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- Sound_Dues abstract "The Sound Dues (or the Sound Toll;Danish: Øresundstolden, Swedish: Öresundstullen) were a toll on the use of the Sound which constituted up to two thirds of Denmark's state income in the 16th and 17th centuries. The dues were introduced by King Eric of Pomerania in 1429 and remained in effect until the Copenhagen Convention of 1857.All foreign ships passing through the strait, whether en route to or from Denmark or not, had to stop in Helsingør and pay a toll to the Danish Crown. If a ship refused to stop, cannons in both Helsingør and Helsingborg could open fire and sink it. In 1567, the toll was changed into a 1-2% tax of the cargo value, providing three times more revenue. To keep the captains from understating the value of the cargo on which the tax was computed, the elegant solution was chosen to reserve the right to purchase the cargo at the value stated. In order to avoid ships simply taking a different route, tolls were also collected at the two other Danish straits, the Great Belt and the Little Belt; sometimes non-Danish vessels were forbidden to use any other waterways but the Øresund, and transgressing vessels were confiscated or sunk.The Sound Dues remained the most important source of income for the Danish Crown for several centuries, thus making Danish kings relatively independent of Denmark's Privy Council and aristocracy. However, the dues were an irritant to nations engaged in trade in the Baltic Sea, especially Sweden. Sweden had initially been exempted from the dues at the time of their introduction because it was then in the Kalmar Union along with Denmark. However, after the Kalmar War and the Treaty of Knäred in 1613 Denmark introduced dues on cargoes from Sweden's Baltic possessions and on non-Swedish ships carrying Swedish cargo. The friction over the Dues was an official casus belli of the Torstenson War in 1643.In 1658, Denmark had to cede her provinces east of the sound (Scania, Halland, Blekinge, Bohuslän, and the island of Ven) to Sweden as a consequence of the Second Northern War. Thus, the toll could not be enforced as well as before but Denmark retained its established right of the dues. Swedish shipping became exempt from the Sound Dues by the terms of the Treaty of Copenhagen, signed on 27 May 1660. The exemption was rescinded after Sweden's defeat in the Great Northern War and the Treaty of Frederiksborg of 1720, although the eastern shore of the Sound was now Swedish.".
- Sound_Dues thumbnail Karte_der_Umgebung_von_Kopenhagen.jpg?width=300.
- Sound_Dues wikiPageID "3972465".
- Sound_Dues wikiPageRevisionID "606211954".
- Sound_Dues hasPhotoCollection Sound_Dues.
- Sound_Dues subject Category:1429_establishments.
- Sound_Dues subject Category:1857_disestablishments.
- Sound_Dues subject Category:History_of_Denmark.
- Sound_Dues subject Category:Law_of_the_sea.
- Sound_Dues subject Category:Straits_of_Denmark.
- Sound_Dues subject Category:Toll_roads.
- Sound_Dues point "55.789722222222224 12.750833333333333".
- Sound_Dues type Artifact100021939.
- Sound_Dues type BodyOfWater109225146.
- Sound_Dues type Channel109241247.
- Sound_Dues type Expressway103306610.
- Sound_Dues type Highway103519981.
- Sound_Dues type Object100002684.
- Sound_Dues type PhysicalEntity100001930.
- Sound_Dues type Road104096066.
- Sound_Dues type Strait109446115.
- Sound_Dues type StraitsOfDenmark.
- Sound_Dues type Thing100002452.
- Sound_Dues type TollRoads.
- Sound_Dues type Turnpike104501018.
- Sound_Dues type Way104564698.
- Sound_Dues type Whole100003553.
- Sound_Dues type YagoGeoEntity.
- Sound_Dues type YagoPermanentlyLocatedEntity.
- Sound_Dues type SpatialThing.
- Sound_Dues comment "The Sound Dues (or the Sound Toll;Danish: Øresundstolden, Swedish: Öresundstullen) were a toll on the use of the Sound which constituted up to two thirds of Denmark's state income in the 16th and 17th centuries. The dues were introduced by King Eric of Pomerania in 1429 and remained in effect until the Copenhagen Convention of 1857.All foreign ships passing through the strait, whether en route to or from Denmark or not, had to stop in Helsingør and pay a toll to the Danish Crown.".
- Sound_Dues label "Droits du Sund".
- Sound_Dues label "Sonttol".
- Sound_Dues label "Sound Dues".
- Sound_Dues label "Sundzoll".
- Sound_Dues label "Зундская пошлина".
- Sound_Dues sameAs Sundzoll.
- Sound_Dues sameAs Droits_du_Sund.
- Sound_Dues sameAs 외레순_통행료.
- Sound_Dues sameAs Sonttol.
- Sound_Dues sameAs m.05n01qq.
- Sound_Dues sameAs Q707337.
- Sound_Dues sameAs Q707337.
- Sound_Dues sameAs Sound_Dues.
- Sound_Dues lat "55.789722222222224".
- Sound_Dues long "12.750833333333333".
- Sound_Dues wasDerivedFrom Sound_Dues?oldid=606211954.
- Sound_Dues depiction Karte_der_Umgebung_von_Kopenhagen.jpg.
- Sound_Dues isPrimaryTopicOf Sound_Dues.
