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- Operation_Steinbock abstract "Operation Steinbock (German: Unternehmen Steinbock) was a late World War II Luftwaffe night-time strategic bombing campaign against southern England that took place from January to May 1944. Since its inception, German aerial doctrine had covered most aspects of aerial warfare. The most controversial element, strategic bombing, had been a major debating point in German military circles since World War I. The German victories in the so-called Blitzkrieg, which occurred from September 1939 to mid-1942 during World War II, were won with the German bomber arm focused mainly on close air support and interdiction operations. The failures of the Wehrmacht thereafter on the Western and Eastern Fronts turned the tide of the air war. The loss of air superiority presaged a decline in mass bomber operations in daylight by 1943. The remaining strength of the Luftwaffe was directed in striking by night. In 1942 the British Royal Air Force (RAF) began a resurgent campaign against German industrial cities. The attack on Cologne in May 1942 began this cycle until the end of the war. In March to July 1943 the Ruhr was badly damaged and in that same period Hamburg was devastated by a concentrated attack. The German night fighters had inflicted significant losses but failed to prevent the raids causing enormous damage. Adolf Hitler, frustrated with the failure of the Luftwaffe to defend Germany, ordered retaliatory attacks against British cities. Commander-in-Chief of the Luftwaffe Herman Göring hoped such operations would deter the British from continuing their offensive against German cities. Christened Steinbock, the bombing offensive also served as propaganda value for the German public and domestic consumption. The operation ran parallel to Bomber Command's campaign against Berlin (November 1943—March 1944).Placed under the command of Generalmajor (Major–General) Dietrich Peltz, Luftflotte 3 (Air Fleet 3), the Germans assembled 474 bomber aircraft for the offensive. The attacks were mainly aimed at and around the Greater London area. In Britain, it was known as the 'Baby Blitz' due to the much smaller scale of operations compared to The Blitz, the Luftwaffe's campaign against the British Isles in 1940–41. The operation began in January and ended in May 1944.The operation achieved very little, and the German force suffered a loss of some 329 machines during the five months of operations—an average of 77 per month—before it was abandoned. Other senior Luftwaffe commanders had intended to use the bomber force against the Western Allied invasion fleet, which they predicted would land in Northern France sometime in the spring or summer of 1944. Eventually, the revenge attacks gave way to attempts to disrupt preparations for the impending Allied invasion of France, codenamed Operation Overlord, but Steinbock had worn down the offensive power of the Luftwaffe to the extent it could not mount any significant counterattacks when the invasion began on 6 June 1944.The offensive was the Luftwaffe's last large-scale bombing campaign against England using conventional aircraft, and henceforth only the V-1 flying bomb cruise missiles and V-2 rockets — pioneering short-range ballistic missiles — were used to strike British cities.".
- Operation_Steinbock causalties "1 destroyed".
- Operation_Steinbock causalties "5 damaged".
- Operation_Steinbock combatant "Germany".
- Operation_Steinbock combatant "United Kingdom".
- Operation_Steinbock commander Dietrich_Peltz.
- Operation_Steinbock commander Roderic_Hill.
- Operation_Steinbock date "1944-05-29".
- Operation_Steinbock isPartOfMilitaryConflict World_War_II.
- Operation_Steinbock place United_Kingdom.
- Operation_Steinbock result "British victory".
- Operation_Steinbock strength "500+ Night fighters".
- Operation_Steinbock strength "524 bombers".
- Operation_Steinbock thumbnail Bundesarchiv_Bild_101I-676-7972A-04,_Heinkel_He_177.jpg?width=300.
- Operation_Steinbock wikiPageID "11455647".
- Operation_Steinbock wikiPageRevisionID "606356138".
- Operation_Steinbock caption "A Heinkel He 177 takes off for a sortie, 1944.".
- Operation_Steinbock casualties "1".
- Operation_Steinbock casualties "329".
- Operation_Steinbock casualties "5".
- Operation_Steinbock combatant "Germany".
- Operation_Steinbock combatant "United Kingdom".
- Operation_Steinbock commander "Dietrich Peltz".
- Operation_Steinbock commander "Roderic Hill".
- Operation_Steinbock conflict Defence_of_the_Reich.
- Operation_Steinbock date "--01-21".
- Operation_Steinbock hasPhotoCollection Operation_Steinbock.
- Operation_Steinbock partof "World War II".
- Operation_Steinbock place "Southern United Kingdom".
- Operation_Steinbock result "British victory".
- Operation_Steinbock strength "500".
- Operation_Steinbock strength "524".
- Operation_Steinbock wordnet_type synset-war-noun-1.
- Operation_Steinbock subject Category:Aerial_operations_and_battles_of_World_War_II.
- Operation_Steinbock subject Category:Aerial_operations_and_battles_of_World_War_II_involving_Germany.
- Operation_Steinbock subject Category:Aerial_operations_and_battles_of_World_War_II_involving_the_United_Kingdom.
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- Operation_Steinbock type Abstraction100002137.
- Operation_Steinbock type Action114006945.
- Operation_Steinbock type AerialOperationsAndBattlesOfWorldWarII.
- Operation_Steinbock type AerialOperationsAndBattlesOfWorldWarIIInvolvingGermany.
- Operation_Steinbock type AerialOperationsAndBattlesOfWorldWarIIInvolvingTheUnitedKingdom.
- Operation_Steinbock type Attribute100024264.
- Operation_Steinbock type Operation114008806.
- Operation_Steinbock type State100024720.
- Operation_Steinbock type Event.
- Operation_Steinbock type MilitaryConflict.
- Operation_Steinbock type SocietalEvent.
- Operation_Steinbock type Event.
- Operation_Steinbock type ConflictEvent.
- Operation_Steinbock type Event.
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- Operation_Steinbock comment "Operation Steinbock (German: Unternehmen Steinbock) was a late World War II Luftwaffe night-time strategic bombing campaign against southern England that took place from January to May 1944. Since its inception, German aerial doctrine had covered most aspects of aerial warfare. The most controversial element, strategic bombing, had been a major debating point in German military circles since World War I.".
- Operation_Steinbock label "Operation Steinbock".
- Operation_Steinbock label "Operazione Steinbock".
- Operation_Steinbock label "Opération Steinbock".
- Operation_Steinbock label "Unternehmen Steinbock".
- Operation_Steinbock sameAs Unternehmen_Steinbock.
- Operation_Steinbock sameAs Opération_Steinbock.
- Operation_Steinbock sameAs Operazione_Steinbock.
- Operation_Steinbock sameAs m.02rdc0y.
- Operation_Steinbock sameAs Q532228.
- Operation_Steinbock sameAs Q532228.
- Operation_Steinbock sameAs Operation_Steinbock.
- Operation_Steinbock lat "51.507777777777775".
- Operation_Steinbock long "-0.12805555555555556".
- Operation_Steinbock wasDerivedFrom Operation_Steinbock?oldid=606356138.
- Operation_Steinbock depiction Bundesarchiv_Bild_101I-676-7972A-04,_Heinkel_He_177.jpg.
- Operation_Steinbock isPrimaryTopicOf Operation_Steinbock.
- Operation_Steinbock name "Defence of the Reich".