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• 01GM39KD9K945PE71MK7ACJPCK abstract "The Dalbergieae lectin group encompasses several lectins with significant differences in their carbohydrate specificities and biological properties. The current work reports on the purification and characterization of a GalNAc/Gal-specific lectin from Vataireopsis araroba (Aguiar) Ducke, designated as VaL. The lectin was purified from the seeds in a single step using guar gum affinity chromatography. The lectin migrated as a single band of about 35 kDa on SDS-PAGE and, in native conditions, occurs as a homodimer. The purified lectin is stable at temperatures up to 60 degrees C and in a pH range from 7 to 8 and requires divalent cations for its activity. Sugar-inhibition assays demonstrate the lectin specificity towards N-acetyl-D-galactosamine, D-galactose and related sugars. Furthermore, glycan array analyses show that VaL interacts preferentially with glycans containing terminal GalNAc/Gal beta 1-4GlcNAc. Biological activity assays were performed using three insect cell lines: CF1 midgut cells from the spruce budworm Choristoneura fumiferana, S2 embryo cells from the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster, and GutAW midgut cells from the corn earworm Helicoverpa zea. In vitro assays indicated a biostatic effect for VaL on CF1 cells, but not on S2 and GutAW cells. The lectin presented a biostatic effect by reducing the cell growth and inducing cell agglutination, suggesting an interaction with glycans on the cell surface. VaL has been characterized as a galactoside-specific lectin of the Dalbergieae tribe, with sequence similarity to lectins from Vatairea and Arachis.".
• 01GM39KD9TJHDFAXEFEAH7YR7C abstract "Recent land use changes, the absence of soil protection between crop periods, and extreme precipitation events have been highlighted as major influential factors in the fluctuations of sediment export in the last decades at the catchment scale worldwide. In this regard, soil erosion and fine-particle export are two of the major concerns of soil nutrient loss and water-quality decrease (e.g., increasing turbidity and vector of chemicals). However, while rainfall effects have been well-monitored, recent land use changes and management need additional approaches to evaluate their effect. In Mediterranean mountainous environments, in addition to forest management, agricultural practices during different cropland stages likely increase sediment and particle-bound chemicals in the drainage system. Moreover, most catchments lack instrumentalization. Thus, there is a gap in the knowledge on the processes influencing the sediment exported in ungauged catchments. To evaluate the processes involved, remote sensing and seasonal sampling of suspended sediments were examined for 5 years in a representative agroforestry system in three sub-catchments (SBCs) with different proportions of land uses. Temporal trends of NDVI, EVI, MSAVI, SAVI, and NDWI indices were analyzed for monitoring the vegetation status. With this information, we attempt to evaluate the soil response in terms of particle size export to land use change, vegetation status, and precipitation distribution in fine-grained sediment-reaching streams. Our findings not only highlight the significant effect of heavy precipitation events and vegetation cover on the grain-size fraction of the exported sediment but also reveal the existence of more complex factors influencing the export dynamics. A silt-increasing trend due to the increase of individual heavy precipitations from 2017 onward despite the total precipitation amount not increasing was detected. It is shown that indices such as NDVI and NDMI help detect small changes in vegetation cover, while EVI, SAVI, and MSAVI are more robust for detecting general patterns in large vegetated areas and preventing the appearance of artefacts in the data. Results from this study suggest that land use changes combined with short-scale changing trends of rainfall likely explain most of the possible effects observed in terms of sediment export changes.".
• 01GM39KJ6CNVGGM97T31TJSGQT abstract "Drought stress is an increasing threat for vegetation in tropical regions, within the context of human-induced increase of drought frequency and severity observed over South American forests. Drought stress is induced when a plant's water demand is not met with its water supply through root water uptake. The latter depends on root and soil properties, including soil texture (i.e. the soil clay and sand fractions) that determines the soil water availability and its hydraulic properties. Hence, soil clay content is responsible for a significant fraction of the spatial variability in forest structure and productivity. Soil-textural properties largely vary at the spatial resolution used by Terrestrial Biosphere Models (TBMs) and it is currently unclear how this variability affects the outputs of these models used to predict the response of vegetation ecosystems to future climate change scenarios. In this study, we assessed the sensitivity of the carbon cycle of three state-of-the-art TBMs, i.e. ORganizing Carbon and Hydrology in Dynamic EcosystEms (ORCHIDEEv2.2), Ecosystem Demography model version 2 (ED2), and Lund-Potsdam-Jena General Ecosystem Simulator (LPJ-GUESS) to soil-textural properties at the regional level over the South American tropics using model default pedotransfer functions. For all three TBMs, the model outputs, including gross primary productivity (GPP), aboveground biomass (AGB), soil carbon content and drought stress, were shown to be mostly insensitive to soil-texture changes representative of the spatial variability in soil properties, except for a small region characterised by very low water availability in ORCHIDEEv2.2 and ED2. We argue that generic pedotransfer and simple drought stress functions, as currently implemented in TBMs, should be reconsidered to better capture the role of soil texture and its coupling to plant processes. Similarly, we suggest that better estimates of the soil-texture uncertainty resulting from soil-texture data aggregate should be considered in the future. Those steps forward are critical to properly account for future increasing drought stress conditions in tropical regions.".
• 01GM39KJ6KY6TKJBJ8KDZJNEDT abstract "As one of the earth's key ecosystems, rivers have been intensively studied and modelled through the application of machine learning (ML). With the amount of large data available, these computer algorithms are ever increasing in numerous fields, although there is ongoing scepticism and scholars still question the actual impact and deliverables of algorithms. This study aims to provide a systematic review of the state-of-the-art ML-based techniques, trends, opportunities and challenges in river research by applying text mining and automated content analysis. Unsupervised and supervised learning have dominated river research while neural networks and deep learning have also gradually gained popularity. Matrix factorisation and linear models have been the most popular ML algorithms, with around 1300 and 800 publications on these topics in 2020 respectively. In contrast, river researchers have had few applications in multiclass and multilabel algorithm, associate rule and Naive Bayes. The current article proposes an end-to-end workflow of ML applications in river research in order to tackle major ML challenges, including four steps: (1) data collection and preparation; (2) model evaluation and selection; (3) model application; and (4) feedback loops. Within this workflow, river modellers have to balance numerous trade-offs related to model traits, such as complexity, accuracy, interpretability, bias, data privacy and accessibility and spatial and temporal scales. Any choices made when balancing the trade-offs can lead to different model outcomes affecting the final applications. Hence, it is necessary to carefully consider and specify modelling goals, understand the data collected and maintain feedback loops in order to continuously improve model performance and eventually reach the research objectives. Moreover, it remains crucial to address the users' needs and demands that often entail additional elements, such as computational cost, development time and the quantity, quality and compatibility of data. Furthermore, river researchers should account for new technologies and regulations in data collection and protection that are transforming the development and applications of ML, most notably data warehouse and information management with multiple-cycles that are becoming a cornerstone of the integration of ML in decision-making in river and ecosystem management.".
• 01GM39KJ6RBQVANFBX8TSCCKKA abstract "With the growing awareness on the ecological impact of chemical phosphate fertilizers, research concerning the use of phosphate solubilizing bacteria (PSB) as a sustainable alternative for, or addition to these fertilizers is of paramount importance. In previous research, we successfully implemented a plant-based enrichment technique for PSB, which simultaneously selected for the rhizosphere competence and phosphate solubilizing characteristics of bacterial suspensions.".
• 01GM39KQ38QD2FMJG721DSK0XG abstract "Background The transition period is a challenging period for high-producing dairy cattle. Cows in early lactation are considered as a group at risk of subacute ruminal acidosis (SARA). Variability in SARA susceptibility in early lactation is hypothesized to be reflected in fecal characteristics such as fecal pH, dry matter content, volatile and odd- and branched-chain fatty acids (VFA and OBCFA, respectively), as well as fecal microbiota. This was investigated with 38 periparturient dairy cows, which were classified into four groups differing in median and mean time of reticular pH below 6 as well as area under the curve of pH below 6. Furthermore, we investigated whether fecal differences were already obvious during a period prior to the SARA risk (prepartum).".
• 01GM39KQ3DM4ZWN2DGP7XEMMCY abstract "Exploring the effects of straw return and environmental factors on the spatiotemporal variation of soil organic matter (SOM) in black soil regions is essential for soil carbon sequestration research. However, studies seldom quantified the effects of long-term straw return on a long-term SOM variation at a regional scale in typical black soil areas. The case was conducted in one of the three major black soil regions in the Northern Hemisphere, where the straw return policy has been implemented for a long time. The study obtained the SOM spatial distribution in 2007, 2009, 2012, 2015, and 2018 with approximately 9000 samples and analyzed the effects of soil types, texture, elevation, and human management on the spatiotemporal variation. The results indicated that from the 1980s to 2007, before the straw return policy implementation, the mean SOM content decreased from 24.38 g kg(-1) to 18.94 g kg(-1). In contrast, the mean SOM content gradually increased from 2007 to 2018 after implementing straw return practices. In addition, the area of SOM within 20-30 g kg(-1) increased gradually, with 32.2%, 40.5%, 50.2%, 49.4%, and 60.5% in 2007, 2009, 2012, 2015, and 2018, respectively. Surprisingly, the SOM within 30-40 g kg(-1) emerged in 2018. The results indicated that returning straw to the field might promote SOM accumulation. However, the SOM contents in Phaezems (19.25-21.82 g kg(-1)) were lower than that in natural Phaezems (40-60 g kg(-1)), indicating severe degradation. The clay content positively correlated to SOM and was a major explanatory variable for the response of SOM to straw return. Straw return practices are promising measures in the black soil region and are worth exploring more effective approaches to allow straw return to play a better role.".
• 01GM39KQ3JKD3ZJC5X7SAPJ4MH abstract "Vegetables and fruits can potentially accumulate cyanotoxins after water contaminated with cyanobacteria is used for irrigation. We developed and validated an analytical method to quantify eight microcystin congeners (MCs) and nodularin (NOD) using ultra high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS) in three different matrices. Strawberries, carrots and lettuce are selected as model matrices to represent the fruits/berries, leafy and root vegetables, sequentially. The validation of a UHPLC-MS/MS method in the strawberry matrix is novel. Matrix effects are observed in all three matrices. Our methodology uses matrix-matched calibration curves to compensate for the matrix effect. The implementation of our method on 103 samples, containing nine different sorts of fruits and vegetables from the Belgian market, showed no presence of MCs or NOD. However, the recoveries of our quality controls showed the effectiveness of our method, illustrating that the use of this method in future research or monitoring as well as in official food controls in fruit and vegetable matrices is valid.".
• 01GM39KW0452VRM4T4QBRNT9XM abstract "In this study, we examined the interaction between arsenic (As) and nutrients in paddy soil which received pig manure and chemical fertilizers for 36 years (since 1984). The treatments consisted of: CK (without fertilization); NPK (chemical nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilization); NPK30%M (70% NPK plus 30% manure); NPK50%M (50% NPK plus 50% manure); and NPK70%M (30% NPK plus 70% manure). The combined application of pig manure and chemical fertilizer improved grain yield, soil pH and nutrient levels compared to chemical fertilizer application treatment. In comparison to CK, grain yield increased by 55.9%, 75.0%, 74.9% and 71.9%, respectively under the NPK, NPK30%M, NPK50%M and NPK70%M treatments. Soil As concentration increased by increasing the amount of manure input, and the highest concentration of As was 0.64 mg kg(-1) found in the NPK70%M treatment. Increasing the rate of manure application decreased the As bioaccumulation coefficient (BAC) for rice grain. SOC, total N and P showed a positive correlation with the soil-available As concentration and negative correlation with BAC. Furthermore, the partial least square model (PLS) showed that the soil pH and SOC were the most influencing factors on BAC among the different properties of soil, which explained the 75.4% and 17.6% of total variations, respectively. This study concluded that the addition of pig manure together with chemical fertilizers can increase crop production by supplying essential nutrients, but the concentration of As in manure should be monitored to reduce soil and food contamination.".
• 01GM39KW0AR9MVCVC8Z3WGAD7W abstract "In this study, the in vitro apparent rumen degradability of organic matter (ARDOM) and plant secondary metabolites (ARDPSM) of three tropical legumes (Mucuna pruriens, Canavalia ensiformis, and Leucaena leucocephala) were assessed. For this, 3 experiments were set up, i.e., single end-point incubations (24 h) with ruminal inoculum from either Belgian or Cuban sheep, as well as kinetic assessments (0 h, 2 h, 4 h, 6 h, 8 h, 10 h, 12 h, and 24 h) inoculum from Belgian sheep. L-mimosine, L-canavanine, Concanavalin A (Con A), and trypsin inhibitor (TI) were the plant secondary metabolites (PSM) targeted in this study. In all three experiments, both beans, as well as forage/bean meals of M. pruriens and C. ensiformis and their PSM, were extensively degraded during 24 h incubation, irrespective of the inoculum source (0.44 to 0.70 and 0.43 to 0.78 g/g of organic matter (OM) for ARDOM, respectively, and > 0.80 g/g for L-canavanine, > 0.76 TIU/TIU for TI, and > 0.95 g/g for Con A, for both legumes). Forage meal of L. leucocephala was considerably less degraded, with apparent ruminal degradabilities of 0.20 g/g OM and 0.35 g/g OM after 24 h incubation with Belgian or Cuban sheep inoculum, respectively. This could - at least partially - be related to L-mimosine, present in L. leucocephala, which was hardly degraded in the Belgian incubation, while a more extensive ruminal breakdown was observed under the Cuban conditions (0.05 g/g PSM vs. 0.78 g/g PSM, respectively). The negative effect of L-mimosine on OM degradability was supported in an additional in vitro experiment with straw and inoculum from Belgian sheep, as ruminal degradation of straw was 31% lower when pure L-mimosine was supplemented.".
• 01GM39KW0F5ENNMCF40YD35GFY abstract "Chemical analytical methods for metal analysis in soils are laborious, time-consuming and costly. This paper aims to evaluate the potential of short-range (SR) and full-range (FR) visible and infrared spectroscopy (vis-NIR) combined with linear and nonlinear calibration methods to estimate concentrations of nickel (Ni), cobalt (Co), cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb) and copper (Cu) in soils. A total of 435 soil samples were collected over agricultural sites, forest (7 %), pasture (5 %) and fallow land across a region in the northern part of Belgium. Generally, better predictions were obtained when using partial least squares regression (PLSR) and nonlinear calibration method [i.e., random forest (RF)] for processing of the spectral data, than when using support vector machine (SVM). FR generally outperformed SR and provided the best prediction results for Ni (R(2)p = 0.76), Co (R(2)p = 0.77), Cd (R(2)p = 0.64) and Pb (R(2)p = 0.65), when using PLSR and RF. SVM produced the best prediction result only for Pb (R(2)p = 0.57) using the SR spectra. The metals Ni, Co, Cd and Pb can be predicted successfully (good accuracy) from the FR vis-NIR spectra using PLSR for Co, and RF for Ni, Cd, Pb and Cu. Compared to the FR spectrophotometer, improvement in accuracy was obtained for Cd and Co, using the SR spectra when combined with PLSR and RF, respectively. It is concluded that the SR spectrometer can be used successfully for the prediction of Co with RF (R(2)p = 0.70), while it best predicted Cd with PLSR with an R(2)p value of 0.67, which is of value for regional survey.".
