary arrests or critical deterioration events between groups. Our findings were limited by potential confounders and imprecision among included studies. Conclusions: Healthcare systems that implemented PEWS were associated with reduced mortality and code rates. We recognise that these gains vary depending on resource availability and efferent response systems. PROSPERO registration: CRD42021269579.".
• 01GTES91H69PMPTV4ZV6J1PMPB abstract "Objective: Breast cancer is the most lethal malignancy for women worldwide. Developed countries, such as Portugal, Spain, and the United States, have declining mortality rates due to breast cancer; however, in developing countries, the epidemiological reports are scarce. In this context, the aims of this study are to describe and discuss the female breast cancer profile of hospitalization and mortality according to age and geographic region in Brazil from 2008 to 2019.Methods: Data were obtained from the National Health System Department of Informatics (DATASUS), maintained by the Brazilian Ministry of Health, which includes the registers of hospitalization and mortality by malignant neoplasm of breast (code C50, ICD-10). Proportional rates of hospitalization and deaths were estimated per 100,000 inhabitants according to respective subjects' age, region, and year of the occurrence.Results: From 2008 to 2019, 643,822 hospital admissions due to malignant neoplasm of breast were reported in Brazil, of which the South and Southeast regions were the most prevalent. Higher hospitalization rates were seen in subjects aged 50-79-years-old. Regarding mortality, 53,480 deaths by breast cancer were reported; similarly to hospitalization, the Southeast and South were the most affected regions. Mortality rates have increased over time in different magnitudes depending on subjects' age.Conclusion: We have shown an increase in morbidity and mortality over time, which is dependent on patients' age and region. The results presented here may contribute to the ongoing discussion about the role and future perspectives of the Brazilian health care system, especially regarding to the strategies for the prevention, control, and treatment of breast cancer.".
• 01GTETAD841C4EJDARZFCTQJG4 abstract "PurposeThe purpose of this paper was first to gain an in-depth understanding of the barriers and facilitators to implementing the BPS model and pain neuroscience education in the current Lebanese physical therapy health care approach and explore its acceptability.MethodA qualitative semi-structured interview using purposive sampling was conducted with eight Lebanese physical therapists practising in different governorates. The transcribed text from the interviews was analyzed using inductive thematic analysis.ResultsTwo topics were generated and constructed by the researchers: (1) "barriers to the implementation of pain neuroscience education, with subthemes including (a) "current health care approach," (b) "basic curriculum and continuing education," (c) "patients' barriers"; (2) "facilitators to the implementation of pain neuroscience education," with subthemes containing (a) "interest in the BPS model, (b) "therapeutic alliance," and (c) "motivation for future training on BPS approach."ConclusionThe analysis of the results showed that Lebanese physical therapists currently hold a strong biomedical view of chronic pain, assessment, and treatment. However, despite the presence of barriers and challenges, they are aware and open to consider the implementation and future training about the BPS model and pain neuroscience education in their approach.".
• 01GTETAD8BXMTZXJ498HTJSGGM abstract "Prayer is considered to be the most common therapy used in alternative medicine. This study aimed to explore the effect of prayers on endogenous pain modulation, pain intensity, and sensitivity in healthy religious participants. A total of 208 healthy religious participants were enrolled in this study and randomly distributed into two groups, a prayer group (n = 156) and a poem reading or control group (n = 52). Participants from the prayer group were then selectively allocated using the prayer function scale to either an active prayer group (n = 94) receiving an active type of praying or to a passive prayer group (n = 62) receiving a passive type of praying. Pain assessments were performed before and following the interventions and included pressure pain threshold assessment (PPT), conditioned pain modulation (CPM), and a numerical pain rating scale. A significant group-by-time interaction for PPT (p = 0.014) indicated post-intervention increases in PPT in the prayer group but not in the poem reading control group. Participants experienced a decrease in CPM efficacy (p = 0.030) and a reduction in their NPRS (p < 0.001) following the interventions, independent of their group allocation. The results showed that prayer, irrespective of the type, can positively affect pain sensitivity and intensity, but does not influence endogenous pain inhibition during hot water immersion. Future research should focus on understanding the mechanism behind "prayer-induced analgesia. "".
• 01GTETAD8E7MY92NVY3CK0TY9D abstract "Background: Whiplash injuries typically occur from a motor vehicle collision and lead to chronic whiplash-associated disorders (CWAD) in 20% to 50% of cases. Changes in neurotransmission, metabolism, and networks seem to play a role in the pathogenic mechanism of CWAD. Objectives: To further elucidate the functional brain alterations, a neurophysiological study was performed to investigate the somatosensory processing of CWAD patients by comparing the event-related potentials (ERPs) resulting from electrical nociceptive stimulation between patients suffering from CWAD and healthy controls (HC). Study Design: Case-control study. Setting: University Hospital in Ghent. Methods: In this case-control study (CWAD patients/HC: 50/50), ankle and wrist electrical pain thresholds (EPT), and amplitude and latency of the event-related potentials (ERPs) resulting from 20 electrical stimuli were investigated. Correlations between the ERP characteristics, EPT, self-reported pain, disability, pain catastrophizing, and self-reported symptoms of central sensitization were investigated. Results: Only the latency of the P3 component after left wrist stimulation (t = -2.283; P = 0.023) differed between both groups. In CWAD patients, the ankle EPT correlated with the amplitude of the corresponding P1 (rho s = 0.293; P = 0.044) and P3 (rho s = 0.306; P = 0.033), as well as with the amplitude of the P3 to left wrist stimulation (rho s = 0.343; P = 0.017). Self-reported symptoms of CS correlated with right wrist P3 amplitude (rho s = 0.308; P = 0.030) and latency (rho s = -0.341; P = 0.015), and the worst pain reported during the past week was correlated with left wrist P1 latency (rho s = 0.319; P = 0.029). Limitations: Although the inclusion criteria stated that CWAD patients had to report a moderate-to-severe pain-related disability, 8 of the included CWAD patients (that scored above this threshold in the inclusion questionnaire), scored below the required cutoff at baseline. Conclusions: The CWAD patients did not show signs of hypersensitivity, but their ERP characteristics were related to the intensity of the applied stimulus, self-reported symptoms of CS, and the worst pain reported during the past week.".
• 01GTETAD8J73YP4AYQPQ2PFW5Q abstract "Background: Chronic whiplash associated disorders (CWAD) are characterized by long-lasting symptoms of neck pain occurring after an acceleration-deceleration injury. Central sensitization (CS) has been suggested as the possible underlying mechanism for these symptoms, and is characterized by changes in the central nervous system. Besides CS, psychological factors are believed to play an important role in the experience of (chronic) pain. Objective: Investigating the relationships between self-reported pain, disability, quality of life, psychological factors, and symptoms of CS; and electrical-based quantitative sensory testing (QST) outcomes in CWAD patients. Secondly, to investigate the differences in QST between CWAD patients and pain-free controls. Methods: Seventy-two individuals with CWAD and 55 pain-free controls underwent electrical stimuli-based QST. Detection and pain thresholds (EPT), temporal summation (TS), and conditioned pain modulation were examined. Spearman correlation and linear mixed models analyses were performed to assess, respectively, the hypothesized associations and group differences in QST. Results: The Pain Catastrophizing magnification subscale correlated with the left wrist EPT (r=−0.332; P=0.004), and the Pain Anxiety Symptom Scale-20 with the left wrist (r=−0.325; P=0.005) and ankle (r=−0.330; P=0.005) EPT. TS at the ankle correlated with the CS inventory (r=0.303; P=0.010), Short Form 36 pain subscale (r=−0.325; P=0.005), and Illness Perception Questionnaire revised consequences subscale (r=0.325; P=0.005). EPTs left (P=0.011) and right wrist (P=0.023) were lower in the CWAD group, but conditioned pain modulation and TS did not differ between groups. Conclusion: QST outcomes relate to psychological constructs, rather than to self-reported pain intensity and distribution. Local hyperalgesia was found in individuals with CWAD, but no differences in endogenous pain facilitation nor inhibition.".
• 01GTETAD8SW63G1RYK400VDT1V abstract "Objective Clinicians are recommended to use the clinical reasoning framework developed by the International Federation of Orthopaedic Manipulative Physical Therapists (IFOMPT) to provide guidance regarding assessment of the cervical spine and potential for cervical artery dysfunction prior to manual therapy and exercise. However, the interexaminer agreement and reliability of this framework is unknown. This study aimed to estimate the interexaminer agreement and reliability of the IFOMPT framework among physical therapists in primary care. Methods Ninety-six patients who consulted a physical therapist for neck pain or headache were included in the study. Each patient was tested independently by 2 physical therapists, from a group of 17 physical therapists (10 pairs) across The Netherlands. Patients and examiners were blinded to the test results. The overall interexaminer agreement, specific agreement per risk category (high-, intermediate-, and low-risk), and interexaminer reliability (weighted κ) were calculated. Results Overall agreement was 71% (specific agreement in high-risk category = 63%; specific agreement in intermediate-risk category = 38%; specific agreement in low-risk category = 84%). Overall reliability was moderate (weighted κ = 0.39; 95% CI = 0.21–0.57) and varied considerably between pairs of physical therapists (κ = 0.14–1.00). Conclusion The IFOMPT framework showed an insufficient interexaminer agreement and fair interexaminer reliability among physical therapists when screening the increased risks for vascular complications following manual therapy and exercise prior to treatment. Impact The IFOMPT framework contributes to the safety of manual therapy and exercise. It is widely adopted in clinical practice and educational programs, but the measurement properties are unknown. This project describes the agreement and reliability of the IFOMPT framework.".
• 01GTEVZ6PCEQFCD1EWGQS1Q4S3 abstract "Tumors at the level of the penis can cause severe discomfort in the horse but can also metastasize and be lethal. Several types of neoplasia have been documented but squamous cell carcinoma is the most prevalent. As the penis is mostly hidden inside the prepuce, these tumors are often only acknowledged in a more severe stage, which can require a more radical treatment. Beside cryotherapy, chemotherapy and COX-inhibitors as non-surgical treatments, local excision is often performed either as segmental posthectomy, partial phallectomy or en bloc resection of the penis and prepuce. Treatment and prognosis depend on the type, size, location, local invasiveness and presence of tumor metastasis. The aim of this article is to provide a brief overview of the etiology, diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of penile neoplasia in the horse.".
• 01GTEX2PGHYABEDHK552THKXXS abstract "Glucocorticoids are effective immunomodulatory drugs used for many inflammatory disorders as well as in transplant recipients. However, both iatrogenic and endogenous glucocorticoid excess are also associated with several side effects including an increased risk of osteoporosis and fractures. Glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis (GIOP) is a common secondary cause of osteoporosis in adults. Despite availability of clear evidence and international guidelines for the prevention of GIOP, a large treatment gap remains. In this narrative review, the Belgian Bone Club (BBC) updates its 2006 consensus recommendations for the prevention and treatment of GIOP in adults. The pathophysiology of GIOP is multifactorial. The BBC strongly advises non-pharmacological measures including physical exercise, smoking cessation and avoidance of alcohol abuse in all adults at risk for osteoporosis. Glucocorticoids are associated with impaired intestinal calcium absorption; the BBC therefore strongly recommend sufficient calcium intake and avoidance of vitamin D deficiency. We recommend assessment of fracture risk, taking age, sex, menopausal status, prior fractures, glucocorticoid dose, other clinical risk factors and bone mineral density into account. Placebo-controlled randomized controlled trials have demonstrated the efficacy of alendronate, risedronate, zoledronate, denosumab and teriparatide in GIOP. We suggest monitoring by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and vertebral fracture identification one year after glucocorticoid initiation. The trabecular bone score might be considered during DXA monitoring. Extended femur scans might be considered at the time of DXA imaging in glucocorticoid users on long-term (>= 3 years) antiresorptive therapy. Bone turnover markers may be considered for monitoring treatment with anti-resorptive or osteoanabolic drugs in GIOP. Although the pathophysiology of solid organ and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation-induced osteoporosis extends beyond GIOP alone, the BBC recommends similar evaluation, prevention, treatment and follow-up principles in these patients. Efforts to close the treatment gap in GIOP and implement available effective fracture prevention strategies into clinical practice in primary, secondary and tertiary care are urgently needed.".
• 01GTEXTHFY0XJE3VCCYRCQSKCM abstract "The number of systematic reviews (SR) summarizing the literature regarding the clinical effects of Dry Needling (DN) has increased rapidly. Yet, rigorous evidence about the clinical effectiveness of this technique is still lacking. The aim of this umbrella review is to summarize the evidence about the clinical effects of trigger point DN on musculoskeletal disorders across all body regions. PubMed, Web of Science and Embase were searched to identify SRs examining the effect of DN (as a stand-alone intervention or combined with another treatment modality) compared to sham/no intervention or a physical therapy (PT) intervention with at least one clinical outcome in the domain of pain or physical functioning. Risk of bias (RoB) was assessed with the AMSTAR-2 tool. Quantification of the overlap in primary studies was calculated using the corrected covered area (CCA). The electronic search yielded 2286 results, of which 36 SRs were included in this review. Overall, DN is superior to sham/no intervention and equally effective to other interventions for pain reduction at short-term regardless of the body region. Some SRs favored wet needling (WN) over DN for short-term pain reductions. Results on physical functioning outcomes were contradictory across body regions. Limited data is available for mid- and long-term effects. DN has a short-term analgesic effect in all body regions and may be of additional value to the interventions that are used to date in clinical practice. Several studies have shown an additional treatment effect when combining DN to physiotherapeutic interventions compared to these interventions in isolation. There is a substantial need for the standardization of DN protocols to address the problem of heterogeneity and to strengthen the current evidence.".
• 01GTEY3F7AVNGN2TMWX2H2Y3J2 abstract "BACKGROUND: In 2020, a revised version of the International IFOMPT Cervical Framework was published. This framework provides both physical therapists and educators the necessary information to guide the assessment of the cervical spine region for potential vascular pathologies of the neck in advance of planned Orthopaedic Manual Therapy (OMT) interventions. OBJECTIVE: The objective was to develop a framework flowchart which is useful in clinical practice and education to assist physical therapists to improve the safety of OMT, and apply this in a case report. METHODS: The framework was developed in co-creation with manual therapy experts, researchers, educators in manual therapy, patients, medical specialists and the Manual Therapy Association in The Netherlands and Belgium. Manual therapists and patients tested the framework for intelligibility and usefulness. RESULTS: A framework flowchart is developed and presented, that is easy to use in both clinical practice and education. It is a visual representation of the sequence of steps and decisions needed during the process. A case description of a patient with neck pain and headache is added to illustrate the clinical usefulness of the framework flowchart. CONCLUSION: The framework flowchart helps physical therapists in their clinical reasoning to provide safe OMT interventions.".
• 01GTEYQ77Z536SQG00EBVT0DWC abstract "Advances in treatment, common cardiovascular (CV) risk factors and the ageing of the population have led to an increasing number of cancer patients presenting with acute CV diseases. These events may be related to cancer itself or cancer treatment. Acute cardiac care specialists must be aware of these acute CV complications and be able to manage them. This may require an individualized and multidisciplinary approach. The management of acute coronary syndromes and acute pericardial diseases in cancer patients was covered in part 1 of a clinical consensus document. This second part focusses on acute heart failure, acute myocardial diseases, venous thromboembolic diseases and acute arrhythmias.".
• 01GTEZ21DV9S1M041968PJSE0V abstract "In this Introduction we lay out the context of a ‘Continental philosophy of biology’ and suggest why Georges Canguilhem’s place in such a philosophy is important. There is not one single program for Continental philosophy of biology, but Canguilhem’s vision, which he referred to at one stage as ‘biological philosophy’, is a significant one, located in between the classic holism-reductionism tensions, significantly overlapping with philosophy of medicine, philosophy of technology and other themes moving away from the more common existential and phenomenological motifs of post-war European thought. Chapters examine (among other themes) his relation to Lebensphilosophie, to authors such as Kant, Nietzsche and Marjorie Grene, and to current theoretical biology".
