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- Croesor_Quarry abstract "Croesor Quarry is a large underground slate mine in north Wales which was served by Croesor Tramway. Small scale quarrying began in the 1840s, and by 1861, there were two companies in operation. They amalgamated in 1865, a year after the quarry was connected to the newly opened Croesor Tramway. Much money was invested in development work, but volumes of useful slate produced were small, amounting to just 226 tons in 1868. Access to the underground workings was by a single adit, and the surface mill was powered by two water wheels. A change of ownership in 1875 did little to improve the profitability of the quarry, and it closed in 1878 or 1882. In 1895, the quarry reopened under the direction of Moses Kellow, a fearless innovator who set about modernising working practices and methods. The two-man teams working in the mill were no longer tied to a two-man team working underground, which enabled the mill to operated more efficiently. Following trials with air drills, he decided instead to electrify the mill, building a large hydro-electric station, which generated three-phase alternating current, rather than the direct current recommended by British manufacturers. He obtained motors from Prague, which were used to drive winches and an electric locomotive, the first to work in Wales. The water wheels were supplemented by Pelton wheels, supplied by Gilbert Gilkes of Kendal. His greatest innovation was the Kellow drill, a hydraulic drill for which he obtained six patents between 1898 and 1915. It could drill a 7.5 feet (2.3 m) hole in the slate in under two minutes, much less than the day required using hand drills. The mine was ventilated by a Guibal fan, housed in a fan-house near the entrance to the adit. Peak output under Kellow's direction was between 5,000 and 6,000 tons per year, though it declined in the later years, until the quarry closed in 1930.The chambers were used by Cookes Explosives to store propellants from the late 1940s until the early 1970s. This ceased when the Central Electricity Generating Board became aware of it, and feared that an underground explosion would damage the dams of the Ffestiniog pumped storage power station. Both lakes were drained until the explosives had been removed. The quarry was worked on seven levels, but the three below the adit level are now flooded. There was an underground link to the nearby Rhosydd Quarry, and the Croesor Rhosydd Through Trip is a well known, if somewhat dangerous, route for mine explorers.".
- Croesor_Quarry thumbnail Croesor.jpg?width=300.
- Croesor_Quarry wikiPageExternalLink v=onepage&f=false.
- Croesor_Quarry wikiPageExternalLink croesor.english.htm.
- Croesor_Quarry wikiPageExternalLink Croesor_3308.pdf.
- Croesor_Quarry wikiPageID "11715081".
- Croesor_Quarry wikiPageRevisionID "577118366".
- Croesor_Quarry country "Wales".
- Croesor_Quarry hasPhotoCollection Croesor_Quarry.
- Croesor_Quarry latitude "52.991".
- Croesor_Quarry longitude "-4.0016".
- Croesor_Quarry mapName "Wales Gwynedd".
- Croesor_Quarry nation "UK".
- Croesor_Quarry officialName "Croesor Slate Quarry".
- Croesor_Quarry osGridReference "SH657456".
- Croesor_Quarry state "Gwynedd".
- Croesor_Quarry staticImageCaption "The quarry in 2007, showing the remains of the fan house by the main adit and the site of the mill".
- Croesor_Quarry staticImageName "Croesor.jpg".
- Croesor_Quarry subject Category:Llanfrothen.
- Croesor_Quarry subject Category:Slate_mines_in_Gwynedd.
- Croesor_Quarry type Artifact100021939.
- Croesor_Quarry type Excavation103302121.
- Croesor_Quarry type Mine103768346.
- Croesor_Quarry type Object100002684.
- Croesor_Quarry type PhysicalEntity100001930.
- Croesor_Quarry type SlateMinesInGwynedd.
- Croesor_Quarry type Whole100003553.
- Croesor_Quarry type YagoGeoEntity.
- Croesor_Quarry type YagoPermanentlyLocatedEntity.
- Croesor_Quarry comment "Croesor Quarry is a large underground slate mine in north Wales which was served by Croesor Tramway. Small scale quarrying began in the 1840s, and by 1861, there were two companies in operation. They amalgamated in 1865, a year after the quarry was connected to the newly opened Croesor Tramway. Much money was invested in development work, but volumes of useful slate produced were small, amounting to just 226 tons in 1868.".
- Croesor_Quarry label "Croesor Quarry".
- Croesor_Quarry sameAs m.02rpwn8.
- Croesor_Quarry sameAs Q5187458.
- Croesor_Quarry sameAs Q5187458.
- Croesor_Quarry sameAs Croesor_Quarry.
- Croesor_Quarry wasDerivedFrom Croesor_Quarry?oldid=577118366.
- Croesor_Quarry depiction Croesor.jpg.
- Croesor_Quarry isPrimaryTopicOf Croesor_Quarry.