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- Caryocar_brasiliense abstract ""Pequi" redirects here. For the Minas Gerais municipality, see Pequi, Minas Gerais.Caryocar brasiliense, known as Pequi or "souari nut", like its congeners, is an edible fruit popular in some areas of Brazil, especially in Brazil's center-west region. The pequi tree grows up to 10 m (30 ft) tall. It is common in central Brazilian cerrado habitat from southern Pará to Paraná and northern Paraguay. Its leaves are large, tough, hairy and palmate, with three leaflets each. Unlike most other cerrado trees, it bears flowers in the dry winter months, approximately July to September. The yellowish-white flowers are hermaphroditic and bear many stamens; they somewhat resemble a huge pale St John's Wort flower (a distant relative among the Malpighiales). There are often two dozen or more flowers per inflorescence.Pollination is mainly by bats, and as usual in such cases the flowers do not have a pleasant smell but produce copious thin nectar. Flowers open in the evening and produce nectar throughout the night, ceasing in the early morning. As it seems, each night's last nectar, produced around dawn, is richer in sugars than that produced in the night, though it is much less in quantity already. Moths, nocturnal wasps and ants also visit the flowers at night; the former two might also do some pollinating but they are not known to be of major importance. During the day, the flowers are visited by bees and wasps which feed on remaining pollen. From dusk to the cessation of nectar production, hummingbirds may visit the flowers. While most of them only do this opportunistically, some species – e.g. the Fork-tailed Woodnymph (Thalurania furcata) and in particular the Glittering-throated Emerald (Amazilia fimbriata) – appear to visit pequi tree flowers on a regular base. More significantly, visits by small "tanagers" of the Thraupidae and Cardinalidae around dusk are noted. In particular species like the Guira Tanager (Hemithraupis guira), White-lined Tanager (Tachyphonus rufus) and the Palm (Thraupis palmarum) and Sayaca Tanagers (T. sayaca) seem to be quite fond of pequi flower nectar and spend considerable time feeding on it when available. But even Curl-crested Jays (Cyanocorax cristatellus) have been observed to hang about flowering pequi trees at daybreak, though perhaps not just for the nectar, considering many insects attracted by it earlier would still be around on the tree. As the stigmata dry out at daybreak, it is not clear whether birds, particularly "tanagers", play a role in pollination also or are merely making use of an easy early-morning snack, particularly considering that during the flowering season of C. brasiliense, little such food is available.Fruits start off dark purple, turning olive green and finally buffy green as they ripen, taking about 5–6 months. Ripe fruits are about the size of an orange. They resemble a mangosteen (another distantly related member of the Malpighiales) in having a few (usually 1-4) segments of pulpy pericarp inside the skin, yellow and with a typical strong taste and smell mixing sweet, fruity and cheesy aromas; this is derived mainly from volatile ethyl esters. Embedded in the mesocarp is a light-colored seed enclosed in a blackish shell covered with thin and tough woody spines, though spineless individuals exist in the wild. Both the mesocarp and the seed are edible for humans as well as many animals, including usually carnivorous species like the Yellow-headed Caracara (Milvago chimachima).".
- Caryocar_brasiliense binomialAuthority Jacques_Cambess%C3%A8des.
- Caryocar_brasiliense class Eudicots.
- Caryocar_brasiliense conservationStatus "NE".
- Caryocar_brasiliense conservationStatusSystem "iucn3.1".
- Caryocar_brasiliense division Flowering_plant.
- Caryocar_brasiliense family Caryocaraceae.
- Caryocar_brasiliense genus Caryocar.
- Caryocar_brasiliense kingdom Plant.
- Caryocar_brasiliense order Malpighiales.
- Caryocar_brasiliense order Rosids.
- Caryocar_brasiliense synonym "Caryocar brasiliensis (lapsus)".
- Caryocar_brasiliense thumbnail Pequi01.JPG?width=300.
- Caryocar_brasiliense wikiPageExternalLink ara144not1.pdf.
- Caryocar_brasiliense wikiPageExternalLink a14v61n2.pdf.
- Caryocar_brasiliense wikiPageExternalLink fsc.html.
