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- Old_English_grammar abstract "The grammar of Old English is quite different from that of Modern English, predominantly by being much more inflected. As an old Germanic language, the morphological system of Old English is similar to that of the hypothetical Proto-Germanic reconstruction, retaining many of the inflections thought to have been common in Proto-Indo-European and also including characteristically Germanic constructions such as the umlaut.Among living languages, Old English morphology most closely resembles that of modern Icelandic, which is among the most conservative of the Germanic languages; to a lesser extent, the Old English inflectional system is similar to that of modern High German.Nouns, pronouns, adjectives and determiners were fully inflected with five grammatical cases (nominative, accusative, genitive, dative, and instrumental), two grammatical numbers (singular and plural) and three grammatical genders (masculine, feminine, and neuter). First- and second-person personal pronouns also had dual forms for referring to groups of two people, in addition to the usual singular and plural forms.The instrumental case was somewhat rare and occurred only in the masculine and neuter singular; it could typically be replaced by the dative. Adjectives, pronouns and (sometimes) participles agreed with their antecedent nouns in case, number and gender. Finite verbs agreed with their subject in person and number.Nouns came in numerous declensions (with deep parallels in Latin, Ancient Greek and Sanskrit). Verbs came in nine main conjugations (seven strong and two weak), each with numerous subtypes, as well as a few additional smaller conjugations and a handful of irregular verbs. The main difference from other ancient Indo-European languages, such as Latin, is that verbs can be conjugated in only two tenses (vs. the six "tenses" – really tense/aspect combinations – of Latin), and have no synthetic passive voice (although it did still exist in Gothic).Gender in nouns was grammatical, as opposed to the natural gender that prevails in modern English. That is, the grammatical gender of a given noun did not necessarily correspond to its natural gender, even for nouns referring to people. For example, sēo sunne (the Sun) was feminine, se mōna (the Moon) was masculine, and þæt wīf "the woman/wife" was neuter. (Compare modern German die Sonne, der Mond, das Weib.) Pronominal usage could reflect either natural or grammatical gender, when it conflicted.".
- Old_English_grammar wikiPageExternalLink magic.html.
- Old_English_grammar wikiPageExternalLink oe_bosworthtoller_about.html.
- Old_English_grammar wikiPageID "2785010".
- Old_English_grammar wikiPageRevisionID "592222237".
- Old_English_grammar hasPhotoCollection Old_English_grammar.
- Old_English_grammar subject Category:Grammars_of_specific_languages.
- Old_English_grammar subject Category:Old_English_grammar.
- Old_English_grammar subject Category:Old_English_language.
- Old_English_grammar type Abstraction100002137.
- Old_English_grammar type Cognition100023271.
- Old_English_grammar type Content105809192.
- Old_English_grammar type DescriptiveLinguistics106181584.
- Old_English_grammar type Discipline105996646.
- Old_English_grammar type Grammar106174404.
- Old_English_grammar type GrammarsOfSpecificLanguages.
- Old_English_grammar type KnowledgeDomain105999266.
- Old_English_grammar type Linguistics106172789.
- Old_English_grammar type PsychologicalFeature100023100.
- Old_English_grammar type Science105999797.
- Old_English_grammar comment "The grammar of Old English is quite different from that of Modern English, predominantly by being much more inflected.".
- Old_English_grammar label "Altenglische Grammatik".
- Old_English_grammar label "Old English grammar".
- Old_English_grammar label "古英語の文法".
- Old_English_grammar sameAs Altenglische_Grammatik.
- Old_English_grammar sameAs 古英語の文法.
- Old_English_grammar sameAs m.082l18.
- Old_English_grammar sameAs Q437086.
- Old_English_grammar sameAs Q437086.
- Old_English_grammar sameAs Old_English_grammar.
- Old_English_grammar wasDerivedFrom Old_English_grammar?oldid=592222237.
- Old_English_grammar isPrimaryTopicOf Old_English_grammar.