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- 2003_invasion_of_Iraq abstract "The 2003 invasion of Iraq lasted from 19 March - 1 May 2003 and signaled the start of the conflict that later came to be known as the Iraq War, which was dubbed Operation Iraqi Freedom by the United States (prior to 19 March, the mission in Iraq was called Operation Enduring Freedom, a carryover from the conflict in Afghanistan). The invasion consisted of 21 days of major combat operations, in which a combined force of troops from the United States, the United Kingdom, Australia, Poland and Spain invaded Iraq and deposed the Ba'athist government of Saddam Hussein. The invasion phase consisted primarily of a conventionally fought war which concluded with the capture of the Iraqi capital of Baghdad by American forces.Four countries participated with troops during the initial invasion phase, which lasted from 19 March to 9 April 2003. These were the United States (148,000), United Kingdom (45,000), Australia (2,000), and Poland (194). 36 other countries were involved in its aftermath. In preparation for the invasion, 100,000 U.S. troops were assembled in Kuwait by 18 February. The coalition forces also received support from Kurdish irregulars in Iraqi Kurdistan.According to U.S. President George W. Bush and British Prime Minister Tony Blair, the coalition mission was "to disarm Iraq of weapons of mass destruction, to end Saddam Hussein's support for terrorism, and to free the Iraqi people." Former chief counter-terrorism adviser on the National Security Council Richard A. Clarke believes Bush took office with a predetermined plan to invade Iraq. General Wesley Clark, the former Supreme NATO Allied Commander and Joint Chiefs of Staff Director of Strategy and Policy, describes in his 2003 book, Winning Modern Wars, his conversation with a military officer in the Pentagon shortly after 9/11 regarding a plan to attack seven Middle Eastern countries in five years: "As I went back through the Pentagon in November 2001, one of the senior military staff officers had time for a chat. Yes, we were still on track for going against Iraq, he said. But there was more. This was being discussed as part of a five-year campaign plan, he said, and there were a total of seven countries, beginning with Iraq, then Syria, Lebanon, Libya, Iran, Somalia and Sudan." Others place a much greater emphasis on the impact of the 11 September 2001 attacks, and the role this played in changing U.S. strategic calculations, and the rise of the freedom agenda. According to Blair, the trigger was Iraq's failure to take a "final opportunity" to disarm itself of alleged nuclear, chemical, and biological weapons that U.S. and British officials called an immediate and intolerable threat to world peace. In 2005, the Central Intelligence Agency released a report saying that no weapons of mass destruction had been found in Iraq.In a January 2003 CBS poll, 64% of Americans had approved of military action against Iraq; however, 63% wanted Bush to find a diplomatic solution rather than go to war, and 62% believed the threat of terrorism directed against the U.S. would increase due to war. The invasion of Iraq was strongly opposed by some long-standing U.S. allies, including the governments of France, Germany, and New Zealand. Their leaders argued that there was no evidence of weapons of mass destruction in Iraq and that invading the country was not justified in the context of UNMOVIC's 12 February 2003 report. On 15 February 2003, a month before the invasion, there were worldwide protests against the Iraq War, including a rally of three million people in Rome, which is listed in the Guinness Book of Records as the largest ever anti-war rally. According to the French academic Dominique Reynié, between 3 January and 12 April 2003, 36 million people across the globe took part in almost 3,000 protests against the Iraq war.The invasion was preceded by an air strike on the Presidential Palace in Baghdad on 19 March 2003. The following day, coalition forces launched an incursion into Basra Province from their massing point close to the Iraqi-Kuwaiti border. While the special forces launched an amphibious assault from the Persian Gulf to secure Basra and the surrounding petroleum fields, the main invasion army moved into southern Iraq, occupying the region and engaging in the Battle of Nasiriyah on 23 March. Massive air strikes across the country and against Iraqi command and control threw the defending army into chaos and prevented an effective resistance. On 26 March, the 173rd Airborne Brigade was airdropped near the northern city of Kirkuk, where they joined forces with Kurdish rebels and fought several actions against the Iraqi army to secure the northern part of the country.The main body of coalition forces continued their drive into the heart of Iraq and met with little resistance. Most of the Iraqi military was quickly defeated and Baghdad was occupied on 9 April. Other operations occurred against pockets of the Iraqi army including the capture and occupation of Kirkuk on 10 April, and the attack and capture of Tikrit on 15 April. Iraqi President Saddam Hussein and the central leadership went into hiding as the coalition forces completed the occupation of the country. On 1 May, an end of major combat operations was declared, ending the invasion period and beginning the military occupation period.As of December 2011, the 2003 invasion of Iraq was the most recent armed conflict between standing national armies causing at least 1,000 battle deaths.".
