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- Federal_Reserve_System abstract "The Federal Reserve System (also known as the Federal Reserve, and informally as the Fed) is the central banking system of the United States. It was created on December 23, 1913, with the enactment of the Federal Reserve Act, largely in response to a series of financial panics, particularly a severe panic in 1907. Over time, the roles and responsibilities of the Federal Reserve System have expanded, and its structure has evolved. Events such as the Great Depression were major factors leading to changes in the system.The U.S. Congress established three key objectives for monetary policy in the Federal Reserve Act: Maximum employment, stable prices, and moderate long-term interest rates. The first two objectives are sometimes referred to as the Federal Reserve's dual mandate. Its duties have expanded over the years, and today, according to official Federal Reserve documentation, include conducting the nation's monetary policy, supervising and regulating banking institutions, maintaining the stability of the financial system and providing financial services to depository institutions, the U.S. government, and foreign official institutions. The Fed also conducts research into the economy and releases numerous publications, such as the Beige Book.The Federal Reserve System's structure is composed of the presidentially appointed Board of Governors (or Federal Reserve Board), the Federal Open Market Committee (FOMC), twelve regional Federal Reserve Banks located in major cities throughout the nation, numerous privately owned U.S. member banks and various advisory councils. The FOMC is the committee responsible for setting monetary policy and consists of all seven members of the Board of Governors and the twelve regional bank presidents, though only five bank presidents vote at any given time (the president of the New York Fed and four others who rotate through one-year terms). The Federal Reserve System has both private and public components, and was designed to serve the interests of both the general public and private bankers. The result is a structure that is considered unique among central banks. It is also unusual in that an entity outside of the central bank, namely the United States Department of the Treasury, creates the currency used. According to the Board of Governors, the Federal Reserve System "is considered an independent central bank because its monetary policy decisions do not have to be approved by the President or anyone else in the executive or legislative branches of government, it does not receive funding appropriated by the Congress, and the terms of the members of the Board of Governors span multiple presidential and congressional terms."The authority of the Federal Reserve System is derived from statutes enacted by the U.S. Congress and the System is subject to congressional oversight. The members of the Board of Governors, including its chair and vice-chair, are chosen by the President and confirmed by the Senate. The federal government sets the salaries of the Board's seven governors. Nationally chartered commercial banks are required to hold stock in the Federal Reserve Bank of their region; this entitles them to elect some of the members of the board of the regional Federal Reserve Bank. Thus the Federal Reserve system has both public and private aspects. The U.S. Government receives all of the system's annual profits, after a statutory dividend of 6% on member banks' capital investment is paid, and an account surplus is maintained. In 2010, the Federal Reserve made a profit of $82 billion and transferred $79 billion to the U.S. Treasury. This was followed at the end of 2011 with a transfer of $77 billion in profits to the U.S. Treasury Department.".
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- Federal_Reserve_System wikiPageExternalLink SB123491373049303821.html.
- Federal_Reserve_System wikiPageExternalLink begin.pdf.
- Federal_Reserve_System wikiPageExternalLink FederalReserveSystem.html.
- Federal_Reserve_System wikiPageExternalLink R41656.pdf.
- Federal_Reserve_System wikiPageExternalLink R42962.pdf.
- Federal_Reserve_System wikiPageExternalLink www.federalreserve.gov.
- Federal_Reserve_System wikiPageExternalLink 19980502.htm.
- Federal_Reserve_System wikiPageExternalLink bst_fedsbalancesheet.htm.
- Federal_Reserve_System wikiPageExternalLink pf.htm.
- Federal_Reserve_System wikiPageExternalLink history.
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- Federal_Reserve_System wikiPageID "10819".
- Federal_Reserve_System wikiPageRevisionID "606754014".
- Federal_Reserve_System bankOf United_States.
- Federal_Reserve_System borrowingRate "0.15".
- Federal_Reserve_System currency United_States_dollar.
