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- Open_hearth_furnace abstract "Open hearth furnaces are one of a number of kinds of furnace where excess carbon and other impurities are burnt out of pig iron to produce steel. Since steel is difficult to manufacture due its high melting point, normal fuels and furnaces were insufficient and the open hearth furnace was developed to overcome this difficulty. Compared to Bessemer steel, which it displaced, its main advantages were that it didn't expose the steel to excessive nitrogen (which would cause the steel to become brittle), was easier to control, and it permitted the melting and refining of large amounts of scrap iron and steel.In 1865, the French engineer Pierre-Émile Martin took out a license from Siemens and first applied his regenerative furnace for making steel. Their process was known as the Siemens-Martin process, and the furnace as an "open-hearth" furnace. Most open hearth furnaces were closed by the early 1990s, not least because of their slow operation, being replaced by the basic oxygen furnace or electric arc furnace.While arguably the first primitive open hearth furnace was the Catalan forge, invented in Spain in the 8th century, it is usual to confine the term to certain 19th-century and later steelmaking processes, thus excluding bloomeries (including the Catalan forge), finery forges, and puddling furnaces from its application.".
- Open_hearth_furnace thumbnail Fotothek_df_n-34_0000203_Metallurge_für_Hüttentechnik.jpg?width=300.
- Open_hearth_furnace wikiPageExternalLink books?id=7igDAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA64.
- Open_hearth_furnace wikiPageExternalLink toolPreBlastFurnace.html.
- Open_hearth_furnace wikiPageID "1143044".
- Open_hearth_furnace wikiPageRevisionID "604224596".
- Open_hearth_furnace hasPhotoCollection Open_hearth_furnace.
- Open_hearth_furnace subject Category:Industrial_furnaces.
- Open_hearth_furnace subject Category:Steelmaking.
- Open_hearth_furnace type Area102735688.
- Open_hearth_furnace type Artifact100021939.
- Open_hearth_furnace type Chamber103003730.
- Open_hearth_furnace type Enclosure103285912.
- Open_hearth_furnace type Fireplace103346455.
- Open_hearth_furnace type Fireplaces.
- Open_hearth_furnace type Furnace103404449.
- Open_hearth_furnace type IndustrialFurnaces.
- Open_hearth_furnace type Object100002684.
- Open_hearth_furnace type PhysicalEntity100001930.
- Open_hearth_furnace type Recess104061969.
- Open_hearth_furnace type Structure104341686.
- Open_hearth_furnace type Whole100003553.
- Open_hearth_furnace type YagoGeoEntity.
- Open_hearth_furnace type YagoPermanentlyLocatedEntity.
- Open_hearth_furnace comment "Open hearth furnaces are one of a number of kinds of furnace where excess carbon and other impurities are burnt out of pig iron to produce steel. Since steel is difficult to manufacture due its high melting point, normal fuels and furnaces were insufficient and the open hearth furnace was developed to overcome this difficulty.".
- Open_hearth_furnace label "Forno Martin-Siemens".
- Open_hearth_furnace label "Forno Siemens-Martin".
- Open_hearth_furnace label "Open hearth furnace".
- Open_hearth_furnace label "Piec martenowski".
- Open_hearth_furnace label "Procédé Martin-Siemens".
- Open_hearth_furnace label "Siemens-Martin-Ofen".
- Open_hearth_furnace label "Siemens-Martinoven".
- Open_hearth_furnace label "Мартеновская печь".
- Open_hearth_furnace label "فرن المجمرة المكشوفة".
- Open_hearth_furnace label "平炉".
- Open_hearth_furnace label "平炉炼钢法".
- Open_hearth_furnace sameAs Siemensova-Martinova_pec.
- Open_hearth_furnace sameAs Siemens-Martin-Ofen.
- Open_hearth_furnace sameAs Procédé_Martin-Siemens.
- Open_hearth_furnace sameAs Forno_Martin-Siemens.
- Open_hearth_furnace sameAs 平炉.
- Open_hearth_furnace sameAs 평로.
- Open_hearth_furnace sameAs Siemens-Martinoven.
- Open_hearth_furnace sameAs Piec_martenowski.
- Open_hearth_furnace sameAs Forno_Siemens-Martin.
- Open_hearth_furnace sameAs m.04b0p2.
- Open_hearth_furnace sameAs Q45728.
- Open_hearth_furnace sameAs Q45728.
- Open_hearth_furnace sameAs Open_hearth_furnace.
- Open_hearth_furnace wasDerivedFrom Open_hearth_furnace?oldid=604224596.
- Open_hearth_furnace depiction Fotothek_df_n-34_0000203_Metallurge_für_Hüttentechnik.jpg.
- Open_hearth_furnace isPrimaryTopicOf Open_hearth_furnace.