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• Parihaka abstract "Parihaka is a small community in the Taranaki region of New Zealand, located between Mount Taranaki and the Tasman Sea. In the 1870s and 1880s the settlement, then reputed to be the largest Māori village in New Zealand, became the centre of a major campaign of non-violent resistance to European occupation of confiscated land in the area.The village was founded about 1866 by Māori chiefs Te Whiti o Rongomai and Tohu Kakahi on land seized by the government during the post-war land confiscations of the 1860s. The population of the village grew to more than 2000, attracting Māori who had been dispossessed of their land by confiscations and impressing European visitors with its cleanliness and industry, and its extensive cultivations producing cash crops as well as food sufficient to feed its inhabitants.When an influx of European settlers in Taranaki created a demand for farmland that outstripped the availability, the Grey government stepped up efforts to secure title to land it had confiscated but subsequently not taken up for settlement. From 1876 some Māori in Taranaki accepted "no fault" payments called takoha compensation, while some hapu, or sub-tribal groups, outside the confiscation zone took the Government's payments to allow surveying and settlement. Māori near Parihaka and the Waimate Plains rejected the payments, however, and the government responded by drawing up plans to take the land by force. In late 1878 the government began surveying the land and offering it for sale. Te Whiti and Tohu responded with a series of non-violent campaigns in which they first ploughed settlers' farmland and later erected fences across roadways to impress upon the government their right to occupy the confiscated land to which they believed they still had rights, given the government's failure to provide the reserves it had promised. The campaigns sparked a series of arrests under martial law, resulting in more than 400 Māori being jailed in the South Island, where they remained without trial for as long as 16 months with the aid of a series of new repressive laws.As fears grew among white settlers that the resistance campaign was a prelude to renewed armed conflict, the Hall Government began planning a military assault at Parihaka to close it down. Pressured by Native Minister John Bryce, the government finally acted in late October 1881 while the sympathetic Governor was out of the country. Led by Bryce, on horseback, 1600 troops and cavalry entered the village at dawn on 5 November 1881. The soldiers were greeted with hundreds of skipping and singing children offering them food. Te Whiti and Tohu were arrested and jailed for 16 months, 1600 Parihaka inhabitants were expelled and dispersed throughout Taranaki without food or shelter and the remaining 600 residents were issued with government passes to control their movement. Soldiers looted and destroyed most of the buildings at Parihaka. Land that had been promised as reserves by a commission of inquiry into land confiscations was later seized and sold to cover the cost of crushing Te Whiti's resistance, while others were leased to European settlers, shutting Māori out of involvement in the decisions over land use.In a major 1996 report, the Waitangi Tribunal claimed the events at Parihaka provided a graphic display of government antagonism to any show of Māori political independence. It noted: "A vibrant and productive Māori community was destroyed and total State control of all matters Māori, with full power over the Māori social order, was sought." Historian Hazel Riseborough also believed the central issue motivating the invasion was mana: "Europeans were concerned about their superiority and dominance which, it seemed to them, could be assured only by destroying Te Whiti's mana. As long as he remained at Parihaka he constituted a threat to European supremacy in that he offered his people an alternative to the way of life the European sought to impose on them."The Parihaka International Peace Festival has been held annually there since 2006.".
• Parihaka country New_Zealand.
• Parihaka isPartOf South_Taranaki_District.
• Parihaka isPartOf Taranaki_Region.
• Parihaka thumbnail Parihaka-1.jpg?width=300.
• Parihaka wikiPageExternalLink NgatiMutungaSummary.pdf.
• Parihaka wikiPageExternalLink view.php?id=38.
• Parihaka wikiPageExternalLink GlobalBitsParihakawebversion.pdf.
• Parihaka wikiPageExternalLink 2000_08c_single.html.
• Parihaka wikiPageExternalLink parihaka.html.
• Parihaka wikiPageExternalLink www.parihaka.com.
• Parihaka wikiPageExternalLink summary.asp?reportid=3FECC540-D049-4DE6-A7F0-C26BCCDAB345.
• Parihaka wikiPageExternalLink parihaka07.htm.
• Parihaka wikiPageID "314175".
• Parihaka wikiPageRevisionID "597757733".
• Parihaka coordinatesRegion "NZ".
• Parihaka hasPhotoCollection Parihaka.
• Parihaka latd "39".
• Parihaka latm "18".
• Parihaka latns "S".
• Parihaka lats "0".
• Parihaka longd "173".
• Parihaka longew "E".
• Parihaka longm "50".
• Parihaka longs "0".
• Parihaka name "Parihaka".
• Parihaka populationTotal "Fewer than 100".
• Parihaka pushpinLabelPosition "left".
• Parihaka pushpinMap "Taranaki".
• Parihaka subdivisionName New_Zealand.
• Parihaka subdivisionName South_Taranaki_District.
• Parihaka subdivisionName Taranaki_Region.
• Parihaka subdivisionType "Country".
• Parihaka subdivisionType "District".
• Parihaka subdivisionType "Region".
• Parihaka subject Category:History_of_the_Taranaki_Region.
• Parihaka subject Category:New_Zealand_Wars.
• Parihaka subject Category:Nonviolent_resistance_movements.
• Parihaka subject Category:Populated_places_in_New_Zealand.
• Parihaka subject Category:South_Taranaki_District.
• Parihaka point "-39.3 173.83333333333334".
• Parihaka type AdministrativeDistrict108491826.
• Parihaka type District108552138.
• Parihaka type GeographicalArea108574314.
• Parihaka type Location100027167.
• Parihaka type Object100002684.
• Parihaka type PhysicalEntity100001930.
• Parihaka type PopulatedPlacesInNewZealand.
• Parihaka type Region108630985.
• Parihaka type Site108651247.
• Parihaka type Tract108673395.
• Parihaka type YagoGeoEntity.
• Parihaka type YagoLegalActorGeo.
• Parihaka type YagoPermanentlyLocatedEntity.
• Parihaka type Place.
• Parihaka type PopulatedPlace.
• Parihaka type Settlement.
• Parihaka type Wikidata:Q532.
• Parihaka type Place.
• Parihaka type Location.
• Parihaka type _Feature.
• Parihaka type SpatialThing.
• Parihaka comment "Parihaka is a small community in the Taranaki region of New Zealand, located between Mount Taranaki and the Tasman Sea.".
• Parihaka label "Parihaka".
• Parihaka sameAs m.01tm7v.
• Parihaka sameAs 2184879.
• Parihaka sameAs Q7137071.
• Parihaka sameAs Q7137071.
• Parihaka sameAs Parihaka.
• Parihaka lat "-39.3".
• Parihaka long "173.83333333333334".
• Parihaka wasDerivedFrom Parihaka?oldid=597757733.
• Parihaka depiction Parihaka-1.jpg.
• Parihaka isPrimaryTopicOf Parihaka.
• Parihaka name "Parihaka".