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Teresa_Cristina_of_the_Two_Sicilies abstract "Dona Teresa Cristina (14 March 1822 – 28 December 1889), nicknamed "the Mother of the Brazilians", was the Empress consort of Emperor Dom Pedro II of Brazil, who reigned from 1831 to 1889. Born a Princess of the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies in present-day southern Italy, she was the daughter of King Don Francesco I (Francis I) of the Italian branch of the House of Bourbon and his wife Maria Isabel (Maria Isabella). It was long believed by historians that the Princess was raised in an ultra-conservative, intolerant atmosphere which resulted in a timid and unassertive character in public and an ability to be contented with very little materially or emotionally. Recent studies revealed a more complex character, who despite having respected the social norms of the era, was able to assert a limited independence due to her strongly opinionated personality as well as her interest in learning, sciences and culture.The Princess was married by proxy to Pedro II in 1843. Her spouse's expectations had been raised when a portrait was presented that depicted Teresa Cristina as an idealized beauty, but he was displeased by his bride's plain looks upon their first meeting later that year. Despite a cold beginning, the couple's relationship improved as time passed, due primarily to Teresa Cristina's patience, kindness, generosity and simplicity. These traits also helped her win the hearts of the Brazilian people, and her distance from political controversies shielded her from criticism. She also sponsored archaeological studies in Italy and Italian immigration to Brazil.The marriage between Teresa Cristina and Pedro II never became passionately romantic, although a bond based upon family, mutual respect and fondness did develop. The Empress was a dutiful spouse and unfailingly supported the Emperor's positions and never interposed with her own views in public. She remained silent on the topic of his suspected extra-marital relationships—including a liaison with her daughters' governess. In turn, she was treated with unfailing respect and her position at Court and home was always secure. Of the four children Teresa Cristina bore him, two boys died in infancy and a daughter of typhoid fever at the early age of 24.She, along with the remaining members of the Imperial Family, was sent into exile after a coup d'état staged by a clique of army officers in 1889. Being cast from her beloved adopted land had a devastating effect on Teresa Cristina's spirit and health. Grieving and ill, she died of respiratory failure leading to cardiac arrest little more than a month after the monarchy's collapse. She was greatly loved by her subjects, both during her lifetime and afterwards. She was even respected by the Republicans who overthrew the Empire. Despite having had no direct impact on Brazil's political history, Teresa Cristina is well regarded by historians not only for her character and irreproachable behavior, but also for her sponsorship of Brazilian culture.".
Teresa_Cristina_of_the_Two_Sicilies activeYearsEndYear "1889".
Teresa_Cristina_of_the_Two_Sicilies activeYearsStartYear "1843".
Teresa_Cristina_of_the_Two_Sicilies alias "Teresa Cristina Maria".
Teresa_Cristina_of_the_Two_Sicilies birthDate "1822-03-14".
Teresa_Cristina_of_the_Two_Sicilies birthPlace Kingdom_of_the_Two_Sicilies.
Teresa_Cristina_of_the_Two_Sicilies birthPlace Naples.
Teresa_Cristina_of_the_Two_Sicilies birthYear "1822".
Teresa_Cristina_of_the_Two_Sicilies deathDate "1889-12-28".
Teresa_Cristina_of_the_Two_Sicilies deathPlace Kingdom_of_Portugal.
Teresa_Cristina_of_the_Two_Sicilies deathPlace Porto.
Teresa_Cristina_of_the_Two_Sicilies deathYear "1889".
Teresa_Cristina_of_the_Two_Sicilies parent Francis_I_of_the_Two_Sicilies.
Teresa_Cristina_of_the_Two_Sicilies parent Mar%C3%ADa_Isabella_of_Spain.
Teresa_Cristina_of_the_Two_Sicilies restingPlace Cathedral_of_Petr%C3%B3polis.
Teresa_Cristina_of_the_Two_Sicilies restingPlace Petr%C3%B3polis.
Teresa_Cristina_of_the_Two_Sicilies spouse Pedro_II_of_Brazil.
Teresa_Cristina_of_the_Two_Sicilies thumbnail Teresa_Cristina_of_the_Two_Sicilies_1888.jpg?width=300.