• 01GTEZC7ZJS4VKPQ90FFRBH4DP abstract "This edited volume presents papers on this alternative philosophy of biology that could be called “continental philosophy of biology,” and the variety of positions and solutions that it has spawned. In doing so, it contributes to debates in the history and philosophy of science and the history of philosophy of science, as well as to the craving for ‘history’ and/or ‘theory’ in the theoretical biological disciplines. In addition, however, it also provides inspiration for a broader image of philosophy of biology, in which these traditional issues may have a place. The volume devotes specific attention to the work of Georges Canguilhem, which is central to this alternative tradition of “continental philosophy of biology”. This is the first collection on Georges Canguilhem and the Continental tradition in philosophy of biology. The book should be of interest to philosophers of biology, continental philosophers, historians of biology and those interested in broader traditions in philosophy of science.".
• 01GTEZMFA3PQ4FR2HWVVMJE1PP abstract "Background and aims There is limited data on temporal trends of cardiovascular hospitalizations and outcomes amongst cancer patients. We describe the distribution, trends of admissions, and in-hospital mortality associated with key cardiovascular diseases among cancer patients in the USA between 2004 and 2017. Methods Using the Nationwide Inpatient Sample we, identified admissions with five cardiovascular diseases of interest: acute myocardial infarction (AMI), pulmonary embolism (PE), ischaemic stroke, heart failure, atrial fibrillation (AF) or atrial flutter, and intracranial haemorrhage. Patients were stratified by cancer status and type. We estimated crude annual rates of hospitalizations and annual in-hospital all-cause mortality rates. Results From >42.5 million hospitalizations with a primary cardiovascular diagnosis, 1.9 million (4.5%) had a concurrent record of cancer. Between 2004 and 2017, cardiovascular admission rates increased by 23.2% in patients with cancer, whilst decreasing by 10.9% in patients without cancer. The admission rate increased among cancer patients across all admission causes and cancer types except prostate cancer. Patients with haematological (9.7-13.5), lung (7.4-8.9), and GI cancer (4.6-6.3) had the highest crude rates of cardiovascular hospitalizations per 100 000 US population. Heart failure was the most common reason for cardiovascular admission in patients across all cancer types, except GI cancer (crude admission rates of 13.6-16.6 per 100 000 US population for patients with cancer). Conclusions In contrast to declining trends in patients without cancer, primary cardiovascular admissions in patients with cancer is increasing. The highest admission rates are in patients with haematological cancer, and the most common cause of admission is heart failure.".
• 01GTFCKRZVKNDZ4M59P7G5GDEX abstract "Population Politics in the Tropics explores colonial population policies in Angola between 1890 and 1945 from a transimperial perspective. Using a wide array of previously unused sources and multilingual archival research from Angola, Portugal and beyond, Samuël Coghe sheds new light on the history of colonial Angola, showing how population policies were conceived, implemented and contested. He analyses why and how doctors, administrators, missionaries and other colonial actors tried to grasp and quantify demographic change and 'improve' the health conditions, reproductive regimes and migration patterns of Angola's 'native' population. Coghe argues that these interventions were inextricably linked to pervasive fears of depopulation and underpopulation, but that their implementation was often hampered by weak state structures, internal conflicts and multiple forms of African agency. Coghe's fresh analysis of demography, health and migration in colonial Angola challenges common ideas of Portuguese colonial exceptionalism.".
• 01GTFD2QV1APKN7Y0WP3J34FWQ abstract "This reader on the history of demography and historical perspectives on "population" in the twentieth century features a unique collection of primary sources from around the globe, written by scholars, politicians, journalists, and activists. Many of the sources are available in English for the first time. Background information is provided on each source. Together, the sources mirror the circumstances under which scientific knowledge about "population" was produced, how demography evolved as a discipline, and how demographic developments were interpreted and discussed in different political and cultural settings. Readers thereby gain insight into the historical precedents on debates on race, migration, reproduction, natural resources, development and urbanization, the role of statistics in the making of the nation state, and family structures and gender roles, among others. The reader is designed for undergraduate and graduate students as well as scholars in the fields of demography and population studies as well as to anyone interested in the history of science and knowledge.".
• 01GTFEGEKFCV6K3W2QWCMRYPKP abstract "Disease control and public health have been key aspects of social and political life in sub-Saharan Africa since time immemorial. With variations across space and time, many societies viewed disease as the result of imbalances in persons and societies and combined the use of materia medica from the natural world, spiritual divination, and community healing to redress these imbalances. While early encounters between African and European healing systems were still marked by mutual exchanges and adaptations, the emergence of European germ theory-based biomedicine and the establishment of racialized colonial states in the 19th century increasingly challenged the value of African therapeutic practices for disease control on the continent. Initially, colonial states focused on preserving the health of European soldiers, administrators, and settlers, who were deemed particularly vulnerable to tropical climate and its diseases. Around 1900, however, they started paying more attention to diseases among Africans, whose health and population growth were now deemed crucial for economic development and the legitimacy of colonial rule. Fueled by new insights and techniques provided by tropical medicine, antisleeping sickness campaigns would be among the first major interventions. After World War I, colonial health services expanded their campaigns against epidemic diseases, but also engaged with broader public health approaches that addressed reproductive problems and the social determinants of both disease and health. Colonial states were not the only providers of biomedical healthcare in colonial Africa. Missionary societies and private companies had their own health services, with particular logics, methods, and focuses. And after 1945, international organizations such as the World Health Organization (WHO) and the United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF) increasingly invested in health campaigns in Africa as well. Moreover, Africans actively participated in colonial disease control, most notably as nurses, midwives, and doctors. Nevertheless, Western biomedicine never gained hegemony in colonial Africa. Many Africans tried to avoid or minimize participation in certain campaigns or continued to utilize the services of local healers and diviners, often in combination with particular biomedical approaches. To what extent colonial disease control impacted on disease incidence and demography is still controversially debated.".
• 01GTFFAZ8ZW6P6JK8J5AKM17AW abstract "Through the example of Portuguese Angola, this article examines why, how and to what effect colonial doctors in interwar tropical Africa engaged with studying the demography of ‘native’ populations. It shows that doctors‘ demographic endeavours were underwritten by widespread anxieties of depopulation and intimately connected to innovations in colonial healthcare. It argues that, despite the multiple difficulties in collecting accurate data, doctors often drew far-reaching conclusions from them. By claiming that, compared to Europeans, Angola’s ‘native’ population was characterized by a different demographic regime with both higher fertility and higher infant mortality rates, they also reinforced ideas of racial difference.".
• 01GTFG2DYQFHHMMR7J793BQHQ2 abstract "We present a generalized multi-phase-field model to predict the growth of polycrystalline thin films fabricated by physical vapor deposition. The model accounts for the explicit transport of atomic species to the substrate and the competing diffusion processes on the surface and in the bulk of the film leading to the formation of films with specific microstructures. We used magnetron sputtering conditions (pressure, voltage, working distance, substrate orientation) to calculate the energy and direction of the arriving atoms at the substrate using Monte Carlo simulations with the SiMTRA code. Our simulation results capture the dependence of the microstructure on deposition conditions, and delineate the relationship between process parameters and the formation of columnar microstructures and surface roughness characteristic of thin films. These simulation predictions are in agreement with transmission electron microscopy characterization of sputtered films. Through our systematic investigation of competing growth mechanisms, we provide insights into the complex relationships between deposition conditions and bulk and surface morphologies.".
• 01GTFGJ73J44H8TXV2A2G7MDJ0 abstract "This dataset is an sqldump from the database (PostgreSQL version 12.5) that is used to power the open access platform https://www.dbbe.ugent.be/. Contents The database consists of 3 schemas: data - contains the actual data logic - contains other information required to run the database (user roles, revision information, feedback information, ...) migration - contains information on the mapping between the previous data platform and the current one The database dump contains the schema and table creation instruction for all 3 schemas, but only contains the data for the data schema. It can be used to create and populate a database that can be used to run the code hosted on https://github.com/GhentCDH/dbbe. Acknowledgements Acknowledgements can be reconstructed by mapping the acknowledgement to the document table using the document_acknowledgement join table. For translations, the source of a translation can be reconstructed by mapping the translation table with one of the bibliography tables (article, book, bookchapter, online_source, blog_post, phd, bib_varia) using the reference join table.".
• 01GTG4B44AB041TEBVN3F0XGYZ abstract "Challenging behavior (CB) is a group of behaviors, reactions and symptoms due to dementia, which can be challenging for the caregivers. The study aims to research the influence of acoustics on CB in people with dementia (PwD). An ethnographic method was used to study the daily life of PwD in their nursing homes with a specific focus on how people react to everyday environmental sounds. Thirty-five residents were included in the sample based on purposeful, homogeneous group characteristics and sampling. Empirical data were collected using 24/7 participatory observations. The collected data were analyzed using a phenomenological–hermeneutical method: a naïve understanding, a structural analysis and a comprehensive understanding. The result shows that the onset of CB depends on whether the resident feels safe and is triggered by an excess or lack of stimuli. The excess or shortage of stimuli and whether and when it affects a person is personal. It depends on various factors, the person’s state and the time of day, the nature of the stimuli, familiarity, or strangeness is also a determining factor for the onset and progression of CB. The results can form an essential basis for developing soundscapes to make the PwD feel safe and reduce CB.".
• 01GTGK3H686JRDNGJNAH47QM7C abstract "The issue of trust has increasingly attracted attention in the business ethics literature. Our aim is to contribute further to this literature by examining how the use of the carbon copy (cc) function in email communication influences felt trust. We develop the argument that the use of cc enhances transparency-representing an important characteristic of workplace ethics-and hence promotes trust. We further argue that a downside of the cc option may be that it can also be experienced as a control mechanism, which may therefore negatively affect trust. The results of our first study showed that the use of cc indeed enhances perceived transparency, but at the same time also leads to the experience of increased control. Building upon this insight, the findings of five subsequent studies consistently revealed that the use of cc negatively influences felt trust. More precisely, employees felt trusted the least when the supervisor was always included in cc (Studies 2 and 3). This effect on felt trust also negatively influenced how trustworthy the organizational climate was perceived (Study 4). We further replicated these results in two field surveys, which showed that the negative effect of cc on felt trust lowered perceptions of psychological safety (Study 5) and contributed to a culture of fear (Study 6). Taken together, our findings suggest that when transparency in email communications is experienced as a control mechanism, its use is perceived as unethical, rather than as ethical. Implications and recommendations for future business ethics research are discussed.".
• 01GTGK9SS18WR64BH3SSBWEDRV abstract "Background: Individuals from families at high‐risk for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are also at high risk for hypertension (HTN) and cardiovascular disease. Studies identifying lifestyle patterns (LPs) combining dietary, physical activity or sedentary variables and examining their possible role with respect to developing blood pressure (BP) are limited. The present study aimed to examine the association of different LPs with BP levels in families at high risk for T2DM in Europe. Methods: In total, 1844 adults (31.6% males) at high‐risk for T2DM across six European countries were included in this cross‐sectional study using data from the baseline assessment of the Feel4Diabetes Study. BP measurements and dietary and physical activity assessments were conducted, and screen times were surveyed. LPs were revealed with principal component analysis of various data regarding diet, physical activity, screen time and smoking. Results: Three LPs were identified. LP3 (high consumption of sweet and salty snacks, sugar sweetened soft drinks and juices, and high amount of screen time) was positively associated with diastolic BP (B, 0.52; 95% confidence interval = 0.05–0.99) and the existence of HTN (odds ratio = 1.12; 95% confidence interval = 1.00–1.25). Participants in the highest tertile of LP3 spent mean 3 h of screen time, consumed 1.5 portions of sweet and/or salty snacks and 1 L of soft drinks on a daily basis, were associated with 12% higher risk of HTN. Conclusions: Focusing on the combination of eating and lifestyle behaviours may more accurately identify, and therefore guide preventive measures tailored to the specific needs of high‐risk populations.".
• 01GTGKB7YFCS8YRE1CYK1H83KY abstract "The leadership role can be demanding and depleting. Using self-regulation and social exchange theory as a framework, we developed a three-step sequential mediation model that explains how feelings of depletion can degrade leaders’ own performance level, via the reciprocating behavior of their employees. Specifically, we hypothesized that leader depletion is negatively related to their trust beliefs. This lack of trust is expected to be reciprocated by employees in such a way that they display less citizenship behaviors towards their leader. These lowered citizenship behaviors are, in turn, predicted to negatively impact leader performance. Additionally, we hypothesized that these negative effects of feeling depleted are more pronounced for leaders who believe that their willpower is limited. Studies 1 and 2 illustrated that leader depletion indirectly influences their own performance level through leaders’ trust beliefs and employees’ leader-directed citizenship behaviors. Study 3 extended these findings from the inter-individual to the intra-individual level, and demonstrated the predicted moderating role of belief in limited willpower. Together, our studies provide new and useful insights in the broader, more distal implications of leader depletion, which have not yet been considered in existing self-regulation models.".
• 01GTGKHKQYJ7H693ZR6CSV13Y7 abstract "Do people think that there is such a thing as too much money? The present research investigated this question in the context of hypothetical lottery wins. By employing a mental simulation approach, we were able to examine how people respond to increasing envisioned jackpot amounts, and whether there are individual differences in people's reactions. Across five empirical studies (total N = 1,504), we consistently found that, overall, the relationship between imagined lottery wins and expected happiness is characterized by an inverted U-shaped curve, with expected happiness being highest around an envisioned win of roughly 10 million pounds. Both lower and higher envisioned wins reduced participants' overall expected happiness. In addition to this overall pattern, we identified three clusters of participants who react differently to expected increases in wealth. These clusters mainly differed in terms of how soon the top of the expected happiness curve was reached, and if and when the curve started to drop. Finally, we also found some interesting cluster differences in terms of participants' prosocial and proself motivations.".
• 01GTGNW0S24B709PCJVRFC55T1 abstract "In the past several single classifiers, homogeneous and heterogeneous ensembles have been proposed to detect the customers who are most likely to churn. Despite the popularity and accuracy of heterogeneous ensembles in various domains, customer churn prediction models have not yet been picked up. Moreover, there are other developments in the performance evaluation and model comparison level that have not been introduced in a systematic way. Therefore, the aim of this study is to perform a large scale benchmark study in customer churn prediction implementing these novel methods. To do so, we benchmark 33 classifiers, including 6 single classifiers, 14 homogeneous, and 13 heterogeneous ensembles across 11 datasets. Our findings indicate that heterogeneous ensembles are consistently ranked higher than homogeneous ensembles and single classifiers. It is observed that a heterogeneous ensemble with simulated annealing classifier selection is ranked the highest in terms of AUC and expected maximum profits. For accuracy, F1 measure and top-decile lift, a heterogenous ensemble optimized by non-negative binomial likelihood, and a stacked heterogeneous ensemble are, respectively, the top ranked classifiers. Our study contributes to the literature by being the first to include such an extensive set of classifiers, performance metrics, and statistical tests in a benchmark study of customer churn.".
• 01GTGQRWZZN20YPT5F7JWMS8FY abstract "Nigerian girls and women constitute a large percentage of African victims of human trafficking in Italy. Extensive research has been conducted on the causes, push-and-pull factors, and the perpetrators in the phenomenon of trafficking Nigerian women and girls into Italy. However, limited data exist on the women and girls’ narratives of their experiences during their migratory journey from Nigeria to Europe. Using data collected through a mixed method, longitudinal design, 31 female Nigerian victims of trafficking in Italy were interviewed for this study. This study gives voice to the experiences of sexual violence that these women and girls encounter during transit, leading to many of them arriving in Italy severely traumatized. It also discusses the health impact of these experiences and the different survival strategies that they are forced to employ. The study shows how sexual and physical violence is employed by smugglers, traffickers, and people in authority alike. It shows that the violence experienced along the way does not end after arrival in the destination country (in this case, Italy), but is, in some cases, exacerbated and similar to previous experiences of violence.".
• 01GTGRBNYEQ0F12Q8PYE5KXRT9 abstract "Financial influencers, or finfluencers are giving online financial advice to their followers. Although concerns about the impact of this advice on young adults are rising, scientific research is scarce. This experiment (N = 162) examines how investment advice impacts upon Dutch young adults’ perceived financial self-efficacy and financial well-being and how this advice can affect financial risk taking and willingness to invest. The results show a direct negative impact of a video that warns about the risks of investing in shares on perceived future financial security and willingness to invest (compared to a control video). However, at the same time, this video had a positive indirect impact on financial decision-making (i.e., higher perceived financial self-efficacy, higher intent to invest and more willing to take risks), but negative effects on financial well-being (I.e., increased financial stress), through a more positive attitude towards the finfluencer.".