• 01GM39M0X0TPNCJR7RVDB820HD abstract "Background Aflatoxins are toxic secondary metabolites produced by Aspergillus fungi, which are ubiquitously present in the food supplies of low- and middle-income countries. Studies of maternal aflatoxin exposure and fetal outcomes are mainly focused on size at birth and the effect on intrauterine fetal growth has not been assessed. Objectives In the present study, we examined the association between chronic aflatoxin exposure during pregnancy and fetal growth trajectories in a rural setting in Ethiopia. Methods In a prospective cohort study, we enrolled 492 pregnant females, with a singleton pregnancy and before 28 wk of gestation. Serum aflatoxin B-1-lysine concentration was measured using LC-tandem MS. Three rounds of ultrasound measurements were conducted to estimate fetal weight at mean +/- SD gestational age weeks of 19.1 +/- 3.71, 28.5 +/- 3.51, and 34.5 +/- 2.44. Estimated fetal weight was expressed in centiles using the International Fetal and Newborn Growth Consortium for the 21st Century (INTERGROWTH-21st) reference. We fitted a multivariable linear mixed-effects model to estimate the rate of fetal growth between aflatoxin-exposed (i.e., aflatoxin B-1-lysine concentration above or equal to the limit of detection) and unexposed mothers in the study. Results Mothers had a mean +/- SD age of 26.0 +/- 4.58 y. The median (25th, 75th percentile) serum aflatoxin B-1-lysine concentration was 12.6 (0.93, 96.9) pg/mg albumin, and aflatoxin exposure was observed in 86.6% of maternal blood samples. Eighty-five percent of the females enrolled provided at least 2 ultrasound measurements for analysis. On average, the aflatoxin-exposed group had a significantly lower change over time in fetal weight-for-gestational-age centile than the unexposed group (ss = -0.92; 95% CI: -1.77, -0.06 centiles/week; P = 0.037). Conclusions Chronic maternal aflatoxin exposure is associated with lower fetal growth over time. Our findings emphasize the importance of nutrition-sensitive strategies to mitigate dietary aflatoxin exposure and adopting food safety measures in low-income settings, in particular during the fetal period of development.".
• 01GM39M0X6JF0GN2BF10PQ6TDN abstract "Covalent organic frameworks (COFs), as highly porous crystalline structures, are newly emerging materials designed with tuneable features. They have a high potential to be a host to immobilize metal catalysts. The unique property of these materials, such as their high surface area, oriented channels, and heteroatom enrichment, make them promising materials to improve some disadvantages of heterogeneous metal catalysts. In this review, the fabrication and application of Pd anchored COFs as one of the most critical transition-metal catalysts that play a crucial role in a wide range of reactions is summarized.".
• 01GM39M0XAJ86WX2VSJHVH3MMK abstract "A diet shift towards a more plant-based food consumption is advocated for sustainable, health and ethical reasons. Still, a diet change remains a societal challenge. The objective of this paper is to identify how barriers towards plant-based food consumption are experienced according to dietary lifestyle in 10 European countries. A pan-EU consumer survey was conducted as part of Smart Protein Project. In total 7590 answers were obtained (49.5% women). Omnivores were more likely to score higher in the barriers to diet shift than vegetarians, vegans or flexitarians. Large effect sizes (Eta squared >0.1) were observed for the following barriers a) the lay belief that humans are meant to eat lots of animal-based meat; b) the expectation that plant-based food products would not be tasty enough; c) and the experience of not enjoying such products. Medium effect sizes (Eta sq. > 0.06) were observed for variables addressing nutrition related barriers "would not be filling enough" and "I would not get energy or strength from these products". Promotion of plant-based food consumption should be targeted according to diet lifestyle, with focus on their sensory characteristics and on addressing cultural (lay) beliefs e.g. through knowledge sharing.".
• 01GM39M5SST5K454G50J3XZ22Y abstract "The detection and mapping of plant-extractable potassium (K-a) using proximal soil sensing and data fusion (DF) techniques are essential to optimise K2O fertiliser application, improve crop yield, and minimise environmental and financial costs. This work evaluates the potential of combined use of portable gamma ray and x-ray fluorescence spectroscopy for in field detection and mapping of K-a. After subjected to various pre-processing methods, spectral data were split into calibration (75%) and validation (25%) sets, and single sensor and DF models were developed using partial least squares regression (PLSR). Maps of Ka were used to present spatial variability of potassium across an 8.4 ha Voor de Hoeves target field, in Flanders, Belgium. Results showed that the gamma-ray PLSR model using wet soils had greater predictive ability with coefficient of determination (R-2) = 0.71, ratio of performance deviation (RPD) = 1.89, root mean square error (RMSE) = 31.7 mg kg(-1), and ratio of performance to interquartile range (RPIQ) = 2.36 than the corresponding wet-XRF PLSR model (R-2 = 0.61, RPD = 1.64, RMSE = 48.8 mg kg(-1) and RPIQ = 1.84). The DF PLSR model on wet soils, resulted in a more accurate Ka predictive ability (R-2 = 0.75, RPD = 2.03, RMSE = 31.3 mg kg(-1) and RPIQ = 2.79), compared to the individual gamma ray or XRF sensors in wet soils. The best accuracy was obtained with XRF spectrometer using dry samples (R-2 = 0.77, RPD = 2.14, RMSE = 26.5 mg kg(-1) and RPIQ = 3.39). All Ka prediction maps showed spatial similarity to the corresponding measured maps in the target field. In conclusion, since DF increased the Ka prediction accuracy compared to the single sensor models using wet soils, it is recommended to be adopted in future studies as a potential solution for Ka measurement, mapping, and ultimately for site-specific K2O fertilisation management. The XRF analysis of dry spectra is recommended as the best method for accurate measurement of K-a.".
• 01GM39M5SZ3RSYVEE44RJ010YB abstract "Different factors such as the genotype, environmental conditions, temperature stress, solar radiation and others can influence the phytochemical status of plants. The concentration of phenolic acids and alkylresorciols (ARs) as well as their chemical composition and biological activity have been determined in twelve winter wheat cultivars grown at eight European locations. This was the first winter wheat multi-location field trial of the European Consortium for Open Field Experimentation (ECOFE). Extracts from grain were analyzed using a UPLC-PDA-ESI-MS system (phenolic acids), UPLC-PDA-MS/MS (alkylresorcinols) and TLC-DPPH center dot test with ImageJ program (antiradical activity). The phenolic acid profile consisted of five hydroxybenzoic acid and four hydroxycinnamic acid derivatives, among which ferulic and sinapic acids were predominated. The ARs profile consisted of nine AR derivatives, among which 5-n-heneicosylresorcinol (C21:0) and 5-n-nonadecanylresorcinol (C19:0) were predominated. Our study showed significant differences in phenolic acids and AR content between wheat cultivars, as well as between locations. We observed a positive correlation between the biological activity of extracts and the total amount of phenolic acids and ARs. Two cultivars, Chambo and Julius (average of all sites) and samples from the Spanish site (average of all cultivars) showed the highest content and composition of nutritional substances.".
• 01GM39M5T40CY663CNWXCGNTF4 abstract "Background Flatfish live in a diverse marine ecosystem that is changing due to natural variations and anthropogenic influences. These changes can evoke a stress response mainly resulting in production of the glucocorticoid cortisol, which mediates effects on various levels of biological organization. The finding that cortisol accumulates in fish scales, offering a retrospective view on cortisol production, provides opportunities to use this matrix for chronic stress assessment. The present study is the first to gather information on scale cortisol concentration in wild-caught common dab (Limanda limanda), based on a two-pronged approach using (1) field measurements and (2) a laboratory in vivo-study where wild-caught dab were fed by cortisol-spiked feed during 30 or 90 days to demonstrate the possible accumulation of cortisol in the scales and to evaluate its impact on fish health. Results Based on the field measurements, the average scale cortisol concentration in wild-caught fish was 0.0034 +/- 0.0046 mu g kg(-1) scale (n = 67). This indicates that wild common dab is indeed able to incorporate cortisol in the scales. Based on the experimental data, the cortisol-fed fish showed an increased plasma cortisol concentration (80.16 +/- 82.58 mu g L-1) compared to the control group (4.54 +/- 9.57 mu g L-1) after 30 days of cortisol feeding. The increase in plasma cortisol concentration was positively correlated with an increased cortisol concentration in the scale after 30 days of cortisol-spiked feeding. This correlation was, however, no longer observed after 90 days of cortisol-spiked feeding. Interestingly, cortisol concentration of the scales on the pigmented side was significantly higher compared to the non-pigmented side. Some health parameters such as epidermal thickness, body condition and Ichthyobodo sp. parasitic infection showed a correlation with scale cortisol concentration after 30 days. Conclusions We have demonstrated that common dab is able to accumulate cortisol in its scales. This seems to occur proportionally to circulating concentrations of plasma cortisol in fish fed with cortisol supplemented feed after 30 days.".
• 01GM39MAPNW65CZM6GY9QW8KV9 abstract "We introduce the FunAndes database, a compilation of functional trait data for the Andean flora spanning six countries. FunAndes contains data on 24 traits across 2,694 taxa, for a total of 105,466 entries. The database features plant-morphological attributes including growth form, and leaf, stem, and wood traits measured at the species or individual level, together with geographic metadata (i.e., coordinates and elevation). FunAndes follows the field names, trait descriptions and units of measurement of the TRY database. It is currently available in open access in the FIGSHARE data repository, and will be part of TRY's next release. Open access trait data from Andean plants will contribute to ecological research in the region, the most species rich terrestrial biodiversity hotspot.".
• 01GM39MARFA3BZ81QRP56FKPAD abstract "The measurement of pH in the reticulorumen in combination with a time-pH threshold has been widely applied in research to diagnose subacute ruminal aci-dosis. However, other pH metrics also have biological value. In this study, 44 animals were monitored during the transition period using reticuloruminal pH boluses. Traditional and more complex pH characteristics were calculated to characterize the reticuloruminal pH pro-file: time pH < 6, slope of a logistic cumulative pH curve (00), and deviations [squared error (SqEr)] from pH predictions based on a harmonic static model. In this study, we aimed to examine the associations between those pH metrics and metabolic health parameters, feed intake, and activity. Finally, to describe the reticuloru-minal pH dynamically, we also constructed a dynamic linear model. The results of this model were studied in relation to feed intake. All pH parameters were mutu-ally correlated (particularly 00 and SqEr; mean Pearson correlation of -0.52). pH patterns, rather than time pH < 6, were associated with metabolic health and feed intake: high variation in daily pH (00 parameter) was reflected in higher blood concentrations of nonesterified fatty acids. Moreover, pH deviations of the harmonic model were negatively associated with feed intake and rumination behavior. This research confirms the biolog-ical importance of pH metrics focusing on pH variation and pH deviations and provides deeper insight into its associations with metabolic health status, feed intake, and activity during early lactation.".
• 01GM39MFK55S9XJWS28JT3NY2H abstract "Background Advanced maternal age and obesity are associated with impaired female fertility. Moreover, fatty acids (FA) in follicular fluid (FF) play important roles in oocyte maturation and embryo development. However, the effects of body mass index (BMI), age, and FF FA composition on embryo development between days 3 and 5 and blastocyst stage on day 5 are still unclear. Methods This study included 138 patients undergoing assisted reproductive technology (ART), which were divided into three BMI groups (18.5-24.9 kg/m(2) vs. 25.0-29.9 kg/m(2) vs. >= 30.0 kg/m(2)) and three age-related groups (20-30 years vs. 31-34 years vs. >= 35 years) which were compared for ART outcomes. Further, observations were divided into quartiles based on either of three parameters related to embryo outcome, i.e. (i) embryos developing between days 3 and 5 (ED3-5) and (ii) expanded blastocysts on day 5 (EB5), both expressed proportionally to the number of oocytes with two pronuclei (2PN), as well as (iii) the embryo utilization rate (EUR). Proportions of FF FA were then compared between Q1 and Q4, representing the quartile with the worst vs. the best embryo outcome, respectively. Finally, regression models were created to assess the relationships between BMI, age, FF total FA (TFA) concentration, relative proportions of specific FA and embryo outcome. Results Patients of Q1 had higher proportions of FF C20:5n-3, C22:6n-3 and total n-3 PUFA than Q4 patients. Furthermore, Q4 patients tended to be younger than Q1 patients. Within the whole cohort, the proportion of C20:5n-3 negatively correlated with ED3-5/2PN and EUR, while EB5/2PN tended to be negatively correlated with age. Regression models within the overweight and obese group confirmed the negative relation between C20:5n-3 and ED3-5/2PN, but also indicated additional associations: C18:1n-9 and C20:4n-6 were positively associated with ED3-5/2PN and EUR, respectively while the proportion of C18:0 was negatively associated with EUR. Conclusion The proportions of n-3 PUFA, particularly C20:5n-3 and C22:6n-3 were reduced in the patients' quartile with the best embryo outcome. This group of patients was also younger. However, the embryo quality parameters of overweight/obese patients were not associated with age but were positively associated with FF C18:1n-9 and negatively with the proportions of C18:0 or C20:5n-3.".
• 01GM39MFK906BDM274QYZPFPCR abstract "Mangroves provide multiple ecosystem services to coastal communities and their fisheries. In the Galapagos, mangroves have been primarily prized for their role as nursery grounds; though, the importance of cultural benefits, including the development of knowledge systems among fishers, needs to be further explored. Fishers' local ecological knowledge (LEK) has been employed in the past to answer questions about the marine environment; not yet about mangroves. In such regard, this ethnoecological approach can contribute to unveil mangrove habitat-dependence relationships among fishery taxa across the life cycle, connectivity among habitats, and productivity spatial patterns across the archipelago. To access fishers' LEK, we conducted 35 semi-structured interviews and 2 facilitated community workshops comprising 3 activities. A photo-elicitation method allowed us to extract values given to mangroves (i.e., ecosystem services), from which indirect use values were considered more relevant for fisheries. As such, the accumulation of LEK might have been crucial for the establishment of these values among fishers. By using a species-habitat association method, we revealed a high perceived connectivity between mangroves and other coastal and marine habitats in the Galapagos. Although this suggests an overall weak dependence to the ecosystem, fishers' anecdotes allowed us to recognize novel species occurrences and exclusive habitat uses (e.g., spawning in Centropomus viridis). By applying Social Network Analysis to species-habitat association results, we learned that certain migratory commercial species (e.g., Lutjanus argentiventris, Seriola rivoliana) might constitute critical links in marine trophic webs and across seascapes. Finally, through scoring and participatory mapping methods, we revealed the prominence of western islands' mangroves for fishery productivity, which were linked to biophysical attributes, like forest canopy and freshwater. Yet, other locations in central and southeastern islands might also be important, as they hold similar attributes. Interviews to other mangrove users (e.g., naturalist guides, park rangers, scientists; N = 33), and past scientific studies allowed us to triangulate LEK and to find complementarity among knowledge sources. Despite having an explorative focus, our work already showcases the potential of fishers' LEK in improving mangrove research in the Galapagos, and the arising opportunities for ecosystem-based fisheries management and mangrove protection.".
