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- Chinese_Civil_War abstract "The Chinese Civil War was a civil war in China fought between forces loyal to the government of the Republic of China led by the Kuomintang (KMT) and forces of the Communist Party of China (CPC). The war began in August 1927, amidst the Northern Expedition and essentially ended when major active battles ceased in 1950. The conflict eventually resulted in two de facto states, the Republic of China (ROC) in Taiwan and the People's Republic of China (PRC) in mainland China, both claiming to be the legitimate government of China.The war represented an ideological split (Left vs. Right) between the Communist CPC, and the KMT's brand of Nationalism. The civil war continued intermittently until late 1937, when the two parties formed a Second United Front to counter a Japanese invasion. China's full-scale civil war resumed in 1946, a year after the end of hostilities with Japan. After four more years, 1950 saw the cessation of major military hostilities—with the newly founded People's Republic of China controlling mainland China (including Hainan), and the Republic of China's jurisdiction being restricted to Taiwan, Penghu, Quemoy, Matsu and several outlying islands.Historian Odd Arne Westad says the Communists won the Civil War because they made fewer military mistakes than Chiang Kai-shek, and because in his search for a powerful centralized government, Chiang antagonized too many interest groups in China. Furthermore, his party was weakened in the war against the Japanese. Meanwhile the Communists targeted different groups, such as peasants, and brought them to its corner. Chiang wrote in his diary on June 1948 that the KMT had failed, not because of external enemies but because of rot from within. Strong initial support from the U.S. diminished, and then stopped completely primarily because of KMT corruption. Communist land reform policy, which promised poor peasants farmland from their landlords, ensured PLA popular support. After the surrender of Japan at the end of World War II, Soviet forces turned over their captured Japanese weapons to the CPC and allowed the CPC to take control of territory in Manchuria, in which Soviet Union was allowed to do so by the consent of the United States and the United Kingdom to intervene and influence the outcome of Chinese Civil War (especially in the decisive battles in Northeast China) at the expense of the Republic of China government by the result of Yalta Conference until the start of Cold War across the Taiwan Strait (see United Nations General Assembly Resolution 505).[citation needed] In the Chinese Civil War after 1945, economy in the ROC areas collapsed with hyperinflation and the failure of price-control by the ROC government with financial reform of Gold Yuan devaluated sharply in late 1948 and resulted ROC government lost the loyal support of the cities' middle class supporters; whilst Communist Chinese continued relentless land reforms (land redistribution) to win the support of the population in the countryside. During the war both the Nationalist and Communists carried out mass atrocities with millions of non-combatants killed by both sides during the civil war. Benjamin Valentino has estimated atrocities in the Chinese Civil War resulted in the death of between 1.8 million and 3.5 million people between 1927 and 1949. Atrocities include deaths from forced conscription and massacres.To this day, no armistice or peace treaty has ever been signed, and there is debate about whether the Civil War has legally ended. Cross-Strait relations have been hindered by military threats and political and economic pressure, particularly over Taiwan's political status, with both governments officially adhering to a "One-China policy." The PRC still actively claims Taiwan as part of its territory and continues to threaten the ROC with a military invasion if the ROC officially declares independence by changing its name to and gaining international recognition as the Republic of Taiwan. The ROC mutually claims mainland China, and they both continue the fight over diplomatic recognition. Today, the war as such occurs on the political and economic fronts in the form of cross-Strait relations; however, the two separate de facto states have close economic ties.".
- Chinese_Civil_War causalties "~1.5 million (1948–1949)".
- Chinese_Civil_War combatant "**National Revolutionary Army".
- Chinese_Civil_War combatant "*Allied warlords".
- Chinese_Civil_War combatant "*Kuomintang".
- Chinese_Civil_War combatant "*People's Liberation Army".
- Chinese_Civil_War combatant "1927–1949".
- Chinese_Civil_War combatant "Communist Party".
- Chinese_Civil_War commander Bai_Chongxi.
- Chinese_Civil_War commander Chen_Cheng.
- Chinese_Civil_War commander Chen_Geng.
- Chinese_Civil_War commander Chen_Yi_(general).
- Chinese_Civil_War commander Chiang_Kai-shek.
- Chinese_Civil_War commander Deng_Xiaoping.
- Chinese_Civil_War commander Du_Yuming.
- Chinese_Civil_War commander Feng_Yuxiang.
- Chinese_Civil_War commander Fu_Zuoyi.
- Chinese_Civil_War commander He_Long.
- Chinese_Civil_War commander He_Yingqin.
- Chinese_Civil_War commander Li_Zongren.
- Chinese_Civil_War commander Lin_Biao.
- Chinese_Civil_War commander Liu_Bocheng.
- Chinese_Civil_War commander Liu_Chih.
- Chinese_Civil_War commander Mao_Zedong.
