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- Portland_cement abstract "Portland cement is the most common type of cement in general use around the world, used as a basic ingredient of concrete, mortar, stucco, and most non-specialty grout. It usually originates from limestone. It is a fine powder produced by grinding Portland cement clinker (more than 90%), a limited amount of calcium sulfate (which controls the set time) and up to 5% minor constituents as allowed by various standards such as the European Standard EN 197-1:Portland cement clinker is a hydraulic material which shall consist of at least two-thirds by mass of calcium silicates (3 CaO·SiO2 and 2 CaO·SiO2), the remainder consisting of aluminium- and iron-containing clinker phases and other compounds. The ratio of CaO to SiO2 shall not be less than 2.0. The magnesium oxide content (MgO) shall not exceed 5.0% by mass. (The last two requirements were already set out in the German Standard, issued in 1909).ASTM C150 defines Portland cement as "hydraulic cement (cement that not only hardens by reacting with water but also forms a water-resistant product) produced by pulverizing clinkers consisting essentially of hydraulic calcium silicates, usually containing one or more of the forms of calcium sulfate as an inter ground addition." Clinkers are nodules (diameters, 0.2–1.0 inch [5–25 mm]) of a sintered material that is produced when a raw mixture of predetermined composition is heated to high temperature. The low cost and widespread availability of the limestone, shales, and other naturally occurring materials make Portland cement one of the lowest-cost materials widely used over the last century throughout the world. Concrete is one of the most versatile construction materials available in the world.Portland cement clinker is made by heating, in a kiln, a homogeneous mixture of raw materials to a calcining temperature, which is about 1450°C for modern cements. The aluminium oxide and iron oxide are present as a flux and contribute little to the strength. For special cements, such as Low Heat (LH) and Sulfate Resistant (SR) types, it is necessary to limit the amount of tricalcium aluminate (3 CaO·Al2O3) formed. The major raw material for the clinker-making is usually limestone (CaCO3) mixed with a second material containing clay as source of alumino-silicate. Normally, an impure limestone which contains clay or SiO2 is used. The CaCO3 content of these limestones can be as low as 80%. Secondary raw materials (materials in the rawmix other than limestone) depend on the purity of the limestone. Some of the materials used are clay, shale, sand, iron ore, bauxite, fly ash, and slag. When a cement kiln is fired by coal, the ash of the coal acts as a secondary raw material.".
- Portland_cement thumbnail Portland_Cement_Bags.jpg?width=300.
- Portland_cement wikiPageExternalLink 0,,1771589,00.html.
- Portland_cement wikiPageExternalLink C150.htm.
- Portland_cement wikiPageExternalLink npgd0521.html.
- Portland_cement wikiPageExternalLink www.cement.org.
- Portland_cement wikiPageExternalLink cement_t22.html.
- Portland_cement wikiPageExternalLink doodles_enlarge.cfm?id_image=68.
- Portland_cement wikiPageExternalLink concrete-vs-cement.html.
- Portland_cement wikiPageExternalLink www.wbcsdcement.org.
- Portland_cement wikiPageID "40318".
- Portland_cement wikiPageRevisionID "606273590".
- Portland_cement hasPhotoCollection Portland_cement.
- Portland_cement subject Category:Building_materials.
- Portland_cement subject Category:Cement.
- Portland_cement subject Category:Concrete.
- Portland_cement subject Category:English_inventions.
- Portland_cement subject Category:Isle_of_Portland.
- Portland_cement subject Category:Limestone.
- Portland_cement point "14.6325 101.0771".
- Portland_cement type Ability105616246.
- Portland_cement type Abstraction100002137.
- Portland_cement type Cognition100023271.
- Portland_cement type Creativity105624700.
- Portland_cement type EnglishInventions.
- Portland_cement type Invention105633385.
- Portland_cement type PsychologicalFeature100023100.
- Portland_cement type SpatialThing.
- Portland_cement comment "Portland cement is the most common type of cement in general use around the world, used as a basic ingredient of concrete, mortar, stucco, and most non-specialty grout. It usually originates from limestone.".
- Portland_cement label "Cement portlandzki".
- Portland_cement label "Cemento Portland".
- Portland_cement label "Ciment Portland".
- Portland_cement label "Cimento Portland".
- Portland_cement label "Portland cement".
- Portland_cement label "Portlandcement".
- Portland_cement label "Портландцемент".
- Portland_cement label "ポルトランドセメント".
- Portland_cement label "硅酸盐水泥".
- Portland_cement sameAs Portlandský_cement.
- Portland_cement sameAs Cemento_Portland.
- Portland_cement sameAs Ciment_Portland.
- Portland_cement sameAs ポルトランドセメント.
- Portland_cement sameAs 포틀랜드_시멘트.
- Portland_cement sameAs Portlandcement.
- Portland_cement sameAs Cement_portlandzki.
- Portland_cement sameAs Cimento_Portland.
- Portland_cement sameAs m.0b1h1.
- Portland_cement sameAs Q844123.
- Portland_cement sameAs Q844123.
- Portland_cement sameAs Portland_cement.
- Portland_cement lat "14.6325".
- Portland_cement long "101.0771".
- Portland_cement wasDerivedFrom Portland_cement?oldid=606273590.
- Portland_cement depiction Portland_Cement_Bags.jpg.
- Portland_cement isPrimaryTopicOf Portland_cement.