• 01GTGRNC13G39CDF2ESSWDJ4RW abstract "Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a debilitating neurodegenerative disorder affecting 50 million people globally. It is characterized by the presence of extracellular senile plaques and intracellular neurofibrillary tangles, consisting of amyloid-β and hyperphosphorylated tau proteins, respectively. Despite global research efforts, there is currently no cure available, due in part to an incomplete understanding of the disease pathogenesis. Numerous possible mechanisms, or hypotheses, explaining the origins of sporadic or late-onset AD have been proposed, including the amyloid-β, inflammatory, vascular, and infectious hypotheses. However, despite ample evidence, the failure of multiple trial drugs at the clinical stage illuminates the possible pitfalls of these hypotheses. Systems biology is a strategy which aims to elucidate the interactions between parts of a whole. Using this approach, the current paper shows how the four previously mentioned hypotheses of AD pathogenesis can be intricately connected. This approach allows for seemingly contradictory evidence to be unified in a system-focused explanation of sporadic AD development. Within this view, it is seen that infectious agents, such as P. gingivalis, may play a central role. The data presented here shows that when present, P. gingivalis or its virulence factors, such as gingipains, may induce or exacerbate pathologies underlying sporadic AD. This evidence supports the view that infectious agents, and specifically P. gingivalis, may be suitable treatment targets in AD.".
• 01GTGRNEMXFVFPMWJ72SM7TEYY abstract "This report describes an ultrasound-guided technique to block the radial, ulnar, median and musculocutaneous nerves in seven calves submitted for tenotomy of flexor tendons or carpus arthrodesis surgery. Surgery was performed under sedation and locoregional anaesthesia (n = 4) or under isoflurane inhalation and locoregional anaesthesia (n = 3). A block of the radial and ulnar, median and musculocutaneous nerves was performed at the lateral and medial aspect of the brachium, respectively, using a linear ultrasound probe positioned transversely to the mid-humerus. A 19-gauge spinal needle was introduced in-plane through the triceps or transverse pectoral muscle until reaching the target nerves, where 5 ml of lidocaine 20 mg/ml or a mixture of lidocaine 20 mg/ml and detomidine 15 mu g/ml was injected at each site. The calves' cardiovascular parameters varied from baseline by less than 15% during surgery. Complications such as prolonged paralysis or haematoma/swelling at the injection site were not observed.".
• 01GTGRYQ43RHGZFAJBQFRY88S1 abstract "Fascin is an important regulator of F-actin bundling leading to enhanced filopodia assembly. Fascin is also overexpressed in most solid tumours where it supports invasion through control of F-actin structures at the periphery and nuclear envelope. Recently, fascin has been identified in the nucleus of a broad range of cell types but the contributions of nuclear fascin to cancer cell behaviour remain unknown. Here, we demonstrate that fascin bundles F-actin within the nucleus to support chromatin organisation and efficient DDR. Fascin associates directly with phosphorylated Histone H3 leading to regulated levels of nuclear fascin to support these phenotypes. Forcing nuclear fascin accumulation through the expression of nuclear-targeted fascin-specific nanobodies or inhibition of Histone H3 kinases results in enhanced and sustained nuclear F-actin bundling leading to reduced invasion, viability, and nuclear fascin-specific/driven apoptosis. These findings represent an additional important route through which fascin can support tumourigenesis and provide insight into potential pathways for targeted fascin-dependent cancer cell killing.".
• 01GTGS29Y68SRQAR4184QT6N0B abstract "The accurate analysis of chemical isomers plays an important role in the study of their different toxic effects and targeted detection of pollutant isomers in foods. The Alternaria mycotoxins tenuazonic acid (TeA) and iso-tenuazonic acid (ITeA) are two isomer mycotoxins with the lack of single analysis methods due to the similar structures. Antibody-based immunoassays exhibit high sensitivity and superior application in isomer-specific determination. Previously, various kinds of antibodies for TeA have been prepared in our group. Herein, high -ly specific nanobodies (Nbs) against ITeA mycotoxin were selected from immune nanobody phage display li-brary, and one of Nbs, namely Nb(B3G3) exhibited excellent affinity, thermal stability as well as organic solvent tolerance. By molecular simulation and docking technology, it was found that stronger interaction between Nb (B3G3) and ITeA lead to higher affinity than that for its isomer TeA. Furthermore, a sensitive indirect competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (icELISA) was established with a limit of detection (LOD) of 0.09 ng/mL for ITeA mycotoxin. The recovery rate of ITeA in spiked samples was analyzed with 84.8%-89.5% for rice, 78.3%- 96.3% for flour, and 79.5%-90.7% for bread. A conventional LC-MS/MS method was used to evaluate the ac-curacy of this proposed icELISA, which showed a satisfactory consistent correlation. Since the convenient strategy for nanobody generation by phage display technology, this study provide new biorecognition elements and sensitive immunoassay for analysis of ITeA in foods.".
• 01GTGS4PQ5G8S2Z0GM47HB7J9F abstract "Plant cells take advantage of a flexible, yet complex, machinery to modulate their response to adverse environmental stress conditions, thereby setting the stage for initiating defense strategies at various levels. In these, the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is an inherent aspect. ROS are partially reduced (e.g., superoxide anions) or excited forms (e.g., singlet oxygen) of molecular oxygen. ROS are known to act as doubleedged swords, as excessive levels of ROS can cause indiscriminate oxidation of nearly all biomolecules, including DNA/RNA, proteins, and lipids. Such events are referred to as oxidative stress. On the other side, at more moderate levels, ROS act as important signaling molecules that regulate various processes, such as development and responses of plants to biotic and/or abiotic environmental stresses. In this volume, we invited a suite of experts to share their insights in various aspects of ROS biology in plants. In Chapter 1, Li and Kim provide a comprehensive overview of both the genesis and signaling characteristics of singlet oxygen (1O2), which is a nonradical ROS. Like many other ROS, this photosynthetic byproduct of plants can damage biological molecules, but interestingly it also plays an interdependent signaling role leading to stress acclimation and programmed cell death. Among the different ROS, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is the most efficient signaling molecule due to its relative stability and ability to migrate within and across cells and its impact on the redox state of the cell. In Chapter 2, Mhamdi elaborates on the processes involved in H2O2 generation and processing and the different ways by which H2O2 can act as a signal, including the recent discoveries of H2O2 sensors and receptors that link H2O2 to other signal transduction pathways. Low molecular weight antioxidants, such as ascorbate and glutathione, and antioxidant enzymes are present in most, if not all, plant cell compartments, where they play important roles in propagating or limiting ROS and redox signals. In Chapter 3, Kunert and Foyer review the synthesis and functions of ascorbate and glutathione, the evidence for interactions between these antioxidants in the ascorbate/glutathione cycle and the position of this cycle within the network of cellular redox systems. In recent years it has become clear that plants also use ROS homeostasis to guide their development. In Chapter 4, Shippers presents an overview for the role of ROS gradients and homeostasis in the development of leaves from the shoot apical meristem, based mainly on the model plant species Arabidopsis thaliana. Furthermore, this chapter summarizes current knowledge on the involvement of different ROS species and molecular components in the regulation of leaf development. Like leaf development, recent studies revealed that ROS also play a critical role in various aspects of flowering and plant reproduction. Zhou and Dresselhous provide in Chapter 5 an overview of the multiple functions of ROS signaling during plant reproductive development from germline initiation to double fertilization. They mainly focus on flowering plants and discuss the generation and elimination of ROS, and the induction and regulation of various downstream signaling pathways. Seed germination is a critical event in higher plant life because its success ensures the establishment of a new generation and survival of the species. In Chapter 6, Bailly summarizes the current knowledge on the role of ROS in seed germination and provides novel insights, such as the concepts of oxidative memory and oxidative networks, which bring a better understanding to the function of ROS in these key developmental processes. In Chapter 7, Corpas et al. provide a broad perspective of the relevance of ROS metabolism during the ripening of fleshy fruits, which usually involves physiological oxidative stress. In addition, they review how the application of exogenous molecules with signaling functions such as nitric oxide (NO), hydrogen sulfide (H2S), or melatonin can contribute to regulating ROS metabolism and how these can exert beneficial effects during postharvest storage. Furthermore, Corpas et al. describe the antioxidant composition of fleshy fruits, recognized as a nutraceutical trait that contributes to human health when regularly consumed. In the next two chapters, the critical roles of ROS in plant interactions with the environment are described. In Chapter 8, Polle et al. review the roles of ROS and antioxidative systems in the fungal partner and plant host for the establishment of symbiosis and for the induction of local and systemic mycorrhizal resistance. In Chapter 9, Karpinski and Szechyńska-Hebda summarize the latest insights into the roles of ROS, in concert with electrical signaling, within the induction of a new acclimation phenomenon termed “network acquired acclimation” (NAA), which is necessary for the induction of systemic acquired acclimation (SAA) and systemic acquired resistance (SAR) within a community of plants. The function of H2O2 as a signal requires its diffusion through the plasma membrane or internal membranes, a process that is facilitated by the presence of channels named aquaporins (AQPs). In the final chapter (Chapter 10), Ahmed and Chaumont discuss the mechanisms by which aquaporins facilitate and regulate H2O2 membrane diffusion, and the relevance of their contribution to organellar, cellular, and cell-to-cell H2O2 signaling processes in the context of abiotic and biotic stresses. Together, we believe this volume provides a detailed, comprehensive, and up-to-date overview of ROS biology in plants, and hope that it will be a useful reading material to both young researchers who are new in this field and more experienced scientists who are interested to learn about the critical roles of ROS in plant biology.".
• 01GTGTTH9WM794KSSWEWRGPA4E abstract "A 7-year-old Warmblood mare presented with bilateral epistaxis, facial swelling and deviation of the nose and upper lip. Upon clinical and computed tomographic examination a complete, oblique, open and displaced fracture of the nasal process of the incisive bone of the left and right maxilla was found. In order to maintain a good alignment and reduction in the fracture, a temporary retention with cerclage wire connecting the incisors of the mandible and maxilla was used. The fracture was then treated surgically with a 3.5-mm narrow-locking compression plate on the dorsolateral aspect of the incisive bone in combination with oral cerclage wiring. The intra-oral cerclage wiring was removed 12 weeks post-surgery, while the plate remained in situ. Minor post-surgical complications consisted of transient facial nerve paralysis and swelling. Follow-up radiographs taken 8 weeks after surgery documented good fracture healing. Nine months after surgery the mare has returned to her intended use and showed excellent cosmesis.".
• 01GTGTTHA3V6G0BZJ42M8968DX abstract "Simple summary Suture exostosis is a condition affecting the horse's head. The connections between the bone plates that form the horse's face have been shown to react to insult. Horses will then develop a swelling along the face that may be painful. Little is known about this condition and the present research project aimed to investigate horses presented to equine clinics with symptoms of the disorder. It was revealed that the condition can form following trauma, underlying sinus disease, following a surgery or without any apparent cause. Various treatment options to resolve the condition have been reported and the outcomes of those are described in the paper. Most consistently the proper diagnosis and identification and removal of potential bone sequestra are crucial for a timely resolution. Suture exostosis is an intriguing and not uncommon pathology that has to be included in the differential diagnosis for horses with swelling of the head. Although several singular case reports have been published, no large case series is available. The aim of this study is to report a multicentric retrospective collection of suture exostosis cases. Data concerning horses with suture exostosis in the facial region were collected retrospectively. Information regarding breed, age, gender, history, imaging findings, initiated treatment, response to treatment and follow up was recorded. One hundred and five cases of various breeds were reported. Analysis revealed the cases could be grouped into four entities: 45 developed following sino-nasal surgery, 23 following trauma, seven with underlying sinus pathology and 25 idiopathic. Treatment consisted of sequestra removal, plate fixation, antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory drugs or no treatment. Whereas initial localized pain fades within few days or weeks, resolution or reduction of the swelling was obtained in most cases after 3 months to 1.5 years. The etiopathogenesis of suture exostosis seems to consist of different entities. Identification of an underlying cause, particularly the presence of a bone sequester and infection is important to speed up resolution and before concluding an idiopathic case. When performing sinusotomies, it is important to provide as little trauma as possible to the surgical site in order to prevent suture exostosis as a complication.".
• 01GTGTTHA875FNKPC7ZB6WCFVP abstract "A seven-year-old warmblood mare presented with bilateral epistaxis, facial swelling and deviation of the nose and upper lip. Upon clinical and computed tomographic examination, a complete, oblique, open and displaced fracture of the nasal process of the incisive bone of the left and right maxilla was found. The fracture was treated surgically with a 3.5 narrow locking compression plate on the dorsolateral aspect of the incisive bone in combination with oral cerclage wiring after temporary retention with cerclage wire connecting the incisors of the mandible and maxilla. The intraoral cerclage wiring was removed twelve weeks post surgery, while the plate remained in situ. There were only minor postsurgical complications, which consisted of transient facial nerve paralysis and swelling. Follow-up radiographs taken eight weeks after surgery documented good fracture healing. Nine months after surgery, the mare returned to her intended use, and showed excellent cosmesis.".
• 01GTGVJVR8M4MDG3GGQ5Q327RW abstract "Although hematologic malignancies (HM) are no longer considered exclusively sporadic, additional awareness of familial cases has yet to be created. Individuals carrying a (likely) pathogenic germline variant (e.g., in ETV6, GATA2, SAMD9, SAMD9L, or RUNX1) are at an increased risk for developing HM. Given the clinical and psychological impact associated with the diagnosis of a genetic predisposition to HM, it is of utmost importance to provide high-quality, standardized patient care. To address these issues and harmonize care across Europe, the Familial Leukemia Subnetwork within the ERN PaedCan has been assigned to draft an European Standard Clinical Practice (ESCP) document reflecting current best practices for pediatric patients and (healthy) relatives with (suspected) familial leukemia. The group was supported by members of the German network for rare diseases MyPred, of the Host Genome Working Group of SIOPE, and of the COST action LEGEND. The ESCP on familial leukemia is proposed by an interdisciplinary team of experts including hematologists, oncologists, and human geneticists. It is intended to provide general recommendations in areas where disease-specific recommendations do not yet exist. Here, we describe key issues for the medical care of familial leukemia that shall pave the way for a future consensus guideline: (i) identification of individuals with or suggestive of familial leukemia, (ii) genetic analysis and variant interpretation, (iii) genetic counseling and patient education, and (iv) surveillance and (psychological) support. To address the question on how to proceed with individuals suggestive of or at risk of familial leukemia, we developed an algorithm covering four different, partially linked clinical scenarios, and additionally a decision tree to guide clinicians in their considerations regarding familial leukemia in minors with HM. Our recommendations cover, not only patients but also relatives that both should have access to adequate medical care. We illustrate the importance of natural history studies and the need for respective registries for future evidence-based recommendations that shall be updated as new evidence-based standards are established.".
