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- Sugar abstract "Sugar is the generalized name for sweet, short-chain, soluble carbohydrates, many of which are used in food. They are carbohydrates, composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. There are various types of sugar derived from different sources. Simple sugars are called monosaccharides and include glucose (also known as dextrose), fructose and galactose. The table or granulated sugar most customarily used as food is sucrose, a disaccharide. (In the body, sucrose hydrolyses into fructose and glucose.) Other disaccharides include maltose and lactose. Longer chains of sugars are called oligosaccharides. Chemically-different substances may also have a sweet taste, but are not classified as sugars. Some are used as lower-calorie food substitutes for sugar described as artificial sweeteners.Sugars are found in the tissues of most plants, but are only present in sufficient concentrations for efficient extraction in sugarcane and sugar beet. Sugarcane is any of several species of giant grass in the genus Saccharum that have been cultivated in tropical climates in South Asia and Southeast Asia since ancient times. A great expansion in its production took place in the 18th century with the layout of sugar plantations in the West Indies and Americas. This was the first time that sugar became available to the common people who previously had to rely on honey to sweeten foods. Sugar beet, a cultivated variety of Beta vulgaris, is grown as a root crop in cooler climates and became a major source of sugar in the 19th century when methods for extracting the sugar became available. Sugar production and trade have changed the course of human history in many ways. It influenced the formation of colonies, the perpetuation of slavery, the transition to indentured labour, the migration of peoples, wars between sugar trade-controlling nations in the 19th century, and the ethnic composition and political structure of the new world.The world produced about 168 million tonnes of sugar in 2011. The average person consumes about 24 kilograms of sugar each year (33.1 kg in industrialised countries), equivalent to over 260 food calories per person, per day.Since the latter part of the twentieth century, it has been questioned whether a diet high in sugars, especially refined sugars, is good for human health. Sugar has been linked to obesity, and suspected of, or fully implicated as a cause in the occurrence of diabetes, cardiovascular disease, dementia, macular degeneration, and tooth decay. Numerous studies have been undertaken to try to clarify the position, but with varying results, mainly because of the difficulty of finding populations for use as controls that do not consume, or are largely free of any sugar consumption.".
- Sugar thumbnail Raw_sugar_closeup.jpg?width=300.
- Sugar wikiPageExternalLink FST-16.pdf.
- Sugar wikiPageExternalLink Nov2011sugar.pdf.
- Sugar wikiPageExternalLink Sweeten.html.
- Sugar wikiPageExternalLink mag-17Sugar-t.html?pagewanted=1&_r=1&src=ISMR_HP_LO_MST_FB.
- Sugar wikiPageID "27712".
- Sugar wikiPageRevisionID "605971256".
- Sugar calciumMg "1".
- Sugar calciumMg "85".
- Sugar carbs "97.33".
- Sugar carbs "99.98".
- Sugar fat "0.0".
- Sugar fiber "0.0".
- Sugar folateUg "1".
- Sugar hasPhotoCollection Sugar.
- Sugar ironMg "0.01".
- Sugar ironMg "1.91".
- Sugar kj "1576".
- Sugar kj "1619".
- Sugar magnesiumMg "29".
- Sugar name "Sugar, granulated".
- Sugar name "Sugars, brown".
- Sugar niacinMg "0.082".
- Sugar phosphorusMg "22".
- Sugar potassiumMg "133".
- Sugar potassiumMg "2".
- Sugar protein "0.0".
- Sugar riboflavinMg "0.007".
- Sugar riboflavinMg "0.019".
- Sugar right "1".
- Sugar sodiumMg "39".
- Sugar sourceUsda "1".
- Sugar sugars "96.21".
- Sugar sugars "99.91".
- Sugar thiaminMg "0.008".
- Sugar vitb6Mg "0.026".
- Sugar water "0.03".
- Sugar water "1.77".
- Sugar zincMg "0.18".
- Sugar subject Category:Carbohydrates.
- Sugar subject Category:Excipients.
- Sugar subject Category:Granular_materials.
- Sugar subject Category:Nutrition.
- Sugar subject Category:Sugar.
- Sugar subject Category:Sweeteners.
- Sugar comment "Sugar is the generalized name for sweet, short-chain, soluble carbohydrates, many of which are used in food. They are carbohydrates, composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. There are various types of sugar derived from different sources. Simple sugars are called monosaccharides and include glucose (also known as dextrose), fructose and galactose. The table or granulated sugar most customarily used as food is sucrose, a disaccharide.".
- Sugar label "Azúcar".
- Sugar label "Açúcar".
- Sugar label "Cukier spożywczy".
- Sugar label "Sucre".
- Sugar label "Sugar".
- Sugar label "Tafelsuiker".
- Sugar label "Zucker".
- Sugar label "Сахар".
- Sugar label "سكر".
- Sugar label "砂糖".
- Sugar label "食糖".
- Sugar sameAs Cukr.
- Sugar sameAs Zucker.
- Sugar sameAs Ζάχαρη.
- Sugar sameAs Azúcar.
- Sugar sameAs Azukre.
- Sugar sameAs Sucre.
- Sugar sameAs Gula.
- Sugar sameAs 砂糖.
- Sugar sameAs 설탕.
- Sugar sameAs Tafelsuiker.
- Sugar sameAs Cukier_spożywczy.
- Sugar sameAs Açúcar.
- Sugar sameAs m.06x4c.
- Sugar sameAs Q11002.
- Sugar sameAs Q11002.
- Sugar wasDerivedFrom Sugar?oldid=605971256.
- Sugar depiction Raw_sugar_closeup.jpg.
- Sugar isPrimaryTopicOf Sugar.