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- 1912_Lawrence_Textile_Strike abstract "The Lawrence Textile Strike was a strike of immigrant workers in Lawrence, Massachusetts in 1912 led by the Industrial Workers of the World (IWW). Prompted by a two-hour pay cut corresponding to a new law shortening the workweek, the strike spread rapidly through the town, growing to more than twenty thousand workers and involving nearly every mill in Lawrence. The strike united workers from 51 different nationalities. Carried on throughout a brutally cold winter, the strike lasted more than two months, defying the assumptions of conservative trade unions within the American Federation of Labor (AFL) that immigrant, largely female and ethnically divided workers could not be organized. In late January, when a bystander was killed during a protest, IWW organizers Joseph Ettor and Arturo Giovannitti were arrested on charges of being accessories to the murder. IWW leaders Bill Haywood and Elizabeth Gurley Flynn came to Lawrence to run the strike. Together they masterminded its signature move, sending hundreds of the strikers' hungry children to sympathetic families in New York, New Jersey, and Vermont. The move drew widespread sympathy, especially after police stopped a further exodus, leading to violence at the Lawrence train station. Congressional hearings followed, resulting in exposure of shocking conditions in the Lawrence mills and calls for investigation of the "wool trust." Mill owners soon decided to settle the strike, giving workers in Lawrence and throughout New England raises of up to 20 percent. Within a year, however, the IWW had largely collapsed in Lawrence. The Lawrence strike is often referred to as the "Bread and Roses" strike, or, "The Strike for Three Loaves". The phrase "Bread and Roses" actually preceded the strike, however, appearing in a poem by James Oppenheim published in The Atlantic Monthly in December 1911. However, a 1916 labor anthology, The Cry for Justice: An Anthology of the Literature of Social Protest by Upton Sinclair, attributed the phrase to the Lawrence strike and the association stuck. "Bread and Roses" has also been attributed to socialist union organizer Rose Schneiderman.".
- 1912_Lawrence_Textile_Strike thumbnail 1912_Lawrence_Textile_Strike_1.jpg?width=300.
- 1912_Lawrence_Textile_Strike wikiPageExternalLink breadandrosescentennial.org.
- 1912_Lawrence_Textile_Strike wikiPageExternalLink 61.
- 1912_Lawrence_Textile_Strike wikiPageExternalLink terabithia.com.
- 1912_Lawrence_Textile_Strike wikiPageExternalLink kornbluh_bread_roses.html.
- 1912_Lawrence_Textile_Strike wikiPageExternalLink index.htm.
- 1912_Lawrence_Textile_Strike wikiPageExternalLink zinnedproject.org.
- 1912_Lawrence_Textile_Strike wikiPageExternalLink 476.
- 1912_Lawrence_Textile_Strike wikiPageExternalLink 67.
- 1912_Lawrence_Textile_Strike wikiPageExternalLink lawrence.
- 1912_Lawrence_Textile_Strike wikiPageID "664490".
- 1912_Lawrence_Textile_Strike wikiPageRevisionID "599680017".
- 1912_Lawrence_Textile_Strike caption "Massachusetts militiamen with fixed bayonets surround a group of strikers".
- 1912_Lawrence_Textile_Strike casualties "Arrests: 2".
- 1912_Lawrence_Textile_Strike casualties "Deaths: 1".
- 1912_Lawrence_Textile_Strike casualties "Deaths:".
- 1912_Lawrence_Textile_Strike casualties "Injuries:".
- 1912_Lawrence_Textile_Strike casualtiesLabel "Arrests, etc".
- 1912_Lawrence_Textile_Strike coordParameters "type:landmark_region:US-MA".
- 1912_Lawrence_Textile_Strike date "1912-05-04".
- 1912_Lawrence_Textile_Strike goals "54".
- 1912_Lawrence_Textile_Strike hasPhotoCollection 1912_Lawrence_Textile_Strike.
- 1912_Lawrence_Textile_Strike leadfigures Bill_Haywood.
- 1912_Lawrence_Textile_Strike leadfigures Joseph_James_Ettor.
- 1912_Lawrence_Textile_Strike leadfigures William_Madison_Wood.
- 1912_Lawrence_Textile_Strike leadfigures "Elizabeth Gurley Flynn".
- 1912_Lawrence_Textile_Strike methods Demonstration_(protest).
- 1912_Lawrence_Textile_Strike methods Protest.
- 1912_Lawrence_Textile_Strike methods Strike_action.
- 1912_Lawrence_Textile_Strike name "1912".
- 1912_Lawrence_Textile_Strike place Lawrence,_Massachusetts.
- 1912_Lawrence_Textile_Strike side American_Woolen_Company.
- 1912_Lawrence_Textile_Strike side Industrial_Workers_of_the_World.
- 1912_Lawrence_Textile_Strike side "Massachusetts police".
- 1912_Lawrence_Textile_Strike strength "Massachusetts police".
- 1912_Lawrence_Textile_Strike strength "protesters".
- 1912_Lawrence_Textile_Strike subject Category:1910s_in_Massachusetts.
- 1912_Lawrence_Textile_Strike subject Category:1912_in_Massachusetts.
- 1912_Lawrence_Textile_Strike subject Category:1912_labor_disputes_and_strikes.
- 1912_Lawrence_Textile_Strike subject Category:American_Woolen_Company.
- 1912_Lawrence_Textile_Strike subject Category:History_of_Massachusetts.
- 1912_Lawrence_Textile_Strike subject Category:History_of_the_textile_industry.
- 1912_Lawrence_Textile_Strike subject Category:Industrial_Revolution.
- 1912_Lawrence_Textile_Strike subject Category:Industrial_Workers_of_the_World.
- 1912_Lawrence_Textile_Strike subject Category:Labor_disputes_in_the_United_States.
- 1912_Lawrence_Textile_Strike subject Category:Lawrence,_Massachusetts.
- 1912_Lawrence_Textile_Strike subject Category:Textile_and_clothing_strikes.
- 1912_Lawrence_Textile_Strike comment "The Lawrence Textile Strike was a strike of immigrant workers in Lawrence, Massachusetts in 1912 led by the Industrial Workers of the World (IWW). Prompted by a two-hour pay cut corresponding to a new law shortening the workweek, the strike spread rapidly through the town, growing to more than twenty thousand workers and involving nearly every mill in Lawrence. The strike united workers from 51 different nationalities.".
- 1912_Lawrence_Textile_Strike label "1912 Lawrence Textile Strike".
- 1912_Lawrence_Textile_Strike label "Grève du textile à Lawrence".
- 1912_Lawrence_Textile_Strike sameAs Grève_du_textile_à_Lawrence.
- 1912_Lawrence_Textile_Strike sameAs m.030zd8.
- 1912_Lawrence_Textile_Strike sameAs Q3118386.
- 1912_Lawrence_Textile_Strike sameAs Q3118386.
- 1912_Lawrence_Textile_Strike wasDerivedFrom 1912_Lawrence_Textile_Strike?oldid=599680017.
- 1912_Lawrence_Textile_Strike depiction 1912_Lawrence_Textile_Strike_1.jpg.
- 1912_Lawrence_Textile_Strike isPrimaryTopicOf 1912_Lawrence_Textile_Strike.