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• Hawikuh_Ruins abstract "Hawikuh Ruins, or Hawikuh (Hawikku, "gum leaves" in Zuni ) is a National Historic Landmark located 12 miles southwest of Zuni Pueblo, New Mexico, on the Zuni Indian Reservation. It is included within Zuni-Cibola Complex, a larger National Historic Landmark District that includes other ruins as well.Hawikuh was one of the largest of the Zuni pueblos at the time of the Spanish entrada. It was founded around 1400 AD. It was the first pueblo to be visited and conquered by Spanish explorers.Estevanico, a North African slave assigned to Fray Marcos de Niza's expedition, was the first non-native to visit Hawikuh, in 1539. He was killed when he unwittingly alarmed Zuni tribesmen with decorations that symbolized death.Francisco Vásquez de Coronado conquered the pueblo in 1540, hoping it was one of the legendary "Seven Cities of Gold". He recorded its native name at the time as Cevola, though others who accompanied him wrote it as Cibola in their accounts. It has been conjectured that this name comes from a word meaning "buffalo". Coronado was severely disappointed by the lack of gold, but wrote that, "As far as I can tell, these Indians worship water, because it makes the corn grow and sustains their life." About the pueblo, he reported that, "Although they are not decorated with turquoises, nor made of lime or good bricks, nevertheless they are very good houses, with three, four, and five stories, where there are very good apartments... and some very good rooms underground [ Kivas], paved, which are made for winter and have something like hot baths." Some Hawikuu residents fled to the Dowa Yalanne mesa top to escape the attackers of the Coronado expedition. The 14 structures at Dowa Yalanne used as a refuge from the Spaniards between 1540-1680 were called Heshoda Ayahltona ("ancient buildings above").In 1628 the Mission La Purisima Concepcíón de Hawikuh was established. The Spanish attempted to suppress the Zuni religion, and introduced the encomienda forced-labor system. In 1632, the Hawikuh Zunis rebelled, burnt the church, and killed the priest. In 1672, the church was burnt again, by Apache raiders, and it was burnt a final time in 1680 during the Great Pueblo Revolt, when all the Nuevo Mexico pueblos rose against the Spanish. After this revolt, Hawikuh was permanently abandoned.The ruins of Hawikuh were excavated during the period 1917-23 by the Heye Foundation under the leadership of Frederick Webb Hodge. The records and artifacts from this excavation are now at the National Museum of the American Indian. Hawikuh was declared a National Historic Landmark in 1961.Hawikuh is located on the Zuni Indian Reservation near Zuni, New Mexico. The site may be visited with advance permission from the Zuni tribal office and a guide: 505-782-7022.".
• Hawikuh_Ruins added "1966-10-15".
• Hawikuh_Ruins architect Zuni_people.
• Hawikuh_Ruins architecturalStyle Pueblo.
• Hawikuh_Ruins architecturalStyle Spanish_Colonial_architecture.
• Hawikuh_Ruins location Cibola_County,_New_Mexico.
• Hawikuh_Ruins location New_Mexico.
• Hawikuh_Ruins nearestCity Zuni_Pueblo,_New_Mexico.
• Hawikuh_Ruins nrhpReferenceNumber "66000502".
• Hawikuh_Ruins thumbnail Hawikuh_church.jpg?width=300.
• Hawikuh_Ruins wikiPageExternalLink hawikuh.php.
• Hawikuh_Ruins wikiPageExternalLink sitec38.htm.
• Hawikuh_Ruins wikiPageExternalLink battleofhawikuh.html.
• Hawikuh_Ruins wikiPageID "5182444".
• Hawikuh_Ruins wikiPageRevisionID "593886366".
• Hawikuh_Ruins yearOfConstruction "1400".
• Hawikuh_Ruins added "1966-10-15".
• Hawikuh_Ruins architect Zuni_people.
• Hawikuh_Ruins architecture Pueblo.
• Hawikuh_Ruins architecture Spanish_Colonial_architecture.
• Hawikuh_Ruins built "circa 1400".
• Hawikuh_Ruins caption "Ruins of Mission La Purísima Concepción de Hawikuh, photo circa 1886".
• Hawikuh_Ruins designatedNrhpType "1960-10-09".
• Hawikuh_Ruins governingBody "Private".
• Hawikuh_Ruins hasPhotoCollection Hawikuh_Ruins.
• Hawikuh_Ruins latDegrees "34".
• Hawikuh_Ruins latDirection "N".
• Hawikuh_Ruins latMinutes "55".
• Hawikuh_Ruins latSeconds "56".