• 01GTGVX2WF31W72M68P2VXJGNW abstract "The primate scapula has been studied widely since its shape has been shown to correlate with how the forelimb is used in daily activities. In this study, we expand on the existing literature and use an image-based methodology that was originally developed for orthopaedic practice to quantify and compare the three-dimensional (3D) morphology of the scapula across humans and great apes. We expect that this image-based approach will allow us to identify differences between great apes and humans that can be related to differences in mobility and loading regime of the shoulder. We hypothesize that gorillas and chimpanzees will have a similar scapular morphology, geared towards stability and weight-bearing in knuckle-walking, whilst the scapular morphology of orangutans is expected to be more similar to that of humans given their high glenohumeral mobility associated with their suspensory lifestyle. We made 3D reconstructions of computed tomography scans of 69 scapulae from four hominid genera (Pongo, Gorilla, Pan and Homo). On these 3D bone meshes, the inferior glenoid plane was determined, and subsequently, a set of bony landmarks on the scapular body, coracoid, and acromion were defined. These landmarks allowed us to measure a set of functionally relevant angles which represent acromial overhang, subacromial space and coracoacromial space. The angles that were measured are: the delto-fulcral triangle (DFT), comprising the alpha, beta, and delta angle, the acromion-glenoid angle (AGA), the coracoid-glenoid centre-posterior acromial angle (CGA), the anterior tilt (TA CGA) and the posterior tilt of the CGA (PT CGA). Three observers placed the landmarks on the 3D bone meshes, allowing us to calculate the inter-observer error. The main differences in the DFT were found between humans and the great apes, with small differences between the great apes. The DFT of humans was significantly lower compared to that of the great apes, with the smallest alpha (32.7 degrees), smallest delta (45.7 degrees) and highest beta angle (101.6 degrees) of all genera. The DFT of chimpanzees was significantly higher compared to that of humans (p < 0.01), with a larger alpha (37.6 degrees) and delta angle (54.5 degrees) and smaller beta angle (87.9 degrees). The mean AGA of humans (59.1 degrees) was significantly smaller (p < 0.001) than that of gorillas (68.8 degrees). The mean CGA of humans (110.1 degrees) was significantly higher (p < 0.001) than in orangutans (92.9 degrees). Humans and gorillas showed mainly a posterior tilt of their coracoacromial complex whilst chimpanzees showed mainly an anterior tilt. The coracoacromial complex of the orangutans was not tilted anteriorly or posteriorly. With our image-based method, we were able to identify morphological features of the scapula that differed significantly between hominid genera. However, we did not find an overall dichotomy in scapular morphology geared towards high stability (Pan/Gorilla) or high mobility (Homo/Pongo). Further research is needed to investigate the functional implications of these differences in scapular morphology.".
• 01GTGVZV2PKN9X4WYCA7GSX6HG abstract "Background: Chronic post-sternotomy pain after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) is an underestimated complication. Pain has a major impact on quality of life. Increasingly, low-dose or even opioid-free anesthesia has been shown to be feasible and in some cases beneficial. Different intraoperative analgesic treatment strategies may significantly impact occurrence of hyperalgesia and subsequent pain in cardiac surgery. Objective: To investigate whether different intraoperative dosing regimens of fentanyl during CABG influence the area of hyperalgesia 24 and 48 hours postoperatively. As secondary endpoints, we investigated whether acute postoperative pain measured by the numerical rating scale (NRS) scores at 24 and 48 hours and the occurrence of chronic pain after 3, 6 and 12 months were influenced by perioperative fentanyl dosing. Design: Prospective, randomized double-blind clinical trial. Setting: A preliminary analysis of a randomized multicenter study (University Hospital of Ghent and the University Hospital of Basel), including patients undergoing elective on-pump CABG in University Hospital of Ghent. Methods: We screened 80 patients, of whom 66 were included and randomized into three groups: a high fentanyl regimen (20 mu g.kg-1 IBW (Ideal Body Weight)), a low dosing regimen (3 mu g.kg-1 IBW), or a Shibutani continuous dosing regimen. When extubated and responsive, protocolized pin-pricking was performed at 24 and 48h to evaluate the surface area of hyperalgesia. Additionally, patients are asked to report the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) at 24h, 48h, as well as the occurrence of persistent pain at 3, 6, and 12 months. Additional preoperative rescue fentanyl dosing and postoperative remifentanil dosing were taken into account as possible confounders. Results: Primary endpoint: the difference in the measured area of hyperalgesia between the randomization groups was not significantly different. At 24h a mean area of 88 cm2, 90 cm2 and 96 cm2 was found in the low, high and Shibutani groups, respectively. At 48h areas of 91 cm2, 96 cm2 and 103 cm2 were measured in the respective groups. Secondary endpoints: significantly higher NRS scores were recorded at 24 hours in the low -dose group. A higher NRS score was found at 6 months in the Shibutani group compared to the other groups in the longer term. Postoperative administration of remifentanil is was not found to be a confounding cause of hyperalgesia. Conclusion: More short-term pain was reported in patients administered lower doses of fentanyl intraoperatively. Other clinically relevant differences in outcomes were not found. Our findings suggest that the benefits of opioid low anesthesia may not be as relevant to cardiac surgery with median sternotomy. The total postoperative opioid dosing (including remifentanil) could be a possible cause of hyperalgesia. Trial registration: EudraCT (European Union Drug Regulating Authorities Clinical Trials Database), the European database for all interventional clinical trials on medicinal products authorized in the European Union. Eudra CT number: 2017-003278-15, AGO/2017/005.".
• 01GTGW0Z3TK5KQ4SQFA9XHN8GG abstract "The evaluation and assessment of outcome is an important issue in psychotherapy research and practice. Since the beginning of empirical research, the effectiveness of treatments has been in the focus of interest to optimise mental health care. Despite this importance, the assessment of outcome by pre-to-post comparisons of point measures is hampered by some limitations. These include, amongst others, the predominant use of standard questionnaires neglecting personalised outcome criteria, the focus on point measures that ignore dynamic patterns representing the volatility of mental functioning, memory biases that become important if a recall of longer time periods is urged, and the non-ergodicity of trajectories of change. Based on new methods of digitalised data collection in the real-life setting of patients, some conclusions for process and outcome monitoring can be drawn: first, most mental diseases are characterised by specific dynamic patterns (dynamic diseases) whose changes can be assessed by high-frequency time sampling, for example daily assessments of patients. Second, personal criteria for self-assessments can be identified by multiperspective case formulations. Third, electronic devices such as smartphones allow for data collection in the real-world settings of patients, which gives access to experiences in their ecosystems.".
• 01GTGW0Z42V2QT7WKK6NABKJY9 abstract "Drawn from the SQELT Erasmus+ project, this article explores how learning analytics is implemented at a set of six European universities in the context of their performance data management models, including its multiple functions and ethical issues. It further identifies possible good practice and policy recommendations at decision-making level. Results show that learning analytics is present to a certain extent in all six institutions, although mostly based on traditional data and still lacking predictive capacity concerning students' performance. Learning analytics is viewed as useful in providing more accurate personal data on students' learning, contributing to the establishment of more sophisticated quality management systems. The European General Data Protection Regulation and national privacy laws sufficiently cover the majority of data ethics risks posed by learning analytics. Overall, learning analytics entails both opportunities and threats. The possibilities of a learning analytics approach deserve further attention within universities and quality assurance agencies.".
• 01GTGW0Z495CZ472MAH5JF7KX7 abstract "Background: To date, research has found variable success in using attentional bias modification training (ABMT) procedures in pain samples. Several factors could contribute to these mixed findings, including boredom and low motivation. Indeed, training paradigms are repetitive, which can lead to disengagement and high dropout rates. A potential approach to overcoming some of these barriers is to attempt to increase motivation and engagement through gamification (ie, the use of game elements) of this procedure. To date, research has yet to explore the gamified format of ABMT for chronic pain and its potential for the transfer of benefits. Objective: The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of a gamified web-delivered ABMT intervention in a sample of adults with chronic pain via a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Methods: A total of 120 adults with chronic musculoskeletal pain, recruited from clinical (hospital outpatient waiting list) and nonclinical (wider community) settings, will be included in this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, 3-arm trial. Participants will be randomly assigned to complete 6 web-based sessions of dot-probe nongamified sham control ABMT, nongamified standard ABMT, or gamified ABMT across a period of 3 weeks. Active ABMT conditions will aim to train attention away from pain-relevant words. Participant outcomes will be assessed at pretraining, during training, immediately after training, and at the 1-month follow-up. Primary outcomes include pain intensity, pain interference, and behavioral and self-reported engagement. Secondary outcomes include attentional bias for pain, anxiety, depression, interpretation bias for pain, and perceived improvement. Results: The ethical aspects of this research project have been approved by the human research ethics committees of the Royal Brisbane and Women’s Hospital (HREC/2020/QRBW/61743) and Queensland University of Technology (2000000395). Study recruitment commenced in August 2021 and is ongoing. Data collection and analysis are expected to be concluded by October 2022 and January 2023, respectively. Conclusions: This trial will be the first to evaluate the effects of gamification techniques in a pain ABMT intervention. The findings will provide important information on the potential therapeutic benefits of gamified pain ABMT programs, shed light on the motivational influences of certain game elements in the context of pain, and advance our understanding of chronic pain.".
• 01GTGWEKA5BCDZA64CV7DNSGNG abstract "Purpose: To examine the differences in training load (TL) metrics when quantifying training sessions differing in intensity and duration. The relationship between the TL metrics and the acute performance decrement measured immediately after the sessions was also assessed. Methods: Eleven male recreational cyclists performed 4 training sessions in a random order, immediately followed by a 3-km time trial (TT). Before this period, participants performed the time TT in order to obtain a baseline performance. The difference in the average power output for the TTs following the training sessions was then expressed relative to the best baseline performance. The training sessions were quantified using 7 different TL metrics, 4 using heart rate as input, 2 using power output, and 1 using the rating of perceived exertion. Results: The load of the sessions was estimated differently depending on the TL metrics used. Also, within the metrics using the same input (heart rate and power), differences were found. TL using the rating of perceived exertion was the only metric showing a response that was consistent with the acute performance decrements found for the different training sessions. The Training Stress Score and the individualized training impulse demonstrated similar patterns but overexpressed the intensity of the training sessions. The total work done resulted in an overrepresentation of the duration of training. Conclusion: TL metrics provide dissimilar results as to which training sessions have higher loads. The load based on TL using the rating of perceived exertion was the only one in line with the acute performance decrements found in this study.".
• 01GTGXBYXCVZVQ2HP5DM6R3X52 abstract "Objective(s): Suppression of viral replication in patients on antiretroviral therapy (ART) is determined by plasma viral load (pVL) measurement. Whenever pVL reaches values below the limit of quantification, the qualitative parameter 'target detected' or 'target not detected' is available but often not reported to the clinician. We investigated whether qualitative pVL measurements can be used to estimate the viral reservoir size. Design: The study recruited 114 people with HIV (PWH) who are stable on ART between 2016 and 2018. The percentage of pVL measurements qualitatively reported as 'target detected' (PTD) within a 2-year period was calculated. Methods: t-DNA and US-RNA were used to estimate viral reservoir size and were quantified on peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) using droplet digital PCR. Results: A median of 6.5 pVL measurements over a 2-year period was evaluated for each participant to calculate PTD. A positive correlation was found between t-DNA and PTD (r = 0.24; P = 0.011) but not between US-RNA and PTD (r = 0.1; P = 0.3). A significantly lower PTD was observed in PWH with a small viral reservoir, as estimated by t-DNA less than 66 copies/10(6) PBMCs and US-RNA less than 10 copies/10(6) PBMCs, compared with PWH with a larger viral reservoir (P = 0.001). We also show that t-DNA is detectable whenever PTD is higher than 56% and that ART regimen does not affect PTD. Conclusion: Our study shows that PTD provides an efficient parameter to preselect participants with a small viral reservoir based on already available pVL data for future HIV cure trials.".
• 01GTGXBYXMS4JCYQ2WBPWAHWME abstract "Simple Summary The chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) is an avian extraembryonic membrane widely used as an experimental assay to study angiogenesis and its inhibition in response to tissues, cells, or soluble factors. In recent years, the CAM has become popular in scientific studies focused on the use of its potential for the study of biocompatibility of materials for regenerative strategies and tissue engineering applications. Great research efforts are being made to develop innovative biomaterials able to treat hard tissue defects, including diseases such as a bone cancer. In this article, we describe an approach to detect the formation of blood vessels inside the porous acellular biopolymer polyhydroxybutyrate/chitosan (PHB/CHIT) scaffold using the CAM assay as an in vivo alternative animal model, including macroscopic, histological, immunohistochemical, and molecular evaluation of the biocompatibility. The chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) is a highly vascularized avian extraembryonic membrane widely used as an in vivo model to study angiogenesis and its inhibition in response to tissues, cells, or soluble factors. In recent years, the use of CAM has become an integral part of the biocompatibility testing process for developing biomaterials intended for regenerative strategies and tissue engineering applications. In this study, we used the chicken ex ovo CAM assay to investigate the angiogenic potential of innovative acellular biopolymer polyhydroxybutyrate/chitosan (PHB/CHIT) scaffold, which is intended for the treatment of hard tissue defects, depending on treatment with pro- and anti-angiogenic substances. On embryonic day (ED) 7, the experimental biomaterials were placed on the CAM alone or soaked in vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF-A), saline solution (PHY), or tyrosine kinase inhibitor (SU5402). After 72 h, the formation of vessels was analyzed in the surrounding area of the scaffold and inside the pores of the implants, using markers of embryonic endothelium (WGA, SNA), myofibroblasts (alpha-SMA), and macrophages (KUL-01). The morphological and histochemical analysis showed strong angiogenic potential of untreated scaffolds without additional effect of the angiogenic factor, VEGF-A. The lowest angiogenic potential was observed in scaffolds soaked with SU5402. Gene expression of pro-angiogenic growth factors, i.e., VEGF-A, ANG-2, and VE-CAD, was upregulated in untreated scaffolds after 72 h, indicating a pro-angiogenic environment. We concluded that the PHB/CHIT has a strong endogenous angiogenic potential and could be promising biomaterial for the treatment of hard tissue defects.".
• 01GTGXBYXS0XP7JAYBZRP2V617 abstract "Tendinopathy is a common injury in human and equine athletes and the poor success with conventional therapy supports the need for novel treatments1. Representative in vitro models are mandatory to facilitate translation of fundamental research into clinical therapies2. Natural biomaterials provide favourable cell binding characteristics and are therefore appropriate to establish such a model3. In this study4, we seeded equine tenocytes onto four different hydrogels: methacrylated gelatin (gel-MA, 100% degree of substitution, DS), norbornene-functionalized gelatin (gel-NB, 85% and 55% DS) crosslinked with DTT and gel-NB (85% DS) crosslinked with thiolated gelatin (gel-SH, 75% DS). The physico-chemical properties (1H-NMR spectroscopy, gel fraction, swelling ratio, and storage modulus), cell characteristics (proliferation, viability, and morphology) and functionality (RT-qPCR) were evaluated and compared to tissue culture plastic (TCP). The thiol-ene based hydrogels showed a lower gel fraction/storage modulus and a higher swelling ratio compared to gel-MA. Viability on all hydrogels exceeded 95%, indicating excellent biocompatibility. At 14 days, significantly less tenocytes were observed on gel-MA compared to the thiol-ene crosslinked gelatin, and tenocytes on gel-NB85/DTT and gel-NB55/DTT showed the characteristic elongated morphology more in contrast to TCP and gel-MA. No significant difference in extracellular matrix gene expression (COL1A1, COL3A1, TNC & DCN) was observed on gelatin discs vs TCP, confirming the suitability of gelatin for tenocyte culture. In conclusion, thiol-ene crosslinked gelatin hydrogels are preferred over gel-MA when considering physico-chemical characteristics and cell responses4. These data improve our knowledge on the interaction between natural biomaterials and tenocytes, essential to establish a representative tendon model.".
• 01GTGXGZCEAB95KE3GDDTBT0X4 abstract "A highlight this year was the construction of elemental maps of microalgae cells at the organelle level using XRF-CT with a beam size of just 15 nm. These probably represent the highest ever spatial resolution achieved for XRF-CT images. An innovative approach for reconstruction algorithms used a deep convolutional neural network to correct for the self-absorption effects in the XRF-CT sinogram domain. Such corrections will enable the use of conventional tomographic reconstruction algorithms for XRF-CT analysis. A remarkable advantage of the proposed method was that it could correct for self-absorption effects without any prior knowledge of the scanning setups. A particularly innovative dual-energy X-ray-beam ptycho-fluorescence imaging method combined XRF spectrometry and X-ray ptychography scanning with simultaneous data-collection. To overcome the incompatibility of the different excitation and scanning conditions required for fast ptychography and high spatial resolution XRF spectrometry, two coaxial beams of different sizes were used on the sample simultaneously. In comparison to sequential scans, this combined approach has the potential to reduce the data collection time by a factor of 25. The very good performance of laboratory 2D-XRF spectrometry for the analysis of minute amounts of radioactive material has made it a potential alternative to TXRF spectrometry. Reconstruction algorithms are now capable of significantly enhancing imaging resolution in mu XRF spectrometry. The forensic classification of incredibly small amounts of samples such as single fibres was accomplished using elemental profiles determined by TXRF spectrometry. Although characterisation of the low-Z matrix in milk and polymers by conventional TXRF spectrometry is challenging, it was successfully achieved by studying the Compton and Rayleigh scatter with both univariate and multivariate approaches. Portable XRF spectrometry is a well-established technique for a wide range of applications. Emphasis continues to be placed on improving calibration and reducing matrix and inter-element effects. The sample type remains a challenge for portable XRF analysis. Computer vision and statistical methods such as spectral angle mapper are being increasingly applied to maximise the information that can be extracted from the data. For example, an innovative approach exploited the elemental features from XRF spectra to improve the interpretation of molecular information provided by reflectance spectroscopy, and vice versa.".