• 01GM39MFMFQXYJ9CCAYX8J1TKN abstract "Purpose This paper investigates the relationship between plot size and fertilizer use efficiency (FE) in Chinese large-scale farming and searches for the underlying mechanisms that explain this relationship. Design/methodology/approach Based on a household- and plot-level data set of large-scale production units (LSPUs) from Jiangsu and Jiangxi Provinces, the technical and fertilizer use efficiency of large-scale rice production is estimated by applying a translog stochastic frontier production function. The authors impose a monotonicity condition on the translog frontier using a three-step procedure to get theoretically consistent efficiency estimates. A beta regression model is then used to explore the association between plot size and LSPUs' efficiency in fertilizer application. Findings The average FE for the sampled plots is around 30%, which shows a large potential for LSPUs to reduce fertilizer use. A U-shaped relationship is observed between plot size and FE. The authors relate this non-linear pattern to the substitution of labour with capital-intensive technology and the efficiency differences in terms of farming performance between family and hired workers. Originality/value First, according to the authors' knowledge, this paper is a first attempt to study the size-efficiency relationship focussing on fertilization practices of large-scale farming. The second contribution lies in the large-scale ranges of the plot-level data set. Third, efforts are made to reveal the mechanisms determining the plot size-FE relationship. Fourth, the authors provide guiding evidence for policymaking, as they show that the size of individual plots deserves equal attention in land consolidation decisions. Methodologically, this paper improves existing estimates of single-factor technical efficiency issued from a restricted production frontier model.".
• 01GM39MMFY2YP4FTDY102R50HB abstract "Soil contamination by heavy metals is of particular concern, due to the direct negative impact on crop yield, food quality and human health. Although the conventional approach to monitor heavy metals relies on field sampling and lab analysis, the proliferation in the use of portable spectrometers has reduced the cost and time of investigation. However, discrepancies in spectral data from different spectrometers increase the modeling time and undermine the model accuracy for spatial mapping. This study, therefore, took advantage of the readily accessible Landsat 7 data to predict and map the spatiotemporal distribution of ten heavy metals (i.e., Sb, Pb, Ni, Mn, Hg, Cu, Cr, Co, Cd and As) over a 640 km(2) area in Belgium. The Land Use/Cover Area Frame Survey (LUCAS) database of a region in north-eastern Belgium was used to retrieve variation in heavy metals concentrations over time and space, using the Landsat 7 imagery for four single dates in 2009, 2013, 2016 and 2020. Three regression methods, namely, partial least squares regression (PLSR), random forest (RF) and support vector machine (SVM) were used to model and predict the heavy metal concentrations for 2009. By comparing these models unbiasedly, the best model was selected for predicting and mapping the heavy metal distributions for 2013, 2016 and 2020. RF turned out to be the optimal model for 2009 with a coefficient of determination of prediction (R-P(2)) and residual prediction deviation of prediction (RPDP) ranging from 0.62 to 0.92, and 1.23 to 2.79, respectively. The measured heavy metal distributions along the river floodplains, at the highlands and in the lowlands, were generally high, compared to their RF spatiotemporal predictions, which decreased over time. Increasing moisture contents in the floodplains adjacent to the river channels and the lowlands were the primary contributors to the reduction in the satellite reflectance spectra. However, topsoil erosion from rainfall, snowmelt as well as wind into the lowlands could have influenced the reduction in heavy metal spatiotemporal predicted values over time in the highlands. The spatiotemporal prediction maps produced for the heavy metals for the four different years revealed a good spatial similarity and consistency with the measured maps for 2009, which indicates their stability over the years.".
• 01GM39MT47W8RK8TMW63V2J4DM abstract "Whereas pioneers such as William Labov initially showed a negative attitude towards the sociolinguistic analysis of texts from the past, nowadays the study of linguistic variation in historical corpora, and its relationship with social factors such as age, education, gender, etc., has become common practice. In this article, I argue that at least for certain historical corpora the analysis of the social significance of variation could and should be extended to other semiotic domains, such as language choice, document format, and lay-out. The ‘multi-modal’ nature of variation has been stressed by recent research in Social Semiotics (e.g. van Leeuwen 2005; Kress 2010; Hodge 2016), but so far has been without any applications to texts from Antiquity. As a test case, I focus on one, fourth-century archive, the so-called ‘Nepheros’ archive, which displays interesting signs of variation in various regards.".
• 01GM3AJWY1D5RSCVCE2A5JDMGW abstract "In 2018, South African President Cyril Ramaphosa announced his government's intention to pursue land expropriation without compensation. In a country where wealth and poverty still run largely along apartheid-era racial lines, this policy is widely associated with transferring white-owned agricultural property to landless and impoverished blacks. As with preceding land reform policy, expropriation without compensation is informed by a 'master narrative' of 20(th)-century black dispossession through rural land loss, urban forced removals and impoverishment. This article highlights how the recent revitalisation of the land debate has stimulated the more assertive articulation of competing historical narratives of land (dis)possession. We scrutinise such alternative master narratives emanating from two groups claiming to represent marginalised minorities whose identity and experience differ from that of black South Africans: Khoisan activists who mobilise discourses of indigeneity and prior occupancy, and the Afrikaner interest group AfriForum, which deploys discourses of expertise, rationality and impartiality to legitimise their representations of the past. Despite vast differences in the nature of these movements as well as the historical narratives they advance, they have shown instances of mutual support and apparent co-operation. We trace these to key intersections in their historical narratives and the opportunities these offer in the context of the ANC's flagging electoral support. Understanding how master narratives compete is not only necessary to appraise South Africa's current political juncture - it equally reveals how citizens who feel excluded and marginalised turn to history to carve out space, legitimacy and support for their agendas in this fraught environment.".
• 01GM3ATD1HT476MZS59S7X6TT6 abstract "This paper presents a reflection on the design of an Intelligent Computer-Assisted Language Learning (ICALL) ‘ecosystem’, integrated into an online learning environment for Spanish as a Foreign Language (SFL). The innovative dimension of the ecosystem lies in its triple focus: apart from enabling users to create and use intelligent language learning materials, it also tracks their activities in the environment and provides them insights (e.g. through knowledge clips) into Natural Language Processing (NLP), the source of ICALL’s ‘intelligence’. The reflective analysis is carried out by means of a case study with 32 SFL students, who work with the ecosystem in a blended writing course focused on vocabulary learning, lexical ambiguity, and Word Sense Disambiguation (WSD). Students’ attitudes towards engaging in the ICALL ecosystem are gauged through a questionnaire, which revealed a statistically significant positive change in attitude after having completed the course. However, the results also show that enhanced insights into NLP and increased confidence in the computer as a learning assistant do not necessarily go hand in hand with an increased curiosity and a better user experience.".
• 01GM3B6E2KT95FXC4Z86HPQ08A abstract "De doelstelling van de overheid is een daadwerkelijke verandering in de vervoerwijzekeuze (modal shift) ten voordele van tram, bus en de actieve verplaatsingswijzen te bewerkstellingen. De vergelijking tussen de ontwikkeling van het (voor)stedelijke openbaar vervoer (OV) in Basel en in Antwerpen in de voorbije halve eeuw kan de Vlaamse overheid alvast inspireren om in de komende jaren doeltreffend in de (bovengrondse) Antwerpse tramlijnen te investeren. Daarenboven is een ondergrondse tram 25 keer duurder dan gelijkgrondse tram.".
• 01GM3CN2N7J9MVP87R4FH16FQ4 abstract "Introduction: Exercise thresholds (e.g. ventilatory and lactate thresholds) are widely used in the field of sports science and demarcate the intensity domains of moderate, heavy and severe exercise. Environmental factors will influence the work rate at which these exercise thresholds will occur. Since sports activities are often performed under hot environmental conditions, determination and interpretation of the exercise thresholds in these conditions is needed. Methods: Twelve physically active young men performed four exercise tests in total. Two ramp incremental exercise tests (30W.min-1), one in temperate conditions (18°C) (TEMP) and one in hot conditions (36°C) (HOT), were done to determine the ventilatory thresholds, i.e. gas exchange threshold (GET) and respiratory compensation point (RCP). Two step incremental exercise tests (80W+40W.3min-1) were executed to define the first (LT1) and second (LT2) lactate threshold, both in TEMP and HOT. Exercise tests were performed in randomized order. Paired Samples T-Test was used for the statistical analysis in SPSS. Data are expressed as mean ± SD for n = 12. Results: Work rate at LT2 in HOT is significantly different from LT2 in TEMP (233 ± 34 vs. 246 ± 38 W; p = 0.019). Work rate at thresholds LT1, GET and RCP did not differ between HOT and TEMP. Nevertheless the heartbeat was significantly higher in HOT than in TEMP for threshold LT1 (135 ± 9 vs. 131 ± 10 bpm; p = 0.047), GET (154 ± 8 vs. 143 ± 10 bpm; p = 0.003) and RCP (168 ± 9 vs. 162 ± 10 bpm; p = 0.047). Maximal work rate in the step protocol was significantly lower in HOT than in TEMP (297 vs. 314W; p < 0.001), but not in the ramp protocol (363 ± 50 vs. 371 ± 45 W; p = 0.164). Conclusion: Although there is only at one exercise threshold (LT2) a significant lower work rate in HOT than in TEMP, the altered heart rate at the exercise thresholds must also be included when analyzing and interpreting exercise tests. Protocols of exercise testing should be designed taking into account the environmental conditions in which exercise tests must be performed, and training & peak performance have to be delivered.".
• 01GM3CPXVFBQJ7465MD8Y2NHBH abstract "Background Oxygen is one of the most commonly used drugs by anesthesiologists. The World Health Organization (WHO) gave recommendations regarding perioperative oxygen administration, but the practice of oxygen use in anesthesia, critical emergency, and intensive care medicine remains unclear. Methods We conducted an online survey among members of the European Society of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care (ESAIC). The questionnaire consisted of 46 queries appraising the perioperative period, emergency medicine and in the intensive care, knowledge about current recommendations by the WHO, oxygen toxicity, and devices for supplemental oxygen therapy. Results Seven hundred ninety-eight ESAIC members (2.1% of all ESAIC members) completed the survey. Most respondents were board-certified and worked in hospitals with > 500 beds. The majority affirmed that they do not use specific protocols for oxygen administration. WHO recommendations are unknown to 42% of respondents, known but not followed by 14%, and known and followed by 24% of them. Respondents prefer inspiratory oxygen fraction (FiO(2)) >= 80% during induction and emergence from anesthesia, but intraoperatively < 60% for maintenance, and higher FiO(2) in patients with diseased than non-diseased lungs. Postoperative oxygen therapy is prescribed more commonly according to peripheral oxygen saturation (SpO(2)), but shortage of devices still limits monitoring. When monitoring is used, SpO(2) <= 95% is often targeted. In critical emergency medicine, oxygen is used frequently in patients aged >= 80 years, or presenting with respiratory distress, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, myocardial infarction, and stroke. In the intensive care unit, oxygen is mostly targeted at 96%, especially in patients with pulmonary diseases. Conclusions The current practice of perioperative oxygen therapy among respondents does not follow WHO recommendations or current evidence, and access to postoperative monitoring devices impairs the individualization of oxygen therapy. Further research and additional teaching about use of oxygen are necessary.".
• 01GM3E9GDBKVSFXDMRG4NYQ283 abstract "Docteur en philosophie et lettres, orientation Histoire de l’Art et Archéologie, Eugène Warmenbolest professeur au Département d’Histoire, Arts et Archéologie à l’ULB depuis 2002. Il est également professeur à l’Institut Supérieur d’Histoire de l’Art et d’Archéologie de Bruxelles depuis 1982. Il étudie l’âge du Bronze et l’âge du Fer en Europe du Nord-Ouest, d’Olloy-sur-Viroin à Han-sur-Lesse, entre autres. Actuellement président de la Société belge d’études celtiques, il a également exploré le rôle joué par les Celtes ou les Gaulois, tel Ambiorix, dans les débuts dunationalisme belge. De même, il a été actif sur le terrain en Égypte et en Syrie, mais son intérêt pour l’Égypte ne s’est pas arrêté là, puisque sa thèse aporté sur l’égyptologie et l’égyptomanie en Belgique au XIXe siècle. Il a de plus a été commissaire deplusieurs expositions autour de l’Égypte ancienne et des Celtes. À l’occasion de son 65e anniversaire, 115 de ses collègues et amis ont rédigé 81 contributions, portant sur l’Égyptologie et l’Égyptomanie, le Néolithique et les âges des métaux, l’Antiquité et le Moyen-Âge, sans oublier la relecture des mondes anciens.".
• 01GM3HVQ077WA10V48EM7ASVXB abstract "Background Primary congenital hypothyroidism (CH) is a rare endocrine disorder in cats with a largely unknown genetic cause. Objectives Describe the clinical presentation of CH in 11 affected cats and identify the causal genetic variant. Animals Eleven CH-cats from 10 unrelated families, 11 CH-free family members, 21 unrelated CH-free cats, and 155 unrelated nondiagnosed cats from different breeds. Methods Case control study of CH-cats and their siblings (2019-2021). Diagnosis was based on low to low-normal serum thyroxine (T4) concentrations, high thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) concentrations and clinical signs compatible with CH. We identified the causal variant using Sanger sequencing, genotyping via PCR-RFLP and variant interpretation using ACMG/AMP guidelines. Results All CH-cats (5 weeks-8 years) had disproportionate dwarfism. A goiter was not palpable in all. Thyroid scintigraphy with radiopertechnetate showed abnormally high uptake by thyroid glands, whereas scintigraphy with radioiodine showed abnormally low uptake, compatible with a defect in iodine organification by thyroid peroxidase (TPO). All cases were homozygous for TPO variant XM_006930524.4:c.430G>A(p.(Gly144Arg)), while none of the CH-free cats were. All sampled parents were heterozygous for this recessive variant. This variant was found in 15 cat breeds with an estimated allele frequency of 9%. Conclusions and Clinical Importance Disproportionate dwarfism, abnormally high TSH and abnormally low to low-normal T4 concentrations are diagnostic for CH in cats. All cases had dyshormonogenesis demonstrated by thyroid scintigraphy. This novel TPO missense variant (not described in humans) causes CH in cats and awareness of it can assist in diagnosis and breeding.".