• Hawikuh_Ruins location Cibola_County,_New_Mexico.
• Hawikuh_Ruins location New_Mexico.
• Hawikuh_Ruins locmapin "New Mexico".
• Hawikuh_Ruins longDegrees "108".
• Hawikuh_Ruins longDirection "W".
• Hawikuh_Ruins longMinutes "59".
• Hawikuh_Ruins longSeconds "4.4".
• Hawikuh_Ruins name "Hawikuh".
• Hawikuh_Ruins nearestCity Zuni_Pueblo,_New_Mexico.
• Hawikuh_Ruins nrhpType "nhl".
• Hawikuh_Ruins refnum "66000502".
• Hawikuh_Ruins wordnet_type synset-location-noun-1.
• Hawikuh_Ruins subject Category:Archaeological_sites_on_the_National_Register_of_Historic_Places_in_New_Mexico.
• Hawikuh_Ruins subject Category:Former_populated_places_in_New_Mexico.
• Hawikuh_Ruins subject Category:History_of_Cibola_County,_New_Mexico.
• Hawikuh_Ruins subject Category:National_Historic_Landmarks_in_New_Mexico.
• Hawikuh_Ruins subject Category:Populated_places_established_in_the_13th_century.
• Hawikuh_Ruins subject Category:Protected_areas_of_Cibola_County,_New_Mexico.
• Hawikuh_Ruins subject Category:Puebloan_buildings_and_structures.
• Hawikuh_Ruins subject Category:Ruins_in_the_United_States.
• Hawikuh_Ruins point "34.93222222222222 -108.98455555555556".
• Hawikuh_Ruins type Area108497294.
• Hawikuh_Ruins type FormerPopulatedPlacesInNewMexico.
• Hawikuh_Ruins type GeographicalArea108574314.
• Hawikuh_Ruins type Landmark108624891.
• Hawikuh_Ruins type Location100027167.
• Hawikuh_Ruins type NationalHistoricLandmarksInNewMexico.
• Hawikuh_Ruins type Object100002684.
• Hawikuh_Ruins type PhysicalEntity100001930.
• Hawikuh_Ruins type Point108620061.
• Hawikuh_Ruins type PopulatedPlacesEstablishedInThe13thCentury.
• Hawikuh_Ruins type Position108621598.
• Hawikuh_Ruins type ProtectedAreasOfCibolaCounty,NewMexico.
• Hawikuh_Ruins type Region108630985.
• Hawikuh_Ruins type Site108651247.
• Hawikuh_Ruins type Tract108673395.
• Hawikuh_Ruins type YagoGeoEntity.
• Hawikuh_Ruins type YagoLegalActorGeo.
• Hawikuh_Ruins type YagoPermanentlyLocatedEntity.
• Hawikuh_Ruins type ArchitecturalStructure.
• Hawikuh_Ruins type Building.
• Hawikuh_Ruins type Place.
• Hawikuh_Ruins type Wikidata:Q532.
• Hawikuh_Ruins type Place.
• Hawikuh_Ruins type Place.
• Hawikuh_Ruins type Location.
• Hawikuh_Ruins type _Feature.
• Hawikuh_Ruins comment "Hawikuh Ruins, or Hawikuh (Hawikku, "gum leaves" in Zuni ) is a National Historic Landmark located 12 miles southwest of Zuni Pueblo, New Mexico, on the Zuni Indian Reservation. It is included within Zuni-Cibola Complex, a larger National Historic Landmark District that includes other ruins as well.Hawikuh was one of the largest of the Zuni pueblos at the time of the Spanish entrada. It was founded around 1400 AD.".
• Hawikuh_Ruins label "Hawiku".
• Hawikuh_Ruins label "Hawikuh Ruins".
• Hawikuh_Ruins label "Háwikuh".
• Hawikuh_Ruins sameAs Hawiku.
• Hawikuh_Ruins sameAs Háwikuh.
• Hawikuh_Ruins sameAs m.0d6nmz.
• Hawikuh_Ruins sameAs Q1392902.
• Hawikuh_Ruins sameAs Q1392902.
• Hawikuh_Ruins sameAs Hawikuh_Ruins.
• Hawikuh_Ruins lat "34.93222222222222".
• Hawikuh_Ruins long "-108.98455555555556".
• Hawikuh_Ruins wasDerivedFrom Hawikuh_Ruins?oldid=593886366.
• Hawikuh_Ruins depiction Hawikuh_church.jpg.
• Hawikuh_Ruins isPrimaryTopicOf Hawikuh_Ruins.
• Hawikuh_Ruins name "Hawikuh".