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- Foam_cell abstract "Foam Cells are fat-laden immune cells of the type macrophage. They are an indication of plaque-build up, or atherosclerosis, which is commonly associated with increased risk of heart attack and stroke. Foam cells are formed when the body sends macrophages to the location of a fatty deposit on the blood vessel walls. The macrophage surrounds the fatty material in an attempt to destroy it. The cell becomes filled with lipids (fats). The lipids surrounded by the macrophage give it a “foamy” appearance. In chronic hyperlipidemia, lipoproteins aggregate within the intima of blood vessels and become oxidized by the action of oxygen free radicals generated either by macrophages or endothelial cells. The macrophages engulf oxidized low-density lipoproteins (LDLs) by endocytosis via scavenger receptors, which are distinct from LDL receptors. The oxidized LDL accumulates in the macrophages and other phagocytes, which are then known as foam cells. Foam cells form the fatty streaks of the plaques of atheroma in the tunica intima of arteries.Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol is contained by a foam cell. LDL is also known as “bad” cholesterol. It becomes a marker for atherosclerosis. Foam cells are the body’s way of trying to get rid of bad cholesterol from the blood vessels. Foam cells do not give off any explicit signs or symptoms, but they are part of the origin of atherosclerosis. Foam cells are very small in size and can only be truly detected by examining a fatty plaque under a microscope after it is removed from the body. HDL cholesterol is good cholesterol and it removes harmful bad cholesterol from where it does not belong. If foam cells are present, standard treatments for atherosclerosis are an appropriate treatment. Foam cells are not dangerous as such, but can become a problem when they accumulate at particular foci thus creating a necrotic centre of atherosclerosis. If the fibrous cap that prevents the necrotic centre from spilling into the lumen of a vessel ruptures, a thrombus can form which can lead to emboli occluding smaller vessels. The occlusion of small vessels results in ischemia, and contributes to stroke and myocardial infarction, two of the leading causes of cardiovascular-related death.Atherosclerosis is the hardening and narrowing of the arteries, due to the formation of plaques in the blood vessel. Atherosclerosis is the usual cause of heart attacks, strokes, and peripheral vascular disease. Together, these diseases are called “cardiovascular disease.” Atherosclerosis A condition in which patchy deposits of fatty material develop in the walls of medium-sized and large arteries, leading to reduced or blocked blood flow Caused by repeated injury to the walls of arteries Factors that contribute to injury include: high blood pressure, tobacco smoke, diabetes, and high levels of cholesterol in the blood First symptom is pain or cramps Preventions include: stop using tobacco, improve diet, exercise regularly, and maintain control of blood pressure and diabetes Causes complications such as a heart attack or stroke Leading cause of illness and death in most developed countries Can affect the medium-sized and large arteries of the brain, heart, kidneys, other vital organs, and legs Three types- atherosclerosis (large and medium arteries/ most common form), arteriolosclerosis, (small arteries and arterioles) and Mönckeberg’s arteriosclerosis (muscular arteries) Treatment: drugs that include statins and aspirin or other antiplatelet drugs Foam Cells will form around silicone breast implants as well, which may lead to Atherosclerosis. (see Journal of Clinical Pathology for more information: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC500799/?page=1) May also be linked to autoimmunity. Risk factors for Atherosclerosis advancing age sex (males and post-menopausal females) hyperlipidaemia hypertension smoking diabetes mellitus family history homocystinuriaArteriosclerosis is defined by thickening and loss of elasticity of the arterial walls.There are 3 patterns (arteriosclerosis is used as a generic term for all patterns above): Atherosclerosis: large and medium sized arteries Mönckeberg medial calcific sclerosis: muscular arteries Arteriolosclerosis: small arteries and arteriolesAutoimmunity occurs when the body starts attacking itself. The link between atherosclerosis and autoimmunity is plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs). PDCs contribute to the early stages of the formation of atherosclerotic lesions in the blood vessels. Stimulation of pDCs leads to an increase of macrophages present in plaques.".
- Foam_cell thumbnail Gallbladder_cholesterolosis_intermed_mag_cropped.jpg?width=300.
- Foam_cell wikiPageExternalLink ?page=1).
- Foam_cell wikiPageID "5560406".
- Foam_cell wikiPageRevisionID "599713032".
- Foam_cell hasPhotoCollection Foam_cell.
- Foam_cell subject Category:Macrophages.
- Foam_cell type BloodCell105449268.
- Foam_cell type BloodCells.
- Foam_cell type Cell100006484.
- Foam_cell type LivingThing100004258.
- Foam_cell type Object100002684.
- Foam_cell type PhysicalEntity100001930.
- Foam_cell type SomaticCell105430628.
- Foam_cell type Whole100003553.
- Foam_cell comment "Foam Cells are fat-laden immune cells of the type macrophage. They are an indication of plaque-build up, or atherosclerosis, which is commonly associated with increased risk of heart attack and stroke. Foam cells are formed when the body sends macrophages to the location of a fatty deposit on the blood vessel walls. The macrophage surrounds the fatty material in an attempt to destroy it. The cell becomes filled with lipids (fats).".
- Foam_cell label "Cellule spumeuse".
- Foam_cell label "Célula espumosa".
- Foam_cell label "Foam cell".
- Foam_cell label "Schaumzelle".
- Foam_cell sameAs Schaumzelle.
- Foam_cell sameAs Célula_espumosa.
- Foam_cell sameAs Cellule_spumeuse.
- Foam_cell sameAs m.025tjgw.
- Foam_cell sameAs Q1425962.
- Foam_cell sameAs Q1425962.
- Foam_cell sameAs Foam_cell.
- Foam_cell wasDerivedFrom Foam_cell?oldid=599713032.
- Foam_cell depiction Gallbladder_cholesterolosis_intermed_mag_cropped.jpg.
- Foam_cell isPrimaryTopicOf Foam_cell.