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• Manuel_Belgrano abstract "Manuel José Joaquín del Corazón de Jesús Belgrano (3 June 1770 – 20 June 1820), usually referred to as Manuel Belgrano, was an Argentine economist, lawyer, politician, and military leader. He took part in the Argentine Wars of Independence and created the Flag of Argentina. He is regarded as one of the main Libertadores of the country.Belgrano was born in Buenos Aires, the fourth child of Italian businessman Domingo Belgrano y Peri and Josefa Casero. He came into contact with the ideas of the Age of Enlightenment while at university in Spain around the time of the French Revolution. Upon his return to the Viceroyalty of the Río de la Plata, where he became a notable member of the criollo population of Buenos Aires, he tried to promote some of the new political and economic ideals, but found severe resistance from local peninsulars. This rejection led him to work towards a greater autonomy for his country from the Spanish colonial regime. At first, he unsuccessfully promoted the aspirations of Carlota Joaquina to become a regent ruler for the Viceroyalty during the period the Spanish King Ferdinand VII was imprisoned during the Peninsular War (1807–1814). He favoured the May Revolution, which removed the viceroy Baltasar Hidalgo de Cisneros from power on 25 May 1810. He was elected as a voting member of the Primera Junta that took power after the ouster.As a delegate for the Junta, he led the ill-fated Paraguay campaign. His troops were defeated by Bernardo de Velasco at the battles of Campichuelo and Paraguarí. Though he was defeated, the campaign initiated the chain of events that led to the Independence of Paraguay in May 1811. He retreated to the vicinity of Rosario, to fortify it against a possible royalist attack from the Eastern Band of the Uruguay River. While there, he created the flag of Argentina. The First Triumvirate did not approve the flag, but because of slow communications, Belgrano would only learn of that many weeks later, while reinforcing the Army of the North at Jujuy. There, knowing he was at a strategic disadvantage against the royalist armies coming from Upper Peru, Belgrano ordered the Jujuy Exodus, which evacuated the entire population of Jujuy Province to San Miguel de Tucumán. His counter-offensive at the Battle of Tucumán resulted in a key strategic victory, and it was soon followed by a complete victory over the royalist army of Pío Tristán at the Battle of Salta. However, his deeper incursions into Upper Perú led to defeats at Vilcapugio and Ayohuma, leading the Second Triumvirate to order his replacement as Commander of the Army of the North by the newly arrived José de San Martín. By then, the Asamblea del Año XIII had approved the use of Belgrano's flag as the national war flag.Belgrano then went on a diplomatic mission to Europe along with Bernardino Rivadavia to seek support for the revolutionary government. He returned in time to take part in the Congress of Tucumán, which declared Argentine Independence (1816). He promoted the Inca plan to create a constitutional monarchy with an Inca descendant as Head of State. This proposal had the support of San Martín, Martín Miguel de Güemes, and many provincial delegates, but was strongly rejected by the delegates from Buenos Aires. The Congress of Tucumán approved the use of his flag as the national flag. After this, Belgrano again took command of the Army of the North, but his mission was limited to protecting San Miguel de Tucumán from royalist advances while San Martín prepared the Army of the Andes for an alternate offensive across the Andes. When Buenos Aires was about to be invaded by José Gervasio Artigas and Estanislao López, he moved the Army southwards, but his troops mutinied in January 1820. Belgrano died of dropsy on 20 June 1820. His last words reportedly were: "¡Ay, Patria mía!" ("Oh, my country!).".
• Manuel_Belgrano activeYearsEndDate "1810-09-26".
• Manuel_Belgrano activeYearsStartDate "1794-06-02".
• Manuel_Belgrano activeYearsStartDate "1810-05-25".
• Manuel_Belgrano almaMater University_of_Valladolid.
• Manuel_Belgrano associate Domingo_Matheu.
• Manuel_Belgrano associate Juan_Jos%C3%A9_Castelli.
• Manuel_Belgrano associate Juan_Larrea_(politician).
• Manuel_Belgrano associate Manuel_Alberti.
• Manuel_Belgrano associate Miguel_de_Azcu%C3%A9naga.
• Manuel_Belgrano battle Battle_of_Ayohuma.
• Manuel_Belgrano battle Battle_of_Salta.
• Manuel_Belgrano battle Battle_of_Tacuar%C3%AD.
• Manuel_Belgrano battle Battle_of_Tucum%C3%A1n.
• Manuel_Belgrano battle Battle_of_Vilcapugio.
• Manuel_Belgrano birthDate "1770-06-03".
• Manuel_Belgrano birthName "Manuel José Joaquín del Corazón de Jesús Belgrano".
• Manuel_Belgrano birthPlace Buenos_Aires.
• Manuel_Belgrano birthPlace Viceroyalty_of_Peru.
• Manuel_Belgrano birthPlace Viceroyalty_of_the_R%C3%ADo_de_la_Plata.
• Manuel_Belgrano birthPlace Viceroyalty_of_the_Río_de_la_Plata.
• Manuel_Belgrano birthYear "1770".
• Manuel_Belgrano country United_Provinces_of_the_R%C3%ADo_de_la_Plata.
• Manuel_Belgrano deathDate "1820-06-20".
• Manuel_Belgrano deathPlace Buenos_Aires.
• Manuel_Belgrano deathPlace United_Provinces_of_the_R%C3%ADo_de_la_Plata.
• Manuel_Belgrano deathYear "1820".
• Manuel_Belgrano militaryCommand "* Army of the North".
