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- First_Jewish–Roman_War abstract "The First Jewish–Roman War (66–73 CE), sometimes called The Great Revolt (Hebrew: המרד הגדול, ha-Mered Ha-Gadol, Latin: Primum populi Romani bellum in Iudaeos), was the first of three major rebellions by the Jews of Judea Province (Iudaea) against the Roman Empire. The second was the Kitos War in 115–117, and the third was Bar Kokhba's revolt of 132–135.The Great Revolt began in the year 66 CE, originating in the Greek and Jewish religious tensions. The crisis escalated due to anti-taxation protests and attacks upon Roman citizens. The Romans responded by plundering the Second Jewish Temple and executing up to 6,000 Jews in Jerusalem, prompting a full-scale rebellion. The Roman military garrison of Judaea was quickly overrun by rebels, while the pro-Roman king Agrippa II, together with Roman officials, fled Jerusalem. As it became clear the rebellion was getting out of control, Cestius Gallus, the legate of Syria, brought in the Syrian army, based on XII Fulminata and reinforced by auxiliary troops, to restore order and quell the revolt. Despite initial advances and conquest of Jaffa, the Syrian Legion was ambushed and defeated by Jewish rebels at the Battle of Beth Horon with 6,000 Romans massacred and the Legion's aquila lost - a result that shocked the Roman leadership.Later, in Jerusalem, an attempt by Menahem ben Yehuda, leader of the Sicarii, to take control of the city failed. He was executed and the remaining Sicarii were ejected from the city. A charismatic, but radical peasant leader Simon bar Giora was also expelled by the new Judean government, and Ananus ben Ananus began reinforcing the city. Yosef ben Matityahu was appointed the rebel commander in the Galilee and Elazar ben Hananiya as the commander in Edom.The experienced and unassuming general Vespasian was given the task of crushing the rebellion in Judaea province. His son Titus was appointed as second-in-command. Given four legions and assisted by forces of King Agrippa II, Vespasian invaded Galilee in 67. Avoiding a direct attack on the reinforced city of Jerusalem, which was defended by the main rebel force, the Romans launched a persistent campaign of terror to eradicate rebel strongholds and punish the population. Within several months Vespasian and Titus took over the major Jewish strongholds of Galilee and finally overran Jodapatha, which was under the command of Yosef ben Matitiyahu, after a 47 day siege. Driven from Galilee, Zealot rebels and thousands of refugees arrived in Judea, creating political turmoil in Jerusalem. Confrontation between the mainly Sadducee Jerusalemites and the mainly Zealot factions of the Northern Revolt under the command of John of Giscala and Eleazar ben Simon, erupted into bloody violence. With Edomites entering the city and fighting by the side of the Zealots, Ananus ben Ananus was killed and his faction suffered severe casualties. Bar-Giora, commanding 15,000 troops, was then invited into Jerusalem by the Sadducee leaders to stand against the Zealots, and quickly took control over much of the city. Bitter infighting between factions of Bar-Giora, John and Eleazar followed through the year 69.After a lull in the military operations, owing to civil war and political turmoil in Rome, Vespasian was called to Rome and appointed as Emperor in 69. With Vespasian's departure, Titus moved to besiege the center of rebel resistance in Jerusalem in early 70. The first two walls of Jerusalem were breached within three weeks, but a stubborn rebel standoff prevented the Roman Army from breaking the third and thickest wall. Following a brutal seven-month siege, during which Zealot infighting resulted in burning of the entire food supplies of the city, the Romans finally succeeded in breaching the defenses of the weakened Jewish forces in the summer of 70. Following the fall of Jerusalem, Titus left for Rome, leaving Legion X Fretensis to defeat the remaining Jewish strongholds, finalizing the Roman campaign in Masada in 73–74.".
- First_Jewish–Roman_War thumbnail Galilee_to_Judea.gif?width=300.
- First_Jewish–Roman_War wikiPageID "429438".
- First_Jewish–Roman_War wikiPageRevisionID "604963057".
- First_Jewish–Roman_War caption "Judaea and Galilee in the first century".
- First_Jewish–Roman_War casualties "10000".
- First_Jewish–Roman_War casualties "20000".
- First_Jewish–Roman_War casualties "25000".
- First_Jewish–Roman_War combatant "* Adiabene volunteers".
- First_Jewish–Roman_War combatant "20".
- First_Jewish–Roman_War combatant "Radical factions: * Zealots * Idumeans ---- * Sicarii".
- First_Jewish–Roman_War commander Yosef_ben_Gurion.
- First_Jewish–Roman_War commander "20".
- First_Jewish–Roman_War commander "Ananus ben Ananus".
- First_Jewish–Roman_War commander "Eleazar ben Simon ---- Menahem ben Yehuda".
- First_Jewish–Roman_War commander "Eleazar ben Ya'ir".
- First_Jewish–Roman_War commander "Eliezar ben Hanania".
- First_Jewish–Roman_War commander "Simon Bar-Giora".
- First_Jewish–Roman_War commander "Yohanan of Gush Halav".
- First_Jewish–Roman_War commander "Yosef ben Matityahu".
