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- List_of_alchemical_substances abstract "Alchemical studies produced a number of substances, which were later classified as particular chemical compounds or mixtures of compounds.Many of these terms were in common use into the 20th century. Aqua Ardens - Methanol sometimes confused with Aqua vitae by initiates. Distill good wine five times. Place the ascentate in a pelican. Put the pelican in a fermenting bed of fimus equinis. Allow to circu-late. The liquid will separate into a lower turbid layer and a sky blue liquid. Aqua Fortis - nitric acid, can be formed by 2 parts saltpetre in 1 part (pure) oil of vitriol (sulfuric acid). (Historically, this process could not have been used, as 98% oil of vitriol was not available) Aqua Ragia/Spirit of turpentine/Oil of turpentine/Gum turpentine - turpentine, formed by the distillation of pine tree resin. Aqua Regia (Latin: "royal water") - a mixture of aqua fortis and spirit of salt. Aqua Tofani - arsenic trioxide. Extremely poisonous. AsO3 Aqua vitae/Spirit of Wine - ethanol, formed by distilling wine Auric Hydroxide - formed by precipitation by potash from gold dissolved in aqua regia. Bismuth (German: Wismuth) Blende Blue Vitriol/Bluestone - A mineral; copper(II) sulfate pentahydrate. Brimstone - sulfur. Flowers of sulfur - formed by distilling sulfur. Butter (or oil) of antimony - antimony trichloride. Formed by distilling roasted stibnite with corrosive sublimate, or dissolving stibnite in hot concentrated hydrochloric acid and distilling. SbCl3 Cadmia/Tuttia/Tutty - probably zinc carbonate. Calamine - zinc carbonate. Calomel/Horn Quicksilver/horn mercury - mercury(I) chloride, a very poisonous purgative formed by subliming a mixture of mercuric chloride and metallic mercury, triturated in a mortar and heated in an iron pot. The crust formed on the lid was ground to powder and boiled with water to remove the calomel. Caustic potash/Caustic Wood Alkali - potassium hydroxide, formed by adding lime to potash. Caustic Soda/Caustic Marine Alkali - sodium hydroxide, formed by adding lime to natron. NaHCO3 Caustic Volatile Alkali - ammonium hydroxide. Chalk - a rock composed of porous biogenic calcium carbonate. CaCo3 Chrome green - chromic oxide and cobalt oxide. Chrome orange - chrome yellow and chrome red. Chrome red - basic lead chromate - PbCrO4+PbO. Chrome yellow/Paris Yellow/Leipzig Yellow - lead chromate - PbCrO4. Cinnabar/Vermilion - refers to several substances, among them: mercury(II) sulfide (HgS), or native vermilion (the common ore of mercury). Copper Glance - copper(I) sulfide ore. Corrosive sublimate - mercuric chloride, formed by subliming mercury, calcined green vitriol, common salt and nitre. Cuprite - copper(I) oxide ore. Dutch White - a pigment, formed from one part of white lead to three of barium sulfate. BaSO4 Flowers of antimony - antimony trioxide, formed by roasting stibnite at high temperature and condensing the white fumes that form. SbO3 Fool's gold - a mineral; iron disulfide or pyrite, can form oil of vitriol on contact with water and air. Fulminating silver - silver nitride, formed by dissolving silver(I) oxide in ammonia. Very explosive when dry. Fulminating gold - gold hydrazide, formed by adding ammonia to the auric hydroxide. When dry, can explode on concussion. Galena - lead(II) sulfide. Lead ore. Glass of antimony - impure antimony tetroxide, formed by roasting stibnite. A yellow pigment for glass and porcelain. SbO4 Glauber's Salt - sodium sulfate. NaSO4 Green Vitriol - a mineral; iron(II) sulfate heptahydrate. (or ferrous sulfate) Marcasite - a mineral; iron disulfide. In moist air it turns into green vitriol. Fe(SO4)2 Rouge/Crocus/Colcothar - ferric oxide, formed by burning green vitriol in air. Gum Arabic - gum from the Acacia tree. Gypsum - a mineral; calcium sulfate. CaSO4 Horn Silver/Argentum Cornu - a weathered form of chlorargyrite, an ore of silver chloride. Luna cornea - silver chloride, formed by heating horn silver till it liquifies and then cooling. King's yellow - formed by mixing orpiment with white arsenic. Lapis solaris (Bologna stone) - barium sulfide - 1603, Vincenzo Cascariolo Lead fume - lead oxide, found in flues at lead smelters. Lime/Quicklime (Burnt Lime)/Calx Viva/Unslaked Lime - calcium oxide, formed by calcining limestone. Slaked Lime - calcium hydroxide. CaOH Liver of sulfur - formed by fusing potash and sulfur. Lunar caustic/lapis infernalis - silver nitrate, formed by dissolving silver in aqua fortis and evaporating. Lye - potash in a water solution, formed by leaching wood ashes. Potash/Salt of tartar - potassium carbonate, formed by evaporating lye. KCO3 Pearlash - formed by baking potash in a kiln. Massicot - lead monoxide. PbO Litharge - lead monoxide, formed by fusing and powdering massicot. Minium/Red Lead - trilead tetroxide, formed by roasting litharge in air. Pb3O4 Naples yellow/Cassel yellow - oxychloride of lead, formed by heating litharge with sal ammoniac. Mercurius praecipitatus - red mercuric oxide. Milk of Sulfur (lac sulphuris) - formed by adding an acid to thion hudor (lime sulfur). Mosaic Gold - stannic sulfide, formed by heating a mixture of tin filings, sulfur and sal-ammoniac. Natron - sodium carbonate. NaCO3 Nitrum Flammans - ammonium nitrate. Oil of Vitriol/Spirit of Vitriol - sulfuric acid, a weak version can be formed by heating green vitriol and blue vitriol. H2SO4 Orpiment - arsenic trisulfide, an ore of arsenic. Pearl white - bismuth nitrate. BiNO3 Philosophers' Wool/nix alba (white snow)/Zinc White - zinc oxide, formed by burning zinc in air, used as a pigment. Plumbago - a mineral; graphite, not discovered in pure form until 1564. Powder of Algaroth - antimonious oxychloride, formed by precipitation when a solution of butter of antimony and spirit of salt is poured into water. Purple of Cassius - formed by precipitating a mixture of gold, stannous and stannic chlorides, with alkali. Used for glass coloring. Realgar - arsenic disulfide, an ore of arsenic. Regulus of antimony Resin of copper - copper(I) chloride (cuprous chloride), formed by heating copper with corrosive sublimate. Sal Ammoniac - ammonium chloride. Sal Petrae (Med. Latin: "stone salt")/Salt of Petra/Saltpetre/Nitrate of potash - potassium nitrate, typically mined from covered dungheaps. KNO3 Salt/Common salt - A mineral; sodium chloride, formed by evaporating seawater (impure form). NaCl Soda/Soda Ash - sodium carbonate. Spirit of box/Pyroxylic spirit - methanol, distillation of wood alcohol. CH3OH Spirit of Hartshorn - ammonia, formed by the decomposition of sal-ammoniac by unslaked lime. Salt of Hartshorn/Sal Volatile - ammonium carbonate formed by distilling bones and horns. Spirit of Salt/Acidum Salis - the liquid form of hydrochloric acid (also called muriatic acid), formed by mixing common salt with oil of vitriol. Marine Acid Air - gaseous form of hydrochloric acid. Spiritus fumans - stannic chloride, formed by distilling tin with corrosive sublimate. Tin salt - hydrated stannous chloride. Butter of tin - hydrated tin(IV) chloride. Stibnite - antimony or antimony trisulfide, ore of antimony. Sugar of Lead - lead acetate, formed by dissolving lead oxide in vinegar. Sweet Vitriol - diethyl ether. Thion Hudor - lime sulfur, formed by boiling flowers of sulfur with slaked lime. Turpeth mineral - hydrolysed form of mercury(II) sulfate. Verdigris - Carbonate of Copper or (more recently) copper(II) acetate. The carbonate is formed by weathering copper. The acetate is formed by vinegar acting on copper. One version was used as a green pigment. White arsenic - arsenious oxide, formed by subliminating arsenical soot from the roasting ovens. White lead - carbonate of lead, a toxic pigment, produced by corroding stacks of lead plates with dilute vinegar beneath a heap of moistened wood shavings. (replaced by blanc fixe & lithopone) White vitriol - zinc sulfate, formed by lixiviating roasted zinc blende. Venetian White - formed from equal parts of white lead and barium sulfate. Zaffre - impure cobalt arsenate, formed after roasting cobalt ore. Zinc Blende - zinc sulfide.".
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- List_of_alchemical_substances wikiPageRevisionID "554341071".
- List_of_alchemical_substances hasPhotoCollection List_of_alchemical_substances.
- List_of_alchemical_substances subject Category:Alchemical_processes.
- List_of_alchemical_substances subject Category:Alchemical_substances.
- List_of_alchemical_substances subject Category:Chemistry-related_lists.
- List_of_alchemical_substances comment "Alchemical studies produced a number of substances, which were later classified as particular chemical compounds or mixtures of compounds.Many of these terms were in common use into the 20th century. Aqua Ardens - Methanol sometimes confused with Aqua vitae by initiates. Distill good wine five times. Place the ascentate in a pelican. Put the pelican in a fermenting bed of fimus equinis. Allow to circu-late. The liquid will separate into a lower turbid layer and a sky blue liquid.".
- List_of_alchemical_substances label "List of alchemical substances".
- List_of_alchemical_substances label "炼金术物质列表".
- List_of_alchemical_substances sameAs Q6605546.
- List_of_alchemical_substances sameAs Q6605546.
- List_of_alchemical_substances wasDerivedFrom List_of_alchemical_substances?oldid=554341071.
- List_of_alchemical_substances isPrimaryTopicOf List_of_alchemical_substances.