- Caryocar_brasiliense wikiPageExternalLink fsc2.html.
- Caryocar_brasiliense wikiPageID "30863148".
- Caryocar_brasiliense wikiPageRevisionID "540346900".
- Caryocar_brasiliense binomial "Caryocar brasiliense".
- Caryocar_brasiliense binomialAuthority Jacques_Cambess%C3%A8des.
- Caryocar_brasiliense familia Caryocaraceae.
- Caryocar_brasiliense genus "Caryocar".
- Caryocar_brasiliense hasPhotoCollection Caryocar_brasiliense.
- Caryocar_brasiliense imageCaption "C. brasiliense flowers and leaves".
- Caryocar_brasiliense name "Pequi".
- Caryocar_brasiliense ordo Malpighiales.
- Caryocar_brasiliense regnum "Plantae".
- Caryocar_brasiliense species "C. brasiliense".
- Caryocar_brasiliense status "NE".
- Caryocar_brasiliense statusSystem "iucn3.1".
- Caryocar_brasiliense synonyms "Caryocar brasiliensis".
- Caryocar_brasiliense unrankedClassis Eudicots.
- Caryocar_brasiliense unrankedDivisio Flowering_plant.
- Caryocar_brasiliense unrankedOrdo Rosids.
- Caryocar_brasiliense subject Category:Caryocar.
- Caryocar_brasiliense subject Category:Edible_nuts_and_seeds.
- Caryocar_brasiliense subject Category:Flora_of_Brazil.
- Caryocar_brasiliense type EdibleNut107737081.
- Caryocar_brasiliense type EdibleNutsAndSeeds.
- Caryocar_brasiliense type Fruit113134947.
- Caryocar_brasiliense type NaturalObject100019128.
- Caryocar_brasiliense type Nut113136556.
- Caryocar_brasiliense type Object100002684.
- Caryocar_brasiliense type PhysicalEntity100001930.
- Caryocar_brasiliense type PlantOrgan113087625.
- Caryocar_brasiliense type PlantPart113086908.
- Caryocar_brasiliense type ReproductiveStructure111675842.
- Caryocar_brasiliense type Seed113135832.
- Caryocar_brasiliense type Whole100003553.
- Caryocar_brasiliense type Eukaryote.
- Caryocar_brasiliense type Plant.
- Caryocar_brasiliense type Species.
- Caryocar_brasiliense type BiologicalLivingObject.
- Caryocar_brasiliense type EukaryoticCell.
- Caryocar_brasiliense type FloweringPlant.
- Caryocar_brasiliense type Plant.
- Caryocar_brasiliense type Organism.
- Caryocar_brasiliense comment ""Pequi" redirects here. For the Minas Gerais municipality, see Pequi, Minas Gerais.Caryocar brasiliense, known as Pequi or "souari nut", like its congeners, is an edible fruit popular in some areas of Brazil, especially in Brazil's center-west region. The pequi tree grows up to 10 m (30 ft) tall. It is common in central Brazilian cerrado habitat from southern Pará to Paraná and northern Paraguay. Its leaves are large, tough, hairy and palmate, with three leaflets each.".
- Caryocar_brasiliense label "Caryocar brasiliense".
- Caryocar_brasiliense label "Caryocar brasiliense".
- Caryocar_brasiliense label "Pequi".
- Caryocar_brasiliense label "Péqui".
- Caryocar_brasiliense label "Пекуи".
- Caryocar_brasiliense sameAs Caryocar_brasiliense.
- Caryocar_brasiliense sameAs Péqui.
- Caryocar_brasiliense sameAs Pequi.
- Caryocar_brasiliense sameAs m.0bbj78.
- Caryocar_brasiliense sameAs Q3411901.
- Caryocar_brasiliense sameAs Q3411901.
- Caryocar_brasiliense sameAs Caryocar_brasiliense.
- Caryocar_brasiliense wasDerivedFrom Caryocar_brasiliense?oldid=540346900.
- Caryocar_brasiliense depiction Pequi01.JPG.
- Caryocar_brasiliense isPrimaryTopicOf Caryocar_brasiliense.
- Caryocar_brasiliense name "Pequi".