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- False_dilemma abstract "A false dilemma (also called black-and/or-white thinking, bifurcation, denying a conjunct, the either-or fallacy, false dichotomy, fallacy of exhaustive hypotheses, the fallacy of false choice, the fallacy of the false alternative, or the fallacy of the excluded middle) is a type of informal fallacy that involves a situation in which limited alternatives are considered, when in fact there is at least one additional option. The opposite of this fallacy is argument to moderation.The options may be a position that is between two extremes (such as when there are shades of grey) or may be completely different alternatives. Phrasing that implies two options (dilemma, dichotomy, black-and-white) may be replaced with other number-based nouns, such as a "false trilemma" if something is reduced to only three options, instead of two.False dilemma can arise intentionally, when fallacy is used in an attempt to force a choice (such as, in some contexts, the assertion that "if you are not with us, you are against us"). But the fallacy can also arise simply by accidental omission of additional options rather than by deliberate deception.Some philosophers and scholars believe that "unless a distinction can be made rigorous and precise it isn't really a distinction." An exception is analytic philosopher John Searle, who called it an incorrect assumption which produces false dichotomies. Searle insists that "it is a condition of the adequacy of a precise theory of an indeterminate phenomenon that it should precisely characterize that phenomenon as indeterminate; and a distinction is no less a distinction for allowing for a family of related, marginal, diverging cases." Similarly, when two options are presented, they are often, though not always, two extreme points on some spectrum of possibilities; this can lend credence to the larger argument by giving the impression that the options are mutually exclusive, even though they need not be.[citation needed] Furthermore, the options in false dichotomies are typically presented as being collectively exhaustive, in which case the fallacy can be overcome, or at least weakened, by considering other possibilities, or perhaps by considering a whole spectrum of possibilities, as in fuzzy logic.[citation needed]".
- False_dilemma wikiPageExternalLink eitheror.html.
- False_dilemma wikiPageID "17687".
- False_dilemma wikiPageRevisionID "604361348".
- False_dilemma hasPhotoCollection False_dilemma.
- False_dilemma subject Category:Dilemmas.
- False_dilemma subject Category:Informal_fallacies.
- False_dilemma type Abstraction100002137.
- False_dilemma type Attribute100024264.
- False_dilemma type Cognition100023271.
- False_dilemma type CognitiveState105669934.
- False_dilemma type Condition113920835.
- False_dilemma type Confusion105683582.
- False_dilemma type Content105809192.
- False_dilemma type Dilemma105686086.
- False_dilemma type Dilemmas.
- False_dilemma type Fallacy105893916.
- False_dilemma type Idea105833840.
- False_dilemma type LogicalFallacies.
- False_dilemma type LogicalFallacy105894143.
- False_dilemma type Misconception105893653.
- False_dilemma type Perplexity105685363.
- False_dilemma type PsychologicalFeature100023100.
- False_dilemma type PsychologicalState114373582.
- False_dilemma type State100024720.
- False_dilemma comment "A false dilemma (also called black-and/or-white thinking, bifurcation, denying a conjunct, the either-or fallacy, false dichotomy, fallacy of exhaustive hypotheses, the fallacy of false choice, the fallacy of the false alternative, or the fallacy of the excluded middle) is a type of informal fallacy that involves a situation in which limited alternatives are considered, when in fact there is at least one additional option.".
- False_dilemma label "Dychotomia myślenia".
- False_dilemma label "Falsa dicotomia".
- False_dilemma label "Falsa dicotomia".
- False_dilemma label "Falsches Dilemma".
- False_dilemma label "False dilemma".
- False_dilemma label "Falso dilema".
- False_dilemma label "Faux dilemme".
- False_dilemma label "Vals dilemma".
- False_dilemma label "Ложная дилемма".
- False_dilemma label "مأزق مفتعل".
- False_dilemma label "假兩難推理".
- False_dilemma label "誤った二分法".
- False_dilemma sameAs Falešné_dilema.
- False_dilemma sameAs Falsches_Dilemma.
- False_dilemma sameAs Ψευδές_δίλημμα.
- False_dilemma sameAs Falso_dilema.
- False_dilemma sameAs Faux_dilemme.
- False_dilemma sameAs Falsa_dicotomia.
- False_dilemma sameAs 誤った二分法.
- False_dilemma sameAs Vals_dilemma.
- False_dilemma sameAs Dychotomia_myślenia.
- False_dilemma sameAs Falsa_dicotomia.
- False_dilemma sameAs m.04g_n.
- False_dilemma sameAs Q265623.
- False_dilemma sameAs Q265623.
- False_dilemma sameAs False_dilemma.
- False_dilemma wasDerivedFrom False_dilemma?oldid=604361348.
- False_dilemma isPrimaryTopicOf False_dilemma.