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- First_Crusade abstract "The First Crusade (1096–1099) started as a widespread pilgrimage (France and Germany) and ended as a military expedition by Roman Catholic Europe to regain the Holy Lands taken in the Muslim conquests of the Levant (632–661), ultimately resulting in the recapture of Jerusalem in 1099. It was launched on 27 November 1095 by Pope Urban II with the primary goal of responding to an appeal from Byzantine Emperor Alexios I Komnenos, who requested that western volunteers come to his aid and help to repel the invading Seljuq Turks from Anatolia. An additional goal soon became the principal objective—the Christian reconquest of the sacred city of Jerusalem and the Holy Land and the freeing of the Eastern Christians from Muslim rule.During the crusade, knights, peasants and serfs (slaves) from many nations of Western Europe travelled over land and by sea, first to Constantinople and then on towards Jerusalem. The Crusaders arrived at Jerusalem, launched an assault on the city, and captured it in July 1099, massacring many of the city's Muslim, Christian, and Jewish inhabitants. They also established the crusader states of the Kingdom of Jerusalem, the County of Tripoli, the Principality of Antioch, and the County of Edessa.Because the First Crusade was largely concerned with Jerusalem, a city which had not been under Christian dominion for 461 years, and the crusader army refused to return the land to the control of the Byzantine Empire, the status of the First Crusade as defensive or as aggressive in nature remains controversial.The First Crusade was part of the Christian response to the Muslim conquests, and was followed by the Second to the Ninth Crusades, but the gains made lasted for less than 200 years. It was also the first major step towards reopening international trade in the West since the fall of the Western Roman Empire.".
- First_Crusade causalties "High".
- First_Crusade combatant "**Blois".
- First_Crusade combatant "**Boulogne".
- First_Crusade combatant "**County of Toulouse".
- First_Crusade combatant "**Flanders".
- First_Crusade combatant "**Genoa".
- First_Crusade combatant "**Le Puy-en-Velay".
- First_Crusade combatant "**Lower Lorraine".
- First_Crusade combatant "**Marquisate of Provence".
- First_Crusade combatant "**Normandy".
- First_Crusade combatant "**Taranto".
- First_Crusade combatant "**Vermandois".
- First_Crusade combatant "*Abbasids".
- First_Crusade combatant "*Almoravids".
- First_Crusade combatant "*Armenian Principality of Cilicia".
- First_Crusade combatant "*Byzantine Empire".
- First_Crusade combatant "*Danishmends".
- First_Crusade combatant "*Duchy of Apulia".
- First_Crusade combatant "*Fatimids".
- First_Crusade combatant "*Great Seljuq Empire".
- First_Crusade combatant "*Holy Roman Empire".
- First_Crusade combatant "*Kingdom of England".
- First_Crusade combatant "*Kingdom of France".
- First_Crusade combatant "Christendom:".
- First_Crusade combatant "Muslim world:".
- First_Crusade commander Adhemar_of_Le_Puy.
- First_Crusade commander Al-Afdal_Shahanshah.
- First_Crusade commander Alexios_I_Komnenos.
- First_Crusade commander Baldwin_I_of_Jerusalem.
- First_Crusade commander Bohemond_I_of_Antioch.
- First_Crusade commander Constantine_I,_Prince_of_Armenia.
- First_Crusade commander Danishmend_Gazi.
- First_Crusade commander Duqaq.
- First_Crusade commander Eustace_III,_Count_of_Boulogne.
- First_Crusade commander Fakhr_al-Mulk_Radwan.
- First_Crusade commander Godfrey_of_Bouillon.
- First_Crusade commander Guglielmo_Embriaco.
- First_Crusade commander Hugh_I,_Count_of_Vermandois.
- First_Crusade commander Iftikhar_al-Dawla.
- First_Crusade commander Kerbogha.
- First_Crusade commander Kilij_Arslan_I.
- First_Crusade commander Manuel_Boutoumites.
- First_Crusade commander Raymond_IV,_Count_of_Toulouse.
- First_Crusade commander Robert_Curthose.
- First_Crusade commander Robert_II,_Count_of_Flanders.
- First_Crusade commander Stephen,_Count_of_Blois.
- First_Crusade commander Tancred,_Prince_of_Galilee.
- First_Crusade commander Tatikios.
- First_Crusade commander Yaghi-Siyan.
- First_Crusade isPartOfMilitaryConflict Crusades.
- First_Crusade place Levant.
- First_Crusade place Near_East.
- First_Crusade place Palestine.
- First_Crusade result "Decisive Crusader victory".
- First_Crusade strength "* 30,000 infantry".
- First_Crusade strength "* 5,000 cavalry".
- First_Crusade strength "Byzantines:".
- First_Crusade strength "Crusaders:".
- First_Crusade strength "Unknown".
- First_Crusade strength "~ 2,000 men".
- First_Crusade strength "~ 35,000 men".
- First_Crusade territory Crusader_states.
- First_Crusade territory Kingdom_of_Jerusalem.
- First_Crusade thumbnail 1099jerusalem.jpg?width=300.
- First_Crusade wikiPageExternalLink History.CrusOne.
- First_Crusade wikiPageExternalLink 1stCrusade1.htm.
- First_Crusade wikiPageExternalLink 1stcru3.html.
- First_Crusade wikiPageExternalLink 1stcrusade2.html.
- First_Crusade wikiPageExternalLink HistCrusades.
- First_Crusade wikiPageExternalLink Sulami.html.
- First_Crusade wikiPageExternalLink firstcrusade.htm.
- First_Crusade wikiPageExternalLink magdalino.htm.
- First_Crusade wikiPageExternalLink The%20First%20Crusade.
- First_Crusade wikiPageExternalLink 1096jews-mainz.html.
- First_Crusade wikiPageExternalLink 1096jews.html.
- First_Crusade wikiPageExternalLink cde-antioch.html.
- First_Crusade wikiPageExternalLink cde-atcp.html.
- First_Crusade wikiPageExternalLink cde-jlem.html.
- First_Crusade wikiPageExternalLink cde-nicea.html.
- First_Crusade wikiPageExternalLink cde-tocp.html.
- First_Crusade wikiPageExternalLink ekkehard-aur1.html.
- First_Crusade wikiPageExternalLink fulk2.html.
- First_Crusade wikiPageExternalLink peterhermit.html.
- First_Crusade wikiPageID "106128".
- First_Crusade wikiPageRevisionID "606310458".
- First_Crusade caption "The capture of Jerusalem marked the First Crusade's success".
- First_Crusade casualties "High".
- First_Crusade casus "Desired Christian control of the Holy Land".
- First_Crusade casus "Military aid of Byzantines against the Turks".
- First_Crusade combatant "*Great Seljuq Empire *Danishmends *Fatimids *Almoravids *Abbasids".
- First_Crusade combatant "*Kingdom of France **Blois **County of Toulouse **Boulogne **Marquisate of Provence **Flanders **Normandy **Le Puy-en-Velay **Vermandois *Holy Roman Empire **Genoa **Lower Lorraine *Kingdom of England *Duchy of Apulia **Taranto *Byzantine Empire *Armenian Principality of Cilicia".
- First_Crusade combatant "Christendom:".
- First_Crusade combatant "Muslim world:".
- First_Crusade commander Godfrey_of_Bouillon.
- First_Crusade commander Kilij_Arslan_I.
- First_Crusade commander "Adhemar of Le Puy".
- First_Crusade commander "Al-Afdal Shahanshah".
- First_Crusade commander "Alexios I Komnenos".
- First_Crusade commander "Baldwin of Boulogne".