• 01GTGXXSWNPT11KQYA7TQXXK3Z abstract "This study uses a setup involving a scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to examine the infiltration behaviour and mechanism of the formation of filter cake from sand-modified bentonite slurry. We began by determining whether a filter cake can be formed by using water-bentonite slurry in samples of the fine, medium, and coarse sand (Series 1). Water-bentonite-sand slurries with different mass ratios of bentonite and fine sand (B:S) were subsequently tested using the medium and coarse sand (Series 2). The results show that for Series 1, a thin filter cake (<0.1 mm after drying) with extremely low permeability (similar to 10(-8) m/s) was formed only when the fine sand was used. The filter cake consisted of layers of dense bentonite platelets arranged perpendicular to the infiltration direction. Similar results were obtained for Series 2 between the medium and coarse sand. Within the range of 1:1.5 <= B:S <= 1:0.5, the low permeable filter cake was formed on the deposited layer of fine sand and bentonite platelet. Contrary to expectations, adding more sand (B:S = 1:2) did not complete the formation of filter cake, and instead led to continuous deposition of fine sand and bentonite platelet, which may cause inadequate effective face support during slurry shield tunneling.".
• 01GTGY6NJPKG8JDWZMJDPBJZ9N abstract "Exercise profoundly influences glycemic control by enhancing muscle insulin sensitivity, thus promoting glucometabolic health. While prior glycogen breakdown so far has been deemed integral for muscle insulin sensitivity to be potentiated by exercise, the mechanisms underlying this phenomenon remain enigmatic. We have combined original data from 13 of our studies that investigated insulin action in skeletal muscle either under rested conditions or following a bout of one-legged knee extensor exercise in healthy young male individuals (n = 106). Insulin-stimulated glucose uptake was potentiated and occurred substantially faster in the prior contracted muscles. In this otherwise homogenous group of individuals, a remarkable biological diversity in the glucometabolic responses to insulin is apparent both in skeletal muscle and at the whole-body level. In contrast to the prevailing concept, our analyses reveal that insulin-stimulated muscle glucose uptake and the potentiation thereof by exercise are not associated with muscle glycogen synthase activity, muscle glycogen content, or degree of glycogen utilization during the preceding exercise bout. Our data further suggest that the phenomenon of improved insulin sensitivity in prior contracted muscle is not regulated in a homeostatic feedback manner from glycogen. Instead, we put forward the idea that this phenomenon is regulated by cellular allostatic mechanisms that elevate the muscle glycogen storage set point and enhance insulin sensitivity to promote the uptake of glucose toward faster glycogen resynthesis without development of glucose overload/toxicity or feedback inhibition.".
• 01GTGYR9GW1Z9XQ62CJ9A4ZDVE abstract "The spectral feature of the track irregularity has a great impact on the running stability of high-speed trains. This study assesses the service reliability of the high-speed rail (HSR) ballastless track structure considering the effect of wavelength distribution characteristics of the track irregularities. The serviceability limit state (SLS) function of the ballastless track is established with respect to the derailment coefficient and wheel-unloading rate. To overcome the problem of high computational cost in the iteration of reliability assessment for the vehicle-track system, this study proposes an improved response surface method (RSM) and the explicit solution of the SLS function of the ballastless track can be realized. Compared with the traditional RSM, the improved RSM can adaptively adjust the variable interpolation coefficient to increase the iterative convergence speed. To obtain the vertical and lateral wheel-rail forces, a 3-D vehicle-track coupling model is established based on multibody dynamics and the finite element method (FEM). To analyze the wavelength effect of the track irregularities, a binary wavelet-based inversion algorithm is proposed to generate time series of both the vertical and alignment irregularities from the track irregularity spectrum (TIS). By comparing it with the MCS method, it is found that by using the improved RSM method, the convergence condition of the reliability index can be satisfied only by tens of iterations and the total computation time is 1.92 x 10(4) shorter than using MCS. Finally, the effect of different wavelengths of the track irregularity on the service reliability of track structure is discussed. The results show that the wavelength of 32 to 64 m is the main unfavorable wavelength range affecting the track service reliability under the normal operation condition of HSR.".
• 01GTGZFSY903N2Q3YQTZ984G8G abstract "Background and Aims: Conditioned pain modulation (CPM), also known as the ‘pain-inhibits-pain’ phenomenon, is a psychophysical measure of endogenous pain inhibition. CPM can be experimentally induced using a test paradigm in which one noxious stimulus (= conditioning stimulus (CS)) inhibits the pain sensitivity to another heterotopic noxious stimulus (= test stimulus (TS)). Despite the extensive amount of research performed on CPM, there are still some uncertainties concerning the influence of cognitive mechanisms on CPM efficacy. It has been previously hypothesized that differences between CPM paradigms could be due to attentional differences and a priori expectations. The present study aimed to investigate whether the CPM effect is influenced by attention and expectations in healthy adults. Methods: Seventy-two healthy pain-free adults participated in this cross-sectional study, undergoing three experimental CPM protocols in which the TS consisted of a mechanical stimulus applied using manual algometry to the Brachioradialis and Quadriceps muscles of the dominant body side until the pressure pain threshold (PPT) was achieved. The CS consisted of hot water immersion (45.5°C) of the non-dominant hand for six minutes. The TS was measured before the application of the CS, and again 30 seconds after removal of the CS. By subtracting the baseline PPT from the PPT following CS, the CPM magnitude was calculated, with a positive value reflecting pain inhibition or efficient CPM and a negative value reflecting pain facilitation or impaired CPM. The CPM protocols were administered in randomized order and comprised of 1) a ‘neutral’ protocol during which attention was not manipulated, 2) a ‘focus’ protocol during which attention was focused on the CS by instructing participants to rate the experienced pain intensity (on a numeric rating scale (NRS)) induced by the CS every 30 seconds, and 3) a ‘distraction’ protocol during which attention was directed away from the CS using a distraction task (i.e. 6-minute-long Paced Auditory Serial Addition Test (PASAT)). Prior to initiating the CPM protocols, participants were familiarized with the TS and CS, and with the attentional task. Before each CPM protocol was initiated, it was explained to the participants what the protocol exactly entailed. Subsequently, participants’ expectations were questioned and registered regarding a possible change (yes/no), the direction (pain reduction or pain enhancement) and % of change in the TS after administration of the CS preceding each protocol. After removal of the CS, the overall pain intensity elicited by the CS was rated on a NRS for each protocol. Linear mixed models analyses were used to examine potential influences of attention or distraction on CPM efficacy. Additionally, hierarchical linear regression analyses were used to examine whether a priori pain change expectations were predictive for the magnitude of the CPM effect. Results: Linear mixed models revealed a significant (p<.001) increase in PPT after application of the CS during the neutral and distraction protocol, indicating that these protocols were effective in inducing a CPM effect. When comparing the magnitude of the CPM effect between protocols, a significantly (p<.001) smaller CPM magnitude was found for the focus protocol compared to the neutral and distraction protocol. No significant differences in CPM magnitude were found between the neutral and the distraction protocol (p=1.000). Additionally, significantly lower NRS ratings elicited by the CS were found for the distraction protocol compared to the neutral and focus protocol (p<.001). Furthermore, the hierarchical linear regression analyses revealed that a priori expectations predicted the CPM magnitude of the neutral protocol, accounting for 6.6% (p=.035) of variance, with expectations of analgesia predicting more efficient CPM. The CPM effect, induced by the focus and distraction protocols, could not be predicted by a priori expectations. Conclusions: CPM efficacy appears to be influenced by attentional focus on the CS during an experimental CPM paradigm, whereas distraction does not seem to influence the CPM magnitude and induces similar effects as a sequential protocol during which no specific attention is given to or away from the CS. When subjects are distracted during the CPM procedure, this leads to lower self-reported pain intensity ratings for the CS. Furthermore, in CPM paradigms where participants are asked to rate the pain intensity of the CS during the CS application, smaller CPM magnitudes might be seen. Hence, it is recommended to rate the pain intensity elicited by the CS after completion of the CPM paradigm instead of during the application of the CS to prevent a reduction of the inhibitory effects elicited and assessed by the paradigm. Additionally, researchers should consider to register participants’ a priori expectations as these can influence the induced CPM magnitude, specifically when analgesic effects are anticipated.".
• 01GTH1K1SBVG3SZQTZEA1DD0XJ abstract "Een situatie van bewijsnood kan zich potentieel voordoen in iedere rechtstak. Niettemin vormt de gerechtelijke vereffening-verdeling één van de procedures bij uitstek waarbij partijen het risico lopen om met zo’n toestand te worden geconfronteerd. Vooreerst is het niet uitgesloten dat de ene deelgenoot als het ware de sleutel voor de aanspraken van de andere deelgenoot in handen houdt (zoals bijvoorbeeld bij discussies over een verborgen schenking of over de vraag of een schenking al dan niet in het gemeenschappelijk vermogen is terechtgekomen). Zonder tussenkomst van de notaris-vereffenaar en/of de rechter, zal die deelgenoot zijn aanspraken niet kunnen hard maken. Daarnaast kan de lange duurtijd van de procedure er voor zorgen dat bewijsstukken teruggaan op vorige generaties. Partijen zullen niet altijd toegang hebben tot die stukken. Bovendien is het niet uitgesloten dat bepaalde bewijselementen simpelweg niet meer voorhanden zijn. Dit artikel heeft niet als doelstelling om een omvattend onderzoek te voeren naar de aanpak van bewijsnood binnen het kader van de gerechtelijke vereffening-verdeling. Daarover is het afgelopen jaar reeds een omvangrijke en bijzonder lezenswaardige bijdrage van VAN DEN BERGH verschenen. Evenmin is het de bedoeling om een volledige analyse te maken van de aanwending van de burgerrechtelijke bewijsregels tijdens de procedure van vereffening-verdeling, aangezien VAN SINAY daar eerder een interessante studie over heeft gepubliceerd. Mijn betrachting is om een specifieke deelproblematiek te bestuderen die al enige tijd ter discussie staat. Het gaat om gevallen waarin een partij tijdens de notariële fase van de vereffening-verdeling met bewijsnood kampt. Aangezien de opening van werkzaamheden reeds heeft plaatsgevonden, heeft de notaris-vereffenaar in principe het alleenrecht om geschillen bij de rechtbank aanhangig te maken. Niettemin legt die partij overeenkomstig artikel 19, derde lid Ger.W. een verzoek neer met het oog op het verkrijgen van een onderzoeksmaatregel door de rechter (in de meeste gevallen een overlegging van stukken of een deskundigenonderzoek). Het probleem is dat zij op die manier de specifieke bevoegdheden van de notaris-vereffenaar inzake de bewijs- en informatievergaring omzeilt. Tegelijkertijd zet zo’n actie de door de wetgever beoogde rolverdeling tussen de notaris-vereffenaar en de vereffeningsrechter op de helling. Daar komt nog bij dat het Hof van Cassatie zich in twee arresten van 10 maart 2022 over de kwestie heeft gebogen.".
• 01GTH3NYE93J4AQVFD5ZC700V3 abstract "The topic of dark side personality at work has received considerable research attention over the past decade, and both qualitative and quantitative reviews of this field have already been published. To show the relevance of dark personality in the work context, existing reviews have typically focused on systematically discussing the different criteria that have been linked to dark traits (e.g., job performance, work attitudes, leadership emergence, etc.). In contrast, and complementing this earlier work, the current review paper summarizes the available literature on this topic by structuring it in terms of the nature of the relationships studied rather than in terms of the types of outcome variables. Doing so, the focus shifts from "What are the outcomes of dark traits?" to "How are dark traits related to work outcomes?" Scrutinizing the nature of these relationships, we specifically focus on four types of effects (i.e., nonlinear, interactive, differential, and reciprocal) that highlight the complexity of how dark side traits operate in the work context. Structured this way, this review first provides a conceptual underpinning of each of these complex effects, followed by a summary of the empirical literature published over the past 10 years. To conclude, we present an integration of this field, provide suggestions for future research, and highlight concrete assessment challenges.".
• 01GTH3X8Y3DGZ1AZ17B6T19ER7 abstract "Young professional dancers find themselves in a demanding environment. GJH within dancers is often seen as aesthetically beneficial and a sign of talent but was found to be potentially disabling. Moreover, high-performing adolescents and young adults (HPAA), in this specific lifespan, might be even more vulnerable to anxiety-related disability. Therefore, we examined the development of the association between the presence of Generalized Joint Hypermobility (GJH) and anxiety within HPAA with a one-year follow-up. In 52.3% of the HPAA, anxiety did not change significantly over time, whereas GJH was present in 28.7%. Fatigue increased significantly in all HPAA at one year follow-up (respectively, females MD (SD) 18(19), p < 0.001 and males MD (SD) 9(19), p < 0.05). A significantly lower odds ratio (ss (95% CI) 0.4 (0.2-0.9); p-value 0.039) for participating in the second assessment was present in HPAA with GJH and anxiety with a 55% dropout rate after one year. This confirms the segregation between GJH combined with anxiety and GJH alone. The fatigue levels of all HPAA increased significantly over time to a serious risk for sick leave and work disability. This study confirms the association between GJH and anxiety but especially emphasizes the disabling role of anxiety. Screening for anxiety is relevant in HPAA with GJH and might influence tailored interventions.".
• 01GTH3X8YGZPX93VYK14SYBJ5X abstract "The purpose of this study was to study the association between the presence of generalized joint hypermobility (GJH) and anxiety within a non-clinical high performing group of adolescents and young adults. Second, to study the impact of GJH and/or anxiety on physical and psychosocial functioning, 168 adolescents and young adults (mean (SD) age 20 (2.9)) were screened. Joint (hyper)mobility, anxiety, and physical and psychosocial functioning were measured. In 48.8% of all high performing adolescents and young adults, GJH was present, whereas 60% had symptoms of anxiety. Linear models controlled for confounders showed that adolescents and young adults with GJH and anxiety had decreased workload (ss (95%CI) -0.43 (-0.8 to -0.08), p-value 0.02), increased fatigue (ss (95%CI) 12.97 (6.3-19.5), p-value < 0.01), and a higher level of pain catastrophizing (ss (95%CI) 4.5 (0.5-8.6), p-value 0.03). Adolescents and young adults with only anxiety had increased fatigue (ss (95%CI) 11 (4.9-19.5). In adolescents and young adults with GJH alone, no impact on physical and psychosocial functioning was found. Adolescents and young adults with the combination of GJH and anxiety were significantly more impaired, showing decreased physical and psychosocial functioning with decreased workload, increased fatigue, and pain catastrophizing. Presence of GJH alone had no negative impact on physical and psychosocial functioning. This study confirms the association between GJH and anxiety, but especially emphasizes the disabling role of anxiety. Screening for anxiety is relevant in adolescents and young adults with GJH and might influence tailored interventions.".
• 01GTH3X8YT6H3Z7WP7V1RHAQCH abstract "PurposeTo describe the impairments in physical fitness in individuals who were previously diagnosed and treated for childhood cancer.MethodsUsing the PRISMA-guidelines, a systematic search was performed in PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase using a combination of the following predefined keywords: exercise capacity OR aerobic capacity OR fitness OR cardiorespiratory fitness OR cardiopulmonary fitness OR physical fitness OR exercise testing OR exercise tolerance OR exercise OR oxygen consumption AND leukemia OR childhood cancer OR childhood cancer survivors (CCS). Studies that met our inclusion criteria were reviewed on methodological quality, while the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale was used for evidence synthesis.ResultsA total of 2644 articles were identified from the database search. After screening based on the eligibility (abstracts) and inclusion (full texts) criteria, 49 articles remained. Even though the risk-of-bias scores in the studies were generally low, yet the results from those with high-quality studies revealed that poor fitness levels were prevalent in individuals with acute lymphoblastic leukemia, brain tumor, and mixed cancer histories, compared to healthy controls.ConclusionsA global glance at CCS shows poor levels of fitness that is continuous and life-long even after active cancer treatment has ended. Nevertheless, the results presented in this review were based on a limited number of high-quality studies suggesting the need to for additional clinical trials in the topic area.".