- 2003_invasion_of_Iraq causalties "172 killed (139 U.S., 33 U.K.)".
- 2003_invasion_of_Iraq causalties "196+ killed".
- 2003_invasion_of_Iraq causalties "24+ killed".
- 2003_invasion_of_Iraq causalties "551 wounded (U.S.)".
- 2003_invasion_of_Iraq causalties "Coalition:".
- 2003_invasion_of_Iraq causalties "Peshmerga:".
- 2003_invasion_of_Iraq causalties "Total:".
- 2003_invasion_of_Iraq combatant "* Iraqi Army and security and irregular forces (including Fedayeen Saddam paramilitaries and Ba'ath Party militias)".
- 2003_invasion_of_Iraq combatant "*".
- 2003_invasion_of_Iraq combatant "----".
- 2003_invasion_of_Iraq combatant "Ansar al-Islam".
- 2003_invasion_of_Iraq combatant "Coalition forces:".
- 2003_invasion_of_Iraq combatant "Iraq".
- 2003_invasion_of_Iraq combatant "Iraqi National Accord".
- 2003_invasion_of_Iraq combatant "Islamic Dawa Party".
- 2003_invasion_of_Iraq combatant "Mujahideen".
- 2003_invasion_of_Iraq combatant "Peshmerga".
- 2003_invasion_of_Iraq combatant "With military support from:".
- 2003_invasion_of_Iraq combatant "With political and military support from:".
- 2003_invasion_of_Iraq commander Ahmed_Chalabi.
- 2003_invasion_of_Iraq commander Aleksander_Kwa%C5%9Bniewski.
- 2003_invasion_of_Iraq commander Ali_Hassan_al-Majid.
- 2003_invasion_of_Iraq commander Babaker_Shawkat_B._Zebari.
- 2003_invasion_of_Iraq commander Barzan_Ibrahim_al-Tikriti.
- 2003_invasion_of_Iraq commander Brian_Burridge.
- 2003_invasion_of_Iraq commander George_W._Bush.
- 2003_invasion_of_Iraq commander Izzat_Ibrahim_al-Douri.
- 2003_invasion_of_Iraq commander Jalal_Talabani.
- 2003_invasion_of_Iraq commander John_Howard.
- 2003_invasion_of_Iraq commander Kosrat_Rasul_Ali.
- 2003_invasion_of_Iraq commander Leszek_Miller.
- 2003_invasion_of_Iraq commander Masoud_Barzani.
- 2003_invasion_of_Iraq commander Mizban_Khuthair_al-Hadi.
- 2003_invasion_of_Iraq commander Qusay_Hussein.
- 2003_invasion_of_Iraq commander Ra'ad_al-Hamdani.
- 2003_invasion_of_Iraq commander Tommy_Franks.
- 2003_invasion_of_Iraq commander Tony_Blair.
- 2003_invasion_of_Iraq commander Uday_Hussein.
- 2003_invasion_of_Iraq date "2003-03-20".
- 2003_invasion_of_Iraq date "2003-05-01".
- 2003_invasion_of_Iraq isPartOfMilitaryConflict Iraq_War.
- 2003_invasion_of_Iraq place Ba'athist_Iraq.
- 2003_invasion_of_Iraq result "* Ba'athist Iraqi government overthrown".
- 2003_invasion_of_Iraq result "* Iraqi insurgency and sectarian conflicts".
- 2003_invasion_of_Iraq result "* New Iraqi government established".
- 2003_invasion_of_Iraq result "* Occupation of Iraq until June 2004".
- 2003_invasion_of_Iraq result "Coalition victory".
- 2003_invasion_of_Iraq strength "265,000".
- 2003_invasion_of_Iraq strength "375,000 Iraqi Army".
- 2003_invasion_of_Iraq strength "44,000 paramilitary".
- 2003_invasion_of_Iraq strength "50,000 Republican Guard".
