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- Saladin abstract "Ṣalāḥ ad-Dīn Yūsuf ibn Ayyūb (Arabic: صلاح الدين يوسف بن أيوب; Kurdish: سهلاحهدین ئهیوبی , Selahedînê Eyûbî) (1137/1138 – March 4, 1193), better known in the Western world as Saladin, was the first Sultan of Egypt and Syria and the founder of the Ayyubid dynasty. A Muslim of Kurdish origin, Saladin led the Muslim opposition to the European Crusaders in the Levant. At the height of his power, his sultanate included Egypt, Syria, Mesopotamia, Hejaz, Yemen, and other parts of North Africa.Originally sent to Fatimid Egypt by his Zengid lord Nur ad-Din in 1163, Saladin climbed the ranks of the Fatimid government by virtue of his military successes against Crusader assaults on its territory and his personal closeness to the caliph al-Adid. When Saladin's uncle Shirkuh died in 1169, al-Adid appointed Saladin vizier, a rare nomination of a Sunni Muslim to such an important position in the Shia Muslim-led caliphate. During his term as vizier, Saladin began to undermine the Fatimid establishment and following al-Adid's death in 1171, he took over government and realigned the country's allegiance with the Baghdad-based Abbasid Caliphate. In the following years, he led forays against the Crusaders in Palestine, ordered the successful conquest of Yemen and staved off pro-Fatimid rebellions in Upper Egypt.Not long after the death of Nur ad-Din in 1174, Saladin personally led the conquest of Syria, peacefully entering Damascus at the request of its ruler. By mid-1175, Saladin had conquered Hama and Homs, inviting the animosity of his former Zengid lords, who had been the official rulers of Syria. Soon after, he defeated the Zengid army in battle and was thereafter proclaimed the "Sultan of Egypt and Syria" by the Abbasid caliph al-Mustadi. He made further conquests in northern Syria and Jazira, escaping two attempts on his life by the Assassins, before returning to Egypt in 1177 to address issues there. By 1182, Saladin completed the conquest of Syria after capturing Aleppo, but ultimately failed to take over the Zengid stronghold of Mosul.Under Saladin's personal leadership, the Ayyubid army defeated the Crusaders at the decisive Battle of Hattin in 1187, leading the way to the Muslims' re-capture of Palestine from the Crusaders who had conquered it 88 years earlier. Though the Crusader Kingdom of Jerusalem would continue to exist for an extended period, its defeat at Hattin marked a turning point in its conflict with the Muslim powers of the region. Saladin has become a prominent figure in Muslim, Arab, and Kurdish culture. His reportedly noble and chivalrous behavior was noted, even by Christian chroniclers, and despite being the nemesis of the Crusaders, he purportedly won the respect of many of them, including Richard the Lionheart who led the Third Crusade. In 1193 he died in Damascus, having given much of his wealth to his subjects. Saladin is buried in a mausoleum adjacent to the Umayyad Mosque.".
- Saladin activeYearsEndYear "1193".
- Saladin activeYearsStartYear "1174".
- Saladin alias "Saladin".
- Saladin birthDate "1137".
- Saladin birthPlace Mesopotamia.
- Saladin birthPlace Tikrit.
- Saladin birthYear "1137".
- Saladin deathDate "1193-03-04".
- Saladin deathPlace Damascus.
- Saladin deathPlace Syria.
- Saladin deathYear "1193".
- Saladin lccnId "n/82/165288".
- Saladin parent Najm_ad-Din_Ayyub.
- Saladin placeOfBurial Damascus.
- Saladin placeOfBurial Umayyad_Mosque.
- Saladin predecessor Nur_ad-Din,_atabeg_of_Aleppo.
- Saladin successor Al-Afdal_ibn_Salah_ad-Din.
- Saladin successor Al-Aziz_Uthman.
- Saladin thumbnail Dirham_Saladin.jpg?width=300.
- Saladin title "Sultan of Egypt and Syria".
- Saladin viafId "90040943".
- Saladin wikiPageExternalLink 1.
- Saladin wikiPageExternalLink _content.php.
