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- Protectionist_Party abstract "This article is about the Australian Protectionist Party of 1889-1909. For the current party, see Australian Protectionist Party.The Protectionist Party was an Australian political party, formally organised from 1889 until 1909, with policies centred on protectionism. It argued that Australia needed protective tariffs to allow Australian industry to grow and provide employment. It had its greatest strength in Victoria and in the rural areas of New South Wales. Its most prominent leaders were Sir Edmund Barton and Alfred Deakin, who were the first and second prime ministers of Australia.On the commencement of the Commonwealth of Australia, Governor-General-designate, The 7th Earl of Hopetoun, appointed Edmund Barton, leader of the Protectionist Party, to head a caretaker government from 1 January 1901 until the election of a Parliament. At the first federal election in 1901, held in March, the Protectionists won 31 of the 75 seats in the House of Representatives. Barton was able to form the Barton minority government with the support of the Labour Party led by Chris Watson, which held the balance of power with 14 seats, on the understanding that the Protectionists would implement a number of social reforms desired by Labour. Labour's program, however, was frequently too radical for many Protectionists, creating internal conflict between those who, like H. B. Higgins, were sympathetic to Labour, while conservatives like Allan McLean preferred to support the Free Trade Party.On 25 August 1903 legislation to set up the High Court of Australia consisting of three judges was finally passed. Barton resigned his party leadership position on 24 September 1903 to be replaced by Deakin who then formed the first Deakin government. Then, on 5 October 1903, Deakin appointed Barton, as well as the party's Senate leader, Richard O'Connor, to be justices of the High Court, before calling the 1903 federal election for December and going into caretaker government mode. At the election, the number of seats won by the Protectionists declined to 26, while Labour's increased to 22, but Labour continued its policy of supporting a minority Deakin Protectionist government. After a falling out in April 1904 between Labour's Watson and Deakin, Deakin resigned office. Free Trade leader George Reid declined to take office, leaving Watson and Labour to form its first minority government, which lasted for four months. In August 1904, Reid was able to form a Free Trade government with Protectionist support. Reid's government lasted until 5 July 1905, when the Protectionists and Labour reconciled, and the previous arrangement was restored with the formation of the second Deakin government. On 12 October 1906, the size of the High Court was increased to 5 justices, and Deakin appointed prominent Protectionists Higgins and Isaac Isaacs to the High Court, as a means of getting them out of politics, though they were qualified for the judicial position. Both had been lawyers. Higgins was Attorney-General in the Labour government of 1904 (Labour did not have a lawyer who they could appoint) and Isaacs was Attorney-General in 1905 in the Deakin government. The Free Trade Party recognised that the issue of tariffs had been settled and that the main issue was the Labour resurgence. So, before the 1906 federal election, held in December, it changed its name to the Anti-Socialist Party. At the election, the Protectionists, whose protectionist policies were by then redundant, won only 16 seats to Labour's 26, but Labour still led by Watson continued to support Deakin who formed the third Deakin Protectionist government. Labour now under Andrew Fisher withdrew its support of the Deakin government on 13 November 1908 and formed a minority government. The Fisher government passed a large number of its legislation. A scandalised establishment, believing an anti-socialist alliance was necessary to counter Labor's growing electoral dominance, pressured Deakin and Anti-Socialist Party's new leader, Joseph Cook, to begin merger talks. The more liberal Protectionists opposed a merger. The party wound up splitting as a result. The main body, including Deakin and his supporters merged with the Anti-Socialist Party in May 1909 to become the Commonwealth Liberal Party, popularly known as "the Fusion Party", with Deakin as leader and Cook as deputy leader. The more liberal Protectionists defected to Labour. Deakin now held a majority in the House of Representatives and the Fisher government fell in a vote on 27 May 1909. Fisher failed to persuade the Governor-General Lord Dudley to dissolve Parliament and Deakin formed Australia's first majority government in June 1909, under the CLP banner, which governed less than a year until the 1910 federal election, held in April of that year.At the 1910 election, Labour under Fisher achieved Australia's first elected federal majority government, and the first Senate majority, winning 42 of the 75 seats in the House of Representatives to the Liberal's 31. Deakin retired from Parliament in April 1913 and Cook took over the Liberal leadership before the calling of the 1913 federal election, held in May. The Liberals under Cook won government in 1913 by a single seat. Cook called a double dissolution election in 1914, held in September, the first double dissolution election since federation. The election had been called before the declaration of war in August 1914, and the campaign was conducted with the caretaker government going onto a war footing. At the election the Liberals were soundly defeated and Labor won control of both chambers.While the party itself disappeared into history, many of its key legislative initiatives, such as the White Australia policy and tariff protection for industry, were maintained by successive Australian governments for a large part of the 20th century.".
