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- Houyhnhnm abstract "Houyhnhnms are a race of intelligent horses described in the last part of Jonathan Swift's satirical Gulliver's Travels. The name is pronounced either /ˈhuːɪnəm/ or /ˈhwɪnəm/. (Swift apparently intended all words of the Houyhnhnm language to echo the neighing of horses.)Houyhnhnms contrast strongly with the Yahoos, savage humanoid creatures: whereas the Yahoos represent all that is bad about humans, Houyhnhnms have a settled, calm, reliable and rational society. Gulliver much prefers the Houyhnhnms' company to the Yahoos', even though the latter are biologically closer to him.Interpretation of the Houyhnhnms has been vexatious. One might possibly, for example, regard them as a veiled criticism by Swift of the British Empire's treatment of non-whites as lesser humans, or one could regard Gulliver's preference (and his immediate division of Houyhnhnms into color-based hierarchies) as absurd and the sign of his self-deception. In a modern context the story might be seen as presenting an early example of animal rights concerns, especially in Gulliver's account of how horses are cruelly treated in his society and the reversal of roles. The story is a possible inspiration for Pierre Boulle's novel Planet of the Apes.Book IV of Gulliver's Travels is the keystone, in some ways, of the entire work[citation needed], and critics have traditionally answered the question whether Gulliver is insane (and thus just another victim of Swift's satire) by questioning whether or not the Houyhnhnms are truly admirable.[citation needed] Gulliver loves the land and is obedient to a race that is not like his own. The Houyhnhnm society is based upon reason, and only upon reason, and therefore the horses practice eugenics based on their analyses of benefit and cost. They have no religion and their sole morality is the defence of reason, and so they are not particularly moved by pity or a belief in the intrinsic value of life. Gulliver himself, in their company, builds the sails of his skiff from "Yahoo skins". The Houyhnhnms' lack of passion surfaces mainly during their annual meeting. A visitor apologises for being late for the meeting as her husband had just died and she had to make the proper arrangements for the funeral, which consists in burial at sea. She eats her lunch like all the other Houyhnhnms and is not affected at all by her loss, rationalising that gone is gone. A further example of the lack of humanity and emotion in the Houyhnhnms is that their laws demand that each couple produce two children, one male and one female. In the event that a marriage produced two offspring of the same sex, the parents would take their children to the annual meeting and trade one with a couple who produced two children of the opposite sex. This latter part was viewed by some Swift scholars as his spoofing and or criticising the notion that the "ideal" family produces children of both sexes.On one hand, the Houyhnhnms have an orderly and peaceful society. They have philosophy and a language that is entirely free of political and ethical nonsense. They have no word for a lie (and must substitute a circumlocution: "to say a thing which is not"). They also have a form of art that is derived from nature. Outside Gulliver's Travels, Swift had expressed longstanding concern over the corruption of the English language, and he had proposed language reform. He had also, in Battle of the Books and in general in A Tale of a Tub, expressed a preference for the Ancients (Classical authors) because their art was based directly upon nature, and not upon other art.On the other hand, Swift was profoundly mistrustful of attempts at reason that resulted in either hubris (for example, the Projectors satirised in A Tale of a Tub or in Book III of Gulliver's Travels) or immorality (such as the speaker of A Modest Proposal, who offers an entirely logical and wholly immoral proposal for cannibalism). The Houyhnhnms embody both the good and the bad side of reason, for they have the pure language Swift wished for and the amorally rational approach to solving the problems of humanity (Yahoos); the extirpation of the Yahoo population by the horses is very like the speaker of A Modest Proposal.In the shipping lanes he is rescued by a Portuguese sea captain, a level-headed individual albeit full of concern for others, whose temperament at one level appears intermediate between the calm, rational Houyhnhnms of Houyhnhnmland and the norm of corrupt, European humanity, which Gulliver no longer distinguishes from Houyhnhnmland's wild Yahoos. Gulliver can speak with him, and though now disaffected from all humanity, has a residual sense he would have esteemed him. Gulliver is returned to his English home and family, finds their smell and look intolerable and all his countrymen no better than "Yahoos", purchases and converses with two stabled horses, tolerating the stable boy, and assures the reader of his account's utter veracity.".
- Houyhnhnm thumbnail Map_of_Houyhnhnms_land.jpg?width=300.
- Houyhnhnm wikiPageID "49325".
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- Houyhnhnm hasPhotoCollection Houyhnhnm.
- Houyhnhnm subject Category:Fictional_horses.
- Houyhnhnm subject Category:Gulliver's_Travels.
- Houyhnhnm type Abstraction100002137.
- Houyhnhnm type Act100030358.
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- Houyhnhnm type Change100191142.
- Houyhnhnm type Event100029378.
- Houyhnhnm type Gulliver'sTravels.
- Houyhnhnm type Motion100279835.
- Houyhnhnm type PsychologicalFeature100023100.
- Houyhnhnm type Travel100295701.
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- Houyhnhnm comment "Houyhnhnms are a race of intelligent horses described in the last part of Jonathan Swift's satirical Gulliver's Travels. The name is pronounced either /ˈhuːɪnəm/ or /ˈhwɪnəm/. (Swift apparently intended all words of the Houyhnhnm language to echo the neighing of horses.)Houyhnhnms contrast strongly with the Yahoos, savage humanoid creatures: whereas the Yahoos represent all that is bad about humans, Houyhnhnms have a settled, calm, reliable and rational society.".
- Houyhnhnm label "Houyhnhnm".
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- Houyhnhnm label "Houyhnhnm".
- Houyhnhnm label "Houyhnhnm".
- Houyhnhnm label "Гуигнгнм".
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- Houyhnhnm sameAs 휴이넘.
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- Houyhnhnm depiction Map_of_Houyhnhnms_land.jpg.
- Houyhnhnm isPrimaryTopicOf Houyhnhnm.