• 01GM3J6PX8TBMQ4GK84DZJZHWY abstract "Yeast cells can play a crucial role in immune activation in fish and shellfish predominantly due to the cell wall component 13-1,3-glucan, providing protection against bacterial or viral infections. However, the immunostimulatory capacity of dietary yeast cells remains poorly studied in bivalves. To understand the role of yeast cell wall components (mannan, 13-glucan and chitin) as immune activators, this study characterized the surface carbohydrate exposure of the wild-type baker's yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae (WT) and its Amnn9 mutant, which presents a defective mannan structure, and compared these profiles with that of 13-glucan particles, using fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-labeled lectin binding analysis. Then, a first trial evaluated the immunological response in Crassostrea gigas juveniles after being fed for 24 h with an algae-based diet (100A) and its 50% substituted version (based on dry weight) with WT (50A50WT) and Amnn9 (50A50Y), and the posterior resistance of the juveniles against Vibrio coralliilyticus infection (trial 1). The mRNA expression was measured for 13-glucan-binding protein (Cg13GBP), Toll-like receptor 4 (CgTLR4), C-type lectin receptor 3 (CgCLec-3), myeloid differentiation factor 88 (CgMyD88), nuclear factor-kappa B (CgNFicB), lysozyme (CgLys), interleukin 17-5 (CgIL17-5), and superoxide dismutase (CgSOD), in oysters, before and 24 h after the bacterial inoculation. A second trial tested the effect of incorporating Amnn9 into the 100A diet for 24 h at different substitution levels: 0, 5, 10, 25, and 50% (100A, 95A5Y, 90A10Y, 75A25Y, and 50A50Y), followed by the bacterial challenge with V. coralliilyticus (trial 2). Our findings showed that the outer cell wall surface of WT is largely composed of mannan, while Amnn9 presents high exposure of 13-glucan and chitin, exhibiting similar FITC-lectin binding profiles (fluorescence intensity) to 13-glucan particles. A significantly higher survival after the bacterial challenge was observed in oysters fed on 50A50Y compared to those fed 50A50WT and 100A in trial 1. This better performance of 50A50Y was supported by significantly higher gene expressions of CgLys, CgSOD, CgMyD88, and Cg13GBP compared to 100A, and CgSOD and CgNFicB in relation to those fed on 50A50WT, prior to the bacterial inoculation. Furthermore, improved survival was observed in oysters fed 50A50Y compared to those offered lower Amnn9 levels and 100A in trial 2. The superior performance of Amnn9-fed oysters is mostly associated with the elevated presence of unmasked 13-glucans on Amnn9 cell wall surface, facilitating their interactions with oyster hemocytes. Further studies are needed to evaluate administration dose and frequency of Amnn9 to develop strategies for long-term feeding.".
• 01GM3JY31TJ3BKJJT9CWJ19H93 abstract "Circular economy is becoming a more important part of our daily life, as we need to move towards a greener, more sustainable future. The seafood, fungi and insect industry create high amounts of chitin rich waste. Chitin can be broken down to the monomer N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc), which can serve as a carbon source for Escherichia coli in the biotechnological production of value-added products such as chitooligosaccharides (COS). E. coli can convert GlcNAc to UDP-GlcNAc via its native hexosamine biosynthesis pathway (HBP). With the addition of a chitin synthase, COS can be produced starting from UDP-GlcNAc. To maximize production, a double carbon source was used, glycerol for growth and GlcNAc for production. However, when engineering the strains to optimize the flow to UDP-GlcNAc and prevent GlcNAc to enter the central metabolism, the strains immediately cease growth. In this research, the so-called amino sugar-P stress is studied to get more fundamental insight in the triggers and regulatory mechanisms and in addition provide us with engineering opportunities to redirect all the incoming GlcNAc to COS production. To identify metabolites triggering amino sugar-P stress, a metabolomics approach was used in which we were able to isolate a metabolite correlated with the changed growth profile after GlcNAc addition. This research contributes to fundamental knowledge about microbial stress and delivers stress-resistant strains, that can be deployed for the valorisation of waste streams enabling the transition to a circular economy and a more responsible production process.".
• 01GM3KPTRTJDWCE8A18WV6BXY7 abstract "Chitooligosaccharides (COS) form an interesting class of molecules in a wide range of industries, like pharma and agriculture. However, current production methods result in a mixture of COS with different properties. Microbial production with E. coli can provide a solution by expressing heterologous enzymes (chitin synthases and deacetylases) that deliver pure and structurally defined COS. The hexosamine biosynthesis pathway (HBP) of E. coli converts N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) into UDP-GlcNAc, the precursor for COS. Furthermore, many industrial wastes contain chitin (e.g. fungal and sea food waste), which can be broken down to GlcNAc. Therefore, GlcNAc can be fed to the cells and valorized in COS, contributing to a circular economy. However, when engineering the HBP to redirect GlcNAc to COS, the cells experience severe stress, resulting in hampered growth or even cell death. To unravel amino sugar-P stress, a range of strains was designed in which GlcNAc enters the HBP via different routes, in order to pressure different parts of the pathway. In a dynamic experiment these strains were grown on glycerol to the exponential phase and then GlcNAc was added. Time resolved samples were collected for metabolomics analysis and the metabolite dynamics were analyzed and related to changed growth patterns. The metabolomics analysis revealed potential stressors involved in amino sugar-P stress. In a next step, this fundamental knowledge will be implemented to better understand the regulatory mechanisms of this stress and to do targeted engineering in order to create an economically viable COS production strain.".
• 01GM3KXW4J3Y8T30JTR9Q32DHZ abstract "INTRODUCTION: Exercise tests is widely used in the field of sports science. The physiological outcomes of these tests are impaired during exercise in hot environmental conditions. Main goal of this research was to investigate the acute heat-effects on exercise performance parameters derived from two different exercise tests: a ramp incremental exercise test to determine the ventilatory thresholds and a step incremental exercise test to define the lactate thresholds. METHODS: Eleven male participants conducted four exercise tests; two ramp and two step maximal incremental exercise tests, one of each in moderate (MOD; 18 ± 1°C) and one of each in hot environmental conditions (HOT; 36 ± 1°C). RESULTS: Work rate at peak level during step test was lower in HOT vs. MOD conditions (306 ± 31 vs. 288 ± 29 W), whereas of the thresholds only the second lactate threshold (LT2) occurred at a lower work rate (239 ± 30 vs. 226 ± 28 W). Physiological responses at these thresholds (oxygen uptake and heart rate) where elevated in HOT vs. MOD conditions and also VO2peak was higher in HOT vs. MOD conditions (P < 0.05). The acute heat-effect appeared to be larger in the step exercise as time to exhaustion decreased more in the step vs. ramp exercise (- 81 ± 46 vs. - 18 ± 35 s). CONCLUSION: Protocols of exercise testing should be designed taking into account the environmental conditions in which exercise tests must be performed, and training and peak performance have to be delivered.".
• 01GM3MH6R6V3RFHSNQZMBSHFW5 abstract "Introduction: Exercise is often impaired in the heat. The purpose of this study was to investigate to what extent acute heat exposure would have detrimental effects on exercise capacity and recovery during high-intensity interval exercise to exhaustion and how core and skin temperature are related. Methods: Twelve physically active women (26.4 ± 3.6 year; 40.9 ± 5.1 ml.min-1.kg-1) volunteered to take part in this study. An interval exercise test was performed in both 18 and 36°C, in which the participants had to cycle three times to exhaustion. The power output of the work bouts (WB) to exhaustion was determined equal to the individual theoretical time to exhaustion in 4 min, based on the critical power concept. The active recovery in between consisted of the power output at 90% of individual gas exchange threshold. Results: Time to exhaustion of WB1, WB2 and WB3 differed (p ≤ 0.005) between 18 and 36°C, respectively 226 ± 32 vs. 190 ± 27 s; 166 ± 26 vs. 120 ± 19 s and 138 ± 26 vs. 92 ± 18 s. Percentual recovery before WB2 (74 ± 12 vs. 64 ± 10 %) and WB3 (62 ± 12 vs. 49 ± 11 %) was also lower (p = 0.001) in 36°C compared to 18°C. Core temperature was only significantly higher in 36°C after WB3 and then onwards, reaching a peak of 39.13 ± 0.38 vs. 38.58 ± 0.31 °C. Meanwhile, skin temperature was at all levels higher in the heat compared to moderate conditions; 35.54 ± 0.13 vs. 27.66 ± 0.19 °C. Conclusion: Exercise capacity and recovery during interval exercise were diminished with acute heat exposure. The rise in core temperature per se is not the main factor eliciting the negative effect. More likely, skin temperature and the temperature gradient, together with other physiological parameters, play an important role.".
• 01GM3MWKZ0QR7N54KGMQ42338E abstract "Introduction: Athletes were expected to perform in extreme circumstances (30-34°C; 60-70% humidity) at the Olympic Games in Tokyo (2021). This case study describes how non-acclimatized Olympic athletes cope with acute heat stress during exercise. Methods: A cyclist (woman; 24 years; 67.9 kg; 179.0 cm), runner (man; 25 years; 59.2 kg; 175.0 cm) and rower (man; 28 years; 79.8 kg; 189.0 cm), qualified for the Tokyo 2020 Olympics, performed a heat stress test (HST) in the lab (34°C, 70% relative humidity and 2 m.s-1 wind speed) 4-5 months prior to competition, to evaluate their tolerance to heat. They executed a sport specific test of 65 min, which included six work bouts (WB) of 3 min at individual anaerobic threshold (AnT) alternating with 2 min recovery at individual aerobic threshold (AT). Core temperature (Tcore; ingestible pill) was measured together with heart rate (HR) and blood lactate concentration (BLa). No hydration was allowed during the test and total sweat loss was calculated afterwards. Results: Tcore surpassed critical values during exercise, with at the end respectively 39.96°C (cyclist), 40.71°C (runner) and 40.32°C (rower). Increased HR was observed between in WB1 and WB6 at AnT (+ 10.3 ± 2.6%) and AT (+ 8.8 ± 5.7%). BLa exceeded a steady state which normally should occur at AnT, 3.5 ± 0.9 mmol.L-1 (WB1) vs. 7.3 ± 2.6 mmol.L-1 (WB6). Total sweat loss was 1.8 L.h-1 (- 2.8% body weight), 1.3 L.h-1 (- 2.4%) and 2.0 L.h-1 (- 2.8%), respectively for the cyclist, runner and rower. Conclusion: Remarkable negative influences of heat on cardiovascular, metabolic and performance parameters were observed. Critical thresholds were exceeded, with considerable inter-individual differences. HST was the first step in a 5-6 months guidance program up to Tokyo 2020 in order to improve future performance in the heat by individualized cooling strategies and acclimation.".
• 01GM3N3X7KRF3G0M3YJJVMCD66 abstract "Introduction: The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of acute heat exposure on the time to exhaustion (TTE) and the recovery kinetics during a high-intensity interval test (HIIT) in a physically active male and female population. Methods: Twelve men (V̇O2peak: 57.9 ± 5.2 ml.min-1.kg-1, age: 25.4 ± 3.3 years, height: 1.82 ± 0.05 m, body mass 74.3 ± 9.1 kg) and twelve women (V̇O2peak: 41.0 ± 5.2 ml.min-1.kg-1, age: 26.4 ± 3.4 years, height: 1.69 ± 0.05 m, body mass 61.9 ± 5.5 kg) performed two HIIT, both in 18°C and 36°C with 40% relative humidity, HIIT-1 and HIIT-2, respectively. HIIT consists of three work bouts (WB) to exhaustion separated by 5 min active recovery, respectively at the intensity equal to the individual theoretical TTE of 4 min, based on the critical power concept (P4), and 90 % of individual gas exchange threshold (90%GET). Results: TTE was lower in HIIT-2 for all WB (p<0.001) and there was a significant interaction effect of WB x sex (p=0.049), with women have a higher TTE at WB2 and WB3 then men. A significant interaction effect of WB x sex (p=0.007) was found for lactate concentration, where men have a higher lactate accumulation in WB3. There was a significant interaction effect of HIIT x WB for heart rate (p=0.011) and core temperature (p=0.001), with higher heart rate in HIIT-2 for WB2 and WB3 and a more increased core temperature after WB2 in HIIT-2, in both sexes. Conclusion: This study showed that acute heat exposure affected TTE in a repeated high-intensity cycling exercise and that women sustained high-intensity exercise better than men. Further analysis of underlying physiological mechanisms (e.g. muscle activity and oxygenation) could elucidate the reducing impact of heat on performance and the difference between men and women.".
• 01GM3NCT0Q66XGH2KN7YDABV84 abstract "Introduction: The effect of heat on interval exercise is, up to now, not well documented, in contrast to sprint and endurance exercise. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of acute heat exposure on the determination of the Critical Power Concept parameters and the recovery kinetics during a high-intensity interval test (HIIT) in a physically active male and female population. Methods: Twelve men (V̇O2peak: 58.2 ± 5.2 ml.min-1.kg-1, age: 25.4 ± 3.3 years, height: 1.82 ± 0.05 m, body mass 74.3 ± 9.1 kg) and twelve women (V̇O2peak: 41.2 ± 5.3 ml.min-1.kg-1, age: 26.4 ± 3.4 years, height: 1.69 ± 0.05 m, body mass 61.9 ± 5.5 kg) performed three constant load tests between 2 and 15 min to establish critical power (CP) and the curvature constant (W’), both in 18°C (TEMP) and 36°C (HOT) with 40% relative humidity. Afterwards, three HIIT were executed., one in TEMP based on CP and W’ determined in TEMP (HIIT-1) and two in HOT, of which one based on CP and W’ determined in TEMP (HIIT-2) and one in HOT (HIIT-3), respectively. HIIT consists of three work bouts (WB) to exhaustion, separated by 5 min active recovery, respectively at the intensity equal to the individual theoretical time to exhaustion (TTE) in 4 min based on CP concept (P4) and 90 % of individual gas exchange threshold (90%GET). Results: CP was lower in HOT compared to TEMP in men (267 ± 29 vs. 249 ± 30 W; p < 0.001) and women (187 ± 30 vs. 176 ± 29 W; p < 0.001), while W’ was higher in men (20.0 ± 3.1 vs. 22.7 ± 4.5 kJ; p = 0.026) and women (12.8 ± 1.6 vs. 14.3 ± 2.6 kJ; p = 0.032). P4 was slightly lower in men (350 ± 32 vs. 344 ± 32 W; p = 0.055) and women (240 ± 32 vs. 235 ± 35 W; p = 0.044). Predicted TTE at WB1 was only correctly estimated (i.e., 240 s) in HIIT-1 in men (235 ± 38 s; p = 0.651 ) and women (226 ± 32 s; p = 0.165). TTE was different in HIIT and WB, regardless of sex of the participants (p = 0.008). Conclusion: This study showed that acute heat exposure affected the determination of CP and W’, using multiple constant load tests, in an opposite direction. The hyperbolic relationship was skewed with acute heat exposure, as short trials (2-5 min) were less impacted, in contrast to long trials (12-15 min). It has been shown that the use CP concept during interval exercise in heat needs special attention. Even though CP and W’ are determined in HOT, TTE in HIIT was still diminished compared to TEMP in both men and women.".
• 01GM3NQQMRTCKFM7G4RZE55VK1 abstract "Purpose The aim of this study was to examine how respiratory (RT) and lactate thresholds (LT) are affected by acute heat exposure in the two most commonly used incremental exercise test protocols (RAMP and STEP) for functional evaluation of aerobic fitness, exercise prescription and monitoring training intensities. Methods Eleven physically active male participants performed four incremental exercise tests, two RAMP (30 W.min(-1)) and two STEP (40 W.3 min(-1)), both in 18 degrees C (TEMP) and 36 degrees C (HOT) with 40% relative humidity to determine 2 RT and 16 LT, respectively. Distinction was made within LT, taking into account the individual lactate kinetics (LTIND) and fixed value lactate concentrations (LTFIX). Results A decrease in mean power output (PO) was observed in HOT at LT (-6.2 +/- 1.9%), more specific LTIND (-5.4 +/- 1.4%) and LTFIX (-7.5 +/- 2.4%), compared to TEMP, however not at RT (-1.0 +/- 2.7%). The individual PO difference in HOT compared to TEMP over all threshold methods ranged from -53 W to +26 W. Mean heart rate (HR) did not differ in LT, while it was increased at RT in HOT (+10 +/- 8 bpm). Conclusion This study showed that exercise thresholds were affected when ambient air temperature was increased. However, a considerable degree of variability in the sensitivity of the different threshold concepts to acute heat exposure was found and a large individual variation was noticed. Test design and procedures should be taken into account when interpreting exercise test outcomes.".
