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- Battle_of_the_Bulge abstract "The Battle of the Bulge (16 December 1944 – 25 January 1945) was a major German offensive campaign launched through the densely forested Ardennes region of Wallonia in Belgium, France and Luxembourg on the Western Front toward the end of World War II in Europe. The surprise attack caught the Allied forces completely off guard and became the costliest battle in terms of casualties for the United States, whose forces bore the brunt of the attack. It also severely depleted Germany's war-making resources.The battle was known by different names. The Germans referred to it as Unternehmen Wacht am Rhein ("Operation Watch on the Rhine"), while the French named it the Bataille des Ardennes ("Battle of the Ardennes"). The Allies called it the Ardennes Counteroffensive. The phrase "Battle of the Bulge" was coined by contemporary press to describe the way the Allied front line bulged inward on wartime news maps and became the best known name for the battle.The German offensive was supported by several subordinate operations known as Unternehmen Bodenplatte, Greif, and Währung. Germany's goal for these operations was to split the British and American Allied line in half, capture Antwerp, and then proceed to encircle and destroy four Allied armies, forcing the Western Allies to negotiate a peace treaty in the Axis Powers' favour. Once that was accomplished, Hitler could fully concentrate on the eastern theatre of war.The offensive was planned with the utmost secrecy, minimizing radio traffic and moving troops and equipment under cover of darkness. The Third U.S. Army's intelligence staff predicted a major German offensive, and Ultra indicated that a "substantial and offensive" operation was expected or "in the wind", although a precise date or point of attack could not be given. Aircraft movement from the Russian Front and transport of forces by rail, both to the Ardennes, was noticed but not acted upon, according to a report later written by Peter Calvocoressi and F. L. Lucas at the codebreaking centre Bletchley Park.Near-complete surprise was achieved by a combination of Allied overconfidence, preoccupation with Allied offensive plans, and poor aerial reconnaissance. The Germans attacked a weakly defended section of the Allied line, taking advantage of heavily overcast weather conditions, which grounded the Allies' overwhelmingly superior air forces. Fierce resistance on the northern shoulder of the offensive around Elsenborn Ridge and in the south around Bastogne blocked German access to key roads to the northwest and west that they counted on for success; columns that were supposed to advance along parallel routes found themselves on the same roads. This and terrain that favoured the defenders threw the German advance behind schedule and allowed the Allies to reinforce the thinly placed troops. Improved weather conditions permitted air attacks on German forces and supply lines, which sealed the failure of the offensive. In the wake of the defeat, many experienced German units were left severely depleted of men and equipment, as survivors retreated to the defenses of the Siegfried Line.The battle involved about 610,000 American men, of whom some 89,000 were casualties, including 19,000 killed. It was the largest and bloodiest battle fought by the United States in World War II.".
- Battle_of_the_Bulge causalties ": (19,000 killed,".
- Battle_of_the_Bulge causalties ": 1,408 (200 killed, 969 wounded, and 239 missing)".
- Battle_of_the_Bulge causalties ": 23,000 captured or missing)".
- Battle_of_the_Bulge causalties ": 47,500 wounded,".
- Battle_of_the_Bulge causalties ": 89,500".
- Battle_of_the_Bulge causalties ": ~800 tanks".
- Battle_of_the_Bulge causalties "; American".
- Battle_of_the_Bulge causalties "; British".
- Battle_of_the_Bulge combatant "* Luxembourgish resistance".
- Battle_of_the_Bulge combatant "*".
- Battle_of_the_Bulge commander 101st_Airborne_Division.
- Battle_of_the_Bulge commander 21st_Army_Group.
- Battle_of_the_Bulge commander 5th_Panzer_Army.
- Battle_of_the_Bulge commander 6th_Panzer_Army.
- Battle_of_the_Bulge commander 7th_Army_(Wehrmacht).
- Battle_of_the_Bulge commander Adolf_Hitler.
- Battle_of_the_Bulge commander Anthony_McAuliffe.
- Battle_of_the_Bulge commander Army_Group_B.
