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- German_Empire abstract "The German Empire (German: Deutsches Reich or Deutsches Kaiserreich) was the historical German nation state that existed from the unification of Germany in 1871 to the defeat in World War 1 in 1918, when Germany became a federal republic. The state was the predecessor of today's Germany. The Empire is sometimes called the German Reich (literally: "German Realm").The German Empire consisted of 27 constituent territories (most of them ruled by royal families). While the Kingdom of Prussia contained most of the population and most of the territory of the Reich, the Prussian leadership became supplanted by German leaders and Prussia itself played a lesser role. As Dwyer (2005) points out, Prussia's "political and cultural influence had diminished considerably" by the 1890s. Its three largest neighbours were rivals Imperial Russia to the east, France to the west and ally Austria-Hungary to the south.Germany industrialized rapidly after 1850, with a foundation in coal, iron (and later steel), chemicals and railways. From a population of 41 million people in 1871, it grew to 68 million in 1913. From a heavily rural nation in 1815, it was now predominantly urban. During its 47 years of existence, the German Empire operated as an industrial, technological and scientific giant, receiving more Nobel Prizes in science than Britain, France, Russia and the United States combined.It became a great power, boasting a rapidly growing rail network, the world's strongest army, and a fast-growing industrial base. Its navy went from being negligible to second only behind the Royal Navy in less than a decade. After the removal of the powerful Chancellor Otto von Bismarck in 1890 following the death of Emperor Wilhelm I, the young Emperor Wilhelm II engaged in increasingly reckless foreign policies that left the Empire isolated. Its network of small colonies in Africa and the Pacific paled in comparison to the British and French empires, and only a small number became profitable. When the great crisis of 1914 arrived, it had only two weak allies, the Austro-Hungarian and Ottoman Empires, later joined by Bulgaria.In World War I German plans to quickly capture Paris in autumn 1914 failed and the Western Front (against Britain and France) became a stalemate. The Allied naval blockade made for increasing shortages of food, and Germany was repeatedly forced to send troops to bolster Austria and Turkey on other fronts. However, Germany had great success on the Eastern Front; as a result of the Communists' determination to end Russian involvement in World War I, it carved out large Eastern territories following the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk. German declaration of unrestricted submarine warfare in early 1917 was designed to strangle the British; it failed because of the use of a trans-Atlantic convoy system. But the declaration - along with the Zimmermann Telegram - did bring the United States into the war, with its large reserves of money, food, armaments and soldiers. Meanwhile German civilians and soldiers had become radicalised by the Russian Revolution. The high command under Paul von Hindenburg and Erich Ludendorff increasingly controlled the Reich as they gambled on one last offensive in spring 1918 (before the Americans could arrive in force) using large numbers of troops and guns withdrawn from the Eastern Front. It failed and by October the armies had been in retreat since August, the Austro-Hungarian Empire and the Ottoman Empire had collapsed, and the German people had lost faith in the political system. The Empire collapsed overnight in the November 1918 Revolution as all the royals abdicated and a republic took over.".
- German_Empire anthem Deutschlandlied.
- German_Empire anthem Die_Wacht_am_Rhein.
- German_Empire anthem Heil_dir_im_Siegerkranz.
- German_Empire currency Bremen_thaler.
- German_Empire currency French_franc.
- German_Empire currency German_Papiermark.
- German_Empire currency German_gold_mark.
- German_Empire currency Hamburg_mark.
- German_Empire currency South_German_gulden.
- German_Empire currency Vereinsthaler.
- German_Empire dissolutionDate "1918-11-09".
- German_Empire dissolutionYear "1918".
- German_Empire foundingDate "1871-01-18".
- German_Empire foundingYear "1871".
- German_Empire governmentType Federal_monarchy.
- German_Empire governmentType Parliamentary_system.
- German_Empire motto "("God with us")".
- German_Empire motto "Gott mit uns".
- German_Empire thumbnail Flag_of_Prussia_1892-1918.svg?width=300.
- German_Empire wikiPageExternalLink bismarckstatesoc00daws.
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- German_Empire wikiPageID "12674".
- German_Empire wikiPageRevisionID "606651857".
- German_Empire capital "Berlin".
- German_Empire coatAlt "Shield containing a black, one-headed, rightward-looking eagle with red beak, tongue and claws. On its breast is a shield with another eagle. Over its head is an imperial crown with two crossing ribbons.".
- German_Empire commonLanguages Danish_language.
- German_Empire commonLanguages East_Frisian_Low_Saxon.
- German_Empire commonLanguages French_language.
- German_Empire commonLanguages German_language.
- German_Empire commonLanguages Lithuanian_language.
- German_Empire commonLanguages Low_German.
- German_Empire commonLanguages Papuan_languages.
- German_Empire commonLanguages Polish_language.
- German_Empire commonLanguages Samoan_language.
- German_Empire commonLanguages Sorbian_languages.
- German_Empire commonLanguages Yiddish_language.
- German_Empire commonLanguages "Bantu, Oshiwambo, Afrikaans, Swahili".
- German_Empire commonLanguages "Colonial languages:".
- German_Empire commonLanguages "Official language:".
- German_Empire commonLanguages "Tsingtao Chinese and Mandarin Chinese".
- German_Empire commonLanguages "Unofficial minority languages:".
- German_Empire commonName "Germany".
- German_Empire continent "Europe".
- German_Empire conventionalLongName "German Reich".
- German_Empire country "Germany".
- German_Empire currency Bremen_thaler.
- German_Empire currency French_franc.
- German_Empire currency German_Papiermark.
- German_Empire currency German_gold_mark.
- German_Empire currency Hamburg_mark.
- German_Empire currency South_German_gulden.
- German_Empire currency Vereinsthaler.
- German_Empire dateEnd "--11-09".
- German_Empire dateEvent "1871-04-16".
- German_Empire dateEvent "1914-07-28".
- German_Empire dateEvent "1918-11-09".
- German_Empire dateEvent "1918-11-11".
- German_Empire datePost "1919-06-28".
- German_Empire dateStart "--01-18".
- German_Empire deputy "Friedrich Ebert".
- German_Empire deputy "Otto von Bismarck".
- German_Empire era New_Imperialism.
- German_Empire era World_War_I.
- German_Empire event Constitution_of_the_German_Empire.
- German_Empire event First_Armistice_at_Compi%C3%A8gne.
- German_Empire event German_Revolution_of_1918%E2%80%9319.
- German_Empire event World_War_I.
- German_Empire eventEnd "Abdication of Emperor".
- German_Empire eventPost Treaty_of_Versailles.
- German_Empire eventStart Unification_of_Germany.
- German_Empire flag "Flag of Germany#North German Confederation and the German Empire".
- German_Empire flagAlt "Horizontal tricolor".
- German_Empire flagP "Flag of Bavaria .svg".
- German_Empire flagP "Flag of France.svg".
- German_Empire flagP "Flag of Prussia 1892-1918.svg".
- German_Empire flagP "Flag of the German Empire.svg".
- German_Empire flagP "Flagge Großherzogtum Baden .svg".