• 01GM3PFQ6H0T6997V7EZ9JYYYE abstract "Purpose: To analyze the physical profile and training program of a world-class lightweight double sculls rowing crew toward the Tokyo 2020 Olympics.Method: A case study in which both rowers performed physical testing in November 2020 and April 2021 (anthropometrics, incremental rowing test, and power profiling). The training program (38 wk) in the buildup to the Olympics was analyzed, providing insight into training characteristics (volume; contribution of rowing, alternative, and strength training; prescribed and recorded [heart rate] training-intensity distribution). The entire period was split into 3 phases: preparation period (8 wk), competition period 1 (11 wk), and competition period 2 (9 wk), and training characteristics were compared.Results: In the April 2021 testing, rower A (1.89 m, 74.6 kg, 4.4% body fat) had a peak oxygen uptake of 5.8 Lmiddotmin-1 (77.8 mLmiddotmin-1middotkg-1) and a peak power output of 491 W. Rower B (1.82 m, 70.6 kg, 7.8% body fat) had a peak oxygen uptake of 5.5 Lmiddotmin-1(77.9 mLmiddotmin-1middotkg-1) and a peak power output of 482 W. The mean weekly training volume was 14 hours 47 minutes (4 h 5 min), of which 58.5% (14.6%) consisted of rowing, 13.4% (6.8%) strength training, and 28.1% (2.6%) alternative training. Heart-rate training-intensity distribution was 77.8% (4.2%) in zone 1, 16.6% (3.7%) in zone 2, and 5.6% (2.8%) in zone 3 with a lower contribution of zone 1 in competition period 1 (P = .029) and competition period 2 (P = .023) compared with the preparation period, and a higher contribution of zone 3 in competition period 1 (P = .018) and competition period 2 (P = .011) compared with the preparation period.Conclusion: The crew combined a high volume of rowing, alternative, and strength training in a pyramidal heart-rate training-intensity distribution throughout the year.".
• 01GM3PP1EFK9QR2352YNY0JWD3 abstract "Background: This paper describes the development process of the mobile health (mHealth) intervention #LIFEGOALS, using the CeHRes Roadmap (van Gemert-Pijnen et al., 2011) as framework. #LIFEGOALS is directed to the general population of young adolescents (12-15y) in Flanders, Belgium, with the aim to improve their lifestyle behaviors for promoting mental health. Objectives: The objectives were to provide an overview of the different activities that formed part of the development process, and to detect its strengths and shortcomings. Methods: #LIFEGOALS was developed using an iterative, multidisciplinary and participatory approach, and by building on behavior change and persuasion theories, and other evidence regarding mHealth effectiveness and engagement. Results: The development activities are described according to the five phases outlined by the CeHRes Roadmap. Part of the contextual inquiry were a literature review, analysis of youth helpline conversations, stakeholder identification, and focus groups with end-users. For value specification, various expert organizations and end-users were consulted. The design phase consisted of the active involvement of the end-users via think-aloud interviews, test-trials, an end-user steering group, and usability testing. Design of the different components took further place within an interdisciplinary team of researchers, graphic designer, programmer, script writers, cinematographer and psychologists. Activities within the operationalization phase were pilot testing, stakeholder consultation, and operationalization planning. Finally, the summative evaluation consisted of a cluster-controlled trial and process evaluation interviews for evaluating effectiveness, engagement and success components. Discussion: eHealth development is an iterative process that is not straightforward to capture in one overview. Nevertheless, the CeHRes Roadmap proved a workable and holistic framework for describing and evaluating the development process. Main challenges of the development of #LIFEGOALS were related to the adoption and implementation of the intervention. The in-detail description of the development process with its strengths and shortcomings can provide guidance for the development of future e- and m-health interventions.".
• 01GM40TR2MH94004AFBNY5FXX3 abstract "This book investigates the representation of the Axis War – the wars of aggression that Fascist Italy fought in North Africa, Greece, the Soviet Union, and the Balkans, from 1940 to 1943 – in three decades of Italian literature. Building on an innovative and interdisciplinary methodology, which combines memory studies, historiography, thematic criticism, and narratology, this book explores the main topoi, themes, and masterplots of an extensive corpus of novels and memoirs to assess the contribution of literature to the reshaping of Italian memory and identity after the end of Fascism. By exploring the influence that public memory exercises on literary depictions and, in return, the contribution of literary texts to the formation and dissemination of a discourse about the past, the book examines to what extent Italian literature helped readers form an ethical awareness of the crimes committed by members of their national community during World War II.".
• 01GM411S452AYEFW7RFMJXC3ZF abstract "The article discusses the story of the armata sagapo as a war rumour, putting it in relation to three other unverified stories of the Second World War that circulated in post-war Italy, i.e. the anecdote of the Soviet dispatch number 630, the speech attributed to Churchill on the performance of the Folgore divisions at El Alamein, and the myth of Italiani brava gente. It shows that all the considered narratives were structured around a common process of ventriloquisation and, by relying on the sociological scholarship that has investigated the phenomenon of rumours, argues that the formation and circulation of these pieces of hearsay were related to the process of renegotiation of Italian identity that followed the collapse of Fascism. While doing this, the article questions the veracity of the story of the sagapo nickname putting forward a new explanation for its creation.".
• 01GM41HB5ZNQ934VPQKSXB24FD abstract "This article consists of interviews with five world experts on the memory of Fascism. Taking the centenary of the March on Rome as an opportunity to rethink the development of Italian collective memory, the five interviewees were asked to reflect on different aspects of the Italian memory of Fascism, addressing the dominant conceptualisations, limits, and transformations of the discourses used to narrate Fascism in Italian culture. The result of these conversations, which touch upon issues related to the memory of the Resistance, the Second World War, the Holocaust, and colonialism, is a rich overview of the main trends and current trajectories of Italian memory culture, which can help us imagine the future directions of the Italian memory of Fascism and enhance interventions in this field by memory scholars and memory activists.".
• 01GM425WCYBF8H6WA8TXPE8914 abstract "After World War II the memory of the war campaigns fought by Fascist Italy in the Axis War tended to be marginalised in the Italian memory culture. Among these neglected war theatres the Eastern Front was the one that received more attention: not only did it constitute a matter of political disputes during the 1950s, but was also often the subject of literary depictions. Yet the representation of Italy's participation in the attack to the Soviet Union was particularly biased and uncritical. Affected by the experience of defeat and by war traumas, the public memories of this war campaign conveyed to the Italians a series of self-absolving myths, which were structured around concepts drawn from Catholic culture. Numerous historical works published in the last decade have exposed the limits of this memory discourse and might have paved the way to a renovation of the Italian memory of the Axis War.".
• 01GM4EQZEXBG7VM620V9F0A3JJ abstract "Two-dimensional (2D) conformal SnO2-Ga2O3 n-p heterostructures were fabricated on a wafer scale for the first time by atomic layer deposition (ALD) technique and their physicochemical properties as well as electrochemical behaviors as supercapacitor electrodes were subsequently investigated. High specific capacitance of 167 F g-1 was achieved at the current density of 7.69 A g-1 after annealing SnO2-Ga2O3 n-p heterostructures at 250 degrees C for 1 h in air. Moreover, sub-10 nm thick n-p heterostructures demonstrated high capacitance retention (-92.55 %) even after 10,000 continuous cycles. These findings are primarily attributed to the development of ultra-thin 2D SnO2-Ga2O3 heterostructures with high crystallinity, enabling fast charge transport through n-p heterojunctions. The results obtained could pay the way for the development of high-performance energy storage devices.".
• 01GM54F1NXJVY10FYV4EDWJ1TJ abstract "This paper proposes a novel method based on the two-dimensional (2D) curvature mode shape method, Con-volutional Neural Networks (CNN), and Faster Region-based Convolutional Neural Networks (faster R-CNN) for detecting damage in slab structures. The 2D curvature mode shapes could be measured directly or calculated from the measured mode shapes using the central difference method. The damage indicator is defined as the absolute differences between the 2D curvature mode shapes of the damaged and intact slabs. The contour plot is chosen to convert the damage indicators into images. Four hundred damage scenarios are created using a Finite Element (FE) model of the slab. Images created from those damage scenarios are then used to train CNN and faster R-CNN. Four damage types are considered in this research, namely a single small hole, a single big hole, two small holes, and two large holes. After training, CNN can predict the damage types and faster R-CNN can predict the bounding boxes around the damaged areas. A test sample set is created to test the performance of the proposed method. The effect of noise in the mode shape data is considered. Results show that the classification accuracy for damage type is high. The overlap ratios between the predicted bounding boxes and the real damaged areas are more than 40% for 80% of tested scenarios. Furthermore, the low influence of noise on the predicted results is investigated. The proposed method is robust and has great potential for application to real structures.".
• 01GM5893A3MQSKT4PA8E5E7ZVX abstract "The addition of exogenous organic matter (EOM) generally stimulates microbial activity and shapes soil structure, likely with stronger effects at a higher application dose. It is not known, however, if and how the application dose of EOM would impact its own mineralisation and that of native soil organic carbon (SOC) by such mediation of soil pore network structure. In 90-day soil incubation experiments, we compared mineralisation of ± 2 cm pieces of 13C-labelled ryegrass as EOM reference at two doses (0.5 g kg−1 vs. 5 g kg−1) and mineralisation of SOC in sandy loam and silt loam soils that were initially subjected to different degrees of disturbance, namely soil sieving at < 2 mm and < 10 mm. We found that the high EOM dose-induced mesoporosity (i.e. vol% increase of pore neck class > 300 μm class by 130% vs. unamended control) and macroporosity (i.e. EOM doses 0.5 g kg−1 and 5 g kg−1 increased the vol% of the 60–100 μm class by 80 and 120% vs. unamended control) formation in the sandy loam soil, whereas the porosity in the silt loam soil remained unaffected. The % of EOM mineralised was independent of EOM dose and therefore did not relate to the changes in soil pore network structure. However, the observed development of meso- and macropores in the sandy loam soil appeared to be associated with stronger stimulation of SOC mineralisation at increasing EOM dose (30% and 71% more SOC mineralisation at low and high dose vs. unamended control). In the silt loam soil, only the high EOM dose-stimulated SOC mineralisation vs. unamended control (28%) but soil pore network structure remained unresponsive to EOM dose. This suggests that stimulation of SOC mineralisation following EOM addition might also be in part linked to the formation of larger pores in the sandy loam soil, and that this stimulation is not always proportional to EOM dose.".
• 01GM58DD7GXXHH6CJY9D0M5FXT abstract "This chapter looks at the opportunities and perspectives that LFG offers for the study of language change, surveying existing LFG approaches within historical linguistics and providing examples of sample phenomena. We discuss how reanalysis, a major driver of language change, can be accounted for elegantly within LFG's parallel architecture thanks to its crucial separation of form from function and, moreover, how different types of reanalysis can be understood, whether they involve rebracketing, recategorization, or changes at the lexical level commonly discussed in terms of grammaticalization. As we also discuss, LFG's fundamental design principles and resulting flexibility of c-structure allow for complex, nuanced accounts of word order change. Furthermore, we survey the opportunities that LFG offers for exploring the complex relationship between variation and change, and in particular frequency effects and gradual change which proceeds via competition. Finally, we signpost future possibilities for work in this relatively underexplored but promising area.".
• 01GM5BYS73QT4NJ0M0YXFAA06C abstract "In this work, two types of gate-all-around (GAA) vertically stacked silicon nanosheet (NS) FETs are investigated, the main difference being the vertical distance between the stacked NSs. Principal electrical parameters are estimated at room and liquid nitrogen temperatures using a refined Y -function methodology, the main advantage being that no extra iterative steps are necessary. The results are confirmed using other derivative dc parameter estimation methodologies. Low-frequency noise measurements evidence variability of the flat-band voltage noise and correlation between the noise level and the low field mobility. The dominant flicker noise mechanism is related to the correlated mobility and carrier number fluctuation mechanism with access resistance noise contribution in very strong inversion. The impact of the access resistance on the estimation of the Coulomb scattering coefficient is evidenced.".
• 01GM5C3RQ54M96WXPEBJ3SDCVW abstract "Twintig jaar na de fusie van de gemeentepolitiediensten van Brussel en Elsene in 2002 kijkt de politiezone PolBru terug op een boeiende evolutie. Zo moesten voormalige rijkswachters na de politiehervorming plotseling lokaal worden geïntegreerd. De vele nationale en internationale evenementen in de hoofdstad werden voortaan op een lokaal niveau ondersteund, zonder te kort te doen aan de basisdienstverlening aan de burgers. Dit boek blikt terug op twintig jaar politiezone PolBru en behandelt daarbij eveneens enkele bredere maatschappelijke thema’s, zoals de diversiteit die de zone in alle opzichten kenmerkt. Een naslagwerk voor eenieder die zich verbonden voelt met het korps.".
• 01GM5C3RQ54M96WXPEBJ3SDCVW abstract "Vingt ans après la fusion des polices communales de Bruxelles et d’Ixelles en 2002, la zone de police PolBru fait le bilan d’une évolution passionnante. Après la réforme de la police, les anciens gendarmes se sont soudainement vus intégrés au niveau local. Les nombreux événements nationaux et internationaux dans la capitale ont dû alors être encadrés au niveau local, qui devait également continuer d’assurer les fonctionnalités de base au profit du citoyen. Ce livre revient non seulement sur les vingt ans de la zone de police PolBru, mais aborde également des thèmes sociaux plus larges, comme celui de la diversité qui caractérise la zone. Un ouvrage de référence pour ceux et celles qui se sentent liés au corps de police.".
• 01GM5C6SQ613W58MWDMG6KE8Q2 abstract "Sustainable enterprises are becoming more popular and play an important role in tackling environmental and social challenges. Their hybrid nature, that is, the combination of financial and societal goals, makes them prone to external legitimacy issues and competing internal logics, which results in mission drift. We investigate whether and how B Corp certification helps remedy mission drift by conducting semi-structured interviews with 16 key employees in 13 Dutch and Belgian certified B Corps from various industries. Our findings show that B Corp certification helps ingrain the mission into human resource management, in both the recruitment and employee engagement processes, which contributes to internal alignment and lowers the risk of mission drift. In addition, certification helps articulate the company's dual nature to finance providers and find financing sources that relate more with the mission.".
• 01GM5GV4RR71PA5SZ78RFVXTB3 abstract "Prof Roels is invited by the Grijze Geuzen Lochristi to talk about ethical dilemmas in health care, on Nov 23rd. During the pandemic patients in old age homes were not always transferred to a hospital for therapy, which resulted in high mortality in these homes. Societies of geriatrics, of intensivists, and some ethical committees promoted a selection based on the "frailty scale", also in order to avoid overcrowding of hospital services. Prof Roels is critical of this behavior because half of the patients with frailty 7-9 survived, and the results are dependent on individual resistance, and on the improvement of therapies. Also the number of intensive beds was increased, so there was never a shortage at the national level. Residents, patients and families are urged to sign an "early planning of care", that may include a refusal of full healing therapy in the hospital; it is unclear whether the consequence of such advance refusal is fully explained and understood. During the pandemic a shortage and overload of the nursing and medical personnel became manifest. Parliament and federal government have raised number and wages of nurses, and favoured schooling. The number of MD's is regulated by quota dating from the last century, after the big doctors strike. The quota will now be raised, but without an immediate effect; government tries to lower doctors workload. Pricing of novel medicines is another dilemma because insurance cannot cope. Prof Roels advises negotiations at the European level with the pharmaceutical companies, instead of per country.".
