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- Mycotoxicology abstract "Mycotoxicology is the branch of mycology that focuses on analyzing and studying the toxins produced by fungus, known as Mycotoxins. As many microorganisms, fungus produce toxins as a response of biological stress in the environment, like lower nutrients or competitions for those available, conditions that trigger the secondary metabolism. Under this secondary path the fungus produces a wide array of compounds, usually enzymes, produced them in order to gain some level of advantage, like incrementing the efficiency of metabolic process to gain more energy from less food, or attacking another microorganism and being able to use their remains as a food source. Mycotoxicology is important in industrial processes that involves the production of food (for human or animal consumption) via the use of fungus and yeast, or with machinery in contact of these microorganisms because many of these enzymes manage to survive sterilization and can be harmful for human and animals.Mycotoxins are made by fungi and are toxic to vertebrates and other animal groups in low concentrations. Other low-molecular-weight fungal metabolites such as ethanol that are toxic only in high concentrations are not considered mycotoxins. Mushroom poisons are fungal metabolites that can cause disease and death in humans and other animals; they are rather arbitrarily excluded from discussions of mycotoxicology. Molds make mycotoxins; mushrooms and other macroscopic fungi make mushroom poisons. The distinction between a mycotoxin and a mushroom poison is based not only on the size of the producing fungus, but also on human intention. Mycotoxin exposure is almost always accidental. In contrast, with the exception of the victims of a few mycologically accomplished murderers, mushroom poisons are usually ingested by amateur mushroom hunters who have collected, cooked, and eaten what was misidentified as a delectable species.Mycotoxins are hard to define and are also very difficult to classify. Mycotoxins have diverse chemical structures, biosynthetic origins, myriad biological effects, and produce numerous different fungal species. Classification generally reflects the training of the categorizer and does not adhere to and set system. Mycotoxins are often arranged by physicians depending on what organ they effect. Mycotoxins can be categorized as nephrotoxins, hepatoxins, immunotoxins, neurotoxins, etc. Generic groups created by cell biologist are teratogens, mutagens, allergens, and carcinogens. Organic chemists have attempted to classify them by their chemical structures (e.g., lactones, coumarins); biochemists according to their biosynthetic origins (polyketides, amino acid-derived, etc.); physicians by the illnesses they cause (e.g., St. Anthony's fire, stachybotryotoxicosis), and mycologists by the fungi that produce them (e.g., Aspergillus toxins, Penicillium toxins).None of these classifications is entirely satisfactory. Aflatoxin, for example, is a hepatotoxic, mutagenic, carcinogenic, difuran-containing, polyketide-derived Aspergillus toxin. Zearalenone is a Fusarium metabolite with potent estrogenic activity; hence, in addition to being called (probably erroneously) a mycotoxin, it also has been labeled a phytoestrogen, a mycoestrogen, and a growth promotant.".
- Mycotoxicology wikiPageID "9465500".
- Mycotoxicology wikiPageRevisionID "535842317".
- Mycotoxicology hasPhotoCollection Mycotoxicology.
- Mycotoxicology subject Category:Poisonous_fungi.
- Mycotoxicology type Fungus112992868.
- Mycotoxicology type LivingThing100004258.
- Mycotoxicology type Object100002684.
- Mycotoxicology type Organism100004475.
- Mycotoxicology type PhysicalEntity100001930.
- Mycotoxicology type PoisonousFungi.
- Mycotoxicology type Whole100003553.
- Mycotoxicology comment "Mycotoxicology is the branch of mycology that focuses on analyzing and studying the toxins produced by fungus, known as Mycotoxins. As many microorganisms, fungus produce toxins as a response of biological stress in the environment, like lower nutrients or competitions for those available, conditions that trigger the secondary metabolism.".
- Mycotoxicology label "Mycotoxicology".
- Mycotoxicology sameAs m.0289_dm.
- Mycotoxicology sameAs Q6947231.
- Mycotoxicology sameAs Q6947231.
- Mycotoxicology sameAs Mycotoxicology.
- Mycotoxicology wasDerivedFrom Mycotoxicology?oldid=535842317.
- Mycotoxicology isPrimaryTopicOf Mycotoxicology.