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• Kemna_concentration_camp abstract "Kemna concentration camp (German: Konzentrationslager Kemna, KZ Kemna) was one of the early Nazi concentration camps, created by the Third Reich to incarcerate their political opponents (ostensibly in protective custody) after the Nazi Party first seized power in 1933. The camp was established in a former factory on the Wupper river in the Kemna neighborhood of the Barmen quarter of Wuppertal. It was run by the SA group in Düsseldorf.The purpose of the early concentration camps was to repress and terrorize opponents of the new regime, primarily communists, but also socialists, dissenting Christians, and trade unionists. Unlike later concentration camps, the prisoners and the guards at Kemna were from the same cities and in many cases, knew each other and were already enemies from the German Revolution of 1918–1919 and subsequent political battles of the 1920s. Enhanced interrogation and torture were practiced and the screams of the men were audible to people living and working nearby, and severely injured men were taken to nearby hospitals, all causing word of the camp's misdeeds to spread quickly. There was a major release of prisoners in October 1933; those released were forced to sign a document promising to keep secret all they had seen and experienced at the camp, and were threatened with re-arrest if they disobeyed. The Nazis wanted the public to become familiar with the term "concentration camp" and regard it with dread, but worried that the excesses at Kemna and the other early concentration camps would turn public opinion against them and thwart their plans. As a result, the camp was closed in January 1934, just six months after it opened. After the SA lost political influence, reports of torture led to an investigation and eventually to hearings and the perpetrators given a warning. No crimes were prosecuted.After the war, the Kemna Trial became the first major German trial regarding a concentration camp. Nonetheless, the camp was afterward largely forgotten, with no research into its past and for decades, only two sources supplying most of the information known about the camp. In 1983, a monument honoring the prisoners who suffered there was installed across the street from the former concentration camp; the builders of the monument were forbidden by the owner of the property from erecting any memorial on the site itself.".
• Kemna_concentration_camp wikiPageExternalLink alt_Dissertation%20Mintert%20-%20Kemna.pdf.
• Kemna_concentration_camp wikiPageExternalLink index.php?area=2&sub=59.
• Kemna_concentration_camp wikiPageExternalLink www.kz-kemna.de.
• Kemna_concentration_camp wikiPageExternalLink www.kz-kemna.de.
• Kemna_concentration_camp wikiPageExternalLink pubmagnus.html.
• Kemna_concentration_camp wikiPageID "34150801".
• Kemna_concentration_camp wikiPageRevisionID "592426875".
• Kemna_concentration_camp alt "Old factory building, circa 1934, used as concentration camp".
• Kemna_concentration_camp author "Bruno Wolff to the state's attorney, 1934".
• Kemna_concentration_camp caption "Main building, ca. 1934".
• Kemna_concentration_camp coordinatesDisplay "inline,title".
• Kemna_concentration_camp coordinatesType "type:landmark".
• Kemna_concentration_camp gasChambers "none".
• Kemna_concentration_camp hasPhotoCollection Kemna_concentration_camp.
• Kemna_concentration_camp imageSize "200".
• Kemna_concentration_camp inOperation "--07-05".
• Kemna_concentration_camp inmates "1100".
• Kemna_concentration_camp killed "unknown".
• Kemna_concentration_camp knownFor "enhanced interrogation, torture".
• Kemna_concentration_camp latd "51".
• Kemna_concentration_camp latm "15".
• Kemna_concentration_camp lats "18.5".
• Kemna_concentration_camp location "Wuppertal, Germany".
• Kemna_concentration_camp locationMap "Germany".
• Kemna_concentration_camp longd "7".
• Kemna_concentration_camp longm "15".
• Kemna_concentration_camp longs "19.6".
• Kemna_concentration_camp mapAlt "Map of contemporary Germany".
• Kemna_concentration_camp mapCaption "Location of camp in contemporary Germany".
• Kemna_concentration_camp name "Kemna concentration camp".
• Kemna_concentration_camp notableInmates "Karl IbachOskar HoffmannHeinz KiwitzFriedrich SengerGünther Strupp".
• Kemna_concentration_camp operatedBy Sturmabteilung.
• Kemna_concentration_camp originalUse "textile factory".
• Kemna_concentration_camp otherNames "Wuppertal-Barmen concentration camp".
• Kemna_concentration_camp prisonerType "political, religious, unionist".
• Kemna_concentration_camp text "It is correct, that many prisoners in protective custody were beaten. The beatings take place mostly during interrogations ... Now, if the prisoners didn't want to say anything, then they were beaten, namely with fists and truncheons, sometimes also with a whip ... As far as the normal scope of beating prisoners is concerned, we have deemed it justified, since the official authorities, who at times viewed the beatings and at times took part in them, in part knew of the beatings and condoned and tolerated our approach. If in one or another case the mistreatment exceeded the normal scope, this was entirely the result of the behavior of the prisoner himself.".
• Kemna_concentration_camp type "Early concentration camp".
• Kemna_concentration_camp subject Category:Nazi_concentration_camps.
• Kemna_concentration_camp subject Category:Nazi_concentration_camps_in_Germany.
• Kemna_concentration_camp type Artifact100021939.
• Kemna_concentration_camp type Camp102945379.
• Kemna_concentration_camp type ConcentrationCamp103086183.
• Kemna_concentration_camp type Establishment103297735.
• Kemna_concentration_camp type Institution103574555.
• Kemna_concentration_camp type NaziConcentrationCamps.
• Kemna_concentration_camp type NaziConcentrationCampsInGermany.
• Kemna_concentration_camp type Object100002684.
• Kemna_concentration_camp type PenalInstitution103907654.
• Kemna_concentration_camp type PhysicalEntity100001930.
• Kemna_concentration_camp type Structure104341686.
• Kemna_concentration_camp type Whole100003553.
• Kemna_concentration_camp type YagoGeoEntity.
• Kemna_concentration_camp type YagoPermanentlyLocatedEntity.
• Kemna_concentration_camp comment "Kemna concentration camp (German: Konzentrationslager Kemna, KZ Kemna) was one of the early Nazi concentration camps, created by the Third Reich to incarcerate their political opponents (ostensibly in protective custody) after the Nazi Party first seized power in 1933. The camp was established in a former factory on the Wupper river in the Kemna neighborhood of the Barmen quarter of Wuppertal.".
• Kemna_concentration_camp label "KZ Kemna".
• Kemna_concentration_camp label "Kemna (camp de concentration)".
• Kemna_concentration_camp label "Kemna concentration camp".
• Kemna_concentration_camp sameAs KZ_Kemna.
• Kemna_concentration_camp sameAs Kemna_(camp_de_concentration).
• Kemna_concentration_camp sameAs m.0hr487d.
• Kemna_concentration_camp sameAs 2891677.
• Kemna_concentration_camp sameAs Q878183.
• Kemna_concentration_camp sameAs Q878183.
• Kemna_concentration_camp sameAs Kemna_concentration_camp.
• Kemna_concentration_camp wasDerivedFrom Kemna_concentration_camp?oldid=592426875.
• Kemna_concentration_camp homepage www.kz-kemna.de.
• Kemna_concentration_camp isPrimaryTopicOf Kemna_concentration_camp.