• 01GM5Q2ZKTWJ1ADEY42XHP274Y abstract "Process curves that are obtained during reactive magnetron sputtering can exhibit a double S-shape, also termed a double hysteresis. A previous study mainly focused on the relationship between the double shape behavior and the reaction kinetics of implanted reactive ions, although chemisorption also defines the target condition. As a follow-up study, the influence of chemisorption on double hysteresis is computationally studied by high-throughput calculations using a state-of-the-art model for reactive sputtering. The analysis reveals that the magnitude of the double hysteresis is a conserved quantity for the chemisorption driven reactions at the substrate level. At the target level, a balance between compound formation by direct reactive ion implantation and chemisorption is established. A minimal condition for double hysteresis is derived and process conditions are identified for which the double hysteresis can be measured for target materials prone to strong chemisorption of the reactive gas. The condition can assist to further explore the close interplay between chemisorption and implantation during reactive sputtering.".
• 01GM5QFJZNP25AZ94BA1WSEMGX abstract "Silver films with a thickness below 50 nanometer were deposited on glass using DC magnetron sputtering. The chemical stability of the films was investigated by exposure of the film to a droplet of a HCl solution in a humid atmosphere. The affected area was monitored with a digital microscope. The affected area increases approximately linearly with time which points to a diffusive mechanism. The slope of the area versus time plot, or the diffusivity, was measured as a function of the acid concentration, the presence of an aluminum seed layer, and film thickness. The diffusivity scales linearly with the acid concentration. It is shown that the diffusivity for Al-seeded Ag films is much lower. The behavior as function of the film thickness is more complex as it shows a maximum.".
• 01GM5RVV8BZ3CV9SEATHM81814 abstract "We propose and test three metaheuristic approaches to extend a single-level FTTH network design heuristic to multiple levels. Each heuristic is evaluated on realistic graphs with over 30000 nodes and 800 terminals. We found a small but significant cost improvement. (C) 2022 The Author(s)".
• 01GM5W70NQAQNCHZ8B25NTAGV4 abstract "Drawing on my time as Director of Research, this chapter describes collective efforts made within the Institute of Cultural Anthropology and Development Sociology at Leiden University in response to three different processes that emerged to control the way researchers relate to their research materials: the invention of a bureaucratic instrument called the Data Management Plan, the issuance of national guidelines on Scientific Integrity for the behavioural and social sciences and the passing of the new General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) legislation in Europe. This chapter reflects on how anthropologists can position themselves when faced with data management requirements that stem from very alien (to anthropologists) notions of what “data” is and how research should be done. While the case described here is specific to the Netherlands (and Europe), similar dynamics exist anywhere that anthropologists have to navigate their own sense of research ethics, the law and university policies – each of which may lead to different conclusions about what the “ethical” course of action is in the field. I draw on examples from my own experience of doing research and making films among, with and about social movements to illustrate the kinds of contradictions that these conflicting data morality frameworks can generate for anthropologists".
• 01GM5XKE53677AS0M7QZR2EGP8 abstract "Catechins have proven to have several health benefits, yet a huge interindividual variability occurs. The meta-bolic potency of the colonic microbiota towards catechin is a key determinant of this variability. Microbiota from two donors - previously characterized as a fast and a slow converter- were incubated with (+)-catechin in vitro. The robustness of in vitro metabolic profiles was verified by well-fitted human trials. The colon region-dependent and donor-dependent patterns were reflected in both metabolic features and colonic microbiota composition. Upstream and downstream metabolites were mainly detected in the proximal and distal colons, respectively, and were considered important explanatory variables for microbiota clustering in the corresponding colon regions. Higher abundances of two catechin-metabolizing bacteria, Eggerthella and Flavonifractor were found in the distal colon compared to the proximal colon and in slow converter than fast converter. Additionally, these two bacteria were enriched in treatment samples compared to sham treatment samples.".
• 01GM5Z3JD3MPMBPGZ2EQX7XN06 abstract "We examine whether and how the autobiographical memories that we share can influence the social support that people offer us. Study 1 examined whether sharing specific (e.g., I was upset when reading my expartner's email last Friday) versus nonspecific (e.g., I was upset) memories influences support giving. Studies 2 and 3 additionally examined the effects of episodic detail (i.e., who, what, where) and specificity on support. Participants offered more support to (hypothetical) profiles that shared specific, compared to nonspecific, memories, but these effects were less consistent than those for memory detail. Participants offered more support to profiles that shared memories that were high, compared to low, in detail. Findings were more consistent for the effects of memory detail on emotional support than instrumental support. These findings support the social function of autobiographical memory and suggest one pathway through which autobiographical memory may influence the help we receive.".
• 01GM601ZWPXBTFVTSXX87FTTXH abstract "We develop a new perspective on various forms of psychological suffering - including attachment issues, burn-out, and fatigue complaints - by drawing on the construct of learned helplessness. We conceptualise learned helplessness in operant terms as the behavioural effects of a lack of reinforcement and in goal-directed terms as the dysregulation of goal-directed behaviour. Our central claim is that if one fails to reach a goal (e.g. the goal to secure a job), then not only this goal but also other related goals (e.g. the goal to maintain social relationships) may lose their motivating effects. The similarity relation between goal stimuli can therefore shed light on how failure in one life domain can come to affect various other life domains. We detail the relation between our proposal and existing theories and discuss new research and clinical directions.".
• 01GM62BEDTX5MN67VKS89CEJK8 abstract "Pseudoxanthoma elasticum (PXE) is an autosomal recessive hallmark disorder of ectopic calcification (EC), where EC and fragmentation of elastic fibers result in skin, ocular and cardiovascular symptoms. PXE is most commonly caused by bi-alllelic pathogenic variants in the ABCC6 gene, encoding an ATP-dependent transmembrane transporter of which the substrate is unknown. With an incompletely understood pathophysiology and being an intractable disease, PXE exemplifies how disease-modeling in zebrafish can help to better understand an EC disorder and provide novel strategies for treatment. The ABCC6 gene has two orthologs in zebrafish, abcc6a and abcc6b. We developed a complete abcc6a knockout zebrafish model using CRISPR/Cas9, showing that it has an essential role in controlling mineralization. The model developed hypermineralization of notochord and ribs starting embryonically and progressing in adulthood with development of scoliosis. This indicated a direct relation between loss of abcc6a expression and dysregulated osteogenesis. We went on to show that an excessive DNA Damage Response was present in the abcc6a-/- fish using expression analysis of DDR/PARP1 targets with QRT-PCR. PARP1 and the ATM‒p21‒p53 axis were found to be significantly increased. In addition, PARP1 downstream targets IL-6, signal transducer and activator of transcription 1/3, TET1, and RUNX2 were upregulated. Finally, we validated our PXE zebrafish as a model for compound screening in EC by showing a reduction of the hypermineralization with known effective drugs such as vitamin K1, etidronate and magnesium citrate. Based on this validation study we demonstrated for the first time that sodium thiosulphate and PARP-inhibition using minocycline are able to attenuate the PXE-related mineralization in vivo. Overall, we demonstrate how to use the PXE zebrafish model in translational research from mechanistic insights to in vivo compound screening.".
• 01GM62ZV3RN93XCB0RE678XF39 abstract "The boiling curve of refrigerant FK-649 at a saturation temperature of 36°C is experimentally determined for nucleate pool boiling on the baseplate of an IGBT power module. The nucleate pool boiling curve can be subdivided in three zones. At low heat fluxes (lower than 20 kW/m²), partial nucleate boiling occurs. This zone is followed by fully developed nucleate boiling, between 20 kW/m² and 90 kW/m², with a significantly steeper slope of the boiling curve. At even higher heat fluxes, between 90 kW/m² and the critical heat flux, the partial dryout zone results in a decrease of the slope of the boiling curve. A single power-max relation is not appropriate to describe this behaviour, although it is found in the most-used correlations for nucleate pool boiling heat transfer. This work proposes a combination of three power-law relations to fit the measurement data, one for each of the three nucleate pool boiling zones.".
• 01GM645QRTWTECB5GMPEKXGY2P abstract "Purpose The purpose of this paper is is to identify the main determinants of insurance profitability on life and non-life segments to obtain which variables affect in each market of the Ecuadorian insurance sector. Design/methodology/approach The authors use a large panel data set with financial information from 2001 to 2017 and estimate the determinants through a panel corrected standard errors regression. Findings The authors found that net premiums, technical reserves, capital ratio and score efficiency are micro-determinants in the life insurance sector, whereas in the non-life sector, the micro-determinants include also claim level and liquidity ratio; moreover, the authors found that HHI is a determinant of profitability only in the life insurance. Among the macro determinants set, the authors found that the interest rate has also a significant impact both in the life and non-life insurance. Originality/value The authors analyze a dollarized emerging country, which is the first time in this kind of studies. The authors also include the structure-conduct-performance and relative market power paradigm as well as the ES hypothesis, calculated through the data envelopment analysis, as determinants of insurance profitability. Finally, this is the first research to examine the determinants of profitability in Latin American and Caribbean insurers.".
• 01GM64N984YC0QGWQ10H1YYV92 abstract "The construction sector is one of the most important sectors for economic development due, among other reasons, to the productive chains that it generates. This paper presents an analysis of the determinants of the total factor productivity (TFP) in the Ecuadorian construction sector during the period 2007-2018. In the first stage, we estimate a production function using the Wooldridge (Economics Letters, 2009, 104, 112-114) estimator to correct the simultaneous determination of inputs and firm unobserved productivity. In the second stage, we analyze the main determinants of TFP. These determinants are classified into four groups: internal, international trade, financial constraints, and external characteristics. Our results suggest that firm age is positively related with TFP but negatively related with TFP growth. Similarly, the fact of being a family firm is negatively related with TFP, but size is positively related with TFP and its growth across the construction subsectors. In addition, we find that access to debt and credit is positively related with productivity, but less-competitive environment is negatively related with productivity. Finally, our results suggest that TFP and its growth are pro-cyclical with respect to the gross domestic product. Our results have several managerial implications that are discussed in this article.".
• 01GM677JX9D92MC2064D6532WF abstract "Cyclic lipopeptides (CLiPs) have many biological functions, including the selective permeabilization of target membranes, and technical and medical applications. We studied the anionic CLiP viscosin from Pseudomonas along with a neutral analog, pseudodesmin A, and the cationic viscosin-E2K to better understand electrostatic effects on target selectivity. Calcein leakage from liposomes of anionic phosphatidylglycerol (PG) and phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) is measured in comparison with net-neutral phosphatidylcholine by time-resolved fluorescence. By contrast to the typical selectivity of cationic peptides against anionic membranes, we find viscosin more active against PG/PE at 30 μM lipid than viscosin-E2K. At very low lipid concentration, the selectivity is reversed. An equi-activity analysis reveals the reciprocal partition coefficients, 1/K, and the CLiP-to-lipid mole ratio within the membrane as leakage after 1 h reaches 50%, Re50. As expected, 1/K to PG/PE is much lower (higher affinity) for viscosin-E2K (3 μM) than viscosin (15 μM). However, the local damage to the PG/PE membrane caused by a viscosin molecule is much stronger than that of viscosin-E2K. This can be explained by the strong membrane expansion due to PG/viscosin repulsion inducing asymmetry stress between the two leaflets and, ultimately, transient limited leakage at Re50 = 0.08. PG/viscosin-E2K attraction opposes expansion and leakage starts only as the PG charges in the outer leaflet are essentially compensated by the cationic peptide (Re50 = 0.32). In the high-lipid regime (at lipid concentrations cL ≫ 1/K), virtually all CLiP is membrane bound anyway and Re50 governs selectivity, favoring viscosin. In the low-lipid regime at cL ≪ 1/K, virtually all CLiP is in solution, 1/K becomes important and the “cation attacks anionic membrane” selectivity gets restored. Overall, activity and selectivity data can only properly be interpreted if the lipid regime is known and predictions for other lipid concentrations or cell counts require knowledge of 1/K and Re50.".
• 01GM6AMZVKBQ61SRDJGRH5NQB3 abstract "Over het werkzame beginsel van Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR)-therapie is de discussie nog volop gaande. Regelmatig wordt de stelling geopperd dat exposure een verklaring biedt voor de werkzaamheid van EMDR. Wat is ervan aan en welke inzichten brengt recent onderzoek ons? In deze bijdrage benaderen we deze vragen vanuit het onderscheid tussen procedures, effecten en mechanismen.".
• 01GM6CB44XFB1F2EVK1EP9P2JM abstract "Background and objectives: Models are omnipresent in science. We introduce a novel framework to achieve more effective modelling practices in general psychology and experimental psychopathology. Method: We analyze three types of models that are common in psychology: laboratory models, computational models, and cognitive models. We then evaluate two common ways to assess the translational value of models (phenomenological similarity and deep similarity) as well as an arguably underappreciated way (functional similarity). Functional similarity is based on an assessment of whether variables (e.g., the administration of a pharmacological substance) have a similar effect (a) in the model (e.g., in a fear conditioning procedure) and (b) on the real-life target phenomenon (e.g., on real-life anxiety complaints). Conclusions: We argue that the assessment of functional similarity is a powerful tool to assess the translational value of models in the field of experimental psychopathology and beyond.".
• 01GM6D58FMNP8T4VVPW0GHNKYP abstract "People are more likely to engage in various suboptimal behaviors such as overeating, addictive behaviors, and short-sighted financial decision-making when they are under stress. Traditional dual-process models propose that stress can impair the ability to engage in goal-directed behavior so that people have to rely on habitual behavior. Support for this idea comes from a study by Schwabe and Wolf (2010), in which stressed participants continued to perform a learned instrumental behavior leading to a liquid after the liquid was devalued with a satiation procedure. Based on these findings, suboptimal behavior under stress is often seen as habitual. In the present study, we conducted a conceptual replication of the study by Schwabe and Wolf (2010). Instead of using a satiation procedure to achieve the outcome devaluation, we devalued outcomes through taste aversion. We did not replicate the pattern of findings by Schwabe and Wolf (2010). Our results indicate instead that stressed participants were sensitive to outcome values when the outcomes became truly aversive and hence that their behavior was goal-directed. This suggests either that (a) habitual processes are subject to boundary conditions or (b) the processes responsible for the findings of Schwabe and Wolf (2010) were never habitual to begin with. This may have far-reaching implications for explaining suboptimal behavior under stress in general.".
• 01GM6VKVWW4ZBKRT8WJ1X0X7K9 abstract "In 2019, Belgian theatre director and sociologist Frédérique Lecomte brought a crew of Belgian performers to the Democratic Republic of Congo to create a performance with and about child soldiers. Not having any command of the local languages, Lecomte relied on multilingual performers doubling as interpreters to facilitate communication with participants and audience. In Brussels, an alternative version was devised with asylum seekers. Lecomte developed the method ‘Theatre and Reconciliation’ to make theatre with vulnerable individuals in zones of conflict. Working with perpetrators as well as victims, she employs theatre as a tool for reconciliation and a space to deal with trauma. In this process, language serves as a vehicle for self-expression and exchange of experiences. The efforts made to understand the other are essential. This presentation examines the various ways that short-consecutive interpreting by the performers, both during the creation process and performance, contributes to the method’s objectives and aligns with its key working principles. By analysing their profiles, actions and roles, my paper reveals how the interpreters perform a multifold bridging function extending far beyond linguistic mediation as well as how ‘voicing’ the other promotes group cohesion and prompts interpreters to engage in an act of deep listening. At the same time, a critical discussion of the interpreter’s position, qualifications and responsibilities when working with traumatized participants and in politically tense climates, is called for.".
