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- Estonia_under_Swedish_rule abstract "Estonia under Swedish rule signifies the time between 1558 and 1710, when parts of present-day Estonia (and after 1645 all of the present-day country) were under Swedish rule. In the wake of the breakup of the State of the Teutonic Order, the Baltic German local aristocracy in the areas of Harrien (Harjumaa) and Wierland (Virumaa), as well as the city of Reval (Tallinn) in June 1561 (and somewhat later Jerwen (Järvamaa)) asked for and were granted protection by the Swedish king Eric XIV, leading to Swedish involvement in the Livonian War. At the conclusion of hostilities in 1583, Sweden was in control of the northern parts of modern Estonia and Hiiumaa island; this territory was created the Duchy of Estonia. Following renewed wars between Poland and Sweden, the southern parts of present-day Estonia (then Livonia) were incorporated into Sweden by the Treaty of Altmark in 1629. In 1645, Sweden also conquered the island of Ösel (Saaremaa) from Denmark, and were thus in control of all of present-day Estonia.The time of Swedish rule came to an effective end in 1710,when all the Swedish Baltic provinces capitulated to Russian troops during the end-stages of the Great Northern War. Russian hegemony was formalized in 1721.The reasons for Swedish involvement in Estonia were economical as well as political and military. The Swedish Crown was not least interested in getting a share of the profits from the rich trade with Russia. At the same time, assertions in Estonia can also been seen as a way of preventing Russia and Denmark from gaining potentially dangerous footholds close to Swedish-controlled Finland.The time of Swedish rule is sometimes colloquially referred to as the "good old Swedish times" (Estonian: vana hea Rootsi aeg). However, it remains unclear whether the contemporaneous Estonian-speaking population generally used this expression or whether they considered the time of Swedish rule significantly better than that of earlier foreign rulers. Especially during the later part of the Swedish rule of Estonia, Swedish authorities did however enact a number of reforms which were aimed at lessening the influence of the local German-speaking aristocracy, to the benefit of the local Estonian-speaking peasantry. In the light of this, there is some evidence to suggest that the Estonian-speaking population considered Swedish rule as characterised by the rule of law, and it has been recorded that in later, harsh times the lower classes have expressed a wish for a return to Swedish rule.Swedish reforms, some of lasting influence, also included the establishment of the University of Tartu (as well as other educational institutions, e.g. the Gustav Adolf Grammar School); staunchly promoting Lutheranism and providing translations of the Bible into Estonian; and creating a court of appeal in Tartu.".
- Estonia_under_Swedish_rule thumbnail Erik_XIV_(1533-1577)_Domenicus_Verwildt.jpg?width=300.
- Estonia_under_Swedish_rule wikiPageID "42141656".
- Estonia_under_Swedish_rule wikiPageRevisionID "604270815".
- Estonia_under_Swedish_rule subject Category:History_of_Estonia.
- Estonia_under_Swedish_rule subject Category:History_of_Sweden.
- Estonia_under_Swedish_rule type Place.
- Estonia_under_Swedish_rule type PopulatedPlace.
- Estonia_under_Swedish_rule type Wikidata:Q532.
- Estonia_under_Swedish_rule type Place.
- Estonia_under_Swedish_rule type Location.
- Estonia_under_Swedish_rule comment "Estonia under Swedish rule signifies the time between 1558 and 1710, when parts of present-day Estonia (and after 1645 all of the present-day country) were under Swedish rule.".
- Estonia_under_Swedish_rule label "Ducado de Estonia".
- Estonia_under_Swedish_rule label "Duché d'Estonie".
- Estonia_under_Swedish_rule label "Estonia svedese".
- Estonia_under_Swedish_rule label "Estonia under Swedish rule".
- Estonia_under_Swedish_rule label "Estônia sueca".
- Estonia_under_Swedish_rule label "Hertogdom Estland (1561-1721)".
- Estonia_under_Swedish_rule label "Księstwo Estonii (1561-1721)".
- Estonia_under_Swedish_rule label "Шведская Эстляндия".
- Estonia_under_Swedish_rule label "エストニア公国".
- Estonia_under_Swedish_rule sameAs Estonské_vévodství.
- Estonia_under_Swedish_rule sameAs Ducado_de_Estonia.
- Estonia_under_Swedish_rule sameAs Duché_d'Estonie.
- Estonia_under_Swedish_rule sameAs Estonia_svedese.
- Estonia_under_Swedish_rule sameAs エストニア公国.
- Estonia_under_Swedish_rule sameAs 스웨덴령_에스토니아.
- Estonia_under_Swedish_rule sameAs Hertogdom_Estland_(1561-1721).
- Estonia_under_Swedish_rule sameAs Księstwo_Estonii_(1561-1721).
- Estonia_under_Swedish_rule sameAs Estônia_sueca.
- Estonia_under_Swedish_rule sameAs m.0_xcs7d.
- Estonia_under_Swedish_rule sameAs Q2918454.
- Estonia_under_Swedish_rule sameAs Q2918454.
- Estonia_under_Swedish_rule wasDerivedFrom Estonia_under_Swedish_rule?oldid=604270815.
- Estonia_under_Swedish_rule depiction Erik_XIV_(1533-1577)_Domenicus_Verwildt.jpg.
- Estonia_under_Swedish_rule isPrimaryTopicOf Estonia_under_Swedish_rule.