Matches in Harvard for { ?s ?p In August 1951 seven alleged Communist leaders—Charles Kazuyuki Fujimoto, Dwight James Freeman, Jack Wayne Hall, Eileen Toshiko Fujimoto, John Ernest Reinecke, Jack Denichi Kimoto, and Koji Ariyoshi, who became popularly known as the “Hawaii Seven”—were arrested under the Smith Act (Alien Registration Act of 1940, 18 U.S.C. § 2385), which made it a federal crime to advocate the overthrow of government. Their trial was particularly controversial because of charges of racism (against Japanese-Americans) and bias (against Communists) leveled against the grand jury selection process and against Judge McLaughlin. See U.S. v. Fujimoto, 101 F.Supp. 293 (D.Haw. 1951), 102 F.Supp. 890 (D.Haw. 1952), and 105 F.Supp. 727 (D.Haw. 1952). Those charges were all ultimately rejected, however, and the trial proceeded. All seven defendants were convicted June 19, 1953 but the appeals continued until 1958, when the verdict was overturned by the Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals. During 1954 through 1958, the defendants’ attorney Harriet Bouslog Sawyer was convicted in Hawaii territorial courts for ethics violations relating to her defense of the Hawaii Seven, but her suspension was overturned by a divided Supreme Court in 1959. See In re Sawyer, 41 Haw. 270 (1956), 41 Haw. 403 (1956), 260 F.2d 189 (9th Cir. 1958), and 360 U.S. 622 (1959).. }
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- catalog description "In August 1951 seven alleged Communist leaders—Charles Kazuyuki Fujimoto, Dwight James Freeman, Jack Wayne Hall, Eileen Toshiko Fujimoto, John Ernest Reinecke, Jack Denichi Kimoto, and Koji Ariyoshi, who became popularly known as the “Hawaii Seven”—were arrested under the Smith Act (Alien Registration Act of 1940, 18 U.S.C. § 2385), which made it a federal crime to advocate the overthrow of government. Their trial was particularly controversial because of charges of racism (against Japanese-Americans) and bias (against Communists) leveled against the grand jury selection process and against Judge McLaughlin. See U.S. v. Fujimoto, 101 F.Supp. 293 (D.Haw. 1951), 102 F.Supp. 890 (D.Haw. 1952), and 105 F.Supp. 727 (D.Haw. 1952). Those charges were all ultimately rejected, however, and the trial proceeded. All seven defendants were convicted June 19, 1953 but the appeals continued until 1958, when the verdict was overturned by the Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals. During 1954 through 1958, the defendants’ attorney Harriet Bouslog Sawyer was convicted in Hawaii territorial courts for ethics violations relating to her defense of the Hawaii Seven, but her suspension was overturned by a divided Supreme Court in 1959. See In re Sawyer, 41 Haw. 270 (1956), 41 Haw. 403 (1956), 260 F.2d 189 (9th Cir. 1958), and 360 U.S. 622 (1959).".