- Battle_of_the_Bulge commander Bernard_Montgomery,_1st_Viscount_Montgomery_of_Alamein.
- Battle_of_the_Bulge commander Courtney_Hodges.
- Battle_of_the_Bulge commander Dwight_D._Eisenhower.
- Battle_of_the_Bulge commander Erich_Brandenberger.
- Battle_of_the_Bulge commander F%C3%BChrer.
- Battle_of_the_Bulge commander First_Army_(United_States).
- Battle_of_the_Bulge commander George_S._Patton.
- Battle_of_the_Bulge commander Gerd_von_Rundstedt.
- Battle_of_the_Bulge commander Hasso_von_Manteuffel.
- Battle_of_the_Bulge commander Josef_Dietrich.
- Battle_of_the_Bulge commander OB_West.
- Battle_of_the_Bulge commander Omar_Bradley.
- Battle_of_the_Bulge commander Supreme_Headquarters_Allied_Expeditionary_Force.
- Battle_of_the_Bulge commander Twelfth_United_States_Army_Group.
- Battle_of_the_Bulge commander United_States_Army_Central.
- Battle_of_the_Bulge commander Walter_Model.
- Battle_of_the_Bulge date "1944-12-16".
- Battle_of_the_Bulge date "1945-01-25".
- Battle_of_the_Bulge isPartOfMilitaryConflict World_War_II.
- Battle_of_the_Bulge place Ardennes.
- Battle_of_the_Bulge place Luxembourg.
- Battle_of_the_Bulge place Nazi_Germany.
- Battle_of_the_Bulge result "Decisive Allied victory, German operational failure".
- Battle_of_the_Bulge strength "23/24 December 1944".
- Battle_of_the_Bulge strength ": 1 armored division".
- Battle_of_the_Bulge strength ": 1,600 artillery pieces".
- Battle_of_the_Bulge strength ": 1,616 medium tanks".
- Battle_of_the_Bulge strength ": 12 infantry divisions".
- Battle_of_the_Bulge strength ": 182 other tracked AFV".
- Battle_of_the_Bulge strength ": 20 infantry divisions".
- Battle_of_the_Bulge strength ": 200,000 men".
- Battle_of_the_Bulge strength ": 242 medium tanks".
- Battle_of_the_Bulge strength ": 280+ other tracked AFV".
- Battle_of_the_Bulge strength ": 340+ tanks".
- Battle_of_the_Bulge strength ": 394 artillery pieces".
- Battle_of_the_Bulge strength ": 3⅔ armored divisions".
- Battle_of_the_Bulge strength ": 4 infantry divisions".
- Battle_of_the_Bulge strength ": 4,155 artillery pieces".
- Battle_of_the_Bulge strength ": 440+ other tracked AFV".
- Battle_of_the_Bulge strength ": 440+ tanks".
- Battle_of_the_Bulge strength ": 5 armored divisions".
- Battle_of_the_Bulge strength ": 55,000 British".
- Battle_of_the_Bulge strength ": 610,000 American (average)".
- Battle_of_the_Bulge strength ": 72,000 Free French".
- Battle_of_the_Bulge strength ": 8 infantry divisions".
- Battle_of_the_Bulge strength ": 83,000 men".
- Battle_of_the_Bulge strength ": 9 armored divisions".
- Battle_of_the_Bulge strength ": 955 rocket launchers".
- Battle_of_the_Bulge strength ": Aircraft: 2,400".
- Battle_of_the_Bulge strength ": Aircraft: 6,000".
- Battle_of_the_Bulge strength ": ~100,000 men".
- Battle_of_the_Bulge strength ":".
- Battle_of_the_Bulge strength "; Initial 13-division assault".
- Battle_of_the_Bulge strength "; Initial".
- Battle_of_the_Bulge strength "; Reinforcements".
- Battle_of_the_Bulge strength "; Reinforcements, December".
- Battle_of_the_Bulge strength "; Strength on".
- Battle_of_the_Bulge thumbnail 117th_Infantry_North_Carolina_NG_at_St._Vith_1945.jpg?width=300.
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