• 01GM7QG32EWA0TYC3KAGJR3G69 abstract "PurposeTo support acquisition of accurate, reproducible and high-quality preclinical imaging data, various standardisation resources have been developed over the years. However, it is unclear the impact of those efforts in current preclinical imaging practices. To better understand the status quo in the field of preclinical imaging standardisation, the STANDARD group of the European Society of Molecular Imaging (ESMI) put together a community survey and a forum for discussion at the European Molecular Imaging Meeting (EMIM) 2022. This paper reports on the results from the STANDARD survey and the forum discussions that took place at EMIM2022. ProceduresThe survey was delivered to the community by the ESMI office and was promoted through the Society channels, email lists and webpages. The survey contained seven sections organised as generic questions and imaging modality-specific questions. The generic questions focused on issues regarding data acquisition, data processing, data storage, publishing and community awareness of international guidelines for animal research. Specific questions on practices in optical imaging, PET, CT, SPECT, MRI and ultrasound were further included. ResultsData from the STANDARD survey showed that 47% of survey participants do not have or do not know if they have QC/QA guidelines at their institutes. Additionally, a large variability exists in the ways data are acquired, processed and reported regarding general aspects as well as modality-specific aspects. Moreover, there is limited awareness of the existence of international guidelines on preclinical (imaging) research practices. ConclusionsStandardisation of preclinical imaging techniques remains a challenge and hinders the transformative potential of preclinical imaging to augment biomedical research pipelines by serving as an easy vehicle for translation of research findings to the clinic. Data collected in this project show that there is a need to promote and disseminate already available tools to standardise preclinical imaging practices.".
• 01GM7QQHANMB6768NNJHNRJT2B abstract "This book explores women’s editorial and salon activities in Southern Europe and provides a comparative view of their practices. It argues that women in Spain, Italy, Portugal and Greece used their double role as editors and salonnières to engage with foreign cultures, launch the careers of promising young authors and advocate for modernization and social change. By examining a neglected body of periodicals edited between 1860 and 1920, this book sets out to explore women’s editorial agendas and their interest in creating a connection between salon life and the print press. What purpose did this connection serve? How did women editors use their periodicals and their salons to create opportunities for cross-cultural exchange? In what ways did women use their double role as editors and salonnières to promote modernization and social progress in Southern Europe? By addressing these questions, this monograph contributes to the recent expansion of scholarship on nineteenth and twentieth-century periodicals and opens new avenues for theoretical reflection on European modernity. It also invites scholars and non-specialist readers to question the center vs. periphery model and to consider Southern European counties as cultural hubs in their own right. ".
• 01GM7WQ1YA3B1C6BZ7GHT2WMVX abstract "In the present research, in order to screen out the best candidates from 12 different EOCs, we proposed three in vivo screening methods, namely the screening method of bioluminescence of V. campbellii associated with brine shrimp, regrowth performance of V. campbellii, and immune gene expression of brine shrimp without challenge. Our result showed that challenged with V. campbellii at 107 cells/mL, the survival of the brine shrimp at 48 h was significantly increased after treatment with the EOCs (at 0.0005%, v/v) of 4-allylanisole, R-(+)-limonene, S-(- )-limonene, (-)-terpinen-4-ol, (+/-)-citronellal, citral, trans-cinnamaldehyde and (+)-carvone, compared to the positive control group. Also, it was observed that the EOCs-of 4-allylanisloe, R-(+)-limonene, S-(-)-limonene, (- )-beta-pinene, geraniol, (+/-)-citronellal, citral, trans-cinnamaldehyde and (+)-carvone decreased significantly the in vivo bioluminescence of V. campbellii at 36 h after Vibrio exposure. The regrowth assay showed that inde-pendently from incubation time (1, 12 or 24 h), no difference was observed in the regrowth curve in all EOC treatment groups compared to the positive control group. The dscam gene expression in the (+/-)-citronellal group, and the sod gene in the citral group were observed to be significantly higher than in the negative control at 24 h, respectively. However, most of the immune genes were down-regulated in the EOC groups. Combining the survival data at 48 h with the bioluminescence result at 36 h, it was noted that the survival rate of brine shrimp was moderately correlated with in vivo bioluminescence of V. campbellii. The results indicate that the approach of determining in vivo bioluminescence of V. campbellii is a moderately reliable, fastest, and cheapest screening method for EOCs. As the regrowth performance assay of V. campbellii, and the immune genes expression assay of brine shrimp without challenge cannot predict Artemia survival properly, they cannot be used as screening methods for EOCs. Moreover, the immune genes expression assay is relatively slow, time-consuming and costly.".
• 01GM7WYFKHZATQQ0MEW9XMXWJV abstract "Photoluminescent color conversion by quantum dots (QDs) makes possible the formation of spectrum-ondemand light sources by combining blue LEDs with the light generated by a specific blend of QDs. Such applications, however, require a near-unity photoluminescence quantum efficiency since self-absorption magnifies disproportionally the impact of photon losses on the overall conversion efficiency. Here, we present a synthesis protocol for forming InP-based QDs with +90% quantum efficiency across the full visible spectrum from blue/cyan to red. The central features of our approach are as follows: (1) the formation of InP core QDs through one-batch-one-size reactions based on aminophosphine as the phosphorus precursor, (2) the introduction of a core/ shell/shell InP/Zn(Se,S)/ZnS structure, and (3) the use of specific interfacial treatments, most notably the saturation of the ZnSe surface with zinc acetate prior to ZnS shell growth. Moreover, we adapted the composition of the Zn(Se,S) inner shell to attain the intended emission color while minimizing line broadening induced by the InP/ZnS lattice mismatch. The protocol is established by analysis of the QD composition and structure using multiple techniques, including solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and Raman spectroscopy, and verified for reproducibility by having different researchers execute the same protocol. The realization of full-spectrum, +90% quantum efficiency will strongly facilitate research into light-matter interaction in general and luminescent color conversion in particular through InP-based QDs.".
• 01GM813W3SR3NFX2CX6YFZSHRF abstract "To resolve time-consuming and imperceptible monitoring problems in the traditional systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment (SELEX), we report gold nanoparticle-assisted SELEX (GNP-SELEX) as a visual, proofreading, and self-monitoring platform and its application to small molecule-binding single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) aptasensors. Through the colorimetric changes between rounds, GNP-SELEX enabled the rapid determination of target-specific aptamer library enrichment with neither target modification nor extra monitoring process. We identified ssDNA aptamers with high selectivity and binding affinity by targeting two small molecules (brassinolide; BL and bisphenol A; BPA) as a model. The rational design of selected aptamers by 3D molecular simulation increased their ability to detect BL or BPA in real samples as bioreceptors. These results suggest that GNP-SELEX is useful as a self-monitoring platform to discover ssDNA aptamers as well as to develop aptasensors for diverse targets in a rapid and simple way.".
• 01GM82QNXZ286GTSQYVBQFANGW abstract "The ever-increasing size of programmable photonic integrated circuits necessitates the development of specialised routing algorithms, capable of handling different mesh architectures and magnitudes. We develop an algorithm specifically adapted to the unique characteristics of programmable photonic circuits. (C) 2022 The Author(s)".
• 01GM88SMV6M7B8B1KGDA9P7DTB abstract "We applaud De Neys for drawing attention to the interaction between intuiting and deliberating without committing to single- or dual process models. It remains unclear, however, how he conceptualizes the distinction between intuiting and deliberating. We propose several levels at which the distinction can be made and discuss the merits of defining intuiting and deliberating as different types of behavior.".
• 01GM8B6CANPQQ3M42XT8YNZBJ6 abstract "Technological advancement has created the possibility of providing investment advice and managing funds without any, or with only limited, human intervention (so-called robo-advice). In this paper, it is argued that robo-advisory services offer additional protection to retail investors since they - contrary to execution only services provided by online brokers - require a suitability test. However, robo-advice also creates certain risks, in particular because of the lack of personal contact and the use of algorithms. Therefore, financial intermediaries offering robo-advisory services must clearly explain the concept of robo-advice, ask clear and sufficient questions, ensure their algorithms provide suitable advice and provide clear, comprehensible and not-misleading information. As far as enforcement is concerned, financial supervisors must be able to verify the algorithms used and retail investors suffering damages because of unsuitable investment advice must be entitled to compensation, without having to prove that the algorithm was flawed.".
• 01GM8BFQ35H17GZZ45F6A8HRCY abstract "Background: Existing kinematic studies of the shoulder girdle focus on humerothoracic movements. Isolated scapulothoracic movements are also performed during daily activities and rehabilitation but kinematic values are lacking. Methods: A kinematic analysis was performed in 14 cadaveric shoulders during protraction, retraction, and shrug. An optical navigation system was used to analyze sternoclavicular, scapulothoracic, and acromioclavicular motions. Results: In the sternoclavicular joint, shrug and retraction caused a posterior clavicular rotation of 5° (standard deviation [SD] 6°) and 3° (SD 2°), while protraction induced an anterior rotation of 3° (SD 2°). Shrug caused a large clavicular elevation of 25° (SD 5°). Shrug and retraction caused an increase in retraction of 17° (SD 5°) and 9° (SD 2°). Protraction induced an increase of 10° (SD 2°) toward protraction. In the scapulothoracic joint, shrug induced an increase of 3° (SD 2°) in anterior scapular tilt, and a lateral rotation of 26° (SD 4°). Retraction caused a lateral rotation of 4° (SD 3°). Protraction caused an increase of 7° (SD 2°) in the scapular protraction position, while shrug and retraction demonstrated a decrease of 9° (SD 2°) and 6° (SD 5°). In the acromioclavicular joint, posterior tilting of the scapula compared to the clavicle increased 23° (SD 6°) during shrug, while during protraction an increase of only 4° (SD 3°) was seen. During shrug, relative lateral rotation increased 13° (SD 4°). The protraction movement decreased the relative protraction position with 3° (SD 2°). Conclusion: This study provided normative kinematic values of scapulothoracic movements in the shoulder girdle.".
• 01GM8C4YW6ZPWFBY0N4BPJ2PQF abstract "Background : Research indicates various problems with internal modelling in DCD. Partially related to this, some studies have found neurological evidence for impairments in the action observation network. Nonetheless, interventions that strongly rely on these mechanisms, such as motor imagery or observational learning, appear to facilitate motor learning in DCD. Objectives : In this study we aimed to gain a deeper understanding of the action observation processes in children with DCD. To this end we examined to what extend their brain perceives a sequence of static body postures as biological movement. Methods : Children were instructed to observe two types of cyclical sequences of body postures: one with fluent apparent motion, the other non-fluent. Using EEG frequency tagging periodic brain responses were objectively related to the repetition of body movements (presented at 1.67 Hz) and the repetition of posture sequences (at 0.83 Hz) in the EEG frequency spectrum. Results : Preliminary data of seven children with DCD and seven age-, gender- and handedness-matched typically developing children (age range: 10-14) suggest that children with DCD bind successive body postures into a continuous movement percept to an equal extent as their peers, indicated by similar neural responses at the frequency of body movement repetition (1.67 Hz). Conclusion : Using a direct neurological measure for action perception, it was found that children with DCD do perceive successive static body postures as sequences of biological motion. This strengthens action observation as a tool for motor learning in this population.".
• 01GM8CCN0099CGFZJ0NAJGVWPF abstract "Erkende werkgeversorganisaties van havenbedrijven moeten, vanuit de filosofie van de wet-Major, op havenbreed niveau voldoen aan de toepassingsvoorwaarden van de BV-vrijstellingen. Dat bevestigt de wet van 20 november 2022 houdende diverse fiscale en financiële bepalingen. Die organisaties worden voortaan aangemerkt als de werkgever van alle havenarbeiders die in een havengebied werken. Vooral wat betreft de BV-vrijstelling voor ploegenarbeid heeft dit een belangrijke impact op de werkgeversorganisaties en individuele havenbedrijven.".
• 01GM8F7V15KPE5F4SN375AD9XZ abstract "Fluorinated carbohydrates have found many applications in the glycosciences. Typically, these contain fluorination at a single position. There are not many applications involving polyfluorinated carbohydrates, here defined as monosaccharides in which more than one carbon has at least one fluorine substituent directly attached to it, with the notable exception of their use as mechanism-based inhibitors. The increasing attention to carbohydrate physical properties, especially around lipophilicity, has resulted in a surge of interest for this class of compounds. This review covers the considerable body of work toward the synthesis of polyfluorinated hexoses, pentoses, ketosugars, and aminosugars including sialic acids and nucleosides. An overview of the current state of the art of their glycosidation is also provided.".
• 01GM8FYB4T8TG1WRV577T50APR abstract "The cubane ring has received intense attention as a 3D benzene isostere and scaffold. Mono- and 1,4-disubstituted cubanes are well-described. Here we report a practical procedure for a direct radical-mediated chlorocarbonylation process initially reported by Bashir-Hashemi, to access a range of 2-substituted 1,4-cubanedicarboxylic ester derivatives. A subsequent regioselective ester hydrolysis to give fully differentiated 1,2,4-trisubstituted cubanes is demonstrated.".
• 01GM8FYB7YF4F8B7QQE154CYQZ abstract "Protein-carbohydrate interactions are implicated in many biochemical/biological processes that are fundamental to life and to human health. Fluorinated carbohydrate analogues play an important role in the study of these interactions and find application as probes in chemical biology and as drugs/diagnostics in medicine. The availability and/or efficient synthesis of a wide variety of fluorinated carbohydrates is thus of great interest. Here, we report a detailed study on the synthesis of monosaccharides in which the hydroxy groups at their 4- and 6-positions are replaced by all possible mono- and difluorinated motifs. Minimization of protecting group use was a key aim. It was found that introducing electronegative substituents, either as protecting groups or as deoxygenation intermediates, was generally beneficial for increasing deoxyfluorination yields. A detailed structural study of this set of analogues demonstrated that dideoxygenation/fluorination at the 4,6-positions caused very little distortion both in the solid state and in aqueous solution. Unexpected trends in alpha/beta anomeric ratios were identified. Increasing fluorine content always increased the alpha/beta ratio, with very little difference between regio- or stereoisomers, except when 4,6-difluorinated.".
