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- Third_Crusade abstract "The Third Crusade (1189–1192), also known as the Kings' Crusade, was an attempt by European leaders to reconquer the Holy Land from Saladin (Ṣalāḥ ad-Dīn Yūsuf ibn Ayyūb). It was largely successful, capturing Acre, Jaffa, and reversing most of Saladin's conquests, but failed to capture Jerusalem, which was the emotional and spiritual fixation of the Crusade.After the failure of the Second Crusade, the Zengid dynasty controlled a unified Syria and engaged in a conflict with the Fatimid rulers of Egypt, which ultimately resulted in the unification of Egyptian and Syrian forces under the command of Saladin, who employed them to reduce the Christian states and to recapture Jerusalem in 1187. Spurred by religious zeal, Henry II of England and Philip II of France ended their conflict with each other to lead a new crusade. Henry's death in 1189, however, meant that the English contingent came under the command of his successor Richard I of England (known as Richard the Lionheart, in French Cœur de Lion). The elderly Holy Roman Emperor Frederick Barbarossa responded to the call to arms, and led a massive army across Anatolia, but drowned in a river in Asia Minor on 10 June 1190, before reaching the Holy Land. His death caused the greatest grief among the German Crusaders. Most of his discouraged troops left to go home.After driving the Muslims from Acre, Frederick's successor Leopold V of Austria and Philip left the Holy Land in August 1191. Saladin failed to defeat Richard in any military engagements, and Richard secured several more key coastal cities. Nevertheless, on 2 September 1192, Richard finalized a treaty with Saladin by which Jerusalem would remain under Muslim control, but which also allowed unarmed Christian pilgrims and merchants to visit the city. Richard departed the Holy Land on 2 October. The successes of the Third Crusade would allow the Crusaders to maintain a considerable kingdom based in Cyprus and the Syrian coast. However, its failure to recapture Jerusalem would lead to the call for a Fourth Crusade six years later.".
- Third_Crusade combatant "* 15px Ayyubids".
- Third_Crusade combatant "* 15px Cyprus (seat of rival claim to the Byzantine throne)".
- Third_Crusade combatant "* 15px Holy Roman Empire".
- Third_Crusade combatant "* 15px Kingdom of England".
- Third_Crusade combatant "* 15px Kingdom of France".
- Third_Crusade combatant "* 15px Kingdom of Jerusalem".
- Third_Crusade combatant "* 15px Kingdom of Sicily".
- Third_Crusade combatant "* 15px Zengids".
- Third_Crusade combatant "* 15px|border|link=|alt= Byzantine Empire".
- Third_Crusade combatant "* Sultanate of Rûm".
- Third_Crusade combatant "** 15px Austria".
- Third_Crusade combatant "** 15px Blois".
- Third_Crusade combatant "** 15px Dukes of Burgundy".
- Third_Crusade combatant "** 15px Montferrat".
- Third_Crusade combatant "** 15px Swabia".
- Third_Crusade combatant "** 15px Teutonic Knights".
- Third_Crusade combatant "** 15px|border Knights Templar".
- Third_Crusade combatant "** 15px|link=|alt= Bohemia".
- Third_Crusade combatant "** Angevin Empire".
- Third_Crusade combatant "**".
- Third_Crusade combatant "*12px Kingdom of Hungary".
- Third_Crusade combatant "----".
- Third_Crusade combatant "Christians in alliance with Muslims".
- Third_Crusade combatant "Christians".
- Third_Crusade combatant "Muslims".
- Third_Crusade commander Balian_of_Ibelin.
- Third_Crusade commander Christian.
- Third_Crusade commander Conrad_of_Montferrat.
- Third_Crusade commander D%C4%9Bpolt_II.
- Third_Crusade commander Frederick_I,_Holy_Roman_Emperor.
- Third_Crusade commander Frederick_VI,_Duke_of_Swabia.
- Third_Crusade commander G%C3%A9za,_son_of_G%C3%A9za_II_of_Hungary.
- Third_Crusade commander Grand_Masters_of_the_Teutonic_Knights.
- Third_Crusade commander Guy_of_Lusignan.
- Third_Crusade commander Henry_II,_Count_of_Champagne.
- Third_Crusade commander Hugh_III,_Duke_of_Burgundy.
- Third_Crusade commander Isaac_II_Angelos.
- Third_Crusade commander Isaac_Komnenos_of_Cyprus.
- Third_Crusade commander Kilij_Arslan_II.
- Third_Crusade commander Leopold_V,_Duke_of_Austria.
- Third_Crusade commander Muslim.
- Third_Crusade commander Philip_II_of_France.
- Third_Crusade commander Richard_I_of_England.
- Third_Crusade commander Robert_de_Sabl%C3%A9.
- Third_Crusade commander Saladin.
- Third_Crusade commander Tancred,_King_of_Sicily.