• 01GTH562F6TH0YC2KJ8N9368DV abstract "Objectives (1) To develop reference values for health-related fitness in European children and adolescents aged 6-18 years that are the foundation for the web-based, open-access and multilanguage fitness platform (FitBack); (2) to provide comparisons across European countries.Methods This study builds on a previous large fitness reference study in European youth by (1) widening the age demographic, (2) identifying the most recent and representative country-level data and (3) including national data from existing fitness surveillance and monitoring systems. We used the Assessing Levels of PHysical Activity and fitness at population level (ALPHA) test battery as it comprises tests with the highest test-retest reliability, criterion/construct validity and health-related predictive validity: the 20 m shuttle run (cardiorespiratory fitness); handgrip strength and standing long jump (muscular strength); and body height, body mass, body mass index and waist circumference (anthropometry). Percentile values were obtained using the generalised additive models for location, scale and shape method.Results A total of 7 966 693 test results from 34 countries (106 datasets) were used to develop sex-specific and age-specific percentile values. In addition, country-level rankings based on mean percentiles are provided for each fitness test, as well as an overall fitness ranking. Finally, an interactive fitness platform, including individual and group reporting and European fitness maps, is provided and freely available online ().Conclusion This study discusses the major implications of fitness assessment in youth from health, educational and sport perspectives, and how the FitBack reference values and interactive web-based platform contribute to it. Fitness testing can be conducted in school and/or sport settings, and the interpreted results be integrated in the healthcare systems across Europe.".
• 01GTH6H43HN01KHR72T9N3BQVM abstract "The use of blood-based extracellular RNA (exRNA) as clinical biomarker requires a validated procedure for sample collection, processing and profiling. So far, no study has systematically addressed the pre-analytical variables affecting transcriptome analysis of exRNAs. In the exRNAQC study, we evaluated 10 blood collection tubes, 3 time points between blood draw and processing, and 8 RNA purification methods using the supplier-specified minimum and maximum input volumes. The impact of these pre-analytics is assessed by transcriptome profiling of both small and messenger RNA from healthy donors' plasma or serum. Experiments are conducted in triplicate (a total of 276 transcriptomes) using 189 spike-in RNAs as processing controls. When comparing blood tubes, serum mRNA is very similar to EDTA plasma mRNA, but serum-derived small RNAs are markedly different in biotype composition compared to their plasma counterparts. Furthermore, dedicated blood preservation tubes do not stabilize RNA very well, as is reflected by increasing RNA concentration and number of detected genes over time, and by compromised reproducibility. We also document large differences in RNA purification kit performance in terms of sensitivity, reproducibility, and observed transcriptome complexity. Among others, we note a 50-fold difference in mRNA yield and a 5-fold difference in the number of detected mRNAs. Our results are summarized in 9 performance metrics that enable an informed selection of the most optimal sample processing workflow. In conclusion, we put forward robust quality control metrics for exRNA quantification methods with validated processing SOPs, representing paramount groundwork for future exRNA-based precision medicine applications.".
• 01GTH6QRQWYCCY9HF4E3CD4A8N abstract "Background Artificial intelligence (AI) holds tremendous potential to reduce surgical risks and improve surgical assessment. Machine learning, a subfield of AI, can be used to analyze surgical video and imaging data. Manual annotations provide veracity about the desired target features. Yet, methodological annotation explorations are limited to date. Here, we provide an exploratory analysis of the requirements and methods of instrument annotation in a multi-institutional team from two specialized AI centers and compile our lessons learned. Methods We developed a bottom-up approach for team annotation of robotic instruments in robot-assisted partial nephrectomy (RAPN), which was subsequently validated in robot-assisted minimally invasive esophagectomy (RAMIE). Furthermore, instrument annotation methods were evaluated for their use in Machine Learning algorithms. Overall, we evaluated the efficiency and transferability of the proposed team approach and quantified performance metrics (e.g., time per frame required for each annotation modality) between RAPN and RAMIE. Results We found a 0.05 Hz image sampling frequency to be adequate for instrument annotation. The bottom-up approach in annotation training and management resulted in accurate annotations and demonstrated efficiency in annotating large datasets. The proposed annotation methodology was transferrable between both RAPN and RAMIE. The average annotation time for RAPN pixel annotation ranged from 4.49 to 12.6 min per image; for vector annotation, we denote 2.92 min per image. Similar annotation times were found for RAMIE. Lastly, we elaborate on common pitfalls encountered throughout the annotation process. Conclusions We propose a successful bottom-up approach for annotator team composition, applicable to any surgical annotation project. Our results set the foundation to start AI projects for instrument detection, segmentation, and pose estimation. Due to the immense annotation burden resulting from spatial instrumental annotation, further analysis into sampling frequency and annotation detail needs to be conducted.".
• 01GTH7SC75F68S8Z8H42D2SA5D abstract "In patients with ATP7A-related disorders, counseling is challenging due to clinical overlap between the entities, the absence of predictive biomarkers and a clear genotype-phenotype correlation. We performed a systematic literature review by querying the MEDLINE and Embase databases identifying 143 relevant papers. We recorded data on the phenotype and genotype in 162 individuals with a molecularly confirmed ATP7A-related disorder in order to identify differentiating clinical criteria, evaluate genotype-phenotype correlations and propose management guidelines.Early seizures are specific for classical Menkes disease (CMD), that is characterized by early-onset neurodegenerative disease with high mortality rates. Ataxia is an independent indicator for atypical Menkes disease, that shows better survival rates than CMD. Bony exostoses, radial head dislocations, herniations and dental abnormalities are specific for occipital horn syndrome (OHS) that may further present with developmental delay and connective tissue manifestations. Intracranial tortuosity and bladder diverticula, both with high risk of complications, are common among all subtypes. Low ceruloplasmin is a more sensitive and discriminating biomarker for ATP7A-related disorders than serum copper. Truncating mutations are frequently associated with CMD, in contrast with splice site and intronic mutations which are more prevalent in OHS.".
• 01GTH8RSPG3B5S3P3NE5MQ9KTF abstract "Several barriers prevent the integration and adoption of augmented reality (AR) in robotic renal surgery despite the increased availability of virtual three-dimensional (3D) models. Apart from correct model alignment and deformation, not all instruments are clearly visible in AR. Superimposition of a 3D model on top of the surgical stream, including the instruments, can result in a potentially hazardous surgical situation. We demonstrate real-time instrument detection during AR-guided robotassisted partial nephrectomy and show the generalization of our algorithm to ARguided robot-assisted kidney transplantation. We developed an algorithm using deep learning networks to detect all nonorganic items. This algorithm learned to extract this information for 65 927 manually labeled instruments on 15 100 frames. Our setup, which runs on a standalone laptop, was deployed in three different hospitals and used by four different surgeons. Instrument detection is a simple and feasible way to enhance the safety of AR-guided surgery. Future investigations should strive to optimize efficient video processing to minimize the 0.5-s delay".
• 01GTHAPK3HBXYJESEVHXQZTB64 abstract "In search of easily accessible biomarkers, extracellular RNAs (exRNAs) have emerged as potential candidates. Unfortunately, exRNA quantification is influenced by many pre-analytical variables whose impact is still unknown and this complicates the comparison and integration of research findings. A comprehensive quality control study for blood-based liquid biopsies, evaluating these pre-analytical variables in a controlled and systematic manner, is currently lacking. Therefore, we initiated the exRNA quality control (exRNAQC) study to systematically evaluate the effect of the type of blood collection tube (n=10), time between blood draw and plasma preparation (n=3), centrifugation speed during plasma preparation (n=5), input volume and RNA purification method (n=8). The impact of these factors is assessed by unbiased transcriptome exRNA profiling of all microRNAs and messenger RNAs from healthy donors’ plasma using established RNA-sequencing workflows. In the first phase of our study, we assessed the impact of each pre-analytical variable separately. We observed differences in RNA purification kit performance in terms of reproducibility, yield (up to 37-fold) and transcriptome complexity (2500 vs 15 000 genes detected). We are currently analyzing the blood collection tube exRNA profiles. Once all pre-analytical variables are evaluated separately, we will integrate our findings into a full factorial experiment and plan dedicated follow-up experiments to validate our results. Using this systematic approach, we aim to develop quality control metrics and guidelines for the study of exRNA in order to facilitate further progress in the field.".
• 01GTHBHME69AYFNTPG0NYZJK7E abstract "Abstract Vertebral fractures (VF) are common in older men but data on VF prevalence in young men is limited. The aim of this study was to describe the prevalence of VF and non-fracture vertebral deformities (VD) in healthy young to middle-aged men, and compare the characteristics of men with normal vertebrae, VF and VD. In this cross-sectional study, vertebral fracture assessment by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry was performed in 650 men, aged 32 to 60 years (mean 46.2), from the population-based SIBLOS-SIBEX cohort. For VF and VD assessment, both the modified algorithm-based qualitative approach (morphologic criteria) to discriminate VF from VD and the semi-quantitative (morphometric) grading system of Genant (GSQ) were used. We found 48 (0.6%) fractured vertebrae, of which 15 were classified grade 1, 29 grade 2 and 4 grade 3 VF. There were 378 (4.7%) VD, of which 296 were scored grade 1, 82 grade 2 and none grade 3 VD. Twenty-six participants (4%) had VF, 15 had one and 11 had 2 or more VF. Two hundred and twenty-eight (35.1%) men had VD. Femoral neck, total hip and lumbar spine areal bone mineral density (aBMD) were lower in men with VF than in those with normal vertebrae or VD. Men with VD, in turn, had aBMD values similar to men with normal vertebrae. Our results suggest that -even in young healthy men-using the GSQ without taking qualitative aspects into account overestimates VF prevalence, confirming the importance of morphologic criteria to correctly diagnose and distinguish VF from VD.".
• 01GTHBYPSXSMGZ0CYB979Z4WS2 abstract "In a financial accounting course, it is important that students review the learning material multiple times throughout the semester. Nonetheless, procrastination behaviour is adopted by many accounting students. Procrastination behaviour, induced by low self-efficacy, is harmful as it leads to higher test anxiety. Hence, interventions are suggested to favourably influence procrastination. Based on Astin's (1984) theoretical Input–Environment–Output model, this study investigates the potential of voluntary online exercises — online formative assessments (OFAs) — to increase self-efficacy and decrease test anxiety. The setting involves a quasi-experiment in a financial accounting course. Quantitative OFA log data are used (N = 762), as well as survey data, measuring self-efficacy and test anxiety at the beginning and the end of the semester. Qualitative focus group data verifies if the quantitative results are in line with students' OFA perceptions. Findings show that (1) during the semester, students' self-efficacy decreases and test anxiety increases, (2) students using OFA experience an increase in self-efficacy, and (3) those students also tend to experience lower test anxiety. Students confirm these favourable effects based on their experiences with the OFAs. This paper contributes to accounting education by demonstrating how OFAs support accounting students to increase self-efficacy and decrease test anxiety.".
• 01GTHCGE36QFHSAKGYMF368AB1 abstract "According to the free hormone hypothesis, biological activity of a certain hormone is best reflected by free rather than total hormone concentrations. A crucial element in this theory is the presence of binding proteins, which function as gatekeepers for steroid action. For testosterone, tissue exposure is governed by a delicate equilibrium between free and total testosterone which is determined through interaction with the binding proteins sex hormone-binding globulin and albumin. Ageing, genetics and various pathological conditions influence this equilibrium, hereby possibly modulating hormonal exposure to the target tissues. Despite ongoing controversy on the subject, strong evidence from recent in vitro, in vivo and human experiments emphasizes the relevance of free testosterone. Currently, however, clinical possibilities for free hormone diagnostics are limited. Direct immunoassays are inaccurate, while gold standard liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS) coupled equilibrium dialysis is not available for clinical routine. Calculation models for free testosterone, despite intrinsic limitations, provide a suitable alternative, of which the Vermeulen calculator is currently the preferred method. Calculated free testosterone is indeed associated with bone health, frailty and other clinical endpoints. Moreover, the added value of free testosterone in the clinical diagnosis of male hypogonadism is clearly evident. In suspected hypogonadal men in whom borderline low total testosterone and/or altered sex hormone-binding globulin levels are detected, the determination of free testosterone avoids under- and overdiagnosis, facilitating adequate prescription of hormonal replacement therapy. As such, free testosterone should be integrated as a standard biochemical parameter, on top of total testosterone, in the diagnostic workflow of male hypogonadism.".
• 01GTHCW5JXT5AZK2VKWHRB3MB6 abstract "Although standards and guidelines for the interpretation of variants identified in genes that cause Mendelian disorders have been developed, this is not the case for more complex genetic models including variant combinations in multiple genes. During a large curation process conducted on 318 research articles presenting oligogenic variant combinations, we encountered several recurring issues concerning their proper reporting and pathogenicity assessment. These mainly concern the absence of strong evidence that refutes a monogenic model and the lack of a proper genetic and functional assessment of the joint effect of the involved variants. With the increasing accumulation of such cases, it has become essential to develop standards and guidelines on how these oligogenic/multilocus variant combinations should be interpreted, validated, and reported in order to provide high-quality data and supporting evidence to the scientific community.".
• 01GTHDCAGNECB993XD5VN2C539 abstract "Differences of sex development and maturation (SDM) represent a heterogeneous puzzle of rare conditions with a large genetic component whose management and treatment could be improved by an accurate classification of underlying molecular conditions, and next-generation sequencing (NGS) should represent the most appropriate approach. Therefore, we conducted a survey dedicated to the use and potential outcomes of NGS for SDM disorders diagnosis among the 53 health care providers (HCP) of the European Reference Network for rare endocrine conditions. The response rate was 49% with a total of 26 HCPs from 13 countries. All HCPs, except 1, performed NGS investigations for SDM disorders on 6720 patients, 3764 (56%) with differences of sex development (DSD), including 811 unexplained primary ovarian insufficiency, and 2956 (44%) with congenital hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (CHH). The approaches varied from targeted analysis of custom gene panels (range: 11-490 genes) in 81.5% of cases or whole exome sequencing with the extraction of a virtual panel in the remaining cases. These analyses were performed for diagnostic purposes in 21 HCPs, supported by the National Health Systems in 16 cases. The likelihood of finding a variant ranged between 7 and 60%, mainly depending upon the number of analysed genes or criteria used for reporting, most HCPs also reporting variants of uncertain significance. These data illustrate the status of genetic diagnosis of DSD and CHH across Europe. In most countries, these analyses are performed for diagnostic purposes, yielding highly variable results, thus suggesting the need for harmonization and general improvements of NGS approaches.".
• 01GTHDHJDNJZXSEYWN800H6PTH abstract "North Carolina macular dystrophy (NCMD) is a rare autosomal-dominant disease affecting macular development. The disease is caused by non-coding single-nucleotide variants (SNVs) in two hotspot regions near PRDM13 and by duplications in two distinct chromosomal loci, overlapping DNase I hypersensitive sites near either PRDM13 or IRX1. To unravel the mechanisms by which these variants cause disease, we first established a genome-wide multi-omics retinal database, RegRet. Integration of UMI-4C profiles we generated on adult human retina then allowed fine-mapping of the interactions of the PRDM13 and IRX1 promoters and the identification of eighteen candidate cis-regulatory elements (cCRE5), the activity of which was investigated by luciferase and Xenopus enhancer assays. Next, luciferase assays showed that the non-coding SNVs located in the two hotspot regions of PRDM13 affect cCRE activity, including two NCMDassociated non-coding SNVs that we identified herein. Interestingly, the cCRE containing one of these SNVs was shown to interact with the PRDM13 promoter, demonstrated in vivo activity in Xenopus, and is active at the developmental stage when progenitor cells of the central retina exit mitosis, suggesting that this region is a PRDM13 enhancer. Finally, mining of single-cell transcriptional data of embryonic and adult retina revealed the highest expression of PRDM13 and IRX1 when amacrine cells start to synapse with retinal ganglion cells, supporting the hypothesis that altered PRDM13 or IRX1 expression impairs interactions between these cells during retinogenesis. Overall, this study provides insight into the cis-regulatory mechanisms of NCMD and supports that this condition is a retinal enhanceropathy.".