• 01GM8GX2K6TSJ4N80KRKFG98FY abstract "Hypothesis Underground hydrogen (H-2) storage is a potentially viable solution for large-scale cyclic H-2 storage; however, the behavior of H-2 at subsurface pressure and temperature conditions is poorly known. This work investigates if the pore-scale displacement processes in H-2-brine systems in a porous sandstone can be sufficiently well defined to enable effective and economic storage operations. In particular, this study investigates trapping, dissolution, and wettability of H-2-brine systems at the pore-scale, at conditions that are realistic for subsurface H-2 storage. Experiments We have performed in situ X-ray imaging during a flow experiment to investigate pore-scale processes during H-2 injection and displacement in a brine saturated Bentheimer sandstone sample at temperature and pressure conditions representative of underground reservoirs. Two injection schemes were followed for imbibition: displacement of H-2 with H-2-equilibrated brine and with non-H-2-equilibrated brine. The results from the two cycles were compared with each other. Findings The sandstone was found to be wetting to the brine and non-wetting to H-2 after both displacement cycles, with average contact angles of 54 degrees and 53 degrees for H-2-equilibrated and non-H-2-equilibrated brine respectively. We also found a higher recovery of H-2 (43.1%) when displaced with non-H-2-equilibrated brine compared to that of H-2-equilibrated brine (31.6%), indicating potential dissolution of H-2 in the unequilibrated imbibing brine at reservoir conditions. Our results suggest that underground H-2 storage may indeed be a suitable strategy for energy storage, but considerable further research is needed to fully comprehend the pore-scale interactions at reservoir conditions.".
• 01GM8H6SFZJ7K8TRM3SVHNTK10 abstract "We present a dataset of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data (T1, diffusion, BOLD) acquired in 25 brain tumor patients before the tumor resection surgery, and six months after the surgery, together with the tumor masks, and in 11 controls (recruited among the patients' caregivers). The dataset also contains behavioral and emotional scores obtained with standardized questionnaires. To simulate personalized computational models of the brain, we also provide structural connectivity matrices, necessary to perform whole-brain modelling with tools such as The Virtual Brain. In addition, we provide blood-oxygen-level-dependent imaging time series averaged across regions of interest for comparison with simulation results. An average resting state hemodynamic response function for each region of interest, as well as shape maps for each voxel, are also contributed.".
• 01GM8H9AN1QKM8Y46ZKX3MGW49 abstract "We present a directed search for continuous gravitational wave (CW) signals emitted by spinning neutron stars located in the inner parsecs of the Galactic Center (GC). Compelling evidence for the presence of a numerous population of neutron stars has been reported in the literature, turning this region into a very interesting place to look for CWs. In this search, data from the full O3 LIGO-Virgo run in the detector frequency band [10, 2000] Hz have been used. No significant detection was found and 95% confidence level upper limits on the signal strain amplitude were computed, over the full search band, with the deepest limit of about 7.6 x 10(-26) at similar or equal to 142 Hz. These results are significantly more constraining than those reported in previous searches. We use these limits to put constraints on the fiducial neutron star ellipticity and r-mode amplitude. These limits can be also translated into constraints in the black hole mass-boson mass plane for a hypothetical population of boson clouds around spinning black holes located in the GC.".
• 01GM8HBDWYAZD73NN6MNWCA3WB abstract "Understanding the interaction between competing fluids in the pore space of rocks is key for predicting subsurface flow and trapping, such as with CO2 in a saline aquifer. These processes occur over a large span of timescales (from seconds to thousands of years), and length scales (from microns to kilometers). Understanding the link between these temporal and spatial scales will enable us to interpolate between observations made at different resolutions. In this work we explore the temporal scales present during macroscopically steady-state multiphase flow in a porous carbonate rock using differential pressure measurements acquired over a period of 60 min. Nitrogen and brine were injected simultaneously into a sample 5 mm in diameter and 21 mm in length. We observe a cascade of timescales in the pressure differential that is, a continuous range of frequencies, with lower frequencies having greater amplitudes. We demonstrate a scaling of the spectral density with frequency of S similar to 1/f(2), or red noise, to describe the dynamics. This scaling is independent of the flow rate of the fluids or the fraction of the flow taken by water. This red, or Brownian, noise indicates a stochastic process where pressure fluctuations are seen throughout the pore space, resulting in intermittent filling of pores over a wide range of time-scales, from seconds to minutes in these experiments. The presence of red noise suggests self-organized critically, with no characteristic time or length scale.".
• 01GM8HFY91PZKGVV1BRWFGSN5M abstract "This dataset contains derivatives of the dataset collected and preprocessed as described in [https://www.eneuro.org/content/5/3/ENEURO.0083-18.2018](https://www.eneuro.org/content/5/3/ENEURO.0083-18.2018) and detailed in the Data Descriptor. These derivatives are: BOLD time series averaged over 68 regions of interest according to the Desikan-Kilianny atlas, and a structural connectivity matrix displaying the fibers connecting each pair of these regions of interest, derived from the DWI data. The locations of the areas, the centers, the fiber lengths and densities are also included. The computational models are implemented at each of these regions of interested, connected according to the white matter fibers. The empirical functional connectivity matrix (the Pearson correlation among pairs of BOLD time series from each ROI) is used to fit the model. The raw data used in this study is published on [openneuro.org](https://openneuro.org/).".
• 01GM8HN03DVWQ0CASG2T1JJCA7 abstract "Brain Tumor Connectomics Data Post-operative data of 7 glioma patients, 12 meningioma patients (1 [sub-PAT11] with bad data quality) and 10 control subjects. Out of the 11 glioma patients, 14 meningioma patients, and 11 healthy controls that were included pre-surgically ("BTC_preop, ds001226" on OpenNeuro), 7 glioma patients (1 drop-out, 1 no resection, 2 end of study), 12 meningioma patients (1 drop-out, 1 MRI not possible because of cochlear implant), and 10 healthy controls (1 drop-out) agreed to participate post-operatively.".
• 01GM8HQDJGB52QQBJRRZ160AKV abstract "Brain Tumor Connectomics Data Post-operative data of 7 glioma patients, 12 meningioma patients (1 [sub-PAT11] with bad data quality) and 10 control subjects. Out of the 11 glioma patients, 14 meningioma patients, and 11 healthy controls that were included pre-surgically ("BTC_preop, ds001226" on OpenNeuro), 7 glioma patients (1 drop-out, 1 no resection, 2 end of study), 12 meningioma patients (1 drop-out, 1 MRI not possible because of cochlear implant), and 10 healthy controls (1 drop-out) agreed to participate post-operatively.".
• 01GM8HW43F0WRXJ04QSQK9SWMQ abstract "We report the results of the first joint observation of the KAGRA detector with GEO600. KAGRA is a cryogenic and underground gravitational-wave detector consisting of a laser interferometer with 3km arms, located in Kamioka, Gifu, Japan. GEO600 is a British-German laser interferometer with 600m arms, located near Hannover, Germany. GEO600 and KAGRA performed a joint observing run from April 7 to 20, 2020. We present the results of the joint analysis of the GEO-KAGRA data for transient gravitational-wave signals, including the coalescence of neutron-star binaries and generic unmodeled transients. We also perform dedicated searches for binary coalescence signals and generic transients associated with gamma-ray burst events observed during the joint run. No gravitational-wave events were identified. We evaluate the minimum detectable amplitude for various types of transient signals and the spacetime volume for which the network is sensitive to binary neutron-star coalescences. We also place lower limits on the distances to the gamma-ray bursts analyzed based on the non-detection of an associated gravitational-wave signal for several signal models, including binary coalescences. These analyses demonstrate the feasibility and utility of KAGRA as a member of the global gravitational-wave detector network.".
• 01GM8J1HFC887ET403FQ868V9C abstract "Results are presented for a semicoherent search for continuous gravitational waves from the low-mass x-ray binary Scorpius X-1, using a hidden Markov model (HMM) to allow for spin wandering. This search improves on previous HMM-based searches of Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory data by including the orbital period in the search template grid, and by analyzing data from the latest (third) observing run. In the frequency range searched, from 60 to 500 Hz, we find no evidence of gravitational radiation. This is the most sensitive search for Scorpius X-1 using a HMM to date. For the most sensitive subband, starting at 256.06 Hz, we report an upper limit on gravitational wave strain (at 95% confidence) of h(0)(95%) = 6.16 x 10(-26), assuming the orbital inclination angle takes its electromagnetically restricted value. iota = 44 degrees. The upper limits on gravitational wave strain reported here are on average a factor of similar to 3 lower than in the second observing run HMM search. This is the first Scorpius X-1 HMM search with upper limits that reach below the indirect torque-balance limit for certain subbands, assuming iota = 44 degrees.".
• 01GM8KMBA52T2K8D580BAYCQPP abstract "We present a targeted search for continuous gravitational waves (GWs) from 236 pulsars using data from the third observing run of LIGO and Virgo (O3) combined with data from the second observing run (O2). Searches were for emission from the l = m = 2 mass quadrupole mode with a frequency at only twice the pulsar rotation frequency (single harmonic) and the l = 2, m = 1, 2 modes with a frequency of both once and twice the rotation frequency (dual harmonic). No evidence of GWs was found, so we present 95% credible upper limits on the strain amplitudes h (0) for the single-harmonic search along with limits on the pulsars' mass quadrupole moments Q (22) and ellipticities epsilon. Of the pulsars studied, 23 have strain amplitudes that are lower than the limits calculated from their electromagnetically measured spin-down rates. These pulsars include the millisecond pulsars J0437-4715 and J0711-6830, which have spin-down ratios of 0.87 and 0.57, respectively. For nine pulsars, their spin-down limits have been surpassed for the first time. For the Crab and Vela pulsars, our limits are factors of similar to 100 and similar to 20 more constraining than their spin-down limits, respectively. For the dual-harmonic searches, new limits are placed on the strain amplitudes C (21) and C (22). For 23 pulsars, we also present limits on the emission amplitude assuming dipole radiation as predicted by Brans-Dicke theory.".
• 01GM8KSY9SEC5FGPFEN7RNWJAJ abstract "The tendency to continue or intensify gambling after losing (loss-chasing) is widely regarded as a defining feature of gambling disorder. However, loss-chasing in real gambling contexts is multifaceted, and some aspects are better understood than others. Gamblers may chase losses between multiple sessions or within a single session. Furthermore, within a session, loss-chasing can be expressed in the decision of (1) when to stop, (2) how much stake to bet, and (3) the speed of play after winning and losing. Using a large player-tracking data set (>2500 players, >10 million rounds) collected from the online commercial game <jats:italic>Mystery Arena</jats:italic>, we examined these three behavioral expressions of within-session loss-chasing. While the first two aspects (when to stop and how much stake to bet) have been examined previously, the current research is the first large-scale study to examine the effects of wins and losses on the speed of play in real gambling. The players were additionally assigned different involvement levels by the operator based on their gambling behavior on the operator’s own platform, which further allowed us to examine group differences in loss-chasing. We found that after winning, both the high- and low-involvement groups were less likely to stop, and increased the stake amount, thus showing win-chasing instead of loss-chasing in these two facets. After losing, both groups played more quickly though, which may reflect an urge to continue gambling (as an expression of loss-chasing). Wins and losses had a smaller influence on the speed of play for the high-involvement players, suggesting that they might have reduced sensitivity to wins and/or losses. Future work can further examine chasing in different gambling products and in people with gambling problems to assess the generalizability of these findings.".
• 01GM8M3KY2DEXJY3FSK4AHCBQ3 abstract "We report on a search for compact binary coalescences where at least one binary component has a mass between 0.2 M-circle dot and 1.0 M-circle dot in Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo data collected between 1 April 2019 1500 UTC and 1 October 2019 1500 UTC. We extend our previous analyses in two main ways: we include data from the Virgo detector and we allow for more unequal mass systems, with mass ratio q >= 0.1. We do not report any gravitational-wave candidates. The most significant trigger has a false alarm rate of 0.14 yr(-1). This implies an upper limit on the merger rate of subsolar binaries in the range [220 - 24200] Gpc(-3) yr(-1), depending on the chirp mass of the binary. We use this upper limit to derive astrophysical constraints on two phenomenological models that could produce subsolar-mass compact objects. One is an isotropic distribution of equal-mass primordial black holes. Using this model, we find that the fraction of dark matter in primordial black holes in the mass range 0.2 M-circle dot < m(PBH) < 1.0 M-circle dot is f(PBH) equivalent to Omega(PBH)/Omega(DM) less than or similar to 6%. This improves existing constraints on primordial black hole abundance by a factor of similar to 3. The other is a dissipative dark matter model, in which fermionic dark matter can collapse and form black holes. The upper limit on the fraction of dark matter black holes depends on the minimum mass of the black holes that can be formed: the most constraining result is obtained at M-min = 1 M-circle dot, where f(DBH) equivalent to Omega(DBH)/Omega(DM) less than or similar to 0.003%. These are the first constraints placed on dissipative dark models by subsolar-mass analyses.".
• 01GM8M9JEZSTWNWECPGDRFA2BY abstract " Quantifying which neurons are important with respect to the classification decision of a trained neural network is essential for understanding their inner workings. Previous work primarily attributed importance to individual neurons. In this work, we study which groups of neurons contain synergistic or redundant information using a multivariate mutual information method called the O-information. We observe the first layer is dominated by redundancy suggesting general shared features (i.e. detecting edges) while the last layer is dominated by synergy indicating local class-specific features (i.e. concepts). Finally, we show the O-information can be used for multi-neuron importance. This can be demonstrated by re-training a synergistic sub-network, which results in a minimal change in performance. These results suggest our method can be used for pruning and unsupervised representation learning. ".
• 01GMAAMM3MJ8EC3JDT0T7E9T8E abstract "Background: Residual horizontal instability after surgical treatment for acromioclavicular joint injuries is seen as a potential cause of suboptimal clinical outcomes. Biomechanical studies have demonstrated that the acromio-clavicular capsule/ligaments are the primary restraints for anteroposterior translation. However, limited studies have addressed the biomechanics of a reconstruction of the acromioclavicular capsule/ligaments. The aim of this systematic review was to evaluate the biomechanical role of acromioclavicular capsule/ligament reconstruction techniques after an acromioclavicular joint injury.Methods: A search was carried out on the databases Medline and EMBASE, and was conducted according to the PRISMA guidelines. Biomechanical studies addressing horizontal and vertical displacement or joint stiffness after reconstructing the acromioclavicular capsule/ligament with or without coracoclavicular ligament reconstruc-tion, were included.Findings: Nineteen studies were included in this review after screening and eligibility assessment. Five of them investigated different sole acromioclavicular capsule/ligament reconstruction techniques. In 10 studies, a sole coracoclavicular ligament reconstruction was compared to a coracoclavicular ligament reconstruction with additional acromioclavicular capsule/ligament reconstruction. The remaining 4 studies compared different acromioclavicular capsule/ligament with coracoclavicular reconstruction techniques with each other.Interpretation: Several testing protocols to evaluate acromioclavicular capsule/ligament reconstruction have been described and can make it difficult to compare the results of the different studies. Acromioclavicular capsule/ ligament reconstruction may provide increased anteroposterior and rotational stability but an optimal recon-struction technique, which mimics all biomechanical characteristics of the native joint is not yet available.".
• 01GMACCWNY33JE5JDXT379G24R abstract "Elimination of the position sensor reduces the cost and simplifies the drive system. This paper investigates the sensorless operation of a synchronous reluctance motor (SynRM) equipped with a cage. The concept of active flux is extended to involve this type of motor (cage-rotor SynRM). The performance of the drive system under the proposed control method is compared to the reported technique in the literature for cageless SynRM. The sensorless operation of cage rotor SynRM is investigated under different operating conditions. Matlab/Simulink software is used for modeling and analysis of the proposed method. The obtained results assured the successful application of the extended concept to the cage-rotor SynRM.".

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