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- Housing_in_Scotland abstract "Housing in Scotland includes all forms of built habitation in what is now Scotland, from the earliest period of human habitation to the present day. The oldest house in Scotland dates from the Mesolithic era. In the Neolithic era settled farming led to the construction of the first stone houses. There is also evidence from this period of large timber halls. In the Bronze Age there were cellular round houses, crannogs (built on artificial islands) and hillforts that enclosed large settlements. In the Iron Age cellular houses begin to be replaced on the northern isles by simple Atlantic roundhouses, substantial circular buildings with a drystone construction. The largest constructions that date from this era are the circular brochs and duns and wheelhouses.In the Middle Ages cruck construction was used in cottages, employing pairs of curved timbers to support the roof and infilling with turf, but the most common building material was stone. From the twelfth century, burghs, there were the houses of nobles, burgesses and other significant inhabitants. Little has survived of the urban housing of the poor, which were away from the main street frontages planks or wattles. In the early modern era most of the population was housed in small hamlets and isolated dwellings. Most farming was based on the lowland fermtoun or highland baile. As the population expanded, some of these settlements were sub-divided to create new hamlets and more marginal land was settled, with temporary sheilings becoming permanent settlements. The standard layout of a house was a byre-dwelling or long house, with humans and livestock sharing a common roof. Cottages in the Highlands and Islands tended to be cruder while those from the Lowland had distinct rooms and were clad with plaster or paint and even had glazed windows. In towns, traditional thatched half-timbered houses occurred beside the larger, stone and slate-roofed town houses of merchants and the urban gentry. In the eighteenth century new farm buildings replaced the fermtoun and regional diversity was replaced with a standardisation of building forms. The Industrial Revolution transformed the scale of Scottish towns. Gridiron plans were used to lay out new towns in Edinburgh, Glasgow and smaller burghs. In Glasgow the growing workforce was lived in squalid sub-urban tenements like those of the Gorbals. New towns aimed at improving society through the foundation of architecturally designed communities, were an important part of Scottish thinking from the mid-eighteenth century.After World War One the government responded to urban deprivation with a massive programme of council house building. Many were on greenfield sites of semi-detached homes or terraced cottages. In the 1930s schemes tended to be more cheaply built, but a survey of 1936 found that almost half of Scotland's houses were still inadequate. There was also extensive private building of sub-urban "bungalow belts", particularly around Edinburgh. From the mid-twentieth century, public architecture became more utilitarian, as part of the impulse to produce a comprehensive welfare state and the influence of modernism. As the post-war desire for urban regeneration gained momentum it would focus on the tower block. Another solution adopted in Scotland was the building of new towns like Glenrothes and Cumbernauld. Initially praised they were receiving heavy criticism by the twenty-first century. The creation of Scottish Homes in 1989 increased the stock of private housing and reducing the role of the state sector and the direction of planning by local authorities. The 1980s saw the growth of speculative house building by developers, many introducing English brick and half-timbered vernacular styles to Scotland. Sales of council houses were also popular in Scotland. There have been increasing attempts to preserve much of what survives from Scotland's architectural heritage and programmes of urban regeneration resulting in a return of resident populations to major urban centres. By 2011 there were 2.37 million households of which over sixty per cent were owner occupied. The number of single occupied household increased since 2001 largely accounting for an increase in the number of households. The devolved Scottish government took a different perspective on homelessness, making accommodation a right for the voluntarily homeless.".
- Housing_in_Scotland thumbnail Tenement_back,_St_Ninian's_Row,_Edinburgh.jpg?width=300.
- Housing_in_Scotland wikiPageID "39406531".
- Housing_in_Scotland wikiPageRevisionID "606807057".
- Housing_in_Scotland subject Category:Scottish_architecture.
- Housing_in_Scotland comment "Housing in Scotland includes all forms of built habitation in what is now Scotland, from the earliest period of human habitation to the present day. The oldest house in Scotland dates from the Mesolithic era. In the Neolithic era settled farming led to the construction of the first stone houses. There is also evidence from this period of large timber halls. In the Bronze Age there were cellular round houses, crannogs (built on artificial islands) and hillforts that enclosed large settlements.".
- Housing_in_Scotland label "Housing in Scotland".
- Housing_in_Scotland sameAs m.0vpy2cq.
- Housing_in_Scotland sameAs Q16845811.
- Housing_in_Scotland sameAs Q16845811.
- Housing_in_Scotland wasDerivedFrom Housing_in_Scotland?oldid=606807057.
- Housing_in_Scotland depiction Tenement_back,_St_Ninian's_Row,_Edinburgh.jpg.
- Housing_in_Scotland isPrimaryTopicOf Housing_in_Scotland.