- Saladin wikiPageExternalLink 9465.html.
- Saladin wikiPageExternalLink richard_saladin_warriors_third_crusade.
- Saladin wikiPageExternalLink LIFE-DOOR.html.
- Saladin wikiPageID "26983".
- Saladin wikiPageRevisionID "606708932".
- Saladin align "right".
- Saladin alternativeNames "Saladin".
- Saladin birthDate "Muslim year 532".
- Saladin birthPlace Mesopotamia.
- Saladin birthPlace Tikrit.
- Saladin caption "Saladin as depicted on a Dirham coin, ca. 1190".
- Saladin consort Ismat_ad-Din_Khatun.
- Saladin coronation "1174".
- Saladin dateOfBirth "c. 1137–1138".
- Saladin dateOfDeath "1193-03-04".
- Saladin deathDate "1193-03-04".
- Saladin deathPlace Damascus.
- Saladin dynasty Ayyubid_dynasty.
- Saladin father Najm_ad-Din_Ayyub.
- Saladin fullName "Ṣalāḥ al-Dīn Yūsuf ibn Ayyūb".
- Saladin hasPhotoCollection Saladin.
- Saladin lccn "n/82/165288".
- Saladin name "Ayyūb, Ṣalāḥ al-Dīn Yūsuf ibn".
- Saladin name "Saladin".
- Saladin placeOfBirth Mesopotamia.
- Saladin placeOfBirth Tikrit.
- Saladin placeOfBurial Damascus.
- Saladin placeOfBurial Umayyad_Mosque.
- Saladin placeOfDeath Damascus.
- Saladin placeOfDeath Syria.
- Saladin predecessor Nur_ad-Din,_atabeg_of_Aleppo.
- Saladin quote "It is equally true that his generosity, his piety, devoid of fanaticism, that flower of liberality and courtesy which had been the model of our old chroniclers, won him no less popularity in Frankish Syria than in the lands of Islam.".
- Saladin reign "1174".
- Saladin religion Sunni_Islam.
- Saladin religion Muslim_Sunni.
- Saladin shortDescription "Sultan of Egypt and Syria".
- Saladin source "René Grousset".
- Saladin successor Al-Afdal_ibn_Salah_ad-Din.
- Saladin successor "Al-Aziz Uthman".
- Saladin title List_of_rulers_of_Damascus.
- Saladin title Lists_of_rulers_of_Egypt.
- Saladin title Sultan_of_Egypt.
- Saladin viaf "90040943".
- Saladin width "25".
- Saladin wordnet_type synset-sovereign-noun-1.
- Saladin years "1171".
- Saladin years "1174".
- Saladin description "Sultan of Egypt and Syria".
- Saladin description "Sultan of Egypt and Syria".
- Saladin subject Category:1130s_births.
- Saladin subject Category:1193_deaths.
- Saladin subject Category:Ayyubid_dynasty.
- Saladin subject Category:Fatimid_viziers.
- Saladin subject Category:Kurdish_people.
- Saladin subject Category:Muslim_generals.
- Saladin subject Category:Muslims_of_the_Second_Crusade.
- Saladin subject Category:Muslims_of_the_Third_Crusade.
- Saladin subject Category:People_from_Tikrit.
- Saladin subject Category:Rulers_of_Syria.
- Saladin subject Category:Rulers_of_Yemen.
- Saladin subject Category:Sultans_of_Egypt.
- Saladin subject Category:Sunni_Muslims.
- Saladin type CausalAgent100007347.
- Saladin type CommissionedMilitaryOfficer109943239.
- Saladin type CommissionedOfficer109942970.
- Saladin type Communicator109610660.
- Saladin type General110123844.
- Saladin type GeneralOfficer110125786.
- Saladin type HeadOfState110164747.
- Saladin type IraqiKurdishPeople.
- Saladin type KurdishRulers.
- Saladin type LivingThing100004258.
- Saladin type MilitaryOfficer110317007.
- Saladin type MuslimGenerals.
- Saladin type Negotiator110351874.
- Saladin type Object100002684.