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- Epiophlebia_laidlawi abstract "The Himalayan Relict Dragonfly (Epiophlebia laidlawi) is one of two species of Epiprocta in the family Epiophlebiidae. They are sometimes grouped as a suborder Anisozygoptera, considered as intermediate between the dragonflies and the damselflies, mainly because of the appearance the hind wings being very similar in size and shape to the forewings and held back over the body at rest as in the damselflies. This is now known to be in error however; in reality, the genus Epiophlebia shares a more recent ancestor with dragonflies and became separated from these in and around of the uplifting Himalayas.This species is found in the Eastern Himalayas including Chittrey, Mt. Shivapuri, Kathmandu area, Solokhumbu region, all in Nepal, where it breeds in streams between 6,000 and 11,500 ft (1,800–3,500m). The only other extant species in the genus, Epiophlebia superstes, is found in Japan. The two species have a similar physical appearance, black body with bright yellow stripes on the thorax and abdomen. The species name is after F. F. Laidlaw.E. laidlawi flies at 3000 to 3650 m and has few predators. Alan Davies suggested in 1992 that they bred in waterfalls at 2000 m with the adults flying higher later. Breeding sites at lower altitudes were discovered later. Peter Northcott mentioned 1860-2380m in 1988 but Stephen Butler discovered larvae on Shivapuri at 1800m.The larvae grow for five to six years and is believed to be the longest recorded for any odonate. Specimens may emerge after nine years in many cases. Stephen Butler notes that the larvae stridulate when disturbed. The larvae appear like those of the anisoptera but are unable to use the anisopteran jet-propulsion mode of escape but walk.The adult flight is slow and rather uncoordinated. The discoidal cell in the forewing is uncrossed and foursided and the hindwing the crossvein is long making the cell distally wide. The arculus is situated between the primary antenodals. The male grasps the female behind the head as in the anisoptera. The female is not accompanied during egg laying. She lays eggs into plant tissue while sitting on the stem of a waterside plant. The eggs are laid from bottom to top in a regular zig-zag pattern. The preferred plants are usually bryophytes.".
- Epiophlebia_laidlawi binomialAuthority Robert_John_Tillyard.
- Epiophlebia_laidlawi class Insect.
- Epiophlebia_laidlawi conservationStatus "NT".
- Epiophlebia_laidlawi conservationStatusSystem "IUCN3.1".
- Epiophlebia_laidlawi family Epiophlebia.
- Epiophlebia_laidlawi genus Epiophlebia.
- Epiophlebia_laidlawi kingdom Animal.
- Epiophlebia_laidlawi order Epiophlebia.
- Epiophlebia_laidlawi order Epiprocta.
- Epiophlebia_laidlawi order Odonata.
- Epiophlebia_laidlawi phylum Arthropod.
- Epiophlebia_laidlawi thumbnail EpiophlebiaLarva.jpg?width=300.
- Epiophlebia_laidlawi wikiPageID "6094080".
- Epiophlebia_laidlawi wikiPageRevisionID "543887087".
- Epiophlebia_laidlawi assessors "Clausnitzer, V.".
- Epiophlebia_laidlawi binomial "Epiophlebia laidlawi".
- Epiophlebia_laidlawi binomialAuthority "Tillyard, 1921".
- Epiophlebia_laidlawi classis "Insecta".
- Epiophlebia_laidlawi downloaded "2009-10-08".
- Epiophlebia_laidlawi familia Epiophlebia.
- Epiophlebia_laidlawi genus "Epiophlebia".
- Epiophlebia_laidlawi hasPhotoCollection Epiophlebia_laidlawi.
- Epiophlebia_laidlawi id "7896".
- Epiophlebia_laidlawi imageCaption Naiad.
- Epiophlebia_laidlawi infraordo Epiophlebia.
- Epiophlebia_laidlawi ordo Odonata.
- Epiophlebia_laidlawi phylum "Arthropoda".
- Epiophlebia_laidlawi regnum "Animalia".
- Epiophlebia_laidlawi species "E. laidlawi".
- Epiophlebia_laidlawi status "NT".
- Epiophlebia_laidlawi statusSystem "IUCN3.1".
- Epiophlebia_laidlawi subordo Epiprocta.
- Epiophlebia_laidlawi title "Epiphlebia laidlawi".
- Epiophlebia_laidlawi year "2008".
- Epiophlebia_laidlawi subject Category:Animals_described_in_1921.
- Epiophlebia_laidlawi subject Category:Dragonflies.
- Epiophlebia_laidlawi subject Category:Near_threatened_animals.
- Epiophlebia_laidlawi type Animal100015388.
- Epiophlebia_laidlawi type AnimalsDescribedIn1921.
- Epiophlebia_laidlawi type Arthropod101767661.
- Epiophlebia_laidlawi type Dragonflies.
- Epiophlebia_laidlawi type Dragonfly102268443.
- Epiophlebia_laidlawi type Insect102159955.
- Epiophlebia_laidlawi type Invertebrate101905661.
- Epiophlebia_laidlawi type LivingThing100004258.
- Epiophlebia_laidlawi type NearThreatenedAnimals.
- Epiophlebia_laidlawi type Object100002684.
- Epiophlebia_laidlawi type Odonate102268148.
- Epiophlebia_laidlawi type Organism100004475.
- Epiophlebia_laidlawi type PhysicalEntity100001930.
- Epiophlebia_laidlawi type Whole100003553.
- Epiophlebia_laidlawi type Animal.
- Epiophlebia_laidlawi type Eukaryote.
- Epiophlebia_laidlawi type Insect.
- Epiophlebia_laidlawi type Species.
- Epiophlebia_laidlawi type Insect.
- Epiophlebia_laidlawi type Organism.
- Epiophlebia_laidlawi comment "The Himalayan Relict Dragonfly (Epiophlebia laidlawi) is one of two species of Epiprocta in the family Epiophlebiidae. They are sometimes grouped as a suborder Anisozygoptera, considered as intermediate between the dragonflies and the damselflies, mainly because of the appearance the hind wings being very similar in size and shape to the forewings and held back over the body at rest as in the damselflies.".
- Epiophlebia_laidlawi label "Epiophlebia laidlawi".
- Epiophlebia_laidlawi label "Epiophlebia laidlawi".
- Epiophlebia_laidlawi label "Epiophlebia laidlawi".
- Epiophlebia_laidlawi sameAs Epiophlebia_laidlawi.
- Epiophlebia_laidlawi sameAs Epiophlebia_laidlawi.
- Epiophlebia_laidlawi sameAs m.0fptz1.
- Epiophlebia_laidlawi sameAs Q583939.
- Epiophlebia_laidlawi sameAs Q583939.
- Epiophlebia_laidlawi sameAs Epiophlebia_laidlawi.
- Epiophlebia_laidlawi wasDerivedFrom Epiophlebia_laidlawi?oldid=543887087.
- Epiophlebia_laidlawi depiction EpiophlebiaLarva.jpg.
- Epiophlebia_laidlawi isPrimaryTopicOf Epiophlebia_laidlawi.