- Protectionist_Party thumbnail Edmund_Barton.PNG?width=300.
- Protectionist_Party wikiPageExternalLink A070202b.htm.
- Protectionist_Party wikiPageExternalLink A080275b.htm.
- Protectionist_Party wikiPageExternalLink ?page_id=5.
- Protectionist_Party wikiPageID "328708".
- Protectionist_Party wikiPageRevisionID "597879430".
- Protectionist_Party dissolution "1909".
- Protectionist_Party foundation "1889".
- Protectionist_Party hasPhotoCollection Protectionist_Party.
- Protectionist_Party ideology Conservatism.
- Protectionist_Party ideology "Protectionism".
- Protectionist_Party leader Alfred_Deakin.
- Protectionist_Party partyName "Protectionist Party".
- Protectionist_Party partyWikicolourid "Protectionist".
- Protectionist_Party position Centre-right.
- Protectionist_Party successor Commonwealth_Liberal_Party.
- Protectionist_Party subject Category:1909_disestablishments_in_Australia.
- Protectionist_Party subject Category:Conservative_parties_in_Australia.
- Protectionist_Party subject Category:Defunct_political_parties_in_Australia.
- Protectionist_Party subject Category:Political_parties_disestablished_in_1909.
- Protectionist_Party subject Category:Political_parties_established_in_1889.
- Protectionist_Party subject Category:Protectionism.
- Protectionist_Party type Abstraction100002137.
- Protectionist_Party type ConservativePartiesInAustralia.
- Protectionist_Party type DefunctPoliticalPartiesInAustralia.
- Protectionist_Party type Group100031264.
- Protectionist_Party type Organization108008335.
- Protectionist_Party type Party108256968.
- Protectionist_Party type PoliticalPartiesDisestablishedIn1909.
- Protectionist_Party type PoliticalPartiesEstablishedIn1889.
- Protectionist_Party type SocialGroup107950920.
- Protectionist_Party type YagoLegalActor.
- Protectionist_Party type YagoLegalActorGeo.
- Protectionist_Party type YagoPermanentlyLocatedEntity.
- Protectionist_Party type Agent.
- Protectionist_Party type Organisation.
- Protectionist_Party type PoliticalParty.
- Protectionist_Party type Organization.
- Protectionist_Party type Agent.
- Protectionist_Party type SocialPerson.
- Protectionist_Party type Thing.
- Protectionist_Party comment "This article is about the Australian Protectionist Party of 1889-1909. For the current party, see Australian Protectionist Party.The Protectionist Party was an Australian political party, formally organised from 1889 until 1909, with policies centred on protectionism. It argued that Australia needed protective tariffs to allow Australian industry to grow and provide employment. It had its greatest strength in Victoria and in the rural areas of New South Wales.".
- Protectionist_Party label "Parti protectionniste (Australie)".
- Protectionist_Party label "Partia Protekcjonistyczna".
- Protectionist_Party label "Partido Proteccionista".
- Protectionist_Party label "Partito Protezionista".
- Protectionist_Party label "Protectionist Party".
- Protectionist_Party label "Protectionist Party".
- Protectionist_Party sameAs Protectionist_Party.
- Protectionist_Party sameAs Partido_Proteccionista.
- Protectionist_Party sameAs Parti_protectionniste_(Australie).
- Protectionist_Party sameAs Partito_Protezionista.
- Protectionist_Party sameAs Partia_Protekcjonistyczna.
- Protectionist_Party sameAs m.01wk66.
- Protectionist_Party sameAs Q1324190.
- Protectionist_Party sameAs Q1324190.
- Protectionist_Party sameAs Protectionist_Party.
- Protectionist_Party wasDerivedFrom Protectionist_Party?oldid=597879430.
- Protectionist_Party depiction Edmund_Barton.PNG.
- Protectionist_Party isPrimaryTopicOf Protectionist_Party.