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- HIV-associated_neurocognitive_disorder abstract "HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder (HAND) is a common umbrella term for neurological disorders associated with HIV infection and AIDS. HAND may include neurological disorders of various severity such as AIDS dementia complex (ADC) also known as HIV dementia and HIV-associated dementia (HAD), HIV encephalopathy, and Mild Neurocognitive Disorder (MND). HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders are associated with a metabolic encephalopathy induced by HIV infection and fueled by immune activation of macrophages and microglia. These cells are actively infected with HIV and secrete neurotoxins of both host and viral origin. The essential features of ADC are disabling cognitive impairment accompanied by motor dysfunction, speech problems and behavioral change. Cognitive impairment is characterised by mental slowness, trouble with memory and poor concentration. Motor symptoms include a loss of fine motor control leading to clumsiness, poor balance and tremors. Behavioral changes may include apathy, lethargy and diminished emotional responses and spontaneity. Histopathologically, it is identified by the infiltration of monocytes and macrophages into the central nervous system (CNS), gliosis, pallor of myelin sheaths, abnormalities of dendritic processes and neuronal loss.ADC typically occurs after years of HIV infection and is associated with low CD4+ T cell levels and high plasma viral loads. It is sometimes seen as the first sign of the onset of AIDS. Prevalence is between 10-24% in Western countries and has only been seen in 1-2% of India based infections. With the advent of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), the incidence of ADC has declined in developed countries, although its prevalence is increasing. HAART may prevent or delay the onset of ADC in people with HIV infection, and may also improve mental function in people who already have ADC. Dementia only exists when neurocognitive impairment in the patient is severe enough to interfere markedly with day-to-day function. That is, the patient is typically unable to work and may not be able to take care of him or herself. Before this, the patient is said to have a mild neurocognitive disorder.".
- HIV-associated_neurocognitive_disorder icd10 "B22, F02.4".
- HIV-associated_neurocognitive_disorder icd9 "042".
- HIV-associated_neurocognitive_disorder meshId "D015526".
- HIV-associated_neurocognitive_disorder wikiPageID "3250177".
- HIV-associated_neurocognitive_disorder wikiPageRevisionID "567117448".
- HIV-associated_neurocognitive_disorder icd "42".
- HIV-associated_neurocognitive_disorder icd "B22, F02.4".
- HIV-associated_neurocognitive_disorder meshid "D015526".
- HIV-associated_neurocognitive_disorder name "AIDS dementia complex".
- HIV-associated_neurocognitive_disorder subject Category:Cognitive_disorders.
- HIV-associated_neurocognitive_disorder subject Category:Dementia.
- HIV-associated_neurocognitive_disorder subject AIDS.
- HIV-associated_neurocognitive_disorder subject Category:Psychiatric_diagnosis.
- HIV-associated_neurocognitive_disorder type Disease.
- HIV-associated_neurocognitive_disorder type Situation.
- HIV-associated_neurocognitive_disorder comment "HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder (HAND) is a common umbrella term for neurological disorders associated with HIV infection and AIDS. HAND may include neurological disorders of various severity such as AIDS dementia complex (ADC) also known as HIV dementia and HIV-associated dementia (HAD), HIV encephalopathy, and Mild Neurocognitive Disorder (MND).".
- HIV-associated_neurocognitive_disorder label "Complejo de demencia asociado al sida".
- HIV-associated_neurocognitive_disorder label "Demência na doença pelo vírus da imunodeficiência humana (HIV)".
- HIV-associated_neurocognitive_disorder label "HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder".
- HIV-associated_neurocognitive_disorder sameAs Complejo_de_demencia_asociado_al_sida.
- HIV-associated_neurocognitive_disorder sameAs Kompleks_demensia_AIDS.
- HIV-associated_neurocognitive_disorder sameAs Demência_na_doença_pelo_vírus_da_imunodeficiência_humana_(HIV).
- HIV-associated_neurocognitive_disorder sameAs m.0917ns.
- HIV-associated_neurocognitive_disorder sameAs Q3435504.
- HIV-associated_neurocognitive_disorder sameAs Q3435504.
- HIV-associated_neurocognitive_disorder wasDerivedFrom HIV-associated_neurocognitive_disorder?oldid=567117448.
- HIV-associated_neurocognitive_disorder isPrimaryTopicOf HIV-associated_neurocognitive_disorder.
- HIV-associated_neurocognitive_disorder name "AIDS dementia complex".