- Chinese_Civil_War commander Nie_Rongzhen.
- Chinese_Civil_War commander Peng_Dehuai.
- Chinese_Civil_War commander Su_Yu.
- Chinese_Civil_War commander Sun_Li-jen.
- Chinese_Civil_War commander Wang_Yaowu.
- Chinese_Civil_War commander Wei_Lihuang.
- Chinese_Civil_War commander Xu_Xiangqian.
- Chinese_Civil_War commander Xue_Yue.
- Chinese_Civil_War commander Yan_Xishan.
- Chinese_Civil_War commander Ye_Fei.
- Chinese_Civil_War commander Ye_Ting.
- Chinese_Civil_War commander Zhang_Xueliang.
- Chinese_Civil_War commander Zhou_Enlai.
- Chinese_Civil_War commander Zhu_De.
- Chinese_Civil_War date "1927-08-01".
- Chinese_Civil_War date "1946-03-31".
- Chinese_Civil_War result "* Combat ended, but no armistice or peace treaty signed".
- Chinese_Civil_War result "* Communist takeover of mainland China".
- Chinese_Civil_War result "* Government of the Republic of China relocated to Taiwan".
- Chinese_Civil_War result "* People's Republic of China established in mainland China".
- Chinese_Civil_War strength "1,200,000 (July 1945)".
- Chinese_Civil_War strength "1,490,000 (June 1949)".
- Chinese_Civil_War strength "2,800,000 (June 1948)".
- Chinese_Civil_War strength "3,650,000 (June 1948)".
- Chinese_Civil_War strength "4,000,000 (June 1949)".
- Chinese_Civil_War strength "4,300,000 (June 1946)".
- Chinese_Civil_War thumbnail ChineseCivilWarCollage.PNG?width=300.
- Chinese_Civil_War wikiPageExternalLink v=onepage&q&f=true.
- Chinese_Civil_War wikiPageExternalLink bjorge_huai.pdf.
- Chinese_Civil_War wikiPageExternalLink 34H7514H12570.html.
- Chinese_Civil_War wikiPageExternalLink Civil-War-of-China-China.general.html.
- Chinese_Civil_War wikiPageExternalLink china_education_stamps.htm.
- Chinese_Civil_War wikiPageExternalLink china.
- Chinese_Civil_War wikiPageExternalLink mswv4_43.htm.
- Chinese_Civil_War wikiPageExternalLink civil_wars.htm.
- Chinese_Civil_War wikiPageID "54422".
- Chinese_Civil_War wikiPageRevisionID "606496993".
- Chinese_Civil_War altname "Anti-Communist counter-insurgency war".
- Chinese_Civil_War altname "War of Liberation".
- Chinese_Civil_War caption "1930.0".
- Chinese_Civil_War casualties "1928".
- Chinese_Civil_War casualties "1945".
- Chinese_Civil_War casualties "~1.5 million".
- Chinese_Civil_War casualties "~250,000".
- Chinese_Civil_War collapse "no".
- Chinese_Civil_War combatant "*Kuomintang **National Revolutionary Army *Allied warlords".
- Chinese_Civil_War combatant "*People's Liberation Army".
- Chinese_Civil_War combatant "1927".
- Chinese_Civil_War combatant "Communist Party".
- Chinese_Civil_War combatant1a "1949".
- Chinese_Civil_War combatant1a "on Taiwan".
- Chinese_Civil_War combatant2a "1949".
- Chinese_Civil_War commander Chiang_Kai-shek.
- Chinese_Civil_War commander Mao_Zedong.
- Chinese_Civil_War commander "Bai Chongxi".
- Chinese_Civil_War commander "Chen Cheng".
- Chinese_Civil_War commander "Chen Geng".
- Chinese_Civil_War commander "Chen Yi".
- Chinese_Civil_War commander "Deng Xiaoping".
- Chinese_Civil_War commander "Du Yuming".
- Chinese_Civil_War commander "Feng Yuxiang".
- Chinese_Civil_War commander "Fu Zuoyi".
- Chinese_Civil_War commander "He Long".
- Chinese_Civil_War commander "He Yingqin".
- Chinese_Civil_War commander "Li Zongren".
- Chinese_Civil_War commander "Lin Biao".
- Chinese_Civil_War commander "Liu Bocheng".
- Chinese_Civil_War commander "Liu Chih".
- Chinese_Civil_War commander "Nie Rongzhen".
- Chinese_Civil_War commander "Peng Dehuai".
- Chinese_Civil_War commander "Su Yu".
- Chinese_Civil_War commander "Sun Li-jen".
- Chinese_Civil_War commander "Wang Yaowu".
- Chinese_Civil_War commander "Wei Lihuang".
- Chinese_Civil_War commander "Xu Xiangqian".
- Chinese_Civil_War commander "Xue Yue".