• 01GTHE1H6DXP99A1Q3GXP7X5E6 abstract "We present the case of a 65-year-old patient who was admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) due to Covid-19 respiratory failure. During his hospital stay, he developed a spontaneous pneumomediastinum (SP). To date, there have been few reports of SP associated with Covid-19 and even less is known about the impact of positive pressure ventilation on these patients. Our patient was first treated with high-flow nasal cannula oxygen therapy (HFNC). Because of further respiratory deterioration, he was supported with non-invasive ventilation (NIV). Later, he required intubation and ventilation with invasive positive pressure ventilation. Despite this, a complete spontaneous resolution of the pneumomediastinum was observed 13 days after the initial diagnosis.".
• 01GTHEKECMEFD652MAHJK7M9FE abstract "A 63-year-old man with spells of reduced consciousness in the morning and a giant abdominal mass presented to our institution for a second opinion. Investigation revealed non-diabetic hypoinsulinemic hypoglycemic events. Removal of the abdominal mass solved the hypoglycemia. Anatomopathological examination confirmed a solitary fibrous tumor (SFT). Doege-Potter syndrome was diagnosed. Doege-Potter syndrome is a potentially life-threatening rare paraneoplastic syndrome characterized by recurrent hypoinsulinemic hypoglycemia due to the overproduction of a prohormone form of insulin-like growth factor-II (pro-IGF-II) from a solitary fibrous tumor. First, we describe the clinical, laboratory and radiologic findings of the case. Second, a brief literature review on Doege-Potter syndrome is provided.".
• 01GTHEVYCZYEWACGEMQGN894GE abstract "Purpose:To clinically and molecularly study a newly found family with North Carolina macular dystrophy (NCMD/MCDR1) from Mexico. Methods:This retrospective study comprised 6 members of a 3-generation Mexican family with NCMD. Clinical ophthalmic examinations, including fundus imaging, spectral-domain optical coherence tomography, electroretinography, and electrooculography, were performed. Genotyping with polymorphic markers in the MCDR1 region was performed to determine haplotypes. Whole-genome sequencing (WGS) was performed followed by variant filtering and copy number variant analysis. Results:Four subjects from 3 generations were found to have macular abnormalities. The proband presented with lifelong bilateral vision impairment with bilaterally symmetric vitelliform Best disease-like appearing macular lesions. Her 2 children had bilateral large macular coloboma-like malformations, consistent with autosomal dominant NCMD. The 80-year-old mother of the proband had drusen-like lesions consistent with grade 1 NCMD. WGS and subsequent Sanger sequencing found a point mutation at chr6:99593030G>C (hg38) in the noncoding region of the DNase I site thought to be a regulatory element of the retinal transcription factor gene PRDM13. This mutation is the identical site/nucleotide as in the original NCMD family (#765) but is a guanine to cytosine change rather than a guanine to thymine mutation, as found in the original NCMD family. Conclusions:We report a new noncoding mutation at the same locus (chr6:99593030G>C) involving the same DNase I site regulating the retinal transcription factor gene PRDM13. This suggests that this site, chr6:99593030, is a mutational hotspot.".
• 01GTHFDXTBF85FKDTZYVCG0KHK abstract "Development of EOSC is influenced by the parallel development at the national and regional levels. Requirements for open data, data protection and cross border data access rely on a common understanding of existing regulations procedures in countries and their differences. This deliverable presents the legal and organisational aspects of services delivery in a federated environment and recommends actions that enable service providers to position their services for improved interoperation in the context of the EOSC services landscape. The objectives of this deliverable are: a study of the legal and policy state of the art in the involved countries, highlighting commonalities to be leveraged and gaps or challenges to be tackled in order to help harmonise and improve the national policies and strategies related to FAIR data and Open Science, proposing recommendations for the rules and procedures with respect to legal issues regarding open access and open data, proposing policy recommendations for services management, focusing on the management of service level agreements, and delivering a blueprint for EOSC which can be used by service providers as a guideline for legal aspects of service and data provisioning in a European and an international context The document sketches a policy and legal framework by building upon the existing national policies, delivers recommendations, and considers the aspects that come with agreement on service delivery in a federated IT landscape. These can help to establish a governance structure for service providers and other organisations that handle scientific data. The checklist is also available as a separate, actionable, document: interactive digital version: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6327668 printable version: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6327691 The recommendations are also available as a separate digital document: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6451312".
• 01GTHG6CZ9MX7CWR1PXJKR1Y18 abstract "This deliverable reports on the activities and results of Tasks 5.3, Helpdesk, and documentation for promoting FAIR practices and support to FAIR oriented data stewardship, and Task 5.4, Training modules on FAIR oriented research data management tools and solutions, during the second reporting period (January 1st, 2021, to December 31st, 2022). The document provides an update and builds upon the results reported in D5.4".
• 01GTHM7AEFZN75ZKYQ433H1E9Z abstract "Intersectionality’s roots in anti-discrimination law were essential to its conception and development. However, anti-discrimination law is, by nature, tied to formal equality, exacerbates some of intersectionality’s most criticised aspects, and is ill-equipped to implement a more structural/systemic vision of intersectionality. Substantive IHRL, by contrast, may be better suited to implement some of intersectionality’s most promising elements. Since its focus is on the substantive realisation of rights rather than on equal access to rights, substantive IHRL could be a tool to achieve substantive equality and counter structural oppression. To this end, substantive IHRL contains existing interpretative principles (e.g. anti-stereotyping and vulnerability reasoning) that could be employed to encourage intersectional reasoning and redress by monitoring bodies. This contribution will explore how, based on these factors, substantive IHRL may help bridge the gap between intersectional analysis/critique and “doing intersectionality” in practice. Keywords: intersectionality, international human rights law, human rights, structural oppression.".
• 01GTHNJ35DB4F67GHPG3BX6KTY abstract "Purpose: In up to 20% of patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc) no known autoantibody specificity can be iden-tified. Recently discovered autoantigens, such as telomeric repeat binding factor 1 (TERF1), as well as established autoantigens, like RuvBL1/2, are associated with telomere and telomerase biology. We aimed to identify new telomere-and telomerase-associated autoantigens in patients with SSc without known autoantibody specificity.Methods: Unlabelled protein immunoprecipitation combined with gel-free liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (IP-MS) was performed with sera of 106 patients with SSc from two tertiary referral centres that had a nuclear pattern on HEp-2 indirect immunofluorescence without previously identified autoantibody. Telomere-or telomerase-associated proteins or protein complexes precipitated by individual sera were identified. Candidate autoantigens were confirmed through immunoprecipitation-western blot (IP-WB). A custom Luminex xMAP assay for 5 proteins was evaluated with sera from persons with SSc (n = 467), other systemic autoimmune rheumatic diseases (n = 923), non-rheumatic disease controls (n = 187) and healthy controls (n = 199).Results: Eight telomere-and telomerase-associated autoantigens were identified in a total of 11 index patients, including the THO complex (n = 3, all with interstitial lung disease and two with cardiac involvement), telomeric repeat-binding factor 2 (TERF2, n = 1), homeobox-containing protein 1 (HMBOX1, n = 2), regulator of chromosome condensation 1 (RCC1, n = 1), nucleolar and coiled-body phosphoprotein 1 (NOLC1, n = 1), dyskerin (DKC1, n = 1), probable 28S rRNA (cytosine(4447)-C(5))-methyltransferase (NOP2, n = 1) and nuclear valosin-containing protein-like (NVL, n = 2). A Luminex xMAP assay for THO complex subunit 1 (THOC1), TERF2, NOLC1, NOP2 and NVL revealed high reactivity in all index patients, but also in other patients with SSc and disease controls. However, the reactivity by xMAP assay in these other patients was not confirmed by IP-WB.Conclusion: IP-MS revealed key telomere-and telomerase-associated proteins and protein complexes as auto -antigens in patients with SSc.".
• 01GTHNW39P2N64B8TNZVHG9H0T abstract "Objectives No reference data are available on repositories to measure precision of autoantibody assays. The scope of this study was to document inter- and intra-run variations of quantitative autoantibody assays based on a real-world large international data set. Methods Members of the European Autoimmunity Standardisation Initiative (EASI) group collected the data of intra- and inter-run variability obtained with assays quantifying 15 different autoantibodies in voluntary participating laboratories from their country. We analyzed the impact on the assay performances of the type of immunoassay, the number of measurements used to calculate the coefficient of variation (CVs), the nature and the autoantibody level of the internal quality control (IQC). Results Data were obtained from 64 laboratories from 15 European countries between February and October 2021. We analyzed 686 and 1,331 values of intra- and inter-run CVs, respectively. Both CVs were significantly dependent on: the method of immunoassay, the level of IQC with higher imprecision observed when the antibody levels were lower than 2-fold the threshold for positivity, and the nature of the IQC with commercial IQCs having lower CVs than patients-derived IQCs. Our analyses also show that the type of autoantibody has low impact on the assay' performances and that 15 measurements are sufficient to establish reliable intra- and inter-run variations. Conclusions This study provides for the first time an international repository yielding values of intra- and inter-run variation for quantitative autoantibody assays. These data could be useful for ISO 15189 accreditation requirements and will allow clinical diagnostic laboratories to assure quality of patient results.".
• 01GTHNX77HNPP7WFZGRB9B9NBQ abstract "Introduction Commercial assays measuring antibodies to citrullinated protein/peptide (ACPA) show poor quantitative agreement. The diagnostic industry has never adopted the International Union of Immunological Societies-Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (IUIS-CDC) ACPA reference standard. Recently, the National Institute for Biological Standards and Control (NIBSC) prepared a new candidate ACPA standard (18/204). We evaluated both reference materials using different commercially available ACPA assays. Materials and methods This is an international study in which the NIBSC candidate ACPA standard and the IUIS-CDC ACPA reference material were analysed together with 398 diagnostic samples from individuals with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and in 1073 individuals who did not have RA using nine commercial ACPA assays. Results For both reference materials and samples from individuals with RA and individuals who did not have RA, there were large differences in quantitative ACPA results between assays. For most assays, values for the IUIS-CDC standard were lower than values for NIBSC 18/204 and the IUIS-CDC/NIBSC ratio was comparable for several, but not all assays. When NIBSC 18/204 was used as a calibrator, an improvement in alignment of ACPA results across several of the evaluated assays was obtained. Moreover, NIBSC 18/204 could align clinical interpretation for some but not all assays. Conclusion Adoption of an international standard for ACPA determination is highly desirable. The candidate NIBSC 18/204 standard improved the standardisation and alignment of most ACPA assays and might therefore be recommended to be used as reference in commercial assays.".
• 01GTHNYC9Y0YA1EFHQHQC69JWB abstract "Objective: We conducted a systematic review, on behalf of the EULAR Study Group on Microcirculation in Rheumatic Diseases (EULAR SG MC/RD), to investigate the value of nailfold videocapillaroscopy (NVC) in idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIM). Methods: Three electronic databases were systematically searched to find all relevant manuscripts reporting NVC outcomes in IIM patients. Articles were assessed based on study design, population, NVC methodology and description of NVC results. To allow comparison between the articles, all NVC results were interpreted according to standardised capillaroscopic terminology, as previously consented by the EULAR SG MC/RD and the Scleroderma Clinical Trials Consortium (SCTC) Group on Capillaroscopy. Results: Of the 653 identified records; five were retained after critical appraisal on title, abstract and manuscript level. A marked difference in NVC was observed between (juvenile) dermatomyositis [(j)DM] versus polymyo-sitis, healthy controls and systemic sclerosis patients. In addition, reduced capillary density and scleroderma pattern seem to be associated with active disease in (j)DM, while immunosuppressive treatment appears to reduce NVC abnormalities. Conclusion: This is the first systematic review investigating NVC in IIM, interpreting the results according to an international consented standardised manner, as proposed by the EULAR SG MC/RD and SCTC Group on Capillaroscopy. We can conclude that NVC presents a promising asset in the diagnosis of (j)DM. Moreover, NVC could be a biomarker for organ involvement and follow-up. Large multicentre prospective standardised studies are further needed to definitely describe associations with clinical and laboratory parameters in the different IIM subtypes.".
• 01GTHP0BTJJFYEH387QQ97HYE6 abstract "Nowadays, the importance of detection of myositis-specific antibodies (MSA) and myositis-associated antibodies (MAA) in diagnosis and in delineating disease subsets of idiopathic inflammatory myopathy (IIM) is highly acknowledged by IIM experts. Consequently, MSA/MAA are increasingly integrated in expert-based myositis (sub)classification criteria as well as in routine diagnostics. In contrast, MSA/MAA are under-represented in data-based (sub)classification criteria, mostly related to the lack of sufficient data on the wide spectrum of MSA/MAA in large multicenter cohorts. Unfortunately, the current commercially available assays to detect MSA/MAA show variable analytical and clinical performance characteristics. This challenges the design of prospective multicenter studies on MSA/MAA as well as the optimization of their routine clinical use. Additional validation studies and continuous harmonization initiatives on MSA/MAA detection from the pre-analytical to the post-analytical phase (e.g. from defining request criteria to guidelines for reporting), will be needed to overcome these hurdles. To speed up this process, we encourage close collaborations between IIM clinical experts, laboratory professionals and diagnostic companies.".
• 01GTHP36SNTMRC1QN8087EAB51 abstract "The ACR/EULAR classification criteria for systemic sclerosis (SSc) entail three autoantibodies: anti-centromere antibodies (ACA), anti-topoisomerase I antibodies (ATA), and anti-RNA-polymerase III antibodies (ARA). The importance of ACA and ATA in the classification criteria is evidence based, but the diagnostic value is overestimated by clinicians. Fortunately, these autoantibodies are characterized by good agreement between different immuno-assays. Inclusion of ARA, however, is based on limited evidence and is related to limited agreement between different immuno-assays. Harmonization of immuno-assays in terms of interpretation based on likelihood ratio's may improve future classification criteria for SSc and this needs to be achieved by close collaboration between clinicians, laboratory specialists and the diagnostic industry.".
• 01GTHP8D18MS37859WG0S97WK1 abstract "Antibodies to dsDNA are an important laboratory parameter for diagnosis, monitoring and classification of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). In clinical laboratories, several techniques are used to detect and quantify anti-dsDNA antibodies. Each technique has its advantages and disadvantages regarding sensitivity, specificity, avidity and assay procedure. Assays differ with respect to the antigen source (native versus synthetic versus molecular biological) used and the way the antigen is presented (e.g. in solution, covalently linked to a solid phase,...). Consequently, correlation between assays can be poor and standardization of anti-dsDNA antibody tests is challenging. We here provide an overview of the currently available anti-dsDNA tests frequently used in clinical laboratories [Crithidia luciliae immunofluorescence test (CLIFT), Enzyme linked immune sorbent assay (ELISA), fluoroenzyme immunoassay (FEIA), chemiluminisence immunoassay (CIA), multiplexed bead-based assays and Farr-RIA] and their performance characteristics. From this literature study, we concluded that performance characteristics differ between assays. Often, a combination of techniques is necessary for the best result interpretation.".
