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- Hopanoids abstract "Hopanoids are natural pentacyclic compounds (containing five rings) based on the chemical structure of hopane. The first known triterpenoid of the class, hydroxyhopanone, was isolated by two chemists at The National Gallery, London working on the chemistry of dammar, a natural resin used as a varnish for paintings. The name hopane was derived from the genus Hopea (a source of the resin) itself named after John Hope, the botanist. Since this first finding, however, hopanoids have been found to be present in nature in vast amounts as components of bacteria and other primitive organisms. Their primary function is to improve plasma membrane strength and rigidity in bacteria. In eukaryotes (including humans) sterols serve a similar function. This relationship between biochemical structure and cellular function can be seen in the similarity of the basic structures of diploptene, a hopanoid compound found in some bacterial cell membranes, and cholesterol, a sterol compound found in eukaryotic membranes (I, II, and III in images at right). Hopanoids are not detected in archaea.In many bacteria hopanoids may play important roles in the adjustment of cell membrane permeability and adaptation to extreme environmental conditions. They are formed in the aerial hyphae—spore bearing structures—of the prokaryotic soil bacteria Streptomyces, where they are thought to minimise water loss across the membrane to the air. This is a physiological adaptation not faced by most bacteria which mainly live in water, but similar adaptations are needed by eukaryotic fungi that produce aerial spore bearing hyphae.In the ethanol fermenting bacterium Zymomonas mobilis hopanoids may have a role in adaptation of cell membranes to ethanol accumulation and to temperature changes which influence membrane functions. In the actinomycete Frankia, the hopanoids in diazovesicle membranes likely restrict the entry of oxygen by making the lipid bilayer more tight and compact.A range of hopanoids are found in petroleum reservoirs, where they are used as biological markers.".
- Hopanoids thumbnail Hopanoid_01.png?width=300.
- Hopanoids wikiPageID "2313403".
- Hopanoids wikiPageRevisionID "592698782".
- Hopanoids hasPhotoCollection Hopanoids.
- Hopanoids subject Category:Bacteria.
- Hopanoids subject Category:Membrane_biology.
- Hopanoids subject Category:Microbiology.
- Hopanoids subject Category:Triterpenes.
- Hopanoids type LivingThing100004258.
- Hopanoids type Object100002684.
- Hopanoids type Organism100004475.
- Hopanoids type PhysicalEntity100001930.
- Hopanoids type Prokaryote101415920.
- Hopanoids type Prokaryotes.
- Hopanoids type Whole100003553.
- Hopanoids comment "Hopanoids are natural pentacyclic compounds (containing five rings) based on the chemical structure of hopane. The first known triterpenoid of the class, hydroxyhopanone, was isolated by two chemists at The National Gallery, London working on the chemistry of dammar, a natural resin used as a varnish for paintings. The name hopane was derived from the genus Hopea (a source of the resin) itself named after John Hope, the botanist.".
- Hopanoids label "Hapanoidy".
- Hopanoids label "Hopanoide".
- Hopanoids label "Hopanoide".
- Hopanoids label "Hopanoids".
- Hopanoids label "Hopanoïde".
- Hopanoids label "Opanoide".
- Hopanoids label "هوبانويدات".
- Hopanoids sameAs Hopanoide.
- Hopanoids sameAs Hopanoide.
- Hopanoids sameAs Hopanoïde.
- Hopanoids sameAs Opanoide.
- Hopanoids sameAs Hapanoidy.
- Hopanoids sameAs m.0732c7.
- Hopanoids sameAs Q424647.
- Hopanoids sameAs Q424647.
- Hopanoids sameAs Hopanoids.
- Hopanoids wasDerivedFrom Hopanoids?oldid=592698782.
- Hopanoids depiction Hopanoid_01.png.
- Hopanoids isPrimaryTopicOf Hopanoids.