- 2003_invasion_of_Iraq strength "650,000 reserves".
- 2003_invasion_of_Iraq strength ": 194".
- 2003_invasion_of_Iraq strength ": 2,000".
- 2003_invasion_of_Iraq strength ": 45,000".
- 2003_invasion_of_Iraq strength "Iraqi National Congress: 620".
- 2003_invasion_of_Iraq strength "Peshmerga: 70,000".
- 2003_invasion_of_Iraq strength "United States: 148,000".
- 2003_invasion_of_Iraq thumbnail UStanks_baghdad_2003.JPEG?width=300.
- 2003_invasion_of_Iraq wikiPageExternalLink iraq.us.
- 2003_invasion_of_Iraq wikiPageExternalLink books?vid=ISBN3900704228&id=yITOy6Hua64C&printsec=frontcover.
- 2003_invasion_of_Iraq wikiPageExternalLink 20030319-17.html.
- 2003_invasion_of_Iraq wikiPageExternalLink 20030324-4.html.
- 2003_invasion_of_Iraq wikiPageExternalLink RebuildingAmericasDefenses.pdf.
- 2003_invasion_of_Iraq wikiPageExternalLink default.stm.
- 2003_invasion_of_Iraq wikiPageExternalLink index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=657&Itemid=28.
- 2003_invasion_of_Iraq wikiPageExternalLink ipp.pdf.
- 2003_invasion_of_Iraq wikiPageExternalLink 0704mccain.pdf.
- 2003_invasion_of_Iraq wikiPageExternalLink 2war.
- 2003_invasion_of_Iraq wikiPageExternalLink The-Gulf-in-2003-GSN-archive.
- 2003_invasion_of_Iraq wikiPageExternalLink index.htm.
- 2003_invasion_of_Iraq wikiPageExternalLink project.jsp?project=us_occupation_of_iraq.
- 2003_invasion_of_Iraq wikiPageExternalLink www.iraqbodycount.org.
- 2003_invasion_of_Iraq wikiPageExternalLink darkside.
- 2003_invasion_of_Iraq wikiPageExternalLink cron.
- 2003_invasion_of_Iraq wikiPageExternalLink roll_call_vote_cfm.cfm?congress=107&vote=00237&session=2.
- 2003_invasion_of_Iraq wikiPageExternalLink A61040-2002Aug25?language=printer.
- 2003_invasion_of_Iraq wikiPageID "201936".
- 2003_invasion_of_Iraq wikiPageRevisionID "606336185".
- 2003_invasion_of_Iraq campaign War_on_Terror.
- 2003_invasion_of_Iraq caption "U.S. Army M1A1 Abrams tanks and their crews pose for a photo in front of the "Hands of Victory" monument at Baghdad's Ceremony Square in November 2003.".
- 2003_invasion_of_Iraq casualties "172".
- 2003_invasion_of_Iraq casualties "196".
- 2003_invasion_of_Iraq casualties "24".
- 2003_invasion_of_Iraq casualties "3200".
- 2003_invasion_of_Iraq casualties "551".
- 2003_invasion_of_Iraq casualties "7269".
- 2003_invasion_of_Iraq casualties "Coalition:".
- 2003_invasion_of_Iraq casualties "Estimated Iraqi civilian fatalities:".
- 2003_invasion_of_Iraq casualties "Estimated Iraqi combatant fatalities: 30,000 7,600–11,000 13,500–45,000".
- 2003_invasion_of_Iraq casualties "Peshmerga:".
- 2003_invasion_of_Iraq casualties "Total:".
- 2003_invasion_of_Iraq casus "The officially stated sole trigger for the invasion was the U.S. government's assertion that Iraq had failed to disarm its weapons of mass destruction and posed a threat to the world.".
- 2003_invasion_of_Iraq combatant Iraqi_National_Accord.
- 2003_invasion_of_Iraq combatant Islamic_Dawa_Party.
- 2003_invasion_of_Iraq combatant "---- With political and military support from:".
- 2003_invasion_of_Iraq combatant "Ansar al-Islam".
- 2003_invasion_of_Iraq combatant "Coalition forces:".
- 2003_invasion_of_Iraq combatant "Iraq * Iraqi Army and security and irregular forces * ---- With military support from:".