Teresa_Cristina_of_the_Two_Sicilies wikiPageExternalLink 209.
Teresa_Cristina_of_the_Two_Sicilies wikiPageID "8083408".
Teresa_Cristina_of_the_Two_Sicilies wikiPageRevisionID "597254337".
Teresa_Cristina_of_the_Two_Sicilies alt "Head and shoulders sepia photograph showing an older woman with gray hair and wearing a dark lace dress".
Teresa_Cristina_of_the_Two_Sicilies alternativeNames "Teresa Cristina Maria".
Teresa_Cristina_of_the_Two_Sicilies altstyle "Madam".
Teresa_Cristina_of_the_Two_Sicilies birthDate "1822-03-14".
Teresa_Cristina_of_the_Two_Sicilies birthPlace Kingdom_of_the_Two_Sicilies.
Teresa_Cristina_of_the_Two_Sicilies birthPlace Naples.
Teresa_Cristina_of_the_Two_Sicilies caption "Teresa Cristina at age 66, 1888".
Teresa_Cristina_of_the_Two_Sicilies consort "yes".
Teresa_Cristina_of_the_Two_Sicilies dateOfBirth "1822-03-14".
Teresa_Cristina_of_the_Two_Sicilies dateOfBurial "1939-12-05".
Teresa_Cristina_of_the_Two_Sicilies dateOfDeath "1889-12-28".
Teresa_Cristina_of_the_Two_Sicilies deathDate "1889-12-28".
Teresa_Cristina_of_the_Two_Sicilies deathPlace Kingdom_of_Portugal.
Teresa_Cristina_of_the_Two_Sicilies deathPlace Porto.
Teresa_Cristina_of_the_Two_Sicilies dipstyle Imperial_Majesty_(style).
Teresa_Cristina_of_the_Two_Sicilies father Francis_I_of_the_Two_Sicilies.
Teresa_Cristina_of_the_Two_Sicilies fullName "Teresa Cristina Maria Giuseppa Gaspare Baltassare Melchiore Gennara Francesca de Padova Donata Bonosa Andrea d'Avelino Rita Luitgarda Geltruda Venancia Taddea Spiridione Rocca Matilde".
Teresa_Cristina_of_the_Two_Sicilies hasPhotoCollection Teresa_Cristina_of_the_Two_Sicilies.
Teresa_Cristina_of_the_Two_Sicilies house House_of_Bourbon-Two_Sicilies.
Teresa_Cristina_of_the_Two_Sicilies imgw "200".
Teresa_Cristina_of_the_Two_Sicilies issue "* Afonso, Prince Imperial of Brazil * Isabel, Princess Imperial of Brazil * Leopoldina, Princess Ludwig August of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha * Pedro, Prince Imperial of Brazil".
Teresa_Cristina_of_the_Two_Sicilies issueLink "#Issue".
Teresa_Cristina_of_the_Two_Sicilies issuePipe "detail".
Teresa_Cristina_of_the_Two_Sicilies mother Mar%C3%ADa_Isabella_of_Spain.
Teresa_Cristina_of_the_Two_Sicilies name "Teresa Cristina".
Teresa_Cristina_of_the_Two_Sicilies name "Theresa Christina".
Teresa_Cristina_of_the_Two_Sicilies offstyle "Your Imperial Majesty".
Teresa_Cristina_of_the_Two_Sicilies placeOfBirth Kingdom_of_the_Two_Sicilies.
Teresa_Cristina_of_the_Two_Sicilies placeOfBirth Naples.
Teresa_Cristina_of_the_Two_Sicilies placeOfBurial Cathedral_of_Petrópolis.
Teresa_Cristina_of_the_Two_Sicilies placeOfBurial Petrópolis.
Teresa_Cristina_of_the_Two_Sicilies placeOfDeath Kingdom_of_Portugal.
Teresa_Cristina_of_the_Two_Sicilies placeOfDeath Porto.
Teresa_Cristina_of_the_Two_Sicilies reign "--05-30".
Teresa_Cristina_of_the_Two_Sicilies religion "Roman Catholic".
Teresa_Cristina_of_the_Two_Sicilies royalName "Empress Teresa Cristina of Brazil".
