Matches in DBpedia 2014 for { <http://dbpedia.org/resource/Nicol_prism> ?p ?o. }
Showing items 1 to 44 of
44
with 100 items per page.
- Nicol_prism abstract "A Nicol prism is a type of polarizer, an optical device used to produce a polarized beam of light from an unpolarized beam. It is made in such a way that it eliminates one of the rays by Total Internal Reflection i.e, the O-ray is eliminated and only the E-ray is transmitted through the prism. See polarized light. It was the first type of polarizing prism to be invented, in 1828 by William Nicol (1770–1851) of Edinburgh. It consists of a rhombohedral crystal of Iceland spar (a variety of calcite) that has been cut at an angle of 68° with respect to the crystal axis, cut again diagonally, and then rejoined as shown using, as a glue, a layer of transparent Canada balsam.Unpolarized light ray enters through the left face of the crystal, as shown in the diagram, and is split into two orthogonally polarized, differently directed, rays by the birefringence property of the calcite. One of these rays (the ordinary or o-ray) experiences a refractive index of no = 1.658 in the calcite and it undergoes total internal reflection at the calcite-glue interface because its angle of incidence at the glue layer (refractive index n = 1.55) exceeds the critical angle for the interface. It passes out the top side of the upper half of the prism with some refraction as shown. The other ray (the extraordinary ray or e-ray) experiences a lower refractive index (ne = 1.486) in the calcite, and is not totally reflected at the interface because it strikes the interface at a sub-critical angle. The e-ray merely undergoes a slight refraction, or bending, as it passes through the interface into the lower half of the prism. It finally leaves the prism as a ray of plane polarized light, undergoing another refraction as it exits the far right side of the prism. The two exiting rays have polarizations orthogonal (at right angles) to each other, but the lower, or e-ray, is the more commonly used for further experimentation because it is again traveling in the original horizontal direction, assuming that the calcite prism angles have been properly cut. The direction of the upper ray, or o-ray, is quite different from its original direction because it alone suffers total internal reflection at the glue interface as well as a final refraction on exit from the upper side of the prism.Nicol prisms were once widely used in microscopy and polarimetry, and the term "using crossed Nicols" (abbreviated as XN) is still used to refer to the observing of a sample placed between orthogonally oriented polarizers. In most instruments, however, Nicol prisms have been replaced by other types of polarizers such as Polaroid sheets and Glan–Thompson prisms.".
- Nicol_prism thumbnail Nicol-prism.png?width=300.
- Nicol_prism wikiPageID "1908650".
- Nicol_prism wikiPageRevisionID "592068369".
- Nicol_prism hasPhotoCollection Nicol_prism.
- Nicol_prism subject Category:Polarization_(waves).
- Nicol_prism subject Category:Prisms.
- Nicol_prism subject Category:Scottish_inventions.
- Nicol_prism type Ability105616246.
- Nicol_prism type Abstraction100002137.
- Nicol_prism type Attribute100024264.
- Nicol_prism type Cognition100023271.
- Nicol_prism type Creativity105624700.
- Nicol_prism type Invention105633385.
- Nicol_prism type Polyhedron113883885.
- Nicol_prism type Prism113884511.
- Nicol_prism type Prisms.
- Nicol_prism type PsychologicalFeature100023100.
- Nicol_prism type ScottishInventions.
- Nicol_prism type Shape100027807.
- Nicol_prism type Solid113860793.
- Nicol_prism comment "A Nicol prism is a type of polarizer, an optical device used to produce a polarized beam of light from an unpolarized beam. It is made in such a way that it eliminates one of the rays by Total Internal Reflection i.e, the O-ray is eliminated and only the E-ray is transmitted through the prism. See polarized light. It was the first type of polarizing prism to be invented, in 1828 by William Nicol (1770–1851) of Edinburgh.".
- Nicol_prism label "Nicol prism".
- Nicol_prism label "Nicolsches Prisma".
- Nicol_prism label "Prisma de Nicol".
- Nicol_prism label "Prisma de Nicol".
- Nicol_prism label "Prisma di Nicol".
- Nicol_prism label "Prisme de Nicol".
- Nicol_prism label "Pryzmat Nicola".
- Nicol_prism label "Призма Николя".
- Nicol_prism label "منشور نيكول".
- Nicol_prism sameAs Nicolsches_Prisma.
- Nicol_prism sameAs Prisma_de_Nicol.
- Nicol_prism sameAs Prisme_de_Nicol.
- Nicol_prism sameAs Prisma_di_Nicol.
- Nicol_prism sameAs Pryzmat_Nicola.
- Nicol_prism sameAs Prisma_de_Nicol.
- Nicol_prism sameAs m.065d_f.
- Nicol_prism sameAs Q1343878.
- Nicol_prism sameAs Q1343878.
- Nicol_prism sameAs Nicol_prism.
- Nicol_prism wasDerivedFrom Nicol_prism?oldid=592068369.
- Nicol_prism depiction Nicol-prism.png.
- Nicol_prism isPrimaryTopicOf Nicol_prism.