- Third_Crusade commander Theobald_V,_Count_of_Blois.
- Third_Crusade isPartOfMilitaryConflict Crusades.
- Third_Crusade place Levant.
- Third_Crusade place Near_East.
- Third_Crusade result "* Crusader military victory.".
- Third_Crusade result "* Crusader states in the Levant are restored to viability.".
- Third_Crusade result "* Italians consolidate influence in Syrian ports.".
- Third_Crusade result "* Jerusalem remains under Muslim control.".
- Third_Crusade result "* Muslims agree to allow unarmed Christian pilgrimages to Jerusalem.".
- Third_Crusade result "Treaty of Jaffa".
- Third_Crusade strength "English: 8,000 men".
- Third_Crusade strength "French: 2,000 men".
- Third_Crusade strength "Germans: 100,000 men".
- Third_Crusade strength "Unknown".
- Third_Crusade territory Jaffa.
- Third_Crusade thumbnail Siege_of_Acre.jpg?width=300.
- Third_Crusade wikiPageExternalLink 7688.
- Third_Crusade wikiPageExternalLink Norman_and_AngloNorman.pdf.
- Third_Crusade wikiPageExternalLink third_crusade_1.html.
- Third_Crusade wikiPageID "106131".
- Third_Crusade wikiPageRevisionID "604609853".
- Third_Crusade caption "The Siege of Acre was the first major confrontation of the Third Crusade".
- Third_Crusade combatant "Christians * 15px Kingdom of Jerusalem ** 15px|border Knights Templar ** 15px Teutonic Knights ** * 15px Kingdom of England ** Angevin Empire * 15px Kingdom of France ** 15px Blois ** 15px Dukes of Burgundy * 15px Holy Roman Empire ** 15px Swabia ** 15px Austria ** 15px Montferrat ** 15px|link=|alt= Bohemia *12px Kingdom of Hungary".
- Third_Crusade combatant "Muslims * 15px Ayyubids * 15px Zengids * Sultanate of Rûm ---- Christians in alliance with Muslims * 15px|border|link=|alt= Byzantine Empire * 15px Cyprus * 15px Kingdom of Sicily".
- Third_Crusade commander "Christians * 15px Philip II of France ** 15px Theobald V ** 15px Hugh III, Duke of Burgundy * 15px Richard I of England * 15px Guy of Lusignan * 15px Henry II of Champagne ** 15px|border Robert de Sable ** 15px Meister Sibrand ** ** 15px Balian of Ibelin * 15px Frederick I ** 15px Fredrick VI ** 15px Leopold V ** 15px Conrad of Montferrat ** 15px|link=|alt= Děpolt II *12px Géza of Hungary".
- Third_Crusade commander "Muslims * 15px Ṣalāḥ ad-Dīn Yūsuf ibn Ayyūb (or Saladin) * Kilij Arslan II ---- Christians in alliance with Muslims * 15px|border|link=|alt= Isaac II Angelus * 15px Isaac Komnenos * 15px Tancred of Sicily".
- Third_Crusade conflict "The Third Crusade".
- Third_Crusade date "1189".
- Third_Crusade hasPhotoCollection Third_Crusade.
- Third_Crusade partof "the Crusades".
- Third_Crusade place "Near East".
- Third_Crusade result "Treaty of Jaffa * Crusader military victory. * Jerusalem remains under Muslim control. * Crusader states in the Levant are restored to viability. * Italians consolidate influence in Syrian ports. * Muslims agree to allow unarmed Christian pilgrimages to Jerusalem.".
- Third_Crusade strength "English: 8,000 men".
- Third_Crusade strength "French: 2,000 men".
- Third_Crusade strength "Germans: 100,000 men".
- Third_Crusade strength "Unknown".
- Third_Crusade territory "Most of the Levantine coast, including Acre and Jaffa, is returned to Crusader control. Tiberias and some inland fortresses are also captured from the Muslims. The island of Cyprus is conquered, and is formed as a kingdom under Frankish rule.".
- Third_Crusade wordnet_type synset-war-noun-1.
- Third_Crusade subject Category:12th-century_crusades.
- Third_Crusade subject Category:History_of_Israel.
- Third_Crusade subject Category:Third_Crusade.
- Third_Crusade subject Category:Warfare_of_the_Middle_Ages.
- Third_Crusade subject Category:Wars_involving_Arab_Egypt.
- Third_Crusade subject Category:Wars_involving_Cyprus.
- Third_Crusade type 12th-centuryCrusades.
- Third_Crusade type Abstraction100002137.
- Third_Crusade type Act100030358.
- Third_Crusade type Activity100407535.
- Third_Crusade type Campaign100798245.
- Third_Crusade type Event100029378.
- Third_Crusade type GroupAction101080366.
- Third_Crusade type MilitaryAction100952963.
- Third_Crusade type PsychologicalFeature100023100.