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- Prolactin abstract "Prolactin (PRL), also known as luteotropic hormone or luteotropin, is a protein that in humans is best known for its role in enabling female mammals to produce milk, however, it is influential over a large number of functions with over 300 separate actions of PRL having been reported in various vertebrates. Prolactin is secreted from the pituitary gland in response to eating, mating, estrogen treatment, ovulation, and nursing. Prolactin is secreted in a pulsatile fashion in between these events. Prolactin also plays an essential role in: metabolism; regulation of the immune system; and pancreatic development.Discovered in non-human animals around 1930 by Oscar Riddle at Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory on Long Island, New York, and confirmed in humans in 1970 by Henry Friesen prolactin is a peptide hormone, encoded by the PRL gene.Although often associated with human milk production, prolactin plays a wide range of other roles in both humans and other vertebrates. (For example, in fish—the oldest known vertebrates—an important function is probably related to control of water and salt balance.) Prolactin also acts in a cytokine-like manner and as an important regulator of the immune system. It has important cell cycle related functions as a growth-, differentiating- and anti-apoptotic factor. As a growth factor, binding to cytokine like receptors, it also has profound influence on hematopoiesis, angiogenesis and is involved in the regulation of blood clotting through several pathways. The hormone acts in endocrine, autocrine, and paracrine manner through the prolactin receptor and a large number of cytokine receptors.Pituitary prolactin secretion is regulated by endocrine neurons in the hypothalamus, the most important ones being the neurosecretory tuberoinfundibulum (TIDA) neurons of the arcuate nucleus, which secrete dopamine (aka Prolactin Inhibitory Hormone) to act on the D2 receptors of lactotrophs, causing inhibition of prolactin secretion. Thyrotropin-releasing factor (thyrotropin-releasing hormone) has a stimulatory effect on prolactin release.Several variants and forms are known per species. Many fish have variants prolactin A and prolactin B. Most vertebrates including humans also have the closely related somatolactin. In humans, three smaller (4, 16, and 22 kDa) and several larger (so called big and big-big) variants exist.".
- Prolactin entrezgene "5617".
- Prolactin wikiPageExternalLink prolactin.html.
- Prolactin wikiPageExternalLink test.
- Prolactin wikiPageExternalLink Diagnosis-Treatment-of-Hyperprolactinemia.pdf.
- Prolactin wikiPageID "214297".
- Prolactin wikiPageRevisionID "606042775".
- Prolactin barWidth "35".
- Prolactin data "113".
- Prolactin data "12.1".
- Prolactin data "13".
- Prolactin data "13.9".
- Prolactin data "16".
- Prolactin data "17".
- Prolactin data "49".
- Prolactin data "6.2".
- Prolactin data "6.9".
- Prolactin data "7".
- Prolactin data "7.1".
- Prolactin data "9.2".
- Prolactin dataMax "113".
- Prolactin dataType "Prolactin, µg/L".
- Prolactin hasPhotoCollection Prolactin.
- Prolactin label "Men, 21–30".
- Prolactin label "Men, 31–40".
- Prolactin label "Men, 41–50".
- Prolactin label "Men, 51–60".
- Prolactin label "Men, 61–70".
- Prolactin label "women, follicular phase".
- Prolactin label "women, luteal phase".
- Prolactin label "women, mid-cycle".
- Prolactin label "women, pregnant, 1st trimester".
- Prolactin label "women, pregnant, 2nd trimester".
- Prolactin label "women, pregnant, 3rd trimester".
- Prolactin label "women, whole cycle".
- Prolactin labelType "Proband".
- Prolactin title "Typical prolactin values".
- Prolactin widthUnits "em".
- Prolactin subject Category:Anterior_pituitary_hormones.
- Prolactin subject Category:Breastfeeding.
- Prolactin subject Category:Human_hormones.
- Prolactin subject Category:Peptide_hormones.
- Prolactin type Biomolecule.
- Prolactin type Protein.
- Prolactin type ProteinMolecule.
- Prolactin type BiologicalObject.
- Prolactin comment "Prolactin (PRL), also known as luteotropic hormone or luteotropin, is a protein that in humans is best known for its role in enabling female mammals to produce milk, however, it is influential over a large number of functions with over 300 separate actions of PRL having been reported in various vertebrates. Prolactin is secreted from the pituitary gland in response to eating, mating, estrogen treatment, ovulation, and nursing.".
- Prolactin label "Prolactin".
- Prolactin label "Prolactina".
- Prolactin label "Prolactina".
- Prolactin label "Prolactine".
- Prolactin label "Prolactine".
- Prolactin label "Prolaktin".
- Prolactin label "Prolaktyna".
- Prolactin label "Prolattina".
- Prolactin label "Пролактин".
- Prolactin label "برولاكتين".
- Prolactin label "プロラクチン".
- Prolactin label "催乳素".
- Prolactin sameAs Prolaktin.
- Prolactin sameAs Prolaktin.
- Prolactin sameAs Προλακτίνη.
- Prolactin sameAs Prolactina.
- Prolactin sameAs Prolaktina.
- Prolactin sameAs Prolactine.
- Prolactin sameAs Laktogen.
- Prolactin sameAs Prolattina.
- Prolactin sameAs プロラクチン.
- Prolactin sameAs 프로락틴.
- Prolactin sameAs Prolactine.
- Prolactin sameAs Prolaktyna.
- Prolactin sameAs Prolactina.
- Prolactin sameAs m.01fd4r.
- Prolactin sameAs Q192191.
- Prolactin sameAs Q192191.
- Prolactin wasDerivedFrom Prolactin?oldid=606042775.
- Prolactin isPrimaryTopicOf Prolactin.