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- Cnidoscolus_urens abstract "Cnidoscolus urens is a perennial, tropical American stinging herb belonging to the family Euphorbiaceae, and is one of some 100 species belonging to the genus Cnidoscolus (Gk. knidē-nettle, skōlos-thorn, Latin urens-burning). The plant is locally known as 'bull nettle', 'spurge nettle' and 'mala mujer' (evil woman).This species has an erect stem and is herbaceous when young, turning woody with age and from 50 to 150 centimeters tall. Leaves are lobed and large, while the white flowers occur in cymes, producing a spiny 3-seeded capsule with seeds rich in fats and proteins, resembling those of Ricinus communis. Its carunculate seeds are usually dispersed by ants (myrmecochory) attracted by the edible elaiosome. The entire plant is covered in stinging hairs, and has a native range covering Central and South America, being found in Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama and Peru.Cnidoscolus urens is monoecious and self-compatible. Its male and female flowers appear superficially similar, but differ structurally. The principal pollinator during the dry season is a butterfly, Eurema daira, which does not discriminate between male and female flowers. Female flowers, making up only some 6% of the total, produce almost no nectar and appear to mimic males in order to receive attention from the pollen- and nectar-gathering insect. Male flowers usually function for only 1 day, while female flowers may remain functional for up to 7 days if unpollinated. Cnidoscolus was separated from the Linnaean genus Jatropha on the basis of its stinging hairs or trichomes, that consist of a multi-cellular pedestal and a single, elongate, hollow cell with a slightly swollen tip. On being touched, the brittle swollen tip breaks off at an oblique angle, the sharpened end readily penetrates the skin, and the cell contents are injected as if by a hypodermic syringe. This poison leads to great irritation of the skin, a condition which may last several days. If part of the plant is eaten it causes swelling of the lips, flushing of the face, vomiting and even unconsciousness. Its latex is highly corrosive and may produce serious sores. A study in Costa Rica revealed that larvae of Erinnyis ello, a moth of the Sphingidae family, trim the stinging hairs from the leaf petiole then constrict the vessels supplying latex to the leaf, after which it can safely eat the leaf.".
- Cnidoscolus_urens binomialAuthority Carl_Linnaeus.
- Cnidoscolus_urens class Dicotyledon.
- Cnidoscolus_urens division Flowering_plant.
- Cnidoscolus_urens family Euphorbiaceae.
- Cnidoscolus_urens genus Cnidoscolus.
- Cnidoscolus_urens kingdom Plant.
- Cnidoscolus_urens order Malpighiales.
- Cnidoscolus_urens synonym "*''Jatropha urens (L.)".
- Cnidoscolus_urens synonym "*''Jussieuia herbacea (Houst.)".
- Cnidoscolus_urens synonym "*''Manihot urens (L.) Crantz)".
- Cnidoscolus_urens synonym "*Bivonea urens (L.) Arthur)".
- Cnidoscolus_urens synonym "*Cnidoscolus michauxii (Cham. & Schltdl.)".
- Cnidoscolus_urens synonym "*Janipha urens (L.) Poir. ex Pohl)".
- Cnidoscolus_urens thumbnail Cnidoscolus_urens01.jpg?width=300.
- Cnidoscolus_urens wikiPageExternalLink 38-cnidoscolus_urens.
- Cnidoscolus_urens wikiPageExternalLink cnidoscolus.
- Cnidoscolus_urens wikiPageID "40218479".
- Cnidoscolus_urens wikiPageRevisionID "604511905".
- Cnidoscolus_urens binomial "Cnidoscolus urens".
- Cnidoscolus_urens binomialAuthority "Arthur".
- Cnidoscolus_urens classis Dicotyledon.
- Cnidoscolus_urens divisio Flowering_plant.
- Cnidoscolus_urens familia Euphorbiaceae.
- Cnidoscolus_urens genus "Cnidoscolus".
- Cnidoscolus_urens imageCaption "Cnidoscolus urens by Jean-Theodore Descourtilz".
- Cnidoscolus_urens imageDescription "Cnidoscolus urens".
- Cnidoscolus_urens name "Cnidoscolus urens".
- Cnidoscolus_urens ordo Malpighiales.
- Cnidoscolus_urens regnum "Plantae".
- Cnidoscolus_urens species "C. urens".
- Cnidoscolus_urens subdivisionRanks "Subspecies".
- Cnidoscolus_urens synonyms "*Bivonea urens ( Arthur) *Cnidoscolus michauxii (Cham. & Schltdl.) *Janipha urens ( Poir. ex Pohl) *Jatropha urens (L.) *Jussieuia herbacea (Houst.) *''Manihot urens ( Crantz)".
- Cnidoscolus_urens subject Category:Manihoteae.
- Cnidoscolus_urens subject Category:Plants_described_in_1753.
- Cnidoscolus_urens subject Category:Poisonous_plants.
- Cnidoscolus_urens type Eukaryote.
- Cnidoscolus_urens type FloweringPlant.
- Cnidoscolus_urens type Plant.
- Cnidoscolus_urens type Species.
- Cnidoscolus_urens type Organism.
- Cnidoscolus_urens comment "Cnidoscolus urens is a perennial, tropical American stinging herb belonging to the family Euphorbiaceae, and is one of some 100 species belonging to the genus Cnidoscolus (Gk. knidē-nettle, skōlos-thorn, Latin urens-burning). The plant is locally known as 'bull nettle', 'spurge nettle' and 'mala mujer' (evil woman).This species has an erect stem and is herbaceous when young, turning woody with age and from 50 to 150 centimeters tall.".
- Cnidoscolus_urens label "Cnidoscolus urens".
- Cnidoscolus_urens label "Cnidoscolus urens".
- Cnidoscolus_urens sameAs Cnidoscolus_urens.
- Cnidoscolus_urens sameAs m.0wqyf3n.
- Cnidoscolus_urens sameAs Q2980990.
- Cnidoscolus_urens sameAs Q2980990.
- Cnidoscolus_urens wasDerivedFrom Cnidoscolus_urens?oldid=604511905.
- Cnidoscolus_urens depiction Cnidoscolus_urens01.jpg.
- Cnidoscolus_urens isPrimaryTopicOf Cnidoscolus_urens.
- Cnidoscolus_urens name "Cnidoscolus urens".