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- Hydraulic_fracturing abstract "Induced hydraulic fracturing (hydrofracturing; also commonly known as fracking or fraccing) is a mining technique in which a liquid, typically water, is mixed with sand and chemicals, and the mixture is injected at high pressure into a wellbore to create small fractures (typically less than 1mm), along which fluids such as gas, petroleum, and brine water may migrate to the well. Hydraulic pressure is removed from the well, then small grains of proppant (sand or aluminium oxide) hold these fractures open once the rock achieves equilibrium.The technique is very common in wells for shale gas, tight gas, tight oil, and coal seam gas and hard rock wells. This well stimulation is usually conducted once in the life of the well and greatly enhances fluid removal and well productivity, but there has been an increasing trend towards multiple hydraulic fracturing as production declines.The first experimental use of hydraulic fracturing was in 1947, and the first commercially successful applications were in 1949. As of 2012, 2.5 million hydraulic fracturing jobs have been performed on oil and gas wells worldwide, more than one million of them in the United States.Proponents of hydraulic fracturing point to the economic benefits from the vast amounts of formerly inaccessible hydrocarbons the process can extract. Opponents of hydraulic fracturing point to environmental risks, including contamination of ground water, depletion of fresh water, contamination of the air, noise pollution, the migration of gases and hydraulic fracturing chemicals to the surface, surface contamination from spills and flow-back, and the possible health effects of these. There are increases in seismic activity, mostly associated with deep injection disposal of flowback and produced brine from hydraulically fractured wells. For these reasons hydraulic fracturing has come under international scrutiny, with some countries protecting it, and others suspending or banning it. Some of those countries, including most notably the United Kingdom, have recently lifted their bans, choosing to focus on regulation instead of outright prohibition. The European Union is in the process of applying regulation to permit this to take place.".
- Hydraulic_fracturing thumbnail HydroFrac2.svg?width=300.
- Hydraulic_fracturing wikiPageExternalLink fracfocus.ca.
- Hydraulic_fracturing wikiPageExternalLink fracfocus.org.
- Hydraulic_fracturing wikiPageExternalLink ?id=7054210n.
- Hydraulic_fracturing wikiPageExternalLink hydraulic_fracturing_101.
- Hydraulic_fracturing wikiPageExternalLink hfstudy.
- Hydraulic_fracturing wikiPageExternalLink hydraulicfracturing.
- Hydraulic_fracturing wikiPageExternalLink R43152.pdf.
- Hydraulic_fracturing wikiPageExternalLink www.fractracker.org.
- Hydraulic_fracturing wikiPageExternalLink fracking.
- Hydraulic_fracturing wikiPageID "32544339".
- Hydraulic_fracturing wikiPageRevisionID "606693658".
- Hydraulic_fracturing caption "Schematic depiction of hydraulic fracturing for shale gas.".
- Hydraulic_fracturing hasPhotoCollection Hydraulic_fracturing.
- Hydraulic_fracturing inventor "Floyd Farris; J.B. Clark".
- Hydraulic_fracturing name "Induced hydraulic fracturing".
- Hydraulic_fracturing product Natural_gas.
- Hydraulic_fracturing product Petroleum.
- Hydraulic_fracturing sector Mining.
- Hydraulic_fracturing technologies "Fluid pressure".
- Hydraulic_fracturing type "Mechanical".
- Hydraulic_fracturing year "1947".
- Hydraulic_fracturing subject Category:Hydraulic_fracturing.
- Hydraulic_fracturing type IndustrialProcess113497928.
- Hydraulic_fracturing type PhysicalEntity100001930.
- Hydraulic_fracturing type Process100029677.
- Hydraulic_fracturing comment "Induced hydraulic fracturing (hydrofracturing; also commonly known as fracking or fraccing) is a mining technique in which a liquid, typically water, is mixed with sand and chemicals, and the mixture is injected at high pressure into a wellbore to create small fractures (typically less than 1mm), along which fluids such as gas, petroleum, and brine water may migrate to the well.".
- Hydraulic_fracturing label "Fraccen".
- Hydraulic_fracturing label "Fracturación hidráulica".
- Hydraulic_fracturing label "Fracturation hydraulique".
- Hydraulic_fracturing label "Fratturazione idraulica".
- Hydraulic_fracturing label "Hydraulic Fracturing".
- Hydraulic_fracturing label "Hydraulic fracturing".
- Hydraulic_fracturing label "Szczelinowanie hydrauliczne".
- Hydraulic_fracturing label "Гидравлический разрыв пласта".
- Hydraulic_fracturing label "تصديع هيدرولي".
- Hydraulic_fracturing label "水力压裂".
- Hydraulic_fracturing label "水圧破砕法".
- Hydraulic_fracturing sameAs Hydraulické_štěpení.
- Hydraulic_fracturing sameAs Hydraulic_Fracturing.
- Hydraulic_fracturing sameAs Fracturación_hidráulica.
- Hydraulic_fracturing sameAs Haustura_hidrauliko.
- Hydraulic_fracturing sameAs Fracturation_hydraulique.
- Hydraulic_fracturing sameAs Fratturazione_idraulica.
- Hydraulic_fracturing sameAs 水圧破砕法.
- Hydraulic_fracturing sameAs Fraccen.
- Hydraulic_fracturing sameAs Szczelinowanie_hydrauliczne.
- Hydraulic_fracturing sameAs m.027k40k.
- Hydraulic_fracturing sameAs Q890794.
- Hydraulic_fracturing sameAs Q890794.
- Hydraulic_fracturing sameAs Hydraulic_fracturing.
- Hydraulic_fracturing wasDerivedFrom Hydraulic_fracturing?oldid=606693658.
- Hydraulic_fracturing depiction HydroFrac2.svg.
- Hydraulic_fracturing isPrimaryTopicOf Hydraulic_fracturing.