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- Nitrophorin abstract "Nitrophorins are hemoproteins found in saliva of blood-feeding insects. Saliva of the blood-sucking bug Rhodnius prolixus contains at least seven homologous nitrophorins, designated NP1 to NP7 in order of their relative abundance in the glands. As isolated, nitrophorins contain nitric oxide (NO) ligated to the ferric heme iron (Fe3+). Histamine, which is released by the host in response to tissue damage, is another nitrophorin ligand. Nitrophorins transport NO to the feeding site. Dilution, binding of histamine and increase in pH (from pH ~5 in salivary gland to pH ~7.4 in the host tissue) facilitate the release of NO into the tissue where it induces vasodilatation. The salivary nitrophorin from the hemipteran Cimex lectularius (bedbug) has no sequence similarity to Rhodnius prolixus nitrophorins but is homologous to the inositol-polyphosphate 5-phosphatase (EC 3.1.3.56). It is suggested that the two classes of insect nitrophorins have arisen as a product of the convergent evolution.The crystal structures of several nitrophorin complexes are known. The Rhodnius prolixus nitrophorin structures reveal lipocalin-like eight-stranded β-barrel, three α-helices and two disulfide bonds, with heme inserted into one end of the barrel. Members of the lipocalin family are known to bind a variety of small hydrophobic ligands, including biliverdin, in a similar fashion. The heme iron is ligated to histidine residue (His-59). The position of His-59 is restrained through water-mediated hydrogen bond to the carboxylate of aspartic acid residue (Asp-70). The His-59–Fe bond is bent ~15° out of the imidazole plane. Asp-70 forms an unusual hydrogen bond with one of the heme propionates, suggesting the residuehas an altered pKa. In NP1-histamine structure, the planes of His-59 and histamine imidazole rings lie in an arrangement almost identical to that found in oxidized cytochrome b5.The fold of nitrophorin from Cimex lectularius consists of central 11-stranded β-sandwich and seven peripheral α-helices. The heme is positioned between β-sheet and an α-helix, with heme iron ligated to cysteinate residue. NO can bind both to heme Fe3+ and to proximal Cys-60 ligand causing reversible S-nitrosylation.".
- Nitrophorin wikiPageExternalLink search.cgi?key=lipocalins.
- Nitrophorin wikiPageExternalLink np.htm.
- Nitrophorin wikiPageID "1985028".
- Nitrophorin wikiPageRevisionID "596628870".
- Nitrophorin hasPhotoCollection Nitrophorin.
- Nitrophorin subject Category:Hemoproteins.
- Nitrophorin type Abstraction100002137.
- Nitrophorin type Chemical114806838.
- Nitrophorin type Compound114818238.
- Nitrophorin type ConjugatedProtein114731135.
- Nitrophorin type Hemoprotein114888884.
- Nitrophorin type Hemoproteins.
- Nitrophorin type Macromolecule114944888.
- Nitrophorin type Material114580897.
- Nitrophorin type Matter100020827.
- Nitrophorin type Molecule114682133.
- Nitrophorin type OrganicCompound114727670.
- Nitrophorin type Part113809207.
- Nitrophorin type PhysicalEntity100001930.
- Nitrophorin type Protein114728724.
- Nitrophorin type Relation100031921.
- Nitrophorin type Substance100019613.
- Nitrophorin type Thing100002452.
- Nitrophorin type Unit109465459.
- Nitrophorin comment "Nitrophorins are hemoproteins found in saliva of blood-feeding insects. Saliva of the blood-sucking bug Rhodnius prolixus contains at least seven homologous nitrophorins, designated NP1 to NP7 in order of their relative abundance in the glands. As isolated, nitrophorins contain nitric oxide (NO) ligated to the ferric heme iron (Fe3+). Histamine, which is released by the host in response to tissue damage, is another nitrophorin ligand. Nitrophorins transport NO to the feeding site.".
- Nitrophorin label "Nitrophorin".
- Nitrophorin sameAs m.06bzmc.
- Nitrophorin sameAs Q7041499.
- Nitrophorin sameAs Q7041499.
- Nitrophorin sameAs Nitrophorin.
- Nitrophorin wasDerivedFrom Nitrophorin?oldid=596628870.
- Nitrophorin isPrimaryTopicOf Nitrophorin.