• 01GTHPB70BKV6YH1B2BMEMRDP3 abstract "Introduction Common Variable Immunodeficiency (CVID) is characterized by defective antibody production and hypogammaglobulinemia. Flow cytometry immunophenotyping of blood lymphocytes has become of great relevance for the diagnosis and classification of CVID, due to an impaired differentiation of mature post-germinal-center (GC) class-switched memory B-cells (MBC) and severely decreased plasmablast/plasma cell (Pb) counts. Here, we investigated in detail the pre-GC B-cell maturation compartment in blood of CVID patients. Methods In this collaborative multicentric study the EuroFlow PID 8-color Pre-GC B-cell tube, standardized sample preparation procedures (SOPs) and innovative data analysis tools, were used to characterize the maturation profile of pre-GC B-cells in 100 CVID patients, vs 62 age-matched healthy donors (HD). Results The Pre-GC B-cell tube allowed identification within pre-GC B-cells of three subsets of maturation associated immature B-cells and three subpopulations of mature naive B-lymphocytes. CVID patients showed overall reduced median absolute counts (vs HD) of the two more advanced stages of maturation of both CD5(+) CD38(+/++) CD21(het) CD24(++) (2.7 vs 5.6 cells/mu l, p=0.0004) and CD5(+) CD38(het) CD21(+) CD24(+) (6.5 vs 17 cells/mu l, p<0.0001) immature B cells (below normal HD levels in 22% and 37% of CVID patients). This was associated with an expansion of CD21(-)CD24(-) (6.1 vs 0.74 cells/mu l, p<0.0001) and CD21(-)CD24(++) (1.8 vs 0.4 cells/mu l, p<0.0001) naive B-cell counts above normal values in 73% and 94% cases, respectively. Additionally, reduced IgMD(+) (21 vs 32 cells/mu l, p=0.03) and IgMD(-) (4 vs 35 cells/mu l, p<0.0001) MBC counts were found to be below normal values in 25% and 77% of CVID patients, respectively, always together with severely reduced/undetectable circulating blood pb. Comparison of the maturation pathway profile of pre-GC B cells in blood of CVID patients vs HD using EuroFlow software tools showed systematically altered patterns in CVID. These consisted of: i) a normally-appearing maturation pathway with altered levels of expression of >1 (CD38, CD5, CD19, CD21, CD24, and/or smIgM) phenotypic marker (57/88 patients; 65%) for a total of 3 distinct CVID patient profiles (group 1: 42/88 patients, 48%; group 2: 8/88, 9%; and group 3: 7/88, 8%) and ii) CVID patients with a clearly altered pre-GC B cell maturation pathway in blood (group 4: 31/88 cases, 35%). Conclusion Our results show that maturation of pre-GC B-cells in blood of CVID is systematically altered with up to four distinctly altered maturation profiles. Further studies, are necessary to better understand the impact of such alterations on the post-GC defects and the clinical heterogeneity of CVID.".
• 01GTJ2EY5WNNWK979ZESR020N9 abstract "Increasing electrode thickness is gaining more attention as a potential route to increase energy density for Li ion batteries although the realizable capacity and rate capability are usually limited by Li+ ion diffusion during (dis)charge, especially at increased (dis)charge rates. It remains challenging to visualize and quantify the low atomic number Li+ chemical stoichiometry distribution inside the electrode within commercially standard battery geometry, e.g. coin cells with stainless steel casings. Here, we map the distribution of Li + chemical stoichiometry in the electrode microstructure inside a working coin cell battery to show the amount of electrode materials contributing to energy storage performance using innovative in situ correlative full -field X-ray Compton scattering imaging (XCS-I) and X-ray computed tomography (XCT). We design and fabricate an ultra-thick (-1 mm) cathode of LiNi0.8Mn0.1Co0.1O2 with a microstructure containing vertically oriented pore arrays using a directional ice templating method. This novel technique paves a new way to map low atomic number elements in 3D structures and study how the microstructure improves Li + ion diffusivity and energy storage performance.".
• 01GTJ2VN1XKK330Z81CE6M3WA9 abstract "Dual-phase x-ray grating interferometry (DP-XGI) is a recently developed imaging technique that can retrieve structural information in the sub-micro scale over areas in the millimeter range. This is performed by use of the scattering signal, which is sensitive to structures that lie below the intrinsic spatial resolution of the imaging system. A quantitative understanding of the microstructure is possible when the scattering signal is retrieved within a range of auto-correlation lengths of the features of interest. High visibility of fringes in this length range is desirable, but no straightforward framework exists for choosing design parameters of the imaging system for such optimization. The purpose of this work is to present an optimization protocol for DP-XGI based on a Fresnel propagation simulation framework which evaluates different parameters of the optical system, utilizing the mean visibility of the fringes at the detector plane as a figure of merit to optimize the DP-XGI for a conventional lab x-ray source. The performance of the numerical simulation with realistic component parameters is validated with the experimental results obtained at a lab-based setup. The results of the validation confirm the robustness of the model for the evaluation of the different components of the interferometer and its optimization at low and high energies.".
• 01GTJ36HQEQS82H831A63PN26D abstract "Background Interstitial lung abnormalities (ILAs) reflect imaging features on lung CT scans that are compatible with (early) interstitial lung disease. Despite accumulating evidence regarding the incidence, risk factors, and prognosis of ILAs, the histopathologic correlates of ILAs remain elusive. Purpose To determine the correlation between radiologic and histopathologic findings in CT-defined ILAs in human lung explants. Materials and Methods Explanted lungs or lobes from participants with radiologically documented ILAs were prospectively collected from 2010 to 2021. These specimens were air-inflated, frozen, and scanned with CT and micro-CT (spatial resolution of 0.7 mm and 90 μm, respectively). Subsequently, the lungs were cut and sampled with core biopsies. At least five samples per lung underwent micro-CT and subsequent histopathologic assessment with semiquantitative remodeling scorings. Based on area-specific radiologic scoring, the association between radiologic and histopathologic findings was assessed. Results Eight lung explants from six donors (median age at explantation, 71 years [range, 60–83 years]; four men) were included (unused donor lungs, n = 4; pre-emptive lobectomy for oncologic indications, n = 2). Ex vivo CT demonstrated ground-glass opacification, reticulation, and bronchiectasis. Micro-CT and histopathologic examination demonstrated that lung abnormalities were frequently paraseptal and associated with fibrosis and lymphocytic inflammation. The histopathologic results showed varying degrees of fibrosis in areas that appeared normal on CT scans. Regions of reticulation on CT scans generally had greater fibrosis at histopathologic analysis. Vasculopathy and bronchiectasis were also often present at histopathologic examination of lungs with ILAs. Fully developed fibroblastic foci were rarely observed. Conclusion This study demonstrated direct histologic correlates of CT-defined interstitial lung abnormalities.".
• 01GTJ7Z4KQMCJNV935RWVYTMM4 abstract "In digitized welfare countries, an increasing number of services to fulfill essential needs related to finances, housing, health care, social security, and mobility have been moving from physical to internet services. Scholars, policy makers, and social practitioners are interested in monitoring who cannot use these essential internet services and, therefore, are excluded. Drawing on a media literacy perspective and capability theory, this study applies an alternative way to investigate digital exclusion or the third level of the digital divide. Using a survey administered among a sample of adults (n = 674, 57% female, Mage = 49.93, SDage = 14.44) in the Flemish region of Belgium, this study empirically examined the associations between exclusion from essential internet services, socio-economic resources, and internet resources. Overall, the study found that people living in poverty, without a secondary education, experiencing loneliness, or having a poor health status were three to five times at a greater risk of digital exclusion compared with their counterparts. This association between socio-economic resources and digital exclusion can be partially explained by the individuals' levels of internet access, skills, and use frequency. In addition, we also found that people with high socio-economic resources can still be digitally excluded, and vice versa, people with low socio-economic resources can be digitally included. Therefore, digital inclusion initiatives should avoid stereotypical targeting and must target all citizens. Furthermore, internet skills and use experience are highly important for preventing digital exclusion, but other social mechanisms that may preclude people from using essential internet services should be explored in the future.".
• 01GTK5DX37XHJJFKW2DEGKK01K abstract "A questionnaire on explanatory variables for each behavior of the 24-h movement behaviors (i.e., physical activity, sedentary behavior, sleep) was developed based on three levels of the socio-ecological model, i.e., the intrapersonal level, interpersonal level and the physical environmental level. Within these levels, different constructs were questioned, i.e., autonomous motivation, attitude, facilitators, internal behavioral control, self-efficacy, barriers, subjective norm, social modeling, social support, home environment, neighborhood, and work environment. The questionnaire was tested for test–retest reliability (i.e., intraclass correlation (ICC)) for each item and internal consistency for each construct (i.e., Cronbach’s Alpha Coefficient) among a group of 35 healthy adults with a mean age of 42.9 (±16.1) years. The total questionnaire contained 266 items, consisting of 14 items on general information, 70 items on physical activity, 102 items on sedentary behavior, 45 items on sleep and 35 items on the physical environment. Seventy-one percent of the explanatory items showed moderate to excellent reliability (ICC between 0.50 and 0.90) and a majority of constructs had a good homogeneity among items (Cronbach’s Alpha Coefficient ≥ 0.70). This newly developed and comprehensive questionnaire might be used as a tool to understand adults’ 24-h movement behaviors.".
• 01GTK7RD4F5WZEFTTH898DH11W abstract "Purpose Recent technical advancements in PET imaging have improved sensitivity and spatial resolution. Consequently, clinical nuclear medicine will be confronted with PET images on a previously unfamiliar resolution. To better understand [F-18]FDG distribution at submillimetric scale, a direct correlation of radionuclide-imaging and histopathology is required.Methods A total of five patients diagnosed with a malignancy of the head and neck were injected with a clinical activity of [F-18]FDG before undergoing surgical resection. The resected specimen was imaged using a preclinical high-resolution PET/CT, followed by slicing of the specimen. Multiple slices were rescanned using a micro-PET/CT device, and one of the slices was snap-frozen for frozen sections. Frozen sections were placed on an autoradiographic film, followed by haematoxylin and eosin staining to prepare them for histopathological assessment. The results from both autoradiography and histopathology were co-registered using an iterative co-registration algorithm, and regions of interest were identified to study radiotracer uptake.Results The co-registration between the autoradiographs and their corresponding histopathology was successful in all specimens. The use of this novel methodology allowed direct comparison of autoradiography and histopathology and enabled the visualisation of uncharted heterogeneity in [F-18]FDG uptake in both benign and malignant tissue.Conclusion We here describe a novel methodology enabling the direct co-registration of [F-18]FDG autoradiography with the gold standard of histopathology in human malignant tissue. The future use of the current methodology could further increase our understanding of the distribution of radionuclides in surgically excised malignancies and hence, improve the integration of pathology and molecular imaging in a multiscale perspective.".
• 01GTK7TEAY8ZP174VWVC7Z4QD4 abstract "In risk-based meat safety assurance system, the use of interventions is intended to accomplish the meat safety targets on chilled carcasses, particularly in situations when an abattoir is unable to sufficiently reduce risks arising from specific farms/animal batches by using process hygiene alone. Furthermore, interventions are considered whenever food safety authorities identify meat production processes associated with high risks for consumers. This paper overviews the role of beef interventions in a risk-based, meat safety assurance system. Cattle hide interventions (chemical hide washes and microbial immobilisation treatment with shellac) and beef carcass interventions (pasteurisation treatments with hot water and/or steam and organic (lactic) acid washes), show consistent reduction effects of aerobic bacteria and faecal indicators and reduced prevalences of naturally present VTEC and Salmonella. The review also identified interventions where there was a lack of data and further research was needed, and other contextual factors to inform the risk management decisions for further development of risk-based meat safety assurance system.".
• 01GTKAR5RP432ZJWFB96WGH30B abstract "For university students, perceived employability is gaining growing importance in dealing with occupational uncertainty. However, how perceived employability is shaped in the university setting is still under-researched. This study examines how support from university teaching staff influences perceived employability in a sample of Italian final-year university students. We draw on Conservation on Resources Theory to hypothesise a positive impact of support from teaching staff on students’ perceived employability. In addition, we contend that perceived employability predicts students’ psychological well-being. To test our hypotheses, one hundred twenty-seven university students completed a survey three times over a 10-month period. The results confirm that support from teaching staff enhances students’ perceived employability. Moreover, a positive effect of perceived employability on students’ psychological well-being emerges. Perceived employability also appears to mediate the relationship between support from teaching staff and psychological well-being. Using a time-lagged approach, this study enhances the empirical knowledge about antecedents and outcomes of students’ perceived employability. This scholarly work underlines universities’ responsibility in refining teachers’ roles and didactical practices to equip their students with career resources.".
• 01GTKBFR5XY862QX3K88RKXNH6 abstract "Although it is well known that exercise reduces depressive symptoms, the underlying psychological mechanisms remain unclear. This experimental study examined the acute effect of exercise on mood, and depressotypic memory bias and state rumination. Trait rumination was tested as a possible moderator. A sample of non-regular exercisers (N = 100) was randomized to exercise or rest. After a negative mood induction, the exercise condition cycled for 24 min at moderate intensity, while the rest condition rested. Negative and overgeneral memory bias, as well as positive and negative affect were assessed after exercise/rest. To capture the lingering of negative mood and state rumination, both were assessed multiple times throughout the study. The exercise (as compared to rest) condition reported more positive affect. However, no differences were found on overgeneral memory bias, as well as depression-specific mood or state rumination measured throughout the study. Interestingly, the exercise condition showed more negative memory bias at higher levels of rumination. Individual differences in trait rumination moderated the exercise-memory bias relation, such that exercise increased negative memory bias at higher levels of rumination. It is possible that long-term exercise protocols are necessary to change cognitive processes related to depression.".
• 01GTKDJH4X8XW4ZYA1D42SGEYZ abstract "Urban blue spaces are defined as all natural and manmade surface water in urban environments. This paper draws on how the concepts of experienced, symbolic, social, and activity space combine to position urban blue spaces as therapeutic landscapes. We conducted 203 intercept interviews between 12 October 2019 and 10 November 2019. Although safety concerns had health-limiting impacts, interacting with the Glasgow Canal and surrounding landscape was predominantly perceived as health-enhancing. Our findings build on current evidence, which has suggested that urban blue spaces, particularly canals, may foster therapeutic properties, contributing to healthier city environments. Further research is required to understand better the interconnectedness of urban blue spaces and health and how such spaces can be best developed and managed to improve the health outcomes of local populations.".
• 01GTKDST4DE9H0JRG9Q4XPV7DC abstract "Learning collocations from context: the immediate and delayed effects of typographic enhancement on collocation processing and learning during reading Collocations play a crucial role in the development of fluent, nativelike second language knowledge. A number of studies have demonstrated that collocations can be learned from repeated exposure in meaning-focused input (e.g., Webb et al., 2013), and that typographic enhancement can contribute to learning of collocations encountered in written texts (e.g., Choi, 2017). However, because collocation knowledge is assumed to develop gradually from repeated exposure, it is worth asking whether a local attention-raising technique has any durable effect on collocation processing and learning (Pellicer-Sánchez, 2020). Further, there is little evidence that typographic enhancement also contributes to processing fluency of collocations at initial stages of learning. Our study investigates to what extent typographic enhancement affects online processing of collocations during reading, both in the first, enhanced exposure, and in later unenhanced exposures. It also investigates the effects of repeated exposure during reading and typographic enhancement on recall and recognition of collocations after a one-week delay. Fifty-seven learners of English as a foreign language took part in a reading experiment spread over three weeks. In week 1, they read an English text containing 24 modifier-noun collocations while their eye movements were recorded. Textual enhancement was counterbalanced so that each participant encountered 12 enhanced and 12 unenhanced collocations. In week 2, the same collocations were encountered six times in new, unenhanced contexts, followed by a sentence-reading task in which eye-tracking was used to measure processing fluency of the collocations compared to novel word pairs. In week 3, participants completed two delayed tests of collocation knowledge (form recall and form recognition), after which they were interviewed about their perception of the experimental treatment. The results of linear mixed effects models showed that typographic enhancement significantly affected (log-transformed) reading times for collocations during the first, enhanced exposure (B = 0.22, p < .001), but not during later, unenhanced exposures. Further, reading times in the sentence-reading task did not show evidence of a processing advantage for target collocations. Results of the delayed posttests showed that, on average, participants recalled 3 out of 24 collocations, and recognized 9 out of 24 collocations. In a mixed effects logistic regression, form recognition scores were found to be significantly higher in the enhanced condition (B = 0.52, p = .002), but the difference was small and inconsistent across learners. The findings will be discussed in the light of usage-based theories of L2 acquisition, in particular with regard to the role of repeated exposure and attention in L2 collocation learning. We will also discuss implications for the pedagogical application of typographic enhancement in L2 reading materials. Choi, S. (2017). Processing and learning of enhanced English collocations: An eye movement study. Language Teaching Research, 21(3), 403–426. Pellicer-Sánchez, A. (2020). Learning Single Words vs. Multiword Items. In: Webb, S (ed.) The Routledge handbook of vocabulary studies. New York: Routledge, pp. 225–39. Webb, S., Newton, J., & Chang, A. (2013). Incidental learning of collocation. Language Learning, 63: 91–120.".

• first
• previous
• next