Teresa_Cristina_of_the_Two_Sicilies shortDescription "Princess of the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies and Empress of the Empire of Brazil".
Teresa_Cristina_of_the_Two_Sicilies signature "Teresa cristina signature.png".
Teresa_Cristina_of_the_Two_Sicilies signatureAlt "Cursive signature in ink".
Teresa_Cristina_of_the_Two_Sicilies spouse Pedro_II_of_Brazil.
Teresa_Cristina_of_the_Two_Sicilies succession List_of_Brazilian_consorts.
Teresa_Cristina_of_the_Two_Sicilies title List_of_Brazilian_consorts.
Teresa_Cristina_of_the_Two_Sicilies years "--05-30".
Teresa_Cristina_of_the_Two_Sicilies years "--11-15".
Teresa_Cristina_of_the_Two_Sicilies description "Princess of the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies and Empress of the Empire of Brazil".
Teresa_Cristina_of_the_Two_Sicilies description "Princess of the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies and Empress of the Empire of Brazil".
Teresa_Cristina_of_the_Two_Sicilies subject Category:1822_births.
Teresa_Cristina_of_the_Two_Sicilies subject Category:1889_deaths.
Teresa_Cristina_of_the_Two_Sicilies subject Category:Brazilian_imperial_consorts.
Teresa_Cristina_of_the_Two_Sicilies subject Category:Brazilian_people_of_Italian_descent.
Teresa_Cristina_of_the_Two_Sicilies subject Category:Burials_in_the_Imperial_Mausoleum_at_the_Cathedral_of_Petrópolis.
Teresa_Cristina_of_the_Two_Sicilies subject Category:Dames_of_the_Order_of_Queen_Maria_Luisa.
Teresa_Cristina_of_the_Two_Sicilies subject Category:Grand_Crosses_of_the_Order_of_Saint_Charles_(Mexico).
Teresa_Cristina_of_the_Two_Sicilies subject Category:House_of_Bourbon-Two_Sicilies.
Teresa_Cristina_of_the_Two_Sicilies subject Category:House_of_Braganza.
Teresa_Cristina_of_the_Two_Sicilies subject Category:Italian_Roman_Catholics.
Teresa_Cristina_of_the_Two_Sicilies subject Category:People_from_Naples.
Teresa_Cristina_of_the_Two_Sicilies subject Category:Princesses_of_Bourbon-Two_Sicilies.
Teresa_Cristina_of_the_Two_Sicilies type Aristocrat109807754.
Teresa_Cristina_of_the_Two_Sicilies type BrazilianImperialConsorts.
Teresa_Cristina_of_the_Two_Sicilies type BrazilianPeopleOfItalianDescent.
Teresa_Cristina_of_the_Two_Sicilies type CausalAgent100007347.
Teresa_Cristina_of_the_Two_Sicilies type Communicator109610660.
Teresa_Cristina_of_the_Two_Sicilies type Consort109958724.
Teresa_Cristina_of_the_Two_Sicilies type DomesticPartner110024362.
Teresa_Cristina_of_the_Two_Sicilies type HeadOfState110164747.
Teresa_Cristina_of_the_Two_Sicilies type Leader109623038.
Teresa_Cristina_of_the_Two_Sicilies type LivingThing100004258.
Teresa_Cristina_of_the_Two_Sicilies type Negotiator110351874.
Teresa_Cristina_of_the_Two_Sicilies type Object100002684.
Teresa_Cristina_of_the_Two_Sicilies type Organism100004475.
Teresa_Cristina_of_the_Two_Sicilies type PeopleFromNaples.
Teresa_Cristina_of_the_Two_Sicilies type Person100007846.
Teresa_Cristina_of_the_Two_Sicilies type PhysicalEntity100001930.
Teresa_Cristina_of_the_Two_Sicilies type Princess110474064.
Teresa_Cristina_of_the_Two_Sicilies type PrincessesOfBourbon-TwoSicilies.
Teresa_Cristina_of_the_Two_Sicilies type Relative110235549.
Teresa_Cristina_of_the_Two_Sicilies type Representative110522035.
Teresa_Cristina_of_the_Two_Sicilies type Ruler110541229.