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- Dwarf_planet abstract "A dwarf planet is an object the size of a planet (a planetary-mass object) but that is neither a planet nor a moon or other natural satellite. More explicitly, the International Astronomical Union (IAU) defines a dwarf planet as a celestial body in direct orbit of the Sun that is massive enough for its shape to be controlled by gravity, but that unlike a planet has not cleared its orbit of other objects.The term dwarf planet was adopted in 2006 as part of a three-way categorization of bodies orbiting the Sun, brought about by an increase in discoveries of trans-Neptunian objects (objects that are farther away from the Sun than Neptune) that rivaled Pluto in size, and finally precipitated by the discovery of an even more massive object, Eris. This classification states that bodies large enough to have cleared the neighbourhood of their orbit are defined as planets, whereas those that are not massive enough to be rounded by their own gravity are defined as small Solar System bodies. Dwarf planets come in between. The exclusion of dwarf planets from the roster of planets by the IAU has been both praised and criticized; it was said to be the "right decision" by astronomer Mike Brown, who discovered Eris and other new dwarf planets, but has been rejected by Alan Stern, who had coined the term dwarf planet in 1990.It is estimated that there are hundreds to thousands of dwarf planets in the Solar System. The IAU currently recognizes five: Ceres, Pluto, Haumea, Makemake, and Eris. Brown criticizes this official recognition: "A reasonable person might think that this means that there are five known objects in the solar system which fit the IAU definition of dwarf planet, but this reasonable person would be nowhere close to correct." It is suspected that another hundred or so known objects in the Solar System are dwarf planets. Estimates are that up to 200 dwarf planets may be found when the entire region known as the Kuiper belt is explored, and that the number may exceed 10,000 when objects scattered outside the Kuiper belt are considered. Individual astronomers recognize several of these, and in August 2011 Mike Brown published a list of 390 candidate objects, ranging from "nearly certain" to "possible" dwarf planets. Brown currently identifies eleven known objects – the five accepted by the IAU plus 2007 OR10, Quaoar, Sedna, Orcus, 2002 MS4 and Salacia – as "virtually certain", with another dozen highly likely. Stern states that there are more than a dozen known dwarf planets.However, only two of these bodies, Ceres and Pluto, have been observed in enough detail to demonstrate that they actually fit the IAU's definition. The IAU accepted Eris as a dwarf planet because it is more massive than Pluto. They subsequently decided that unnamed trans-Neptunian objects with an absolute magnitude brighter than +1 (and hence a diameter of ≥838 km assuming a geometric albedo of ≤1) are to be named under the assumption that they are dwarf planets. The only two such objects known at the time, Makemake and Haumea, went through this naming procedure and were declared to be dwarf planets.The classification of bodies in other planetary systems with the characteristics of dwarf planets has not been addressed.On 22 January 2014, ESA scientists reported the detection, for the first definitive time, of water vapor on Ceres, the largest object and only dwarf planet in the asteroid belt. The detection was made by using the far-infrared abilities of the Herschel Space Observatory. The finding is unexpected because comets, not asteroids, are typically considered to "sprout jets and plumes". According to one of the scientists, "The lines are becoming more and more blurred between comets and asteroids."".
- Dwarf_planet thumbnail Ceres_optimized.jpg?width=300.
- Dwarf_planet wikiPageExternalLink minorplanets.php.
- Dwarf_planet wikiPageExternalLink topics_sep.htm.
- Dwarf_planet wikiPageExternalLink 4798205.stm.
- Dwarf_planet wikiPageExternalLink story.html?id=a9591aed-f19f-4ac3-a324-1f8bb46d9379&p=2.
- Dwarf_planet wikiPageExternalLink story.php?storyId=5631291.
- Dwarf_planet wikiPageID "6395779".
- Dwarf_planet wikiPageRevisionID "606339837".
- Dwarf_planet hasPhotoCollection Dwarf_planet.
- Dwarf_planet subject Category:Dwarf_planets.
- Dwarf_planet subject Category:Minor_planets.
- Dwarf_planet type CelestialBody109239740.
- Dwarf_planet type DwarfPlanets.
- Dwarf_planet type MinorPlanet109355623.
- Dwarf_planet type MinorPlanets.
- Dwarf_planet type NaturalObject100019128.
- Dwarf_planet type Object100002684.
- Dwarf_planet type PhysicalEntity100001930.
- Dwarf_planet type Planet109394007.
- Dwarf_planet type Whole100003553.
- Dwarf_planet comment "A dwarf planet is an object the size of a planet (a planetary-mass object) but that is neither a planet nor a moon or other natural satellite.".
- Dwarf_planet label "Dwarf planet".
- Dwarf_planet label "Dwergplaneet".
- Dwarf_planet label "Pianeta nano".
- Dwarf_planet label "Planeta anão".
- Dwarf_planet label "Planeta enano".
- Dwarf_planet label "Planeta karłowata".
- Dwarf_planet label "Planète naine".
- Dwarf_planet label "Zwergplanet".
- Dwarf_planet label "Карликовая планета".
- Dwarf_planet label "كوكب قزم".
- Dwarf_planet label "準惑星".
- Dwarf_planet label "矮行星".
- Dwarf_planet sameAs Trpasličí_planeta.
- Dwarf_planet sameAs Zwergplanet.
- Dwarf_planet sameAs Πλανήτης_νάνος.
- Dwarf_planet sameAs Planeta_enano.
- Dwarf_planet sameAs Planeta_nano.
- Dwarf_planet sameAs Planète_naine.
- Dwarf_planet sameAs Planet_katai.
- Dwarf_planet sameAs Pianeta_nano.
- Dwarf_planet sameAs 準惑星.
- Dwarf_planet sameAs 왜행성.
- Dwarf_planet sameAs Dwergplaneet.
- Dwarf_planet sameAs Planeta_karłowata.
- Dwarf_planet sameAs Planeta_anão.
- Dwarf_planet sameAs m.0g3tzt.
- Dwarf_planet sameAs Q2199.
- Dwarf_planet sameAs Q2199.
- Dwarf_planet sameAs Dwarf_planet.
- Dwarf_planet wasDerivedFrom Dwarf_planet?oldid=606339837.
- Dwarf_planet depiction Ceres_optimized.jpg.
- Dwarf_planet isPrimaryTopicOf Dwarf_planet.