- First_Jewish–Roman_War conflict "First Jewish-Roman War".
- First_Jewish–Roman_War date "66".
- First_Jewish–Roman_War notes "Total killed: 250,000 – 1.1 million Jewish militants and civilians killed;97,000 enslaved".
- First_Jewish–Roman_War partof "the Jewish–Roman wars".
- First_Jewish–Roman_War place Judea_(Roman_province).
- First_Jewish–Roman_War result "Roman victory, destruction of the Temple".
- First_Jewish–Roman_War strength "10000".
- First_Jewish–Roman_War strength "15000".
- First_Jewish–Roman_War strength "20000".
- First_Jewish–Roman_War strength "2400".
- First_Jewish–Roman_War strength "5".
- First_Jewish–Roman_War strength "500".
- First_Jewish–Roman_War strength "6000".
- First_Jewish–Roman_War strength "Roman guard in early stage".
- First_Jewish–Roman_War strength "Syrian Legion in Beth Horon;".
- First_Jewish–Roman_War subject Category:1st-century_conflicts.
- First_Jewish–Roman_War subject Category:1st_century_in_Asia.
- First_Jewish–Roman_War subject Category:1st_century_in_the_Roman_Empire.
- First_Jewish–Roman_War subject Category:66_in_Asia.
- First_Jewish–Roman_War subject Category:66_in_the_Roman_Empire.
- First_Jewish–Roman_War subject Category:73_in_Asia.
- First_Jewish–Roman_War subject Category:73_in_the_Roman_Empire.
- First_Jewish–Roman_War subject Category:Flavian_military_campaigns.
- First_Jewish–Roman_War subject Category:Jewish–Roman_wars.
- First_Jewish–Roman_War subject Category:Jews_and_Judaism_in_the_Roman_Empire.
- First_Jewish–Roman_War subject Category:Julio-Claudian_dynasty.
- First_Jewish–Roman_War subject Category:Rebellions_in_Asia.
- First_Jewish–Roman_War subject Category:Year_of_the_Four_Emperors.
- First_Jewish–Roman_War type Event.
- First_Jewish–Roman_War type MilitaryConflict.
- First_Jewish–Roman_War type SocietalEvent.
- First_Jewish–Roman_War type Event.
- First_Jewish–Roman_War type Event.
- First_Jewish–Roman_War type Thing.
- First_Jewish–Roman_War comment "The First Jewish–Roman War (66–73 CE), sometimes called The Great Revolt (Hebrew: המרד הגדול, ha-Mered Ha-Gadol, Latin: Primum populi Romani bellum in Iudaeos), was the first of three major rebellions by the Jews of Judea Province (Iudaea) against the Roman Empire. The second was the Kitos War in 115–117, and the third was Bar Kokhba's revolt of 132–135.The Great Revolt began in the year 66 CE, originating in the Greek and Jewish religious tensions.".
- First_Jewish–Roman_War label "First Jewish–Roman War".
- First_Jewish–Roman_War label "Joodse Oorlog".
- First_Jewish–Roman_War label "Jüdischer Krieg".
- First_Jewish–Roman_War label "Première Guerre judéo-romaine".
- First_Jewish–Roman_War label "Prima guerra giudaica".
- First_Jewish–Roman_War label "Primeira guerra judaico-romana".
- First_Jewish–Roman_War label "Primera Guerra Judeo-Romana".
- First_Jewish–Roman_War label "Wojna żydowska (66-73)".
- First_Jewish–Roman_War label "Первая Иудейская война".
- First_Jewish–Roman_War label "الثورة اليهودية الكبرى".
- First_Jewish–Roman_War label "ユダヤ戦争".
- First_Jewish–Roman_War label "犹太战争".
- First_Jewish–Roman_War sameAs First_Jewish%E2%80%93Roman_War.
- First_Jewish–Roman_War sameAs První_židovská_válka.
- First_Jewish–Roman_War sameAs Jüdischer_Krieg.
- First_Jewish–Roman_War sameAs Πρώτος_Ιουδαϊκός_Πόλεμος.
- First_Jewish–Roman_War sameAs Primera_Guerra_Judeo-Romana.
- First_Jewish–Roman_War sameAs Première_Guerre_judéo-romaine.
- First_Jewish–Roman_War sameAs Perang_Yahudi-Romawi_Pertama.
- First_Jewish–Roman_War sameAs Prima_guerra_giudaica.
- First_Jewish–Roman_War sameAs ユダヤ戦争.
- First_Jewish–Roman_War sameAs 제1차_유대-로마_전쟁.
- First_Jewish–Roman_War sameAs Joodse_Oorlog.
- First_Jewish–Roman_War sameAs Wojna_żydowska_(66-73).
- First_Jewish–Roman_War sameAs Primeira_guerra_judaico-romana.
- First_Jewish–Roman_War sameAs Q202578.
- First_Jewish–Roman_War sameAs Q202578.
- First_Jewish–Roman_War wasDerivedFrom First_Jewish–Roman_War?oldid=604963057.
- First_Jewish–Roman_War depiction Galilee_to_Judea.gif.