- Federal_Reserve_System currencyIso "USD".
- Federal_Reserve_System depositRate "0.25".
- Federal_Reserve_System hasPhotoCollection Federal_Reserve_System.
- Federal_Reserve_System image "Flag of the United States Federal Reserve.svg".
- Federal_Reserve_System image "US-FederalReserveSystem-Seal.svg".
- Federal_Reserve_System imageTitle "Flag of the Federal Reserve System".
- Federal_Reserve_System imageTitle "Seal of the Federal Reserve System".
- Federal_Reserve_System interestRateTarget "0".
- Federal_Reserve_System ioer "yes".
- Federal_Reserve_System leaderTitle Chair_of_the_Federal_Reserve.
- Federal_Reserve_System president Janet_Yellen.
- Federal_Reserve_System reserveRequirements "0".
- Federal_Reserve_System website www.federalreserve.gov.
- Federal_Reserve_System subject Category:1913_establishments_in_the_United_States.
- Federal_Reserve_System subject Category:Banks_established_in_1913.
- Federal_Reserve_System subject Category:Central_banks.
- Federal_Reserve_System subject Category:Federal_Reserve.
- Federal_Reserve_System subject Category:Government_agencies_established_in_1913.
- Federal_Reserve_System type Abstraction100002137.
- Federal_Reserve_System type AdministrativeUnit108077292.
- Federal_Reserve_System type Agency108337324.
- Federal_Reserve_System type BanksEstablishedIn1913.
- Federal_Reserve_System type CentralBank108349916.
- Federal_Reserve_System type CentralBanks.
- Federal_Reserve_System type DepositoryFinancialInstitution108420278.
- Federal_Reserve_System type FinancialInstitution108054721.
- Federal_Reserve_System type FinancialRegulatoryAuthoritiesOfTheUnitedStates.
- Federal_Reserve_System type GovernmentAgenciesEstablishedIn1913.
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- Federal_Reserve_System type Institution108053576.
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- Federal_Reserve_System type RegulatoryAgency108353406.
- Federal_Reserve_System type SocialGroup107950920.
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- Federal_Reserve_System type YagoLegalActor.
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- Federal_Reserve_System comment "The Federal Reserve System (also known as the Federal Reserve, and informally as the Fed) is the central banking system of the United States. It was created on December 23, 1913, with the enactment of the Federal Reserve Act, largely in response to a series of financial panics, particularly a severe panic in 1907. Over time, the roles and responsibilities of the Federal Reserve System have expanded, and its structure has evolved.".
- Federal_Reserve_System label "Federal Reserve System".
- Federal_Reserve_System label "Federal Reserve System".
- Federal_Reserve_System label "Federal Reserve System".
- Federal_Reserve_System label "Federal Reserve".
- Federal_Reserve_System label "Réserve fédérale des États-Unis".
- Federal_Reserve_System label "Sistema de Reserva Federal dos Estados Unidos".
- Federal_Reserve_System label "Sistema de Reserva Federal".
- Federal_Reserve_System label "System Rezerwy Federalnej Stanów Zjednoczonych".
- Federal_Reserve_System label "Федеральная резервная система".
- Federal_Reserve_System label "نظام الاحتياطي الفدرالي".
- Federal_Reserve_System label "联邦储备系统".
- Federal_Reserve_System label "連邦準備制度".
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- Federal_Reserve_System sameAs Federal_Reserve_System.
- Federal_Reserve_System sameAs Federal_Reserve_System.
- Federal_Reserve_System sameAs 連邦準備制度.
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- Federal_Reserve_System wasDerivedFrom Federal_Reserve_System?oldid=606754014.
- Federal_Reserve_System depiction US-FederalReserveSystem-Seal.svg.
- Federal_Reserve_System homepage www.federalreserve.gov.
- Federal_Reserve_System isPrimaryTopicOf Federal_Reserve_System.