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- Menstrual_cycle abstract "The menstrual cycle is the cycle of natural changes that occurs in the uterus and ovary as an essential part of making sexual reproduction possible. Its timing is governed by endogenous (internal) biological cycles. The menstrual cycle is essential for the production of eggs, and for the preparation of the uterus for pregnancy. The cycle occurs only in fertile female humans and other female primates. In human females, the menstrual cycle occurs repeatedly between the age of menarche, when cycling begins, until menopause, when it ends.In humans, the length of a menstrual cycle varies greatly among women (ranging from 21 to 35 days), with 28 days designated as the average length. Each cycle can be divided into three phases based on events in the ovary (ovarian cycle) or in the uterus (uterine cycle). The ovarian cycle consists of the follicular phase, ovulation, and luteal phase whereas the uterine cycle is divided into menstruation, proliferative phase, and secretory phase. Both cycles are controlled by the endocrine system and the normal hormonal changes that occur can be interfered with using hormonal contraception to prevent reproduction.By convention, the length of an individual menstrual cycle in days is counted starting with the first day of menstrual bleeding. Stimulated by gradually increasing amounts of estrogen in the follicular phase, discharges of blood (menses) slow then stop, and the lining of the uterus thickens. Follicles in the ovary begin developing under the influence of a complex interplay of hormones, and after several days one or occasionally two become dominant (non-dominant follicles atrophy and die). Approximately mid-cycle, 24–36 hours after the Luteinizing Hormone (LH) surges, the dominant follicle releases an ovum, or egg, in an event called ovulation. After ovulation, the egg only lives for 24 hours or less without fertilization while the remains of the dominant follicle in the ovary become a corpus luteum; this body has a primary function of producing large amounts of progesterone. Under the influence of progesterone, the endometrium (uterine lining) changes to prepare for potential implantation of an embryo to establish a pregnancy. If implantation does not occur within approximately two weeks, the corpus luteum will involute, causing sharp drops in levels of both progesterone and estrogen. The hormone drop causes the uterus to shed its lining and egg in a process termed menstruation.In the menstrual cycle, changes occur in the female reproductive system as well as in other bodily systems (which can lead to breast tenderness or mood changes, for example). A woman's first menstruation is termed menarche, and occurs typically around age 12-13. The end of a woman's reproductive phase of life is called the menopause, and this commonly occurs somewhere between the ages of 45 and 55.".
- Menstrual_cycle thumbnail Figure_28_02_07.jpg?width=300.
- Menstrual_cycle wikiPageID "88003".
- Menstrual_cycle wikiPageRevisionID "605858592".
- Menstrual_cycle hasPhotoCollection Menstrual_cycle.
- Menstrual_cycle subject Category:Menstrual_cycle.
- Menstrual_cycle subject Category:Periodic_phenomena.
- Menstrual_cycle comment "The menstrual cycle is the cycle of natural changes that occurs in the uterus and ovary as an essential part of making sexual reproduction possible. Its timing is governed by endogenous (internal) biological cycles. The menstrual cycle is essential for the production of eggs, and for the preparation of the uterus for pregnancy. The cycle occurs only in fertile female humans and other female primates.".
- Menstrual_cycle label "Ciclo menstrual".
- Menstrual_cycle label "Ciclo mestruale".
- Menstrual_cycle label "Ciclo sexual femenino".
- Menstrual_cycle label "Cycle menstruel".
- Menstrual_cycle label "Cykl miesiączkowy".
- Menstrual_cycle label "Menstrual cycle".
- Menstrual_cycle label "Menstruatiecyclus".
- Menstrual_cycle label "Menstruationszyklus".
- Menstrual_cycle label "Менструальный цикл".
- Menstrual_cycle label "دورة شهرية".
- Menstrual_cycle label "月經週期".
- Menstrual_cycle label "黄体期".
- Menstrual_cycle sameAs Menstruační_cyklus.
- Menstrual_cycle sameAs Menstruationszyklus.
- Menstrual_cycle sameAs Καταμήνιος_κύκλος.
- Menstrual_cycle sameAs Ciclo_sexual_femenino.
- Menstrual_cycle sameAs Hilekoaren_ziklo.
- Menstrual_cycle sameAs Cycle_menstruel.
- Menstrual_cycle sameAs Ciclo_mestruale.
- Menstrual_cycle sameAs 黄体期.
- Menstrual_cycle sameAs 월경_주기.
- Menstrual_cycle sameAs Menstruatiecyclus.
- Menstrual_cycle sameAs Cykl_miesiączkowy.
- Menstrual_cycle sameAs Ciclo_menstrual.
- Menstrual_cycle sameAs m.0m2ph.
- Menstrual_cycle sameAs Q83864.
- Menstrual_cycle sameAs Q83864.
- Menstrual_cycle wasDerivedFrom Menstrual_cycle?oldid=605858592.
- Menstrual_cycle depiction Figure_28_02_07.jpg.
- Menstrual_cycle isPrimaryTopicOf Menstrual_cycle.