• Manuel_Belgrano militaryCommand "* Paraguay campaign".
• Manuel_Belgrano militaryCommand "* Regiment of Patricios".
• Manuel_Belgrano nationality Argentina.
• Manuel_Belgrano orderInOffice "Committee member of the Primera Junta".
• Manuel_Belgrano orderInOffice "Perpetual secretary of the Commerce Consulate of Buenos Aires".
• Manuel_Belgrano party Carlotism.
• Manuel_Belgrano party Patriot_(Spanish_American_Independence).
• Manuel_Belgrano serviceEndYear "1819".
• Manuel_Belgrano serviceStartYear "1810".
• Manuel_Belgrano thumbnail Manuel_Belgrano.JPG?width=300.
• Manuel_Belgrano viafId "72194660".
• Manuel_Belgrano wikiPageExternalLink v=onepage&q&f=false.
• Manuel_Belgrano wikiPageExternalLink v=onepage&q&f=false.
• Manuel_Belgrano wikiPageExternalLink v=onepage&q&f=false.
• Manuel_Belgrano wikiPageExternalLink infografia_manuel_belgrano.html.
• Manuel_Belgrano wikiPageExternalLink www.manuelbelgrano.gov.ar.
• Manuel_Belgrano wikiPageExternalLink index.html.
• Manuel_Belgrano wikiPageID "407896".
• Manuel_Belgrano wikiPageRevisionID "600065326".
• Manuel_Belgrano allegiance "United Provinces of South America".
• Manuel_Belgrano almaMater University_of_Valladolid.
• Manuel_Belgrano alongside "Manuel Alberti, Miguel de Azcuénaga, Juan José Castelli, Domingo Matheu and Juan Larrea".
• Manuel_Belgrano battles "* Tacuarí * Tucumán * Salta * Vilcapugio * Ayohuma".
• Manuel_Belgrano birthDate "1770-06-03".
• Manuel_Belgrano birthPlace Buenos_Aires.
• Manuel_Belgrano birthPlace Viceroyalty_of_Peru.
• Manuel_Belgrano birthname "Manuel José Joaquín del Corazón de Jesús Belgrano".
• Manuel_Belgrano caption "Portrait of Manuel Belgrano by François-Casimir Carbonnier made during Belgrano's diplomatic mission to London".
• Manuel_Belgrano commands "* Paraguay campaign * Army of the North * Regiment of Patricios".
• Manuel_Belgrano dateOfBirth "1770-06-03".
• Manuel_Belgrano dateOfDeath "1820-06-20".
• Manuel_Belgrano deathDate "1820-06-20".
• Manuel_Belgrano deathPlace "Buenos Aires, United Provinces of the Río de la Plata".
• Manuel_Belgrano hasPhotoCollection Manuel_Belgrano.
• Manuel_Belgrano name "Belgrano, Manuel".
• Manuel_Belgrano name "Manuel Belgrano".
• Manuel_Belgrano nationality "Argentinan".
• Manuel_Belgrano order "Committee member of the Primera Junta".
• Manuel_Belgrano order "Perpetual secretary of the Commerce Consulate of Buenos Aires".
• Manuel_Belgrano partner "María Josefa Ezcurra, María Dolores Helguero".
• Manuel_Belgrano party Carlotism.
• Manuel_Belgrano party Patriot_(Spanish_American_Independence).
• Manuel_Belgrano placeOfBirth Buenos_Aires.
• Manuel_Belgrano placeOfBirth Viceroyalty_of_the_Río_de_la_Plata.
• Manuel_Belgrano placeOfDeath Buenos_Aires.
• Manuel_Belgrano placeOfDeath United_Provinces_of_the_R%C3%ADo_de_la_Plata.
• Manuel_Belgrano profession "Lawyer".
• Manuel_Belgrano religion "Catholicism".
• Manuel_Belgrano serviceyears "1810".
• Manuel_Belgrano shortDescription "Venezuelan politician and military leader".
• Manuel_Belgrano signature "Firma de Belgrano.jpg".
• Manuel_Belgrano termEnd "1810-09-26".
• Manuel_Belgrano termEnd "April 1810".
• Manuel_Belgrano termStart "1794-06-02".
• Manuel_Belgrano termStart "1810-05-25".
• Manuel_Belgrano description "Venezuelan politician and military leader".
• Manuel_Belgrano description "Venezuelan politician and military leader".
• Manuel_Belgrano subject Category:1770_births.
• Manuel_Belgrano subject Category:1820_deaths.
• Manuel_Belgrano subject Category:Argentine_abolitionists.
• Manuel_Belgrano subject Category:Argentine_generals.
• Manuel_Belgrano subject Category:Argentine_lawyers.
• Manuel_Belgrano subject Category:Argentine_monarchists.
• Manuel_Belgrano subject Category:Argentine_people_of_Italian_descent.
• Manuel_Belgrano subject Category:Argentine_people_of_Spanish_descent.
• Manuel_Belgrano subject Category:Deaths_from_edema.
• Manuel_Belgrano subject Category:Families_of_Genoa.
• Manuel_Belgrano subject Category:Flag_designers.
• Manuel_Belgrano subject Category:Manuel_Belgrano.
• Manuel_Belgrano subject Category:Members_of_the_Primera_Junta.
• Manuel_Belgrano subject Category:People_from_Buenos_Aires.
• Manuel_Belgrano subject Category:People